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Page 1: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 1Slide 1Slide 1Slide 1Slide 1Slide 1Slide 1Slide 1Slide 1

Figure 10-1Page 176

Page 2: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 2Slide 2Slide 2Slide 2Slide 2Slide 2Slide 2Slide 2Slide 2

Figure 10-2Page 176

Page 3: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 3Slide 3Slide 3Slide 3Slide 3Slide 3Slide 3Slide 3Slide 3

Average crude birth rate Average crude death rate

World

All developedcountries

All developingcountries

Developingcountries

(w/o China)

21

9

11

10

24

8

27

9

© 2004 Brooks/Cole – Thomson Learning

Figure 10-3a Page 177

Page 4: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 4Slide 4Slide 4Slide 4Slide 4Slide 4Slide 4Slide 4Slide 4

Africa

LatinAmerica

Asia

Oceania

UnitedStates

NorthAmerica

Europe

38

14

22

6

20

7

18

7

14

8

14

8

10

12

Figure 10-3b Page 177

© 2

004

Bro

oks

/Co

le –

Th

om

son

Lea

rnin

g

Page 5: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 5Slide 5Slide 5Slide 5Slide 5Slide 5Slide 5Slide 5Slide 5

© 2

004

Bro

oks

/Co

le –

Th

om

son

Lea

rnin

g China

India

USA

Indonesia

Brazil

Pakistan

Russia

Bangladesh

Japan

Nigeria

2004 2025

1.3 billion1.4 billion

1.1 billion1.4 billion

294 million

349 million

219 million308 million

179 million

211 million

159 million

229 million

144 million137 million

141 million

205 million

128 million

121 million

137 million206 million Figure 10-4

Page 178

Page 6: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 6Slide 6Slide 6Slide 6Slide 6Slide 6Slide 6Slide 6Slide 6

World

Developedcountries

Developingcountries

Africa

LatinAmerica

Asia

Oceania

NorthAmerica

Europe

5 children per woman2.8

2.5

1.6

6.53.1

6.65.1

5.92.6

5.92.6

3.82.1

3.52.0

2.61.4

1950 2004

Figure 10-5Page 179

© 2

004

Bro

oks

/Co

le –

Th

om

son

Lea

rnin

g

Page 7: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 7Slide 7Slide 7Slide 7Slide 7Slide 7Slide 7Slide 7Slide 7

Click to view animation.

Animation

Current and projected population sizes by region.

Page 8: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 8Slide 8Slide 8Slide 8Slide 8Slide 8Slide 8Slide 8Slide 8

High

Medium

Low

12

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

21950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

High10.6

Medium8.9

Low7.2

Year

Po

pu

lati

on

(b

illio

ns)

Figure 10-6Page 179

Page 9: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 9Slide 9Slide 9Slide 9Slide 9Slide 9Slide 9Slide 9Slide 9

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.02.1

1.5

1.0

0.5

01920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

Year

Bir

ths

per

wo

man

Baby boom(1946-64)

Figure 10-7Page 179

Replacement level

Page 10: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 10Slide 10Slide 10Slide 10Slide 10Slide 10Slide 10Slide 10Slide 10

Figure 10-8Page 180

32

30

2826242220181614

0

Bir

ths

pe

r th

ou

sa

nd

po

pu

lati

on

1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

Year

Demographictransition

Depression

End of World War II

Baby boom Baby bust Echo baby boom

Page 11: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 11Slide 11Slide 11Slide 11Slide 11Slide 11Slide 11Slide 11Slide 11

Figure 10-9Page 180

600

500

400

300

200

100

1900

1920

1940

1960

1980

2000

2020

2040

2060

2080

2100

76

292

571

Total population

Projections

Year

Po

pu

lati

on

in m

illio

ns

Page 12: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 12Slide 12Slide 12Slide 12Slide 12Slide 12Slide 12Slide 12Slide 12

Figure 10-10Page 181

United States Mexico Canada

Population(2004)

Projected population(2025)

349 million

Infant mortality rate

Lifeexpectancy

Total fertilityrate (TFR)

% populationunder age 15

% populationover age 65

Per capitaGDP PPP

294 million106 million

32 million

150million36 million

6.725

5.2

2.02.8

1.7

21%35%

18%

12%

13%5%

$8,790

77 years75 years

79 years

$36,110

$31,892

© 2004 Brooks/Cole – Thomson Learning

Page 13: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 13Slide 13Slide 13Slide 13Slide 13Slide 13Slide 13Slide 13Slide 13

47 years77 years

8%81%

15%

83%

10%98%

2%99%

10%52%

$15$3

1.25.8

1900

2000

Life expectancy

Married women workingoutside the home

High school graduates

Homes with flush toilets

Homes with electricity

Living in suburbs

Hourly manufacturing jobwage (adjusted for inflation)

Homocides per100,000 people

Figure 10-11Page 181

Page 14: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 14Slide 14Slide 14Slide 14Slide 14Slide 14Slide 14Slide 14Slide 14

Figure 10-12aPage 182

Extremely Effective

Highly Effective

Total abstinence

Sterilization

Vaginal ring

IUD with slow-releasehormones

IUD plus spermicide

Vaginal pouch(“female condom”)

IUD

Condom (good brand)plus spermicide

Oral contraceptive

100%

99.6%

98-99%

98%

98%

97%

95%

95%

93%

© 2004 Brooks/Cole – Thomson Learning

Page 15: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 15Slide 15Slide 15Slide 15Slide 15Slide 15Slide 15Slide 15Slide 15

Figure 10-12bPage 182

Effective

Cervical cap

Condom (good brand)

Diaphragm plusspermicide

Rhythm method (Billings,Sympto-Thermal)

Vaginal sponge impreg-nated with spermicide

Spermicide (foam)

89%

86%

84%

84%

83%

82%

© 2004 Brooks/Cole – Thomson Learning

Page 16: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 16Slide 16Slide 16Slide 16Slide 16Slide 16Slide 16Slide 16Slide 16

Figure 10-12cPage 182

Moderately Effective

Unreliable

Spermicide (creams,jellies, suppositories) Rhythm method (dailytemperature readings)

Withdrawal

Condom (cheap brand)

Douche

Chance (no method)

75%

74%

74%

70%

40%

10%

© 2004 Brooks/Cole – Thomson Learning

Page 17: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 17Slide 17Slide 17Slide 17Slide 17Slide 17Slide 17Slide 17Slide 17

2,000

1,800

1,600

1,400

1,200

1,000

800

600

400

200

01820 1840 18801860 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2010

Year

Nu

mb

er o

f le

gal

imm

igra

nts

(th

ou

san

ds)

1907

1914New laws restrict immigration

Great Depression

Figure 10-13Page 183

Page 18: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 18Slide 18Slide 18Slide 18Slide 18Slide 18Slide 18Slide 18Slide 18

Male Female

Rapid GrowthGuatemala

NigeriaSaudi Arabia

Slow GrowthUnited States

AustraliaCanada

Male Female

Ages 0-14 Ages 15-44 Ages 45-85+

Figure 10-14a Page 184

© 2004 Brooks/Cole – Thomson Learning

Page 19: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 19Slide 19Slide 19Slide 19Slide 19Slide 19Slide 19Slide 19Slide 19

Zero GrowthSpainAustriaGreece

Negative GrowthGermanyBulgariaSweden

Male Female Male Female

Ages 0-14 Ages 15-44 Ages 45-85+

Figure 10-14bPage 184

© 2004 Brooks/Cole – Thomson Learning

Page 20: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 20Slide 20Slide 20Slide 20Slide 20Slide 20Slide 20Slide 20Slide 20

Click to view animation.

Animation

Examples of age structure interaction

Page 21: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 21Slide 21Slide 21Slide 21Slide 21Slide 21Slide 21Slide 21Slide 21

6

100+

95-99

90-94

85-89

80-84

75-79

70-74

65-69

60-64

55-59

50-54

45-49

40-44

35-39

30-34

25-29

20-24

15-19

10-14

5-9

0-4

Male

Female

Percent of population 1900

Ag

e

Figure 10-15a Page 1855 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Page 22: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 22Slide 22Slide 22Slide 22Slide 22Slide 22Slide 22Slide 22Slide 22

Figure 10-15b Page 185

100+

95-99

90-94

85-89

80-84

75-79

70-74

65-69

60-64

55-59

50-54

45-49

40-44

35-39

30-34

25-29

20-24

15-19

10-14

5-9

0-4

Male

Female

Percent of population 2000

Ag

e

5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5

Page 23: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 23Slide 23Slide 23Slide 23Slide 23Slide 23Slide 23Slide 23Slide 23

Figure 10-15c Page 185

100+

95-99

90-94

85-89

80-84

75-79

70-74

65-69

60-64

55-59

50-54

45-49

40-44

35-39

30-34

25-29

20-24

15-19

10-14

5-9

0-4

Male

Female

Percent of population 2050

Ag

e

4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4

Page 24: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 24Slide 24Slide 24Slide 24Slide 24Slide 24Slide 24Slide 24Slide 24

300 200 100 0 100 200 300

85+

80-85

75-79

70-74

65-69

60-64

55-59

50-54

45-49

40-44

35-39

30-34

25-29

20-24

15-19

10-14

5-9

0-4

Male Female

Population (millions)

Ag

e

Developed Countries

Figure 10-16a Page 185

© 2004 Brooks/Cole – Thomson Learning

Page 25: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 25Slide 25Slide 25Slide 25Slide 25Slide 25Slide 25Slide 25Slide 25

300 200 100 0 100 200 300

85+

80-85

75-79

70-74

65-69

60-64

55-59

50-54

45-49

40-44

35-39

30-34

25-29

20-24

15-19

10-14

5-9

0-4

Male Female

Population (millions)

Ag

e

Developing Countries

Figure 10-16b Page 185

© 2004 Brooks/Cole – Thomson Learning

Page 26: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 26Slide 26Slide 26Slide 26Slide 26Slide 26Slide 26Slide 26Slide 26

Population(2004)

Populationprojected

(2025)

Infantmortality

rate

Lifeexpectancy

Fertilityrate (TFR)

%Populationunder

age 15

% Populationover

age 65

Per capitaGNI PPP

294 million179 million

137 million

349 million211 million

206 million

6.733

100

77 years

71 years52 years

2.02.2

5.7

21%30%

44%

12%6%

3%

$36,110$7,450

$800

United States (highly developed)

Brazil (moderately developed)

Nigeria (less developed)

Figure 10-17Page 186

© 2004 Brooks/Cole – Thomson Learning

Page 27: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 27Slide 27Slide 27Slide 27Slide 27Slide 27Slide 27Slide 27Slide 27

Age Age

Females Males

1955

201612

84

48

1216

20

2420

1612

84

48

1216 20

24

Females Males

1985

Millions MillionsFigure 10-18a

Page 186

© 2004 Brooks/Cole – Thomson Learning

Page 28: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 28Slide 28Slide 28Slide 28Slide 28Slide 28Slide 28Slide 28Slide 28

Age

2420

1612

84

48

1216 20

20

Females Males

Age

Females Males

1955

2420

1612

84

48

1216 20

20

2035

MillionsMillionsFigure 10-18b

Page 186

© 2004 Brooks/Cole – Thomson Learning

Page 29: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 29Slide 29Slide 29Slide 29Slide 29Slide 29Slide 29Slide 29Slide 29

Click to view animation.

Animation

U.S. age structure interaction.

Page 30: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 30Slide 30Slide 30Slide 30Slide 30Slide 30Slide 30Slide 30Slide 30

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

01950 1970 1990 2010 2030 2050 2070 2090 2110 2130 2150

Year

Ag

e D

istr

ibu

tio

n (

%)

Under age 15 Age 60 or over Age 80 or over

Figure 10-19Page 187

Page 31: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 31Slide 31Slide 31Slide 31Slide 31Slide 31Slide 31Slide 31Slide 31

Low

High

Rel

ati

ve

po

pu

lati

on

siz

e

Bir

th r

ate

an

d d

eath

rat

e(n

um

ber

per

1,0

00 p

er

yea

r)

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

Stage 1Preindustrial

Stage 2Transitional

Stage 3Industrial

Stage 4Postindustrial

Low Increasing Very high Decreasing Low Zero Negative

Birth rate

Total population

Death rate

Figure 10-20Page 189

Growth rate over time

Page 32: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 32Slide 32Slide 32Slide 32Slide 32Slide 32Slide 32Slide 32Slide 32

Click to view animation.

Animation

Demographic transition model interaction.

Page 33: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 33Slide 33Slide 33Slide 33Slide 33Slide 33Slide 33Slide 33Slide 33

4:45 A.M.Wake,wash, andeat

5:00 A.M.-5:30 A.M.Walk tofields

3:00 P.M.-4:00 P.M.Collectfirewood

4:00 P.M.-5:30 P.M.Pound andgrind corn

5:30 A.M.-3:00 P.M.Work infields

5:30 P.M.-6:30 P.M.Collectwater

6:30 P.M.-8:30 P.M.Cook forfamily andeat

8:30 P.M.-9:30 P.M.Washdishesand children

9:30 P.M.Go to bed

Figure 10-21Page 190

Page 34: Slide 1 Figure 10-1 Page 176. Slide 2 Figure 10-2 Page 176

Slide 34Slide 34Slide 34Slide 34Slide 34Slide 34Slide 34Slide 34Slide 34

Percentageof world

population

Population

Population (2025)(estimated)

Illiteracy (%of adults)

Population under age 15(%)

Population growth rate (%)

Total fertility rate

Infant mortality rate

Life expectancy

GDP PPP per capita

17%20%

1.1 billion1.3 billion

1.4 billion

1.4 billion

47%17%

36%

22%

1.7%0.6%

3.1 children per woman (down from 5.3 in 1970)1.7 children per woman (down from 5.7 in 1972)

6432

62 years

71 years

$2,650

$4,520

IndiaChina

Figure 10-22Page 191