[slideshare]fiqh course#8-bid'ah-clarification(2011)

““INTRODUCTION TO THE INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF STUDY OF FIQH FIQH ””

Intermediate Level Islamic course in English for AdultsIntermediate Level Islamic course in English for Adultsconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismailconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail

IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST COMPASSIONATE,MOST MERCIFUL.MOST MERCIFUL.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011))

LESSON # 8 – LESSON # 8 – CONTROVERSIESCONTROVERSIES

BID’AH – A CLARIFICATIONBID’AH – A CLARIFICATIONAnd say: O Lord! Increase for me my knowledge

Using text & curriculum he has developed especially for Using text & curriculum he has developed especially for Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims. Muslim converts and young Adult English-speaking Muslims.

““To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”

““O ye who believe! Obey Allah and obey the O ye who believe! Obey Allah and obey the

Messenger and those charged with authority Messenger and those charged with authority

from among you (from among you (ulil-’amri min-kumulil-’amri min-kum).”).”

((Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 59Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 59))

All Rights Reserved© Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011)

““Be not like those who are divided amongst Be not like those who are divided amongst

themselves and fall into disputations after receiving themselves and fall into disputations after receiving

Clear signs; for them is a dreadful penalty.―”Clear signs; for them is a dreadful penalty.―”

((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 105Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 105))


““... Ask from those who possess the Message (az-Zikr : ... Ask from those who possess the Message (az-Zikr :

the remembrance) in matters which you do not know.“the remembrance) in matters which you do not know.“

((Qur’an: al-Nahlu: 16: 43Qur’an: al-Nahlu: 16: 43))


““You are to hear and obey, even if your commander You are to hear and obey, even if your commander

(authorized to lead you) is an Ethiopian (slave). Verily, (authorized to lead you) is an Ethiopian (slave). Verily,

those amongst you who lives long will see much those amongst you who lives long will see much

dissensions. Thus, holdfast to my dissensions. Thus, holdfast to my SunnahSunnah (ways or (ways or

teachings) and the teachings) and the SunnahSunnah (ways) of my rightly-guided (ways) of my rightly-guided

successors (successors (Khulafa’ rashidunKhulafa’ rashidun) after me, and bite upon ) after me, and bite upon

them (hold tightly to this teaching). Avoid new them (hold tightly to this teaching). Avoid new

(innovated) matters, for ((innovated) matters, for (KULLKULL) every innovation () every innovation (BID’AHBID’AH) )

is misguidance (is misguidance (DOLALAHDOLALAH).”).”

((Hadith from Jabir r.a. reported by Abu Dawud and Tirmidzi)Hadith from Jabir r.a. reported by Abu Dawud and Tirmidzi)


““To proceed, verily the most truthful of sayings To proceed, verily the most truthful of sayings

is the Book of Allah, and the most favored of is the Book of Allah, and the most favored of

guidance is the guidance of Muhammad, and the guidance is the guidance of Muhammad, and the

most evil of affairs (most evil of affairs (SHAR-RAL-’UMURSHAR-RAL-’UMUR) are matters ) are matters

newly begun (newly begun (MUMUHHDATHUHADATHUHA), and every new ), and every new

affairs is innovation (affairs is innovation (BID’AHBID’AH), and (), and (KULLKULL) every ) every

innovation (innovation (BID’AHBID’AH) is misguidance () is misguidance (DOLAALAHDOLAALAH), ),

and every misguidance will be in Hell-fire.”and every misguidance will be in Hell-fire.”

((Hadith from Jabir r.a. reported by MuslimHadith from Jabir r.a. reported by Muslim))



The word - - ( al-BID’AH) in Arabic means

“Introduction or creating something totally new without

there being any precedence before it”. Thus Allah SWT

said:

““To Him is due the primal origin of the heavens and the earth”To Him is due the primal origin of the heavens and the earth”

((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 117Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 117))

Thus, although this term has also been used loosely to

mean something new, or an innovation not totally without

a preceding basis - only ‘new’ in the form or method of

manifesting the principle already established.

Thus difference of opinion occur when Muslims respond to

these questions:

“Are all BID’AH detested and disallowed (forbidden)?”

“Can BID’AH be categorised as BID’AH HASSANAH and

BID’AH SAY-YI’AH?”



In the Hadith, since the phrase (UMURU MUHDATHUHA)

“all newly begun matter” comes after phrase asserting the

pre-eminence of the Qur’an and as-Sunnah, it imply that

the “new” here is matter completely detached from these.

The phrase does not and cannot specifically mean “all”

without exception, but it must be a general statement

referring only to those new matters that does not have any

Shari’ah basis at all, or religious sanctions regarding its

validity and permissibility.


Unfortunately, there are some who insisted the “all”

here must mean every new matter where the Prophet has

never done or known to have approved.

Thus they often declare others as being astray because

they differ in their understanding of what is definition of

“BID’AH”, as well as does the word (KULL) used in

Qur’an and Ahadith always means “all” without exception?

Majority of Islamic scholars do not insist on this rigid

literal interpretation.


To insist otherwise is to negate the very spirit of the

SHARI’AH, which requires that its principle teachings

(although unchanging) be expanded and relevantly applied

throughout evolving human life – as borne out in history as

achieved by the Islamic civilization - which requires

innovations and the innovative genius of the Muslims.

This is further clarified with the Prophet’s appreciation

and encouragement to a SAHABIY who introduced a good

way (sunnah hasanah) implying something ‘new’, a novelty.

““Whosoever introduces a way in Islam a good practice Whosoever introduces a way in Islam a good practice

((sunnah hasanahsunnah hasanah), for him will be the reward for ), for him will be the reward for

(introducing) it, as well as (given the same) reward as (introducing) it, as well as (given the same) reward as

others who follow and practice that good act, till the day others who follow and practice that good act, till the day

of judgment.of judgment.

And whosoever introduces a bad practice (And whosoever introduces a bad practice (sunnah sayyi-sunnah sayyi-

atat), for him will be the sin for (introducing) it, as well as ), for him will be the sin for (introducing) it, as well as

(given the same) sins as others who follow and commit (given the same) sins as others who follow and commit

that bad practice, till the day of judgment ”that bad practice, till the day of judgment ”

((Hadith reported by MuslimHadith reported by Muslim))


Some say that this encouragement is in ‘worldly’

(DUNYAWI) matters and does not involve the ‘religion’

(DEENIYAT). This argument is problematic as it still

indicates that there can be exception to the term

“KULL” by giving another type of categorization. Yet, can

a Muslim’s worldly life be dichotomised from his religion?

Statements in the Qur’an and Ahadith, which literally

imply a generalization, is not always absolute without

there being exceptions.


Majority of Islamic scholars are very careful not to infer

statements of generalization as though it is absolute

without there being exception.

In this case, the word (KULL) meaning “every” here,

most Islamic scholars does not understand this to mean an

absolute “all” new matters, but must mean “most” new

matters. Those matters which contradicts or are opposed

to the principle teachings of the Qur’an and “As-Sunnah”.


If it were not to be so, than the second Hadith would be

contradictory because it states that “Whosoever introduces Whosoever introduces

a way in Islam a good practice” a way in Islam a good practice” cannot mean a thing not cannot mean a thing not

known to the Prophet s.a.w. but implies something new known to the Prophet s.a.w. but implies something new

which is consistent with Sunnah – “which is consistent with Sunnah – “sunnah hasanahsunnah hasanah”.”.

Some may seek a basis to substantiate this argument, that

the word - “KULL” does not mean “all”. The

following is an example where this term is used in the

Qur’an :


““But when they forget the warning they had received, We opened But when they forget the warning they had received, We opened

to them the gates of all (good) things (to them the gates of all (good) things (KULLI-SHAI’KULLI-SHAI’), until, in the ), until, in the

midst of their enjoyment of Our gifts, on a sudden, We called them midst of their enjoyment of Our gifts, on a sudden, We called them

to account, when lo! they were plunged in despair!”to account, when lo! they were plunged in despair!”

((Qur’an: An-’am: 6: 44Qur’an: An-’am: 6: 44) )

Obviously one door of goodness (the exception), which

was not opened for them, was the door of Mercy .


Still we need to respect those who hold to differing view

and regard the “KULL” to mean “every”. This is

because this issue of “BID’AHBID’AH” is a “KHILAAFIYAH” .

As regard the “BID’AH” that is deemed misguidance

(DOLAALAH) agreed to by all – are those that pertains to

innovated matters of AQEEDAH and ‘IBAADAH , which

cannot be substantiated at al with revelation (Qur’an and

as-Sunnah) or its principles as agreed by the FUQAHA’

guided by the following:



“The first principle ruling regarding formal worship (rites) is by

TAUQIF (reliance upon revelations) and in following (the command).”

“The first principle ruling regarding formal worship (rites) is that it be deemed

BAATIL (invalid - cannot be followed) until there is a clear proof (basis) of its

command.”


“The first principle ruling regarding matters of ‘ADAT (ways, practices ,

methods and customs) is that they are deemed permissible,”

“The first principle ruling regarding contracts and social transactions is

that they are deemed valid, until there is clear proof (basis) that it is

BAATIL (invalid) or HARAM (illegal – forbidden)”

“O ye who believe! Obey Allah and obey the Messenger and those charged

with authority among you. If ye differ in anything among yourselves, refer

it to Allah and His Messenger if ye do believe in Allah and the Last Day:

that is best, and most suitable for final determination.”

(Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 59)


““What! have they partners (in godhead), who have established for What! have they partners (in godhead), who have established for

them some religion without the permission of Allah?”them some religion without the permission of Allah?”

((Qur’an: Shura: 46: 21Qur’an: Shura: 46: 21))


““Whoever practices (in this religion) a practice which is not based Whoever practices (in this religion) a practice which is not based

upon what we have commanded, that practice is rejected.” upon what we have commanded, that practice is rejected.”

((Hadith reported by Bukhary and AhmadHadith reported by Bukhary and Ahmad))


““Whoever innovates (bring about a new ways) in our affairs (of Whoever innovates (bring about a new ways) in our affairs (of

religion) which has no basis (from its teachings), it is rejected.” religion) which has no basis (from its teachings), it is rejected.”

((Hadith reported by Bukhary and AhmadHadith reported by Bukhary and Ahmad))


AND ALLAH KNOWS ALLAND ALLAH KNOWS ALL

““O ye who believe! if you are conscious of and fear Allah O ye who believe! if you are conscious of and fear Allah

((TAQWATAQWA), He will grant you a criterion (), He will grant you a criterion (FURQANFURQAN-to judge -to judge

between right and wrong), remove from you (all) evil (that may between right and wrong), remove from you (all) evil (that may

afflict) you, and forgive you: for Allah is the Lord of grace afflict) you, and forgive you: for Allah is the Lord of grace

unbounded.”unbounded.”

((Qur’an: Anfaal: 8: 29Qur’an: Anfaal: 8: 29))

REMEMBER THIS IMPORTANT COMMANDREMEMBER THIS IMPORTANT COMMAND


ALLAA-HUM-MA – ARI-NAL-HAQ-QA - HAQ-QANWAR- ZUQ-NAT - TI-BAA- ’A

WA-ARI-NAL – BAA-TWILA – BAA-TWI-LAANWAR-ZUQ-NAJ – TI –NAA - BAH

““O Allah! Make us to see the Truth to be true O Allah! Make us to see the Truth to be true and grant us ability to follow it.and grant us ability to follow it.And make us see Falsehood to be false and grant us the ability to And make us see Falsehood to be false and grant us the ability to reject it.”reject it.”

IMPORTANT DU’AIMPORTANT DU’A


http://an-naseehah.blogspot.com/http://an-naseehah.blogspot.com/

http://introductiontotauhid.blogspot.com/http://introductiontotauhid.blogspot.com/

http://oyoubelievers.blogspot.com/http://oyoubelievers.blogspot.com/

http://al-amthaal.blogspot.com/http://al-amthaal.blogspot.com/

http://zhulkeflee-archive.blogspot.com/ http://zhulkeflee-archive.blogspot.com/

http://criteriaforaholybook-quran.blogspot.com/http://criteriaforaholybook-quran.blogspot.com/

http://with-the-truthful.blogspot.com/ http://with-the-truthful.blogspot.com/

http ://muqaddam-nurul.blogspot.com/http ://muqaddam-nurul.blogspot.com/

All welcome to visit my web-blog:All welcome to visit my web-blog:

29All Rights Reserved© Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2011)

[slideshare]fiqh course#8-bid'ah-clarification(2011)

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ustaz zhulkeflee hj

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