smart grid development in india - by mr. s.r. sethi, senior advisor upes
TRANSCRIPT
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Modes of Power GenerationPower Sector
Renewable energy sources ( ~10%)
Nuclear power (~3%)
Hydro Power (~22%)
Thermal Power(~65%)
Central Transmission Utilities and State
Transmission utilities
Distribution Channels
Commercial(8%)
Agriculture (22%)
Domestic (22%)
Industries (38%)
Others ( 10%)
Radioactive elements (Uranium, Thorium etc.)
Solar panels, Wind mills etc.
Users
Radioactive elements (Uranium, Thorium etc.)
Solar panels, Wind mills etc.
Radioactive elements (Uranium, Thorium etc.)
Coal, Oil & Gas Water
Renewable energy sources
( ~10%)
Nuclear power (~3%)
Hydro Power
(~22%)Thermal Power
(~65%)
Commercial(8%)
Agriculture (22%)
Domestic (22%)
Industries (38%)
Others ( 10%)
Radioactive elements (Uranium, Thorium etc.)
Solar panels, Wind mills etc.
Source of Power
Input Energy
Transmission Utilities
Radioactive elements (Uranium, Thorium)
Solar panels, Wind mills etc.
Coal, Oil & Gas
Distribution Agencies
How does Electricity reaches our home?
Smart Grid
• Smart Grid facilitates efficient and reliable end-to-end intelligent two-way delivery system from source to sink as well as integration of renewable energy sources
• Smart grid will be able to coordinate the needs and capabilities of distribution utilities, end users and electricity market stakeholders in such a way
It can optimise asset utilization, resource optimization, control and operation
Reduction in losses, performance improvement
• It encompasses Integration of Power, Communication, intelligent devices , intelligent computing system for improved electrical infrastructure that serves consumers with reliability, quality & affordable price
• Helps both Utility and consumers to participate in the management of electricity sector inclding efficient utilization of assets – bringing efficiency and sustainability
Objective: Reduce consumer electricity bill with improved reliability & quality of supply with
consumer focus & participation.
Objective: Reduce consumer electricity bill with improved reliability & quality of supply with
consumer focus & participation.
Need of Smart Grid in Indian Context
Smart Grid : Attributes
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Smart Generation- Renewable Integration
Green Energy Corridors
Growth in Electricity Generation
Renewable Installed Capacity 26137 MW as on 30th Nov. 2012, Source MNRE
State Existing Capacity (MW) Addition in 12th Plan (MW) Total capacity (MW)
Wind Solar Wind Solar Wind Solar
Tamil Nadu 6370 7 6000 3000 12370 3007
Karnataka 1783 6 3223 160 5006 166
A.P 392 92 5048 285 5440 377
Gujarat 2600 600 5083 1400 7683 2000
Maharashtra 2460 17 9016 905 11476 922
Rajasthan 2100 200 2000 3700 4100 3900
J&K - 2 12 102 12 104
Total 15705 924 30382 9552 46087 10476
Total 16628 39934 56563
Annual Wind Energy Generation Pattern During 2011
STF-SG 9
SMART GRID/CITY PROJECT IN PUDUCHERRY
Vision-Smart Grid/City
• Power distribution system incurring high AT&C losses (avg 27%)
• Lack of consumer participation in energy management
• Poor Power Quality
• No Demand Side Management & Demand Response
• Lack of Consumption Discipline
• Critical financial position of DISCOMS
• Low Penetration of Renewable Energy
• Increasing level of Green House Gas (GHG) emission
Background
Pilot Objective
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Smart Grid/City : Attributes
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Implementation Strategy
Salient Features of AMI• Implementation of Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) consisting of
Smart Meters, Data Concentrator Unit (DCU), In home Display unit, Communication network, Meter Data Acquisition System(MDAS), Meter Data Management (MDM) integrated on a single platform
Demonstration of indigenous capability in Clean Energy Development through AMI
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DCU
TMU
R-APDRP SCADA
ULDC SCADA
GIS Mapping
Marapallem Sub-Station
Head End
MDMS
PLMOMSOMS
110/11 kV- Underground
110/22 kV- Overhead
Smart Meters
Smart Grid Control Center
ULDC Control Center
Fibe
r Opti
c
Fibe
r Opti
c
Transformer Monitoring Unit (TMU)
Data Collector Unit (DCU)
FRTU
FPI
Transformer
Wireless
Billing
GIS Mapping
Puducherry Control Center at Chennai
Smart Grid Project – PuducherrySmart Grid Project – PuducherryFinal ArrangementFinal Arrangement
GIS Mapping
CommunicationCircuit Breaker
Smart Grid at Dehradun Campus
• First phase of Smart Grid has been implemented at our Dehradun Campus in collaboration with BSES Yamuna Power Limited
• The Phase - I of the project involves incorporation of Modular Integrated Distribution Automation System (MIDAS) which is automation of 11KV/415V distribution substation so as to remotely monitor health of the equipment and also locate the fault in 11 KV network
• It acquires various DT parameters, such as, oil level, oil & terminal temperature, fire alarm etc. concerned with monitoring of both the transformers and projects it in the form of graphs
• It is web based and can be monitored anytime anywhere in the world• It is just to showcase and knowledge our faculty and students on how a smart grid works
as the current system would be beneficial only in predicting the faults and Condition Monitoring of the substation, but, in the real world it predicts a fault prior to its occurrence and automatically informs the concerned person via sms
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Block Diagram of MIDAS
RS 232
RS 485
Meter
Distribution Transformer
RMU
GPRS Service
FRTU
DT Concentrator
RMU Concentrator
Client Service Terminals
Sensors•Oil temperature•Oil level•Terminal temperature•FPI•Fire Alarm•Door Sensor•Movement Sensor•SF6 Pressure
DG SETS
Single Line Diagram for Dehradun Campus
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Wind Power Generation Pattern in Rajasthan During 2011
Green Energy Corridor Report
• Large Capacity addition though renewable generation is envisaged in 12th Plan period
• Studies has been carried out by POWERGRID with demand projection in 12th Plan for Identification of transmission infrastructure for Renewable Capacity addition in 8 states: Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, A.P, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh , Rajasthan and J&K
• Evolved Transmission system strengthening has been categorized into two parts
– Intra State Transmission strengthening in STU network
– Inter State Transmission strengthening in ISTS network
• Provision of Dynamic Reactive Compensation for dynamic voltage support
Issues in Large Scale Renewable Integration
• Intermittency
• Variability / Uncertainty
• Plants connected at remote/concentrated locations with weak transmission network
• Renewable plants providing lesser grid support during system disturbances/exigencies
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Mitigating Measures for Large Scale Renewable Integration
Flexible generation, Ancillary Services for supply-balancing
Technical Standard Requirements (Grid code, Connectivity standards, Real time
monitoring etc.)
Demand Side management, Demand Response and Storage for load balancing
Forecasting of Renewable generation & Forecasting of Demand
PMUs/WAMS on pooling stations and interconnection with centralized control
centre for real time information, monitoring and control
Policy and Regulatory advocacy for power-balance market and pricing mechanism
Renewable Energy Management Centers (REMC)
STF-SG 24
Envisaged Wind & Solar Capacity addition by 2030
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Resource Present(GW)
2016-17(12th plan)
(GW)
2021-22(13th Plan)
(GW)
2026-27(14th Plan)
(GW)
2030 (mid 15th plan)
(GW)Wind 17 47 97 148 164
Solar 0.92 9.45 20 30 35
170.94
47
10.37
97
20
148
30
164
35
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
GW
Present 2016-17 2021-22 2026-27 2030
Wind
Solar
Smart Transmission
UNIFIED REAL TIME DYNAMIC STATE MEASUREMENT (URTDSM)
Phasor Measurements Units (PMU)–Power System measured states (Voltage/Current & Angle) and not estimates (20 - 40 milliseconds)–Dynamic system conditions via High Resolution Data (25 – 50 samples/sec)–Ability to compare due to Time Synchronized/stamped data(GPS) viz. voltage, current, angle etc.
Wide Area Monitoring Systems(WAMS) with high bandwidth communication (OPGW)
High resolution, time synchronized data, useful for calculation and monitoring
–% damping (inter-area and local area oscillations)–Measured sensitivities, such as V/P, /P–Angle Difference (between buses)–Transmission loadability
State-of-the-Art Technology (Synchrophasors)
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PMU Placement
PDC at NLDC
PDC at Back up NLDC
URTDSM System Hierarchy
Super PDCs at five RLDCs
Master PDCs at SLDCs
PMU -1
Router
PMU- n PMU -1
Router
PMU- n
Remote Consoles at CEA (1)
Remote Consoles at RPC (5), UT(3),
States(5)
PMU -1
Router
PMU- n
PMUs located at IPPs across the Grid
PMUs located at State Sector Substations
PMUs located at Central Sector Substations
300 Smart Meters300 Smart Meters
Present Status of Pilot
5 DCUs5 DCUs
Smart Grid Control Centre (MDAS/MDM)
Smart Grid Control Centre (MDAS/MDM)
Consumer Participation through consumer portal
DETAILS OF REAL TIME ALARMS OF THE CONSUMER METERS
ACTIVE REAL TIME CONTROL OF SMART METERS
Benefits
• Reduction in AT&C losses (from present 22.6% to 8.6%)
• Reduction in CO2 emission to about 87000 tons/annum (avoidable
capacity : 14 MW)-Clean Energy Development
• Enabling Energy Audit
• Reduction in cost of billing
• Remote load control
• Shifting of peak requirement to non-peak time (peak shaving)
• Facilitate integration of large scale renewable generation towards
Clean Energy Development
SMART GRID CONTROL CENTER AT PUDUCHERRY
Salient Features of Pilot Micro Grid
Development of Pilot Micro Grid system to cater to requirements of 30-35 households (100 kW) through multiple Distributed Energy Resources (DER) viz. Solar PV Wind Generation Biomass plant Energy Storage Devices (Battery)
• Design & Development of Micro Grid Central controller (MGCC) to regulate generation and load (Source/Load control)
• Demonstration of indigenous capability in development of eco friendly Micro Grid, a scalable and replicable model
MICROGRID LAYOUT
A
C
B
U
S
A
C
B
U
S
BIOMASS PLANT
Charge ControllerBATTERY UNITS
Solar PV Gen
GRID
WIND Gen
AMI AMI
LOAD LOAD
FEEDER 1
AMI AMI
LOAD LOAD
FEEDER 2
MGCC
MGCC: Micro Grid Central Controller
AMI: Advanced Metering Infrastructure
LV
REAL LIFE SMART
HOME
Real Life Smart Home
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Demonstration of “REAL LIFE SMART HOME”
Energy Efficient Home
Reduction of 33 units by : Central systems and smart applications
Electric heat pump, nanotechnologies and smart applications (eg, membrane in air-conditioning ,unit), energy-efficient lighting, home
control network
Reduction of 28 units by : Building fabrics
Insulation of roof and walls with aerogel, active windows, double-shell building
Reduction of 7 units by : Appliances and electronics
Includes appliances and electronics with most advanced potential for reducing energy consumption: advanced washing machines,
refrigerators, and freezers; energy-efficient televisions; and other electronics
Reduction of 20 units by Distributed generation
Solar-photovoltaic systems, mini-combined heat and power, microwind
Source: Battle for the home of the future: How utilities can win by McKinsey
Energy Efficiency • India World’s Fourth Largest Consumer
of electricity after USA, China & Russia
• India’s energy intensity ( Energy input per unit of GDP) – 0.62 kgoe / US $ in 2012 ( world 0.31 in 2009)
• Reduction in 1 MW consumption leads to saving 9 to 10 Crore by the utility₹
• Energy Consumption in household and commercial building is approx. 35 %
• Energy efficiency in the household consumption & commercial building can bring revolutionary change in sector
• As an estimate efficient use of household appliances reduces Peak Demand by 1.2 to 2.5 kW / Household
Energy Efficiency and conservation measures – Reduce Energy Consumption and Facilitate Sustainable development. Energy Efficiency and conservation measures – Reduce Energy Consumption and Facilitate Sustainable development.
Energy Efficient Home
Average Power Saving Through Energy Efficiency per House hold
Summar WinterPeak Demand
Reduction ( watt)1217 2485
Reduction in Monthly Consumption (kWh)
266 199
Value of Saving per House holdAverage Tariff ₹ 4.00 / Unit
Monthly Saving₹ 1,063 ₹ 796
Annual Saving ( Winter 4 months & Summer 8
Months) ₹ 11,688Annual Air pollution reduction( tonnes of
CO2)2.60
Investment per house hold ₹ 35000/-
Payback Period ~ 3 years
For an Urban Area of 1 Crore Household: •Peak Demand Reduces by at least ~ 12000 MW
•Energy Consumption Reduces by ~ 30 BU / annum
•26 million tonnes of CO2 reduction per annum
•Reduction in Infrastructure Investment by ₹ 1 Lakh
Cr by Utility.
Wind Power Generation Pattern in Tamil Nadu During 2011
STF-SG 44
Typical Transmission Arrangement of RE Generation Farm with Grid
Steering Committee Meet 46
GRIDTECH 2013 - InvitationGRIDTECH 2013 - Invitation
Student’s Innovation Pavilion
136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144
Stall 136-144 reserved for Collaborators of Pilot Smart Grid/City project (Total Area- 200 sq mtr, Stall area- 20 Sqm each)
POWERGRIDSmart Grid/City Exhibition Area
Back WallEntry
Hall No. -9 LayoutHall No. -9 Layout
Insight into Consumer Usage in Puducherry
DISCOVERY in the Field
AlertReceived
RESOLUTION
DISCOVERY in the Field
RESOLUTION
Insight into Consumer Usage in Puducherry
AlertReceived
Thank You
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