SKYPE ANATOMY

AFTER MIDTERM NOTES

Kaan Yücel M.D., Ph.D.23.5.2013 Thursday

2100-2200

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Cardiovascular, Respiratory & Digestive Systems

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CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

Right heart (Suction)poorly- oxygenated(venous) blood

from the bodysuperior vena cava & inferior vena cava right atrium right ventricle

pulmonary arteries lungs

Left heart (Pumping)well- oxygenated (arterial) blood

from the lungs pulmonary veins

left atrium left ventricleaorta

the body

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fibrous skeleton of the heart

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Apex projects forward, downward and to the left

Base faces in a posterior direction

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Right atriumLeft atriumRight ventricleLeft ventricle

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STIMULATING, CONDUCTING, & REGULATING SYSTEMS OF HEART

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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

the most anterior part of the nasal cavity.

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Unpaired cartilages1) Thyroid cartilage (biggest)2) Cricoid cartilage3) Epiglottic cartilage

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SKELETON OF LARYNX LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES

Paired cartilages1) Arytenoid2) Corniculate3) Cuneiform

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InspirationWidens

PhonationNarrows- 2 vocal fold come together

Pitch increases with tensing, decreases by relaxation. Intensity of expiration determines the loudness of sound.

Rima glottis

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• Trachea• Principal bronchus • Lobar bronchi (secondary bronchi)• Segmental bronchi (tertiary bronchi)• Terminal bronchiol• Respiratory bronchiol• Alveolar duct• Alveolar sac• Alveolus

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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

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oropharyngeal isthmus

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Oral vestibuleOral cavity proper

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32 permanent teeth four incisors two canines four premolars six molars in each jaw (4-2-4-6)

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Innervation of the tongueTrigeminal nerve: sensation from 2/3 anterior tongue Glossopharyngeal nerve: sensation from 1/3 posterior tongueTaste from oral part: by the facial nerveTaste from pharyngeal part: by the glossopharyngeal nerve

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CecumAppendixAscending colonTransverse colonDescending colonSigmoid colonRectumAnal canal

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Bile passes from the liver via biliary ducts—right and left hepatic ducts—join to form common hepatic duct, which unites with the cystic duct to form the (common) bile duct.

The main pancreatic duct begins in the tail of the pancreas.

Main pancreatic duct+ bile duct hepatopancreatic ampulla (of Vater)

opens into the duodenum at the summit of

Major duodenal papilla

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INGUINAL CANAL

Spermatic cord

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PORTAL VEIN

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A rich blood supply to support its digestive activities.Arterial blood supplied mainly by Coeliac artery to the stomach, pancreas, spleen and liver Mesenteric arteries to the intestines.

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Subcostal plane

Transtubercular plane

Midclavicular pointapproximately 9 cm from the midline

Midinguinal point