SIX TYPES OF SIX TYPES OF GOVERNMENTSGOVERNMENTS

StandardsStandards SS7CG4 The student will compare and contrast SS7CG4 The student will compare and contrast

various forms of government.various forms of government. Describe the ways government systems Describe the ways government systems

distribute power: unitary, confederation, and distribute power: unitary, confederation, and federal.federal.

Explain how governments determine citizen Explain how governments determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic.democratic.

Describe the two predominant forms of Describe the two predominant forms of democratic governments: parliamentary and democratic governments: parliamentary and presidential.presidential.

Essential QuestionsEssential Questions

What are the forms of power-sharing What are the forms of power-sharing in government? in government?

What are the different levels of What are the different levels of citizen participation?citizen participation?

What is Government?What is Government?

How society makes and enforces public policies.How society makes and enforces public policies. The purpose of governmentThe purpose of government

OrderOrder StabilityStability GrowthGrowth

Examples: Examples: TaxationTaxation DefenseDefense EducationEducation CrimeCrime HealthHealth

SIX TYPES OF GOVERNMENTSIX TYPES OF GOVERNMENT

1. Unitary – the central government 1. Unitary – the central government holds nearly all the powerholds nearly all the power

Saudi Arabia is a monarchy (King) and Saudi Arabia is a monarchy (King) and is an example of unitary governmentis an example of unitary government

2. Confederation – local government 2. Confederation – local government has all the powerhas all the power

League of Arab States or OPEC is an League of Arab States or OPEC is an exampleexample

SIX TYPES OF GOVERNMENTSIX TYPES OF GOVERNMENT

3. Federal government – power is 3. Federal government – power is shared between different levels of shared between different levels of governmentgovernment

Israel is an exampleIsrael is an example

4. Autocratic government – the ruler 4. Autocratic government – the ruler has absolute power to do whatever has absolute power to do whatever he wishes and enforces whatever he wishes and enforces whatever laws he chooseslaws he chooses

Saudi Arabia is an exampleSaudi Arabia is an example

SIX TYPES OF GOVERNMENTSIX TYPES OF GOVERNMENT

5. Oligarchy – “government by the few”; a 5. Oligarchy – “government by the few”; a small group takes over the government small group takes over the government and makes all the decisionsand makes all the decisions

Syria is an exampleSyria is an example

6. Democratic government – a great deal 6. Democratic government – a great deal of power is left in the hands of the of power is left in the hands of the people; decisions are made by majority people; decisions are made by majority votesvotes

Israel is an exampleIsrael is an example

Two types of Democratic Two types of Democratic GovernmentsGovernments

Parliamentary form of democratic Parliamentary form of democratic government – the people elect a government – the people elect a Parliament that makes and carries out the Parliament that makes and carries out the laws for the countrylaws for the country

The leader is called a Prime Minister and is The leader is called a Prime Minister and is the head of the government; he is chosen the head of the government; he is chosen by the party that has the majority by the party that has the majority representatives in Parliament representatives in Parliament

There is usually a “King” or “Queen” that There is usually a “King” or “Queen” that has no power has no power

Two types of Democratic Two types of Democratic GovernmentsGovernments

Presidential form of democratic Presidential form of democratic government – a President is chosen government – a President is chosen separately from the legislatureseparately from the legislature

Legislature passes the laws, the Legislature passes the laws, the President makes sure they are President makes sure they are enforcedenforced

The President is Head of State and The President is Head of State and head of the government head of the government

NATIONAL NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS OF GOVERNMENTS OF

SWASWA

StandardsStandards SS7CG5: The student will explain the SS7CG5: The student will explain the

structures of the national governments of structures of the national governments of SW Asia (Middle East)SW Asia (Middle East)

a. Compare the parliamentary democracy a. Compare the parliamentary democracy of the State of Israel, the monarchy of the of the State of Israel, the monarchy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the theocracy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, theocracy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, distinguishing the form of leadership and distinguishing the form of leadership and the role of the citizen in terms of voting the role of the citizen in terms of voting rights and personal freedoms.rights and personal freedoms.

Essential QuestionsEssential Questions

What types of governments are What types of governments are found in the Middle East?found in the Middle East?

ISRAELISRAEL Parliamentary democracy Parliamentary democracy

People elect representatives from different People elect representatives from different political partiespolitical parties

Israeli parliament is called the KnessetIsraeli parliament is called the Knesset Most Israelis do not believe laws should be Most Israelis do not believe laws should be

based on religious beliefs, but many Israeli based on religious beliefs, but many Israeli laws are influenced by the Orthodox Jews laws are influenced by the Orthodox Jews (about 25% of population)(about 25% of population)

All citizens over the age of 18 can voteAll citizens over the age of 18 can vote Israeli law and its constitution protect the Israeli law and its constitution protect the

rights and freedoms of its citizensrights and freedoms of its citizens Elections are held every 4 years Elections are held every 4 years

SAUDI ARABIASAUDI ARABIA

Hereditary monarchy Hereditary monarchy Government is lead by a King who Government is lead by a King who

comes from a family that has ruled for comes from a family that has ruled for several generationsseveral generations

The King rules until he dies or chooses The King rules until he dies or chooses to give up powerto give up power

Laws are based on the teaching of the Laws are based on the teaching of the Quran and are called Shariah lawQuran and are called Shariah law

SAUDI ARABIASAUDI ARABIA

The citizens have very little influence The citizens have very little influence as the ruler makes all the decisions as the ruler makes all the decisions

No written constitution.No written constitution. Citizens do NOT choose the king.Citizens do NOT choose the king. No political partiesNo political parties No national electionsNo national elections Women cannot vote, and most cannot Women cannot vote, and most cannot

drive cars or even participate in sportsdrive cars or even participate in sports

IRANIRAN

Theocracy Theocracy God is seen as the true leader of the God is seen as the true leader of the

government and the country’s religious government and the country’s religious leaders serve as the political leadersleaders serve as the political leaders

Iran is seen as a theocratic republic Iran is seen as a theocratic republic because the government is led by both because the government is led by both an elected parliament and religious an elected parliament and religious leadersleaders

Shia religious leaders are called Shia religious leaders are called AyatollahAyatollah

IRANIRAN

Iranian citizens over the age of 16 Iranian citizens over the age of 16 can vote in all elections can vote in all elections

They can vote for members of the They can vote for members of the Assembly or the President but NOT Assembly or the President but NOT for the Supreme Leader.for the Supreme Leader.

Have some rights, but the Have some rights, but the government sometimes suppresses government sometimes suppresses these rightsthese rights