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The Slave Trade

US History

McIntyre

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The Atlantic Slave Trade

When?1450 - Spanish & Portuguese startslaving in Africa

1865 - still smuggling slaves untilthe end of the civil war (technicallyillegal in 1808)

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The Atlantic Slave Trade

Why? (3 reasonscombined)Labor shortage (not enough workers)

Ethnocentrism (feelings of superiority)

Greed

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The Atlantic Slave Trade

Where to?5%

60%

35

%

65%

30% 5%

Where from?

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Number of people enslaved 30 million takenfrom their homes

10 million die

during capturephase 10 million dieduring middlepassage 10 million survive to make itover the ocean

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Phases of the Slave Trade

Capture:

Tribes often did not have a choice inhelping capture neighbors divide andconquer

Most captured 50-100 miles inland

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Phases of the Slave TradeWest African expectations about slavery:

A slaves child would not be a slave

Slaves were not slaves for life

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Phases of the Slave Trade

Capture :

Christiansborg Castle, Gold Coast, ca. 175Cape Coast Castle, Gold Coast, 1727

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Phases of the Slave Trade2. The Middle Passage - Tight Pack

Higher mortality, higher profits

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Phases of the Slave Trade2. The MiddlePassage -Loose pack

Lower

mortality,lower profits

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Phases of the Slave Trade3. Seasoning -

Brutal work camps, 4-5 months inCaribbean Meant to train people to be slaves

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Thinking Question:

(Dont write down just think!)

Given how many people diedduring the Capture phase oron the Middle passage, whatdo you think went on in theminds of the slave catchers andslave traders?

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Triangle Trade

NorthAmerica

TheCarribean

Africa

Molasses Rum, weapons

Slaves

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Growth of SlaveryWhy Africans?

Americas are desperate for labor

Harder for Africans to run awaythan Native Americans

African strengths - agriculturalpractices, resistance to diseases

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Growth of SlaveryHow did African slaves fight back?

Open revolt (rare)

Work slowdowns

Breaking Tools Poisoning food

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Thinking Question:

(Dont write down just think!)

While many slaves resisted, notall of them did. What did theyhave to lose?

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Growth of SlaveryWhy?

Invented 1793 - made slavery VERYproductive 100x faster than by hand

More efficient = more $ (so need moreslaves)

Cotton Gin