WHAT ARE SLUMS?

“Habitations located on disputed as well as unused government, municipal and private land and characterized by a serious lack of basic amenities and sanitation with dense and overcrowded housing conditions.

WHAT ARE SLUMS?

In other words...A Slum is taken to mean ‘hutting areas with squalid surroundings where:

Huts are erected in a haphazard manner without proper access.

Minimum basic amenities are lacking Protected water supply and drainage

arrangements do not exist.

REASONS OF SLUMS:

RESULTS OF SLUMS

PROBLEMS FACED BY PEOPLE

1. AMENITIES,WATER,SANITARY Lack of basic amenities like unclean drinking

water, proper housing, drainage and excreta disposable services.

Poor sanitary conditions and poor quality water lead to illness like diarrhoea and other water borne diseases affecting life of slum people.

PROBLEMS FACED BY PEOPLE

2. EMPLOYMENT High unemployment Small scale business Domestic violence

PROBLEMS FACED BY PEOPLE

3. CHILDREN IN SLUMS Many children in slums start working at a

very early age with no prospect of getting education due to poverty.

Child malnutrition is more common in slums than in non-slum areas.

HELP PROVIDED BY GOVERNMENT AND NGO

No help is provided by NGO’s Government provides help very often in the

following ways: Health camps(eye check up,dental check up,

etc.) Special camps for senior citizen and childrens. Camp organized for cancer

CHARACTERISTICS OF SLUMS

Slums are characteristics that vary from place to place

Slums are usually characterized by urban decay, high rates of poverty, and unemployment

They are commonly seen as "breeding grounds" for social problems such as crime, drug addiction, alcoholism, high rates of mental illness, and suicide

In many slums, especially in poor countries, many live in very narrow alleys that do not allow vehicles to pass

HEALTH RISKS TO SLUM PEOPLE

Contaminated water (cholera , typhoid, etc) Inadequate disposal of human wastes Wastewater and garbage Insects, pests (e.g. rats) and parasites in homes Insufficient living spaces, poor ventilation and

overcrowding Children at risk from traffic, unsafe or contaminated sites Indoor air pollution House sites vulnerable to landslides or floods Nutritional deficiencies No or inadequate health care and advice No emergency services High rates of mental illness and suicide AIDS

MAIN REASON FOR HOUSING PROBLEM

Increasing population Increasing pollution High demand of houses Increasing land cost Public health issues Sanitation problems Unplanned houses, etc…

GENDER INEQUALITY

Gender inequality refers to unequal treatment or perceptions of individuals based on their gender. It arises from differences in socially constructed gender roles as well as biologically through chromosomes, brain structure, and hormonal differences. Male children are seen as a blessing and indulged in many areas of Indian society. Girls are seen as a drain on precious resources as they will one day get married and their contribution towards the family will end. With that kind of start in life, it's difficult for women within the slums to find a voice.

WAY TO MINIMIZE THE SLUM PROBLEM:

To minimize poverty Increase per-capital income Consciousness about natural disaster Planning of rehabilitation Finance plus approach To make several slum units To meet their fundamental rights Governmental efforts To create more employment opportunities

ROLE OF SOCIAL WORKERS TO SOLVE THE SLUM PROBLEMS:

Community development Slum study Resource mobilization of slum dwellers Coordination among the different social

service agencies To make them awareness regarding social

problems