slideshare (lesson#6a)tauheed-course-(batch#5-aug-dec-2015)-shirk-types-categories-(14-oct-2015)

Using curriculum he has developed especially for English-speakingUsing curriculum he has developed especially for English-speakingMuslim converts and young English-speaking Adult Muslims. Muslim converts and young English-speaking Adult Muslims.

““To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”

IT CAN ALSO BE A IT CAN ALSO BE A REFRESHER COURSE REFRESHER COURSE

FOR MUSLIM FOR MUSLIM PARENTS, EDUCATORS, PARENTS, EDUCATORS,

IN CONTEMPORARY IN CONTEMPORARY SINGAPORE. SINGAPORE. OPEN TO ALLOPEN TO ALL

IN THE NAME OF ALLAHIN THE NAME OF ALLAHMOST COMPASIONATEMOST COMPASIONATEMOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL # 6a# 6a

For further information and registration contact EFor further information and registration contact E-mail : -mail : [email protected] +65 81234669 / +65 96838279or +65 81234669 / +65 96838279

LESSON

““INTRODUCTION TO STUDY OF INTRODUCTION TO STUDY OF TAUTAUHHEED – (AQA’ID)EED – (AQA’ID)””

Intermediate Level Islamic course in English for AdultsIntermediate Level Islamic course in English for Adultsconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismailconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail

BATCH - #5

[AUGUST-DEC-2015]

Updated 14 October 2015Updated 14 October 2015

18 weekly class starting: 18 weekly class starting: 12th AUGUST 2015 12th AUGUST 2015 Every Wadnesday night @ 8pm – 10pmEvery Wadnesday night @ 8pm – 10pmWisma Indah, 450 Changi Road, Wisma Indah, 450 Changi Road,

#02-00 next to Masjid Kassim#02-00 next to Masjid Kassim

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2015))

ULUHIYYAH-’UBUDIYYAHULUHIYYAH-’UBUDIYYAH WHAT IS “WHAT IS “SHIRKSHIRK” ?” ? TYPES OR CATEGORIES OF “ TYPES OR CATEGORIES OF “SHIRKSHIRK” ?” ?

mailto:[email protected]

TO CONTINUETO CONTINUE


TAUTAUHHEEDEED (Attesting to the Oneness of God), is not merely knowledge (Attesting to the Oneness of God), is not merely knowledge

but must be a ‘but must be a ‘convictionconviction’ which one becomes totally committed to.’ which one becomes totally committed to.

How, or what then is required of those who claim to believe?How, or what then is required of those who claim to believe?

Alas, some people may claim to study ‘Alas, some people may claim to study ‘TAUTAUHHEEDEED’, but they are not ’, but they are not

necessarily a “necessarily a “MUWAAMUWAAHHEEDEED” (” (one who attest to the Oneness of Allahone who attest to the Oneness of Allah).).


The opposite co-relation when we use the term “The opposite co-relation when we use the term “ROBBROBB” (” (Lord, Lord,

Sustainer, NourisherSustainer, Nourisher etc.) is connected to the term etc.) is connected to the term ’ABIID’ABIID - plural from - plural from

singular – singular – ‘ABD ‘ABD ( meaning ( meaning “ “ Slave, servant, devotee or worshipperSlave, servant, devotee or worshipper”.)”.)

One may acknowledge Allah as “One may acknowledge Allah as “ROBBROBB”, but if he does not regard ”, but if he does not regard

himself as Allah’s “himself as Allah’s “slaveslave”, then such ‘”, then such ‘acknowledgementacknowledgement’ is false and ’ is false and

meaningless. Nay, it may be regarded as a ‘mockery’.meaningless. Nay, it may be regarded as a ‘mockery’.


Thus the implication of the awareness of “Thus the implication of the awareness of “TAUTAUHHEED AL- ULUHIYYAHEED AL- ULUHIYYAH” ”

and “and “TAUTAUHHEED AR-RUBUBIYYAHEED AR-RUBUBIYYAH” must lead us to consider the true ” must lead us to consider the true

purpose of our existence, as only to become the “purpose of our existence, as only to become the “ ’ABIID ’ABIID ” (” (slaves, slaves,

devotees, servants or worshippersdevotees, servants or worshippers) of Allah SWT. ) of Allah SWT.


WHY HAVE WE BEEN CREATED ?WHY HAVE WE BEEN CREATED ?

Allah SWT reveals: Allah SWT reveals:



Allah SWT reveals: Allah SWT reveals:

““I have only created I have only created jinnsjinns and men, that they may serve and men, that they may serve

((worshipworship) Me. ) Me. No sustenance do I require of them nor do No sustenance do I require of them nor do

I require that they should feed Me. For Allah is He Who I require that they should feed Me. For Allah is He Who

gives (all) Sustenance― Lord of Power, Steadfast (forever).”gives (all) Sustenance― Lord of Power, Steadfast (forever).”

((Qur’an: Adzaariyat: 51: 56-58Qur’an: Adzaariyat: 51: 56-58))




The innermost purpose of the creation of all rational beings is their The innermost purpose of the creation of all rational beings is their

cognition (cognition (MA’RIFAHMA’RIFAH) of the existence of God – by way of attaining ) of the existence of God – by way of attaining

certainty (certainty (IIMANIIMAN) with knowledge () with knowledge (‘ILM‘ILM) of the Truth and Reality ) of the Truth and Reality

((HAQQIQAHHAQQIQAH), and hence, their conscious willingness to conform to their ), and hence, their conscious willingness to conform to their

own existence to whatever they perceive of His will and plan with acts own existence to whatever they perceive of His will and plan with acts

((‘AMAL‘AMAL) of obedience () of obedience (ASLAMAASLAMA).).

It is the two-fold concept of ‘worship’ (It is the two-fold concept of ‘worship’ (‘IBAADAH‘IBAADAH) – to know and to act, ) – to know and to act,

as in servitude of a slave (‘as in servitude of a slave (‘ABDABD) to his Lord Master () to his Lord Master (ROBBROBB).).

In matters of our (In matters of our (‘IBAADAH ‘IBAADAH or or ‘UBUDIYYAH‘UBUDIYYAH) – Worship and servitude, ) – Worship and servitude,

it is only to Allah, Who Alone is for us “it is only to Allah, Who Alone is for us “AL-MA’-BUUD AL-MA’-BUUD ” (“” (“the One, unto the One, unto

Whom we direct our worship or prayer toWhom we direct our worship or prayer to” ), which we assert to be ” ), which we assert to be

different from objects worshipped by others, because it is Allah, the different from objects worshipped by others, because it is Allah, the

Only One Who rightfully deserves to be Worshipped.Only One Who rightfully deserves to be Worshipped.


Note the distinction between the “Note the distinction between the “Divine BeingDivine Being” (” (ILAAHILAAH) and “) and “that that

which is worshippedwhich is worshipped” (” (MA’-BUDMA’-BUD).).

Although it is correct to state:Although it is correct to state:

There is no There is no “ILAAH” “ILAAH” (god i.e. One Who is Divine) (god i.e. One Who is Divine)

except Allah.except Allah.

But we cannot, or it is in fact wrong, to say: But we cannot, or it is in fact wrong, to say:

There is no There is no “MA’-BUUD” “MA’-BUUD” (that which is worshipped) (that which is worshipped)



To use the term To use the term ““MA’-BUUD MA’-BUUD ””, we have to qualify with , we have to qualify with

the term ( the term ( BI-HAQQI BI-HAQQI ) :) :

There is no There is no “MA’-BUUD” “MA’-BUUD” (BI-HAQQI - ) (BI-HAQQI - )

that is that is rightfully rightfully ( to be worshipped )( to be worshipped )



Thus it is that we reject notion of transcendental unity of religion, that Thus it is that we reject notion of transcendental unity of religion, that

certain people advocate, because even those claiming to be certain people advocate, because even those claiming to be

‘‘monotheistsmonotheists’ may not even adhere to the same notion or criteria of ’ may not even adhere to the same notion or criteria of

““TAUTAUHHEEDEED” advocated by all the Prophets of Allah (peace and blessings ” advocated by all the Prophets of Allah (peace and blessings

be upon them all). What more those already referred to as be upon them all). What more those already referred to as

MUSHRIKEENMUSHRIKEEN or with similar paganist belief. or with similar paganist belief.

Allah SWT commands us to say to the Allah SWT commands us to say to the KAAFIRUNKAAFIRUN ( (unbelievers, or those unbelievers, or those

who reject faithwho reject faith) :) :


Say: “O ye that reject Faith! I worship not that which Say: “O ye that reject Faith! I worship not that which

ye worship. Nor will ye worship that which I worship. ye worship. Nor will ye worship that which I worship.

And I will not worship that which ye have been wont to And I will not worship that which ye have been wont to

worship. Nor will ye worship that which I worship. To worship. Nor will ye worship that which I worship. To

you be your Way, and to me mine.”you be your Way, and to me mine.”

Qur’an: al-Kaafirun: 109: 1-6Qur’an: al-Kaafirun: 109: 1-6))


TAUTAUHHEED AL-ULUHIYYAHEED AL-ULUHIYYAH : To assert that only : To assert that only AllahAllah alone is the God alone is the God

((al-ilaahal-ilaah), we must first reject any other (false deities which people ), we must first reject any other (false deities which people

may ascribe) to be God.may ascribe) to be God.

““LAA-ILAA-HA -IL-LALLAH”LAA-ILAA-HA -IL-LALLAH”


NOTE:NOTE:

In this statement it contains 2 aspects:In this statement it contains 2 aspects:

[1] [1] NAFI NAFI – Negation– Negation

[2] [2] ITSBAT ITSBAT - Affirmation - Affirmation


This statement of This statement of TAUTAUHHEEDEED in Islam is concise, yet explicit and clear, as in Islam is concise, yet explicit and clear, as

it firstly removes any ambiguity by negating all ‘it firstly removes any ambiguity by negating all ‘othersothers’ which mankind ’ which mankind

may have erroneously regarded as god (gods or goddesses), prior to may have erroneously regarded as god (gods or goddesses), prior to

asserting that Allah SWT is the Only God.asserting that Allah SWT is the Only God.


If the negation aspect is not done, our notion of the Absolute Oneness If the negation aspect is not done, our notion of the Absolute Oneness

of Allah, indeed, would be compromised. of Allah, indeed, would be compromised.

Without which, Without which, syncretismsyncretism ( combining different and contradictory ( combining different and contradictory

beliefs of other religion with Islam ), may occur.beliefs of other religion with Islam ), may occur.


This “This “negation-assertionnegation-assertion” process, teaches us Muslims that, to be ” process, teaches us Muslims that, to be

worshippers or devotees (‘worshippers or devotees (‘AABIDAABID) of Allah, we must also be wary of ) of Allah, we must also be wary of

every falsehood, which we are to consciously negate or deny, in order every falsehood, which we are to consciously negate or deny, in order

to assert (purely and sincerely) the Truth of the Absolute Oneness of to assert (purely and sincerely) the Truth of the Absolute Oneness of

Allah.Allah.


TAUTAUHHEEDEED in Allah SWT must be opposed to in Allah SWT must be opposed to SHIRKSHIRK

OnlyOnly ALLAH alone ALLAH alone is to be regarded as God (is to be regarded as God (DivineDivine)),, whilst all others whilst all others

are termedare termed ““TAGHUTTAGHUT.”.”


Therefore to have the knowledge of Therefore to have the knowledge of what opposes TAUwhat opposes TAUHHEEDEED is also is also

necessary (obligatory). necessary (obligatory).

We shall have to also learn to identify what are the “We shall have to also learn to identify what are the “TAGHUTTAGHUT “ and “ and

what constitute “what constitute “SHIRKSHIRK””, so that we can avoid them all., so that we can avoid them all.


Allah SWT alludes to these in the Qur’an:Allah SWT alludes to these in the Qur’an:

For We assuredly sent amongst every People a messenger, For We assuredly sent amongst every People a messenger,

(with the Command) "Serve (worship) Allah, and eschew the (with the Command) "Serve (worship) Allah, and eschew the

‘‘TaghutTaghut’ ’ ** (False gods, all powers of Evil)“ (False gods, all powers of Evil)“

((Qur’an: An-Nahlu: 16: 36Qur’an: An-Nahlu: 16: 36))


“whoever rejects ‘‘TaghutTaghut’ ’ ** (False gods, all powers of Evil) (False gods, all powers of Evil) and

believes in Allah hath grasped the most trustworthy hand-hold,

that never breaks. And Allah heareth and knoweth all things.”

((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 256Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 256))


“Allah is the (Waliyy) Protector of those who have faith: from the

depths of darkness, He will lead them forth into light.”

((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 257Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 257))


““Verily Allah does not forgive the Verily Allah does not forgive the ascribing of divinity to ascribing of divinity to

aught besides Him aught besides Him (i.e. commit (i.e. commit SHIRKSHIRK **) , although He ) , although He

forgives any lesser sin unto whomever He wills; for he who forgives any lesser sin unto whomever He wills; for he who

ascribes divinity to aught besides Allah (ascribes divinity to aught besides Allah (SHIRK SHIRK ** ) has indeed ) has indeed

contrived an awesome sin.”contrived an awesome sin.”

((Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 48Qur’an: An-Nisa’: 4: 48))All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2015))

Behold, Luqman said to his son admonishing him: "O my son! Join Behold, Luqman said to his son admonishing him: "O my son! Join

not in not in worship (others) with Allahworship (others) with Allah: for ascribing partners to Allah : for ascribing partners to Allah

i.e. false worship (i.e. false worship (SHIRK SHIRK **) is indeed the highest wrong-doing.“ ) is indeed the highest wrong-doing.“

((Qur’an: Luqman: 31: 13Qur’an: Luqman: 31: 13))


““They disbelieve(commit They disbelieve(commit KUFRKUFR) who say: Allah ) who say: Allah is one of is one of

three three in a in a TrinityTrinity: for there is no god except One God. If they : for there is no god except One God. If they

desist not from their word (of desist not from their word (of blasphemyblasphemy), verily a grievous ), verily a grievous

penalty will befall the penalty will befall the blasphemers among themblasphemers among them. Why turn . Why turn

they not to Allah and seek His forgiveness? For Allah is Oft-they not to Allah and seek His forgiveness? For Allah is Oft-

Forgiving, Most Merciful.” Forgiving, Most Merciful.”

((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 5: 73-74Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 5: 73-74))


Say: "O people of the Book! come to common terms as

between us and you: that we worship none but Allah;

that we associate no partners with Him; that we erect

not from among ourselves Lords and patrons other than

Allah." If then they turn back, say: ye! "Bear witness that

we (at least) are Muslims (bowing to Allah's will).“ “

((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 64Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 64))


The term “The term “ “ pronounce ‘“ pronounce ‘SHIRKSHIRK’ – means “’ – means “partner; partner;

associate; one who shares; etcassociate; one who shares; etc.”.”

Therefore in Islam we refer this to the sin of : Therefore in Islam we refer this to the sin of :

“ “associating or ascribing to Allah others, as partners associating or ascribing to Allah others, as partners .”.”““falsely setting up or ascribing partners to falsely setting up or ascribing partners to God from amongst the tangible objects or God from amongst the tangible objects or imaginary things in creation or conceived in imaginary things in creation or conceived in the mind, which they regard to be also the mind, which they regard to be also ‘Divine’ and directing to it, as object of their ‘Divine’ and directing to it, as object of their worship (worship (MA’BUDMA’BUD).”).”



associate; one who shares; etc.”associate; one who shares; etc.”


“ “associating or ascribing to Allah others, as partners associating or ascribing to Allah others, as partners .”.”

The sin of "The sin of "SHIRKSHIRK “ is in the ‘ “ is in the ‘ belief belief ’ not merely ’ not merely

the ‘the ‘outward actionoutward action.’ .’


CONSIDER ALSO THESE QUR’ANIC VERSES

“ “And when We said unto the angels: ‘Prostrate (And when We said unto the angels: ‘Prostrate (SUJUD - SAJDAHSUJUD - SAJDAH) )

yourselves before Adam,’ they fell prostrate, all save Iblis. He yourselves before Adam,’ they fell prostrate, all save Iblis. He

demurred through pride, and so became a disbeliever.” demurred through pride, and so became a disbeliever.”

((Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 34Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 34) )

Thus here it indicate that there are two different kinds of Thus here it indicate that there are two different kinds of SUJD-SAJDAHSUJD-SAJDAH. In this verse . In this verse

was the command of was the command of SUJUDSUJUD which is not to worship, but that of respect . which is not to worship, but that of respect .



““And whoso And whoso magnifies the sacred things of Allahmagnifies the sacred things of Allah, it will , it will

be well for him in the sight of his Lord. The cattle are be well for him in the sight of his Lord. The cattle are

lawful unto you save that which hath been told you. So lawful unto you save that which hath been told you. So

shun the filth of idols, and shun lying speech”shun the filth of idols, and shun lying speech”

((Qur’an: Hajj: 22: 30Qur’an: Hajj: 22: 30) )

YU-’AZEEM - YU-’AZEEM - “he magnifies, held in honour” “he magnifies, held in honour”

HHURUMAA-TILLAAHURUMAA-TILLAAH - “what is regarded as sacred, or consecrated for Allah ” - “what is regarded as sacred, or consecrated for Allah ”

Thus, those who accuse other Muslims of Thus, those who accuse other Muslims of SHIRKSHIRK merely because they had shown respect or holding merely because they had shown respect or holding

in honour Islamic symbols etc. - are ignorantly unjust (in honour Islamic symbols etc. - are ignorantly unjust (ZOLIMZOLIM) . Such ) . Such FITNAHFITNAH had even led to the had even led to the

killings of many innocent Muslims (even well-known Ulama’ were not spared) and it has led to killings of many innocent Muslims (even well-known Ulama’ were not spared) and it has led to

and continue to be used as ‘justification’ for destructions of many precious Islamic heritage.and continue to be used as ‘justification’ for destructions of many precious Islamic heritage.



“That (is the command). And whoso magnifies (hold in

reverence) the offerings consecrated to Allah (SHI-’AAR), it

surely is from devotion of the hearts (TAQWA-AL-QULUUB).”

(Qur’an: Hajj: 22: 32)

Clearly, this verse linked and in fact praises (approves) such attitude in Muslim of (Clearly, this verse linked and in fact praises (approves) such attitude in Muslim of (YU-’AZZEEMYU-’AZZEEM) )

magnifying or holding in reverence such symbols (magnifying or holding in reverence such symbols (SHI-’AARSHI-’AAR) to be emanating from sense of ) to be emanating from sense of

consciousness of Allah - consciousness of Allah - TAQWALLAAHTAQWALLAAH. Not condemning them as though committing . Not condemning them as though committing SHIRKSHIRK..



“Turning unto Allah (only), not ascribing partners unto

Him (SHIRK) ; for whoso ascribes partners unto Allah, it is

as if he had fallen from the sky and the birds had

snatched him or the wind had blown him to a far-off

place.”

(Qur’an: Hajj: 22: 31)

HHUNAFAA-A LILLAAH UNAFAA-A LILLAAH - “being true in faith to Allah”- “being true in faith to Allah”

GHOY-RA MUGHOY-RA MUSHSH-RIKEEN -RIKEEN - “not acribing partners- - “not acribing partners- SHIRKSHIRK””

These These phrasesphrases indicate that indicate that SHIRKSHIRK resides in ones belief not in the act, resides in ones belief not in the act,

so check the belief . Thus a so check the belief . Thus a MUWAMUWAHHEEDEED not only can show reverence, not only can show reverence,

respect or magnify sacred symbols related to Islam, but are even required to do so. respect or magnify sacred symbols related to Islam, but are even required to do so.



“ “And he (Yusuf) placed his parents on the dais and And he (Yusuf) placed his parents on the dais and

they fell down before him prostrate (they fell down before him prostrate (SUJD’SUJD’), and he ), and he

said: O my father! This is the interpretation of my said: O my father! This is the interpretation of my

dream of old. My Lord hath made it true, and He dream of old. My Lord hath made it true, and He

hath shown me kindness, since He took me out of hath shown me kindness, since He took me out of

the prison and hath brought you from the desert the prison and hath brought you from the desert

after Satan had made strife between me and my after Satan had made strife between me and my

brethren. Lo! my Lord is tender unto whom He will. brethren. Lo! my Lord is tender unto whom He will.

He is the Knower, the Wise.” He is the Knower, the Wise.”

((Qur’an: Yusuf: 12: 100Qur’an: Yusuf: 12: 100))



associate; one who shares; etcassociate; one who shares; etc.”.”


“ “associating or ascribing to Allah others, as partners associating or ascribing to Allah others, as partners .”.”

As previous said, the sin of "As previous said, the sin of "SHIRKSHIRK “ is in the ‘ “ is in the ‘ belief belief ’ ’

and not merely the ‘and not merely the ‘outward actionoutward action.’ .’

It is only “It is only “SHIRKSHIRK” ” when a person: when a person:


[1] [1] a person who, in his belief regards other being or entity a person who, in his belief regards other being or entity

in creation, to be also ‘Divine’; orin creation, to be also ‘Divine’; or


[1] a person who, in his belief regards other being or entity [1] a person who, in his belief regards other being or entity


[2[2] the belief that these other in creation have a share in ] the belief that these other in creation have a share in

‘Divinity’ with Allah in His exclusive aspects; in His exclusive ‘Divinity’ with Allah in His exclusive aspects; in His exclusive

attributes; orattributes; or


[1] a person who, in his belief regards other being or entity [1] a person who, in his belief regards other being or entity


[2] the belief that these other in creation have a share in [2] the belief that these other in creation have a share in

‘Divinity’ with Allah in His exclusive aspects; in His exclusive ‘Divinity’ with Allah in His exclusive aspects; in His exclusive

attributes; orattributes; or

[3] [3] to regard these as being independent of Allah.to regard these as being independent of Allah.


Note:Note:

It is indeed true when a learned scholar said : It is indeed true when a learned scholar said :

“ “ SHIRKSHIRK “ is an intellectual sin.” “ is an intellectual sin.”

Just like Just like TAUTAUHHEEDEED, it deals primarily with ‘, it deals primarily with ‘thoughts or cognitionthoughts or cognition’; ’;

i.e. what a person ‘i.e. what a person ‘knows and believesknows and believes’ regarding God or the ’ regarding God or the

‘‘DivineDivine’ .’ .


Note:Note:

A person’s belief may generally be presumed, to be adhering to A person’s belief may generally be presumed, to be adhering to

the creed which he professes to follow. the creed which he professes to follow.


Note:Note:

A person’s belief may generally be presumed, to be adhering to A person’s belief may generally be presumed, to be adhering to

the creed which he professes to follow. the creed which he professes to follow.

Thus, unlike non-Muslims, all Muslims are to be regarded as a Thus, unlike non-Muslims, all Muslims are to be regarded as a

““MUWAAMUWAAHHEEDEED”, (those upholding ”, (those upholding TAUTAUHHEEDEED) unless clearly ) unless clearly

proven to be otherwise.proven to be otherwise.


““Three things make up the essential basis of believing (Three things make up the essential basis of believing (iimaniiman): ):

[1] [1] To stop (to desist) from accusing as unbeliever, anyone who To stop (to desist) from accusing as unbeliever, anyone who

has declared – ‘There is no god except Allah’; has declared – ‘There is no god except Allah’;

[2][2] never regard him as heretic (unbeliever) only because of his never regard him as heretic (unbeliever) only because of his

committing sins nor to consider him as having exited from Islam committing sins nor to consider him as having exited from Islam

because of his act of disobedient ; and because of his act of disobedient ; and

[3] [3] duty of JIHAD (striving in the cause of Allah) remains since duty of JIHAD (striving in the cause of Allah) remains since

the time I was sent till the last one in my ummah battles the the time I was sent till the last one in my ummah battles the

Dajjal (antichrist) .... “Dajjal (antichrist) .... “

((Hadith reported by Abu DawudHadith reported by Abu Dawud))


““When a person says to his (When a person says to his (MuslimMuslim) brother , ) brother ,

((Yaa KaafirYaa Kaafir) – ‘Hey Unbeliever!’, then the accusation ) – ‘Hey Unbeliever!’, then the accusation

for being an unbeliever will be upon either one of them”for being an unbeliever will be upon either one of them”

((Hadith reported by BukharyHadith reported by Bukhary))


Note:Note:There are some who take the more cautious opinion, that to bow, There are some who take the more cautious opinion, that to bow,

prostrate, showing outward forms of respect, displaying reverence, or prostrate, showing outward forms of respect, displaying reverence, or

kissing, wiping, etc. they regard as kissing, wiping, etc. they regard as ‘acts’ ‘acts’ that may lead to that may lead to SHIRKSHIRK. They . They

may prefer this viewpoint, so as ‘may prefer this viewpoint, so as ‘to close all doors that may possibly to close all doors that may possibly

lead to SHIRKlead to SHIRK.’.’

This ‘This ‘religious cautiousness religious cautiousness ’ is termed: ’ is termed: WARA ’ WARA ’

However It does not therefore imply that they have to conclusively However It does not therefore imply that they have to conclusively

judge those less cautious than them to have committed ‘acts’ of judge those less cautious than them to have committed ‘acts’ of SHIRKSHIRK. .

Without Without IJMA’IJMA’, they have to acknowledge that there are other valid , they have to acknowledge that there are other valid

differing views than theirs’ – thus this is termed ‘differing views than theirs’ – thus this is termed ‘KHILAFIYAHKHILAFIYAH’.’.All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2015))

Note:Note:In our learning about what constitute “In our learning about what constitute “SHIRKSHIRK”, we are to learn the ”, we are to learn the

issue well first, so as to be able correct our own understanding – issue well first, so as to be able correct our own understanding –

our own our own AQEEDAHAQEEDAH (Belief). (Belief).

Therefore be forewarned: Do not be hasty to use it in judging other Therefore be forewarned: Do not be hasty to use it in judging other

Muslims, as this involve ‘Muslims, as this involve ‘beliefsbeliefs ’ or of peoples’ understanding ’ or of peoples’ understanding

which is in their hearts/mind - and therefore avoid from engaging which is in their hearts/mind - and therefore avoid from engaging

in arguments with other fellow Muslims. in arguments with other fellow Muslims.


Our Prophet Muhammad Our Prophet Muhammad ملسو هيلع هللا ىلصملسو هيلع هللا ىلص warns us:warns us:

““Whoever seeks knowledge to argue with the Whoever seeks knowledge to argue with the

learned (Islamic scholars), or to brag with the foolish;learned (Islamic scholars), or to brag with the foolish;

or with it to attract peoples’ attention to himself; or with it to attract peoples’ attention to himself;

Allah will make him to enter the Hell-fire.”Allah will make him to enter the Hell-fire.”

((Hadith also reported by Tirmidzi and Ibn MajahHadith also reported by Tirmidzi and Ibn Majah))


Note:Note:

Personal cautiousness in religion (Personal cautiousness in religion (WARA’ WARA’ ), though encouraged, ), though encouraged,

is to be applied to ones’ personal self in striving for a higher is to be applied to ones’ personal self in striving for a higher

Islamic religiosity. Islamic religiosity.

But, as for enforcing Islamic rulings generally, or judging other But, as for enforcing Islamic rulings generally, or judging other

Muslims, basic minimum standard of religiosity applies. Muslims, basic minimum standard of religiosity applies.


Note:Note:

Ruling against Muslims for holding belief of “Ruling against Muslims for holding belief of “SHIRK SHIRK ” must be ” must be

based on clear proof and evidence.based on clear proof and evidence.

Though we respect some peoples’ cautiousness (Though we respect some peoples’ cautiousness (WARA ’ WARA ’ ) in ) in

matters of avoiding matters of avoiding SHIRKSHIRK, but we should not judge other , but we should not judge other

Muslims as guilty of Muslims as guilty of SHIRKSHIRK, based on this personal standard of , based on this personal standard of

cautiousness (cautiousness (WARA ’ WARA ’ ) only. ) only.


Note:Note:

Also, since “Also, since “SHIRK SHIRK ” is in a person’s belief (not merely outward ” is in a person’s belief (not merely outward

action), seeking clarifications is imperative.action), seeking clarifications is imperative.

Historically some such hasty judgement have caused the lives of Historically some such hasty judgement have caused the lives of

many fellow Muslims, who were deemed by them as ‘ many fellow Muslims, who were deemed by them as ‘ heretic heretic ’ ’

(judged to be guilty of (judged to be guilty of SHIRK SHIRK ) merely by their outward act or ) merely by their outward act or

practices.practices.


Note:Note:

Even if his action is deemed to be wrong, the fairest (when we Even if his action is deemed to be wrong, the fairest (when we

have not yet sought clarifications regarding his belief from that have not yet sought clarifications regarding his belief from that

particular Muslim) , is that he may perhaps be judged tentatively particular Muslim) , is that he may perhaps be judged tentatively

as guilty only for sin of ‘ignorance’.as guilty only for sin of ‘ignorance’.


Note:Note:





““O you who have believed, if there comes to you a disobedient O you who have believed, if there comes to you a disobedient

one with information, investigate, lest you harm a people out of one with information, investigate, lest you harm a people out of

ignorance and become, over what you have done, regretful.“ignorance and become, over what you have done, regretful.“

((Qur’an: Hujurat: 49: 6 Qur’an: Hujurat: 49: 6 ))


Note:Note:






““And pursue not that of which you have no knowledge; for And pursue not that of which you have no knowledge; for

every act of hearing, or of seeing or of feeling (in your heart-every act of hearing, or of seeing or of feeling (in your heart-

mind) will be enquired into (on the Day of Reckoning).”mind) will be enquired into (on the Day of Reckoning).”((Qur’an: Isra’: 17: 36Qur’an: Isra’: 17: 36))

Note:Note:






Note:Note:

Or, he may be guilty of ‘ Or, he may be guilty of ‘ IRTIDAD IRTIDAD ’ (apostasy) only - as by his act ’ (apostasy) only - as by his act

of imitating; perhaps in resembling others in their forms of of imitating; perhaps in resembling others in their forms of

worship; blasphemy or compromising his Islamic identity :worship; blasphemy or compromising his Islamic identity :

““Whosoever resembles (or imitates) a people, Whosoever resembles (or imitates) a people,

then he is from amongst them”then he is from amongst them”

((Hadith of the Prophet s.a.a.wHadith of the Prophet s.a.a.w.).)


Traditionally, it is divided into 2 major categories:

[1] SHIRK AL-’AZEEM (AKBAR)

“Greater shirk” – an obvious, clear-cut association; the belief in other

‘deities’ , or supernatural force, or beings etc. apart from Allah,

believed to be possessing divine powers, or regarded to be

independent of Allah.


Traditionally, it is divided into 2 major categories:

[2] SHIRK AL-ASHGHAR or KHAFIY

““Lesser (small) Shirk” Lesser (small) Shirk” or or “Hidden” “Hidden” – it pertains to what a Muslim’s – it pertains to what a Muslim’s

objective, focus or intended reason behind his/her acts of objective, focus or intended reason behind his/her acts of

devotional worship, sacrifice, vows, etc. – i.e. what may affect his devotional worship, sacrifice, vows, etc. – i.e. what may affect his

original intention formulated which, in original intention formulated which, in ‘IBAADAH‘IBAADAH, it must be , it must be

‘sincerely done for Allah’s sake alone.’ (‘sincerely done for Allah’s sake alone.’ (IKHLASwIKHLASw). ).

Example, specificallyExample, specifically: ‘Doing or not doing : ‘Doing or not doing ‘IBADAH‘IBADAH only to be seen by only to be seen by

people – i.e. showing off, or ostentation -(people – i.e. showing off, or ostentation -(RIYA’ RIYA’ ))


““Verily, what I fear most that may afflict all of you is Verily, what I fear most that may afflict all of you is

the small the small SHIRKSHIRK – which is - – which is - AR-RIYA’ AR-RIYA’

(showing off or ostentation in ‘ibaadah)”(showing off or ostentation in ‘ibaadah)”

((Hadith reported by AhmadHadith reported by Ahmad))


““The The SHIRKSHIRK within my ummah is more hidden (subtle) than within my ummah is more hidden (subtle) than

a black ant crawling on a black rock, a black ant crawling on a black rock,

in the darkness of the night”in the darkness of the night”

((Hadith reported by Ahmad, Tabarani & Abu Ya’laHadith reported by Ahmad, Tabarani & Abu Ya’la))


IMPORTANT DU’AIMPORTANT DU’A

ALLAA-HUM-MA – ARI-NAL-HAQ-QA - HAQ-QANWAR- ZUQ-NAT - TI-BAA- ’A

WA-ARI-NAL – BAA-TWILA – BAA-TWI-LAANWAR-ZUQ-NAJ – TI –NAA - BAH

““O Allah! Make us see the Truth to be true O Allah! Make us see the Truth to be true

and grant us ability to follow it.and grant us ability to follow it.

And make us see Falsehood to be false and And make us see Falsehood to be false and

grant us the ability to reject it.”grant us the ability to reject it.” TO BE CONTINUED TO BE CONTINUED


slideshare (lesson#6a)tauheed-course-(batch#5-aug-dec-2015)-shirk-types-categories-(14-oct-2015)

Education