MUSCULOSKELETAL MEDICATIONS

SALICYLATES, ASPIRIN

Trade Names Ecotrin Bayer Ascriptin Aspergum Aspirtab Easprin Ecpirin Entercote

INDICATIONS

Carotid endarterectomy Cerebrovascular accident Cerebrovascular accident;

Prophylaxis Coronary artery bypass

graft Disorder of joint of spine Fever Generalized aches and

pains Headache Migraine Myocardial infarction Myocardial infarction;

Prophylaxis OSTEOARTHRITISPain

• Percutaneous coronary intervention

• RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS• Stable angina, chronic• Systemic lupus erythematous,

Arthritis and Pleurisy• Transient ischemic attack;

Treatment and Prophylaxis• Unstable angina

ACTIONSReduces pain and inflammation by inhibiting

prostaglandin productionFever reduction mechanism unknown;may be

linked to decrease in endogenous pyrogens in hypothalamus resulting from prostaglandin inhibition

Exerts antiplatelet effect by inhibiting synthesis of prostacyclin and thromboxane A2

CONTRAINDICATIONSHypersensitivity to salicylates, other NSAID’s, or

tartrazineRenal impairmentSevere hepatic impairmentHemorrhagic states or blood coagulation defectsVitamin K deficiency caused by dehydrationConcurrent anticoagulation usePregnancy(3rd trimister) or breastfeeding

ADVERSE REACTIONS EENT: hearing loss, tinnitus, ototoxicity GI: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, epigastric

distress, heart burn, anorexia, GI bleeding Hematologic: thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia,

leukopenia, agranulocytosis, shortened RBC life span Hepatic: hepatotoxicity Metabolic: hyponatremia, hypokalcemia, hypoglycemia Respiratory: wheezing, hyperpnia, pulmonary edema w/

toxicity Skin: rash, urticaria, brusing, angioedema Other: hypersensitivity reactions, salicylism or acute toxicity

PATIENT TEACHING Tell Pt to report ototoxicity symptoms, unusual bleeding and bruising. Caution Pt to avoid activities that may cause injury. Advise him to use soft

toothbrush and electric razor to avoid gum and skin injury. Instruct Pt to tell all prescribers he’s taking the drug. Bc it may cause serious

interactions w/ many common medications. Tell Pt not to take OTC preparations containing aspirin. Inform Pt that he may need to undergo regular blood testing during therapy. Instruct Pt to report S/S of bleeding or GI distress. Instruct Pt to avoid alcohol during therapy. Pt’s who drink 3 or more alcoholic

drinks daily should consult a healthcare professional prior to taking asprin. This drug may cause dyspepsia, nausea/vomiting GI ulcer, tinnitus,

angioedema, or Reye’s symdrome(persistent nausea/vomiting, somnolence, lethargy, confusion, combative behavior, decreased Loc, seizure).

Clinical Medications Worksheet

Generic Name: Aspirin Trade Names: Ecotrin, Bayer, Ascriptin, Aspergum,

Aspirtab, Easprin, Ecpirin, Entercote

Class: Salicylates Dose: 1-1.3g, 325mg, 300-325mg, 80mg Routes: PO

Mechanism of Action and indication: Inflammation disorders including; Rheumatoid Arthritis,

Osteoarthritis, mild to moderate pain, Fever. Prophylaxis of

transient ischemic attacks and Myocardial Infarction.

Nursing Implications Hypersensitivity, cross sensitivity w/ other NSAID’s

Contraindications bleeding disorders, thrombocytopenia, peri-operative pain from coronary

Warnings/interactions bypass graft surgery. May increase risk of cardiovascular disease.

chronic alcohol use/abuse. Severe renal disease . Severe hepatic disease

pregnancy and lactation.

Common side-effects Hearing loss, tinnitus, GI bleeding, dyspepsia, epigastric distress, heartburn

nausea, abdominal pain, anorexia, hepatotoxicity, vomiting, exfoliative

dermatitis, Steven-Johnson syndrome, Toxic epidermal necrosis. Anemia

hemolysis, increased bleeding time, Allergic reactions including,

anaphylaxis and laryngeal edema. Non cardiogenic pulmonary edema.