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Early diagnosis and prognosis in Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) with ASL‐MRI and serum metalloproteinase‐10:
A Spanish multi‐centre study
Nuria Garcia Fernandez, MD Ph.Nephrologist. Clinica Universidad de Navarra
Pamplona. SpainPARENCHIMA meeting – Prague, Oct 4th 2018
Research Centres:
Research team:• Dr. Nuria García Fernandez (IP, Nephrologist)• Dr. María A. Fernández‐Seara (Engineer, ASL‐MRI Expert)• Dr. José María Mora‐Gutierrez (Nephrologist), Páramo JA et al.
General Information
ClinicaUniversidad de
Navarra(CUN)
The Public Hospital of Navarra
Centre for Applied Medical Research (CIMA). University of Navarra
EvidenceEvidence
DKD is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD)
worldwide
DKD associates the highest risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality
ChallengesChallenges
Early diagnosis and proper follow‐up of DKD
To reduce cardiovascular risk and prevent the progression of DKD in
all patients.
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD)
Background of our studyThe hemodynamic and
metabolic pathways are functionally linked with the development of DKD
1 J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017;28:1023–39; 2 Endocrine, 2009;35:1‐103,4 Diabetologia. 2013;56:2743‐52; Kidney Int. 2010;78:1275‐80
Hemodynamic changes have been described in the early stages of DKD1
Extracellular matrix (ECM) dysregulation associated with disturbances of
metalloproteinases (MMPs) activityhas been involved in DKD2
High serum levels of MMP‐10 are associated with greater risk of DKD in type 1 diabetes and cardiovascular (CV) disease in chronic kidney disease3,4
AimsAims
ASL‐MRI could detect renal hemodynamic changes in diabetic patients, from early to
advanced stages of CKD
Circulating levels of MMP‐10 can be also used as an early biomarker of DKD and a follow‐up toolfor renal and CV disease in Type 2 DM (T2DM)
ImageBiomarker
MolecularBiomarker
Observational Sudy in T2D patients with different stages of DKD (from stage 1 to 5)
Study details (I)
1st Phase: Baseline assessment for image and molecular biomarkers
related to DKD
2nd Phase: Follow up of the cohort for both type of biomarkers but not only related to DKD but also
with the CV disease
Completed We are going to start the follow‐up
The inclusion criteria were: • Patients with type 2 diabetes (diagnosed at least 5 years ago) and aged 18 or older• Control subjects: normotensive and non‐diabetic subjects with normal renal function
and without Renin‐aldosterone system (RAS) inhibitor treatment
Completed Ongoing
Study details (II)
Serum MMP‐10 and othermolecular biomarkers
Total population
n=268 diabetic patients and 111 healthy controls ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐→
1st Phase: Baseline assessment for biomarkers related to DKD
2nd Phase: Follow of the cohort for both type of biomarkers but not only related to DKD but also
with the CV disease
Renal ASL‐MRI n= 44 diabetic patientsand 45 healthy controls
*Mora‐Gutiérrez JM, Garcia‐Fernandez N, et al. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2017;46(6):1810‐1817.
Renal Blood Flow (RBF) maps: (A) healthy volunteer; (B) diabetic subject. The color scale represents RBF in units of ml/min/100 g
Cortical Renal perfusion
“Arterial Spin Labeling” (ASL)
Renal ASL‐RMI results from the Baseline Assesment (I)
RBF patients vs controls
28% reduction in cortical RBF was seen in diabetics in comparison with
healthy controls
RBF data in all study groups: controls and patients by stage of CKD
1Garcia‐Fernandez N, et al. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2017;46(6):1810‐1817.
Renal ASL‐RMI results from the Baseline Assesment (II)
*** p<0.001
** p<0.01; * p<0.05
eGFR >60 CKD stages 1‐2
eGFR 31‐60CKD stage 3
eGFR <30CKD stage 4‐5
RBF reduction in patients compared with healthy controls was detected since early stages of DKD and increased across different stages of chronic
kidney disease
*eGFR was calculated by the CKD‐EPI cystatin C formula
RBF and GFR* Correlation
Correlation of RBF quantified by ASL and GFR estimated by cystatin C formula was found
Renal ASL‐RMI results from the Baseline Assesment (III)
1Garcia‐Fernandez N, et al. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2017;46(6):1810‐1817.
r = 0.62, p < 0.0001
MMP‐10 in type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) and healthy subjects
*p<0.05; **p<0.01 ***p<0.001.
Control T2DM
MM
P-10
(pg
/ml)
*
Data in review
MMP‐10 levels in patients vs controls MMP‐10 levels in all study groups: controls and patients by stage of CKD
CO Grupo 1 Grupo 2 Grupo 3 Grupo 4
***
***
**
***
pg/m
lMMP‐10
(pg/mL)
n=89eGFR >90, stage 1;
n=97eGFR 60‐90 stage 2;
n=54eGFR 30‐60 stage 3;
n=28eGFR <30 stage 4‐5;
A significant increase in MMP‐10 levels was seen in diabetics in comparison with
healthy controls
Increased levels of MMP‐10 were found even at early stages of DKD, despite no significant impairment in glomerular filtration rate and,
they kept increasing as DKD progressed
1st Phase Conclusions
Renal ASL‐MRI is able to quantify early hemodynamic impairment in diabetes, as well as changes according to different CKD stages of DKD
Also, there is a correlation between RBF and GFR estimated using cystatin C
Serum MMP‐10 levels are useful biomarkers not only of earlydiagnosis but also of progression of DKD
Completed Ongoing
In the near future…Phase 2
Serum MMP‐10 and othermolecular biomarkers
Total population
n=268 diabetic patients and 111 healthy controls ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐→
1st Phase: Baseline assessment for biomarkers related to DKD
2nd Phase: Follow up of the cohort for both type of biomarkers but not only related to DKD but also
with the CV disease
Renal blood flowby ASL‐MRI
n= 44 diabetic patientsand 45 healthy controls
For the total population we are goingto check the predictive value ofMMP‐10 related to DKD and also
CV disease
Renal and Cardiac ASL Study will be only done to 70 patients out of the whole cohort
(stage 3 CKD) 3‐Tesla: Siemens Skyra
Collaborative Proposal in DKD Research
ASL-MRI StudyASL-MRI Molecular
Biomarkers
European Comission: New Open Calls: https://www.euresearch.ch/en/european‐programmes/calls‐for‐proposals/new‐open‐calls/European Renal Association ‐ European Dialysis and Transplant AssociationERA‐EDTA RESEARCH PROGRAMME: http://web.era‐edta.org/research‐programmeEuropean Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (EFSD): http://www.europeandiabetesfoundation.org/