six stroke engine final
TRANSCRIPT
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A Seminar PresentationOn
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TABLE OF CONTENT
IntroductionTypes of Six stroke engines
Bajulaz Six stroke engine
Beare Head Six stroke engineDual fuel Six stroke engine
Comparison
Specifications
Features
Performance and Economy
Conclusion
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INTRODUCTION
The six-stroke engine is a type of internal combustion
engine based on the four-stroke engine with additional
complexity.
First developed in early 1890s by Samuel Griffin.
Advancement is the Dual fuel six stroke diesel
engine.
Also invented by INDIANS named as VELOZETAand
NIYKADOsix stroke engines.
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APPROACHES FOR SIX STROKE
ENGINE DESIGN
First approach
There is two additional strokes by themain piston as fifth and sixth stroke.
Second approach
It uses a second opposed piston which
moves at half the cyclical rate of the main
piston.
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TYPES
SIX STROKE
ENGINE
FIRST
APPROACH
Griffin six
stroke engine
Bajulaz six
stroke engine
Crower sixstroke engine
Velozeta six
stroke engine
SECOND
APPROACH
Beare head sixstroke engine
M4 +2 engine
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BAJULAZ SIX STROKE ENGINE
1. Intake valve
2. Heating chamber valve
3. Combustion chamber valve
4. Exhaust valve
5. Cylinder
6. Combustion chamber
7. Air heating chamber
8. Wall of combustion
chamber
9. Fuel injector10.Heater plug
STROKE 1Intake of pure air in thecylinder.
Fig 1.Cross sectional view of Bajulaz Engine [1]
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STROKE 2 STROKE 3
Compression of pure air in
heating chamber.
Release of combustion
gases in the cylinder.
Fig 2. Stroke 2 [1] Fig 3. Stroke 3 [1]
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STROKE 4 STROKE 5
Release of pure air
into cylinder.
Exhaust of the
combustion gases.
Fig 4. Stroke 4 [1] Fig 5. Stroke 5 [1]
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STROKE 6
Recompression of pure air
in the combustion chamber.
Fig 6. Stroke 6 [1]
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BEARE HEAD SIX STROKE ENGINE
Fuel ignition with
piston at TDC.
Rotary valve opens,
allowing exhaust to
escape.
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Begin of Exhauststroke at BDC.
Intake of chargeinto Cylinder.
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Mixing of Gasolinewith air into the
combustion chamber.
Top piston nearlycloses complete inlet
port and the
compression begins.
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Combustion chambercompletely sealed andready for the
combustion.
Explosion forces
the piston down toturn the engine's
crankshaft and
power is delivered.
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DUAL FUEL SIX STROKE ENGINE
This engine runs by two fuels i.e. diesel(primary
fuel) and methanol (secondary fuel).
Fig 7. Working of Dual fuel six stroke engine [2] Fig 8. Prototype of six
stroke engine [2]
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PV DIAGRAMS
Fig 9. p-V diagrams for Otto cycle[3]
Fig 10. p-V diagrams for Dual cycle[3]
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SPECIFICATIONS
Table 1. Difference of valve timing for same cylinder design[4]
Four Stroke Diesel
Engine
Six Stroke Diesel
EngineEngine Type DI, Single cylinder, Air cooled, OHVBore x Stroke [mm] 82 x 78Displacement [cc] 412Top Clearance [mm] 0.9Cavity Volume [cc] 16Compression Ratio 21Intake Valve Open 100 bTDC 70bTDCIntake Valve Close 400 aBDC 450aBDCExhaust Valve Open 450bBDC 400bBDCExhaust Valve Close 120aTDC 30aTDCValve Overlap 220 100
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COMPARISONS
Comparison between Four Stroke & Six Stroke diesel engines
Engine Parameters
Four Stroke
Diesel Engine
Six Stroke
Diesel Engine
Engine Speed Ne [rpm] 2007 2016
Supplied combustion heat per cycle
Qt [KJ/cycle] 0.50 0.68
Supplied combustion heat per unit time H t[KJ/s]
8.36 7.62
Intake air flow per cycle
Ma[mg/cycle] 358.7 371.4
Injection quantity per cycle
Mf[mg/cycle] 11.8 16
Excess air ratio 2.40 1.83
Intake air flow per unit time
Ma[g/cycle] 6.00 4.16
Injection quantity per unit time
Mf[g/sec] 0.197 0.179Brake torque Tb[N-m] 15.52 15.28
Brake power Lb[KW] 3.26 3.24
BSFC. b [ g / KW-h] 217.9 520.3
IMEP Pi[Kgf / cm2] 5.94 4.37
Indicated torque Ti[N-m] 19.10 18.71
Indicated power Li[KW] 4.01 3.75
ISFC bi[g / KW-h ] 177.2 163.3
Table 2. Difference on the basis of engine parameters[4]
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Comparison between Six Stroke Diesel & Dual Fuel Six Stroke engines
Engine Parameters Six Stroke Diesel Engine Dual Fuel Six Stroke
Diesel Engine
Engine Speed Ne [rpm] 2016 2006
Injection quantity per cycle
(Second Combustion Stroke)
Mf2[mg/cycle]
8.0
(Diesel Fuel)
17.2
(Methanol)
Excess air ratio 1.86 1.93
Brake torque Tb[N-m] 6.18 6.08
Brake power Lb[kW] 1.52 1.5
B.S.F.C. b [ g / kW.h] 504.0 777.7
I.M.E.P. Pi[kgf / cm2] 4.56 4.75
Indicated torque Ti[N-m] 21.68 20.38
Indicated power Li[kW] 3.45 2.98
I.S.F.C. bi[g / kW.h ] 155.5 236.2
Indicated specific heat consumption
bi [MJ /kW.h] 6.61 6.37
Table 3. Difference between diesel & dual fuel six stroke engines[4]
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IMPROVEMENTS IN EXHAUST
Characteristic /
Engines
Four Stroke
Diesel
Engine
Six Stroke
Diesel Engine
Dual Fuel Six
Stroke Engine
Nitrous Oxide [ppm]
( % improvement) 768
113
(85.3%)
90.5
(88.2%)
Soot [%]
(%improvement) 6.8
28.8
(- 323.5%)
0
(100%)
Indicated specific heat
consumption bi [MJ/KW-
h]
(% improvement)
7.51 6.61
(12.0%)
6.37
(15.2%)
Table 4. Comparison among engines on the basis of Exhaust[5]
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ADVANTAGES
Reduction in fuel consumptionby at least 40%.Two expansions(work/Power stroke) in six strokes.
Dramatic reduction in pollution ( up to 65%).
Higher overall efficiency .Lowerengine temperature & noise level.
Due to more air intake, the cooling system is
improved.
Better scavenging and more extraction of work per
cycle.
Less inertia due to lightness of moving parts.
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DISADVANTAGES
Brake power & indicated power per cycle
per cylinder is comparatively lesser.
Engine size increases due to many number
of cylinders & additional components.
Higher manufacturing cost of six stroke
engine.
Lack of perfect coordination between valves.
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APPLICATIONS
Automobiles, heavy goods, construction-
site and farm vehicles.
Motor-pumps, generator sets, stationaryengines etc. Intended for agriculture and
industry.
150cc six-stroke Taiwanesesingle-cylinder
bike fromYingangis ready to roll.
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CONCLUSION
Drastically reducing fuel consumption (by 40%) andpollution (by 60-90%) without radically affecting
performances.
For the dual fuel six-stroke engine, soot & nitrous
oxide was practically eliminated by a small amount of
methanol in the second combustion process.
It enables lower engine temperatureand therefore
increases in the overall efficiency.
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REFERENCES
[1]http://www.bajulazsa.com/Site/sixstrokeexplanations.html
[2] http://sixstroke.com/specifications.htm
[3] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six-stroke_engine
[4] Conklina J. C. and Szybist J. P., "A Highly EfficientSix-Stroke Internal Combustion Engine Cycle withWater Injection for In-Cylinder Exhaust HeatRecovery", Energy, Volume 35, Issue 4, pp. 1658-
1664 (2010).[5] Crower B. Method and apparatus for operating aninternal combustion engine. United States patentapplication 20070022977; 2005.
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