site-investigation site visit

8/17/2019 Site-Investigation Site Visit

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TABLE OF CONTENT

BIL ITEM PAGES

1.1 INTRODUCTION.

1.2 SITE INVESTIGATION.

STAGES OF SITE INVESTIGATION.

GROUND IMPROVEMENT.

- DEEP FOUNDATION.

- GEOTEXTILE.

- SOIL REPLACEMENT.

1.3 SITE LAYOUT.

1.4 BENEFITS OF SITE VISIT.

1.5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

1.6 APPENDIX

1.1 INTRODUCTION

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1.2 SITE INVESTIGATION

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4/26

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a) Stages of site investigation.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundation_(architecture)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundation_(architecture)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shallow_foundationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shallow_foundationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shallow_foundationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundation_(architecture)


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+& )#n0. G#n#&+' !t-+& )#n0 , ,# +, + t#$7!&+& $#+, t! $$!%# t#

nn0 %#*! +n #8t&,!n )# , +77#. S#+$, + ,%,#9#nt t#,t# t! #n, t+t

t# + n! #+/, +n t+t t# + 7&!7#& !n#.

G#!$#$%&+n#, + ,# % $+n !$7+n#, +n !nt&+t!&, n +n #**!&t t!

$n$# t# #**#t !* $+n #"#!7$#nt +t"t#, !n t# #n"&!n$#nt. T,' +t!0

0#!$#$%&+n# n#&, ,# n $+n +77+t!n,' t# + #,7#+ $7!&t+nt *!& )+,t#

!nt+n$#nt. T# + $+n*+t *&!$ 0 &+%# $+t#&+,' !*t#n )t +n

#87#t# *#t$# !* n, !* #+&,. T# $,t %# ,,t+nt t! #$+, +n t! )#+&'

,! t+t t# 7+,,+0# !* t$# +n !&&!,!n ! n!t +**#t t# nt#0&t !* t# nn0 +n t##n"&!n$#nt , 7&!t#t#.

iii) Soi% re"%a(e!ent#Soi% E&(ange).

T# P+0! !n,t&t!n +,! n"!"# !* +t#&n0 t# ,!. (#n 7+nnn0 t# #,0n

+n !n,t&t!n !* + %n0' +&t#t, +n #n0n##&, $,t *&,t !n,#& t# #8,tn0

!nt!n, !* t# ,t#. S!' t# 7&!#,, !* +n0 !* 7!!& ,! )t + %#tt#& ,! , !n#.

In t, $#t!' t# 7!!& ,! + n#&0&!n , $!"#, +n %#n0 +# )t !t#&

,!. T# )#+/ ,! + #8+"+t# +, ,t+t# n t# 7+n +n t#n +# )t + $!

,t+%# $+t#&+ +n t#n !$7+t#. An ,! t+t $!"# + ,t! +n ,# +t t#

+,t !* t# !n,t&t!n +, + +n,+7# ,!.

S! $7&!"#$#nt , ,# t! n+,# %#+&n0 +7+t +n ,t+%t !* ,! ) ,

t! +"! *+. A,! t, $#t! , ,# t! # t# 7!,t !n,t&t!n ,#tt#$#nt,. Bt

n!&$+ n !n,t&t!n 7&!#,, $#t! !* ,! +#$#nt , n!t +)+, %#n0 ,#

#"#n t!0t , #,t# n + !t, !* t#n#&. It , %#+,# !* n#!n!$+' t$#-

!n,$n0 7&!#,, +,,!+t# )t 0 !,t,. T, $#+n, t+t t+8 $!n# +n ,!&#,


13/26

+ )+,t# +n #87#n,"# +n* ,7+# , . Bt n t, 7&!#t t# $!"#, ,!

, ,# %+/ +, t# +,t +n,+7# ++.

B+,# !n #t+# t#n+ +n #!n!$ +n+,, t, )+, ## t! +77 t# ,!

#8+n0# !n#7t +, t# $+!& ,! $7&!"#$#nt t#n9# *!& + 7#+t ++, #8#7t *!&

!n# ##7 7#+t ++. S$+& 0#!!0 +n 0#!t#n+ !nt!n, +t + ,t#, +n t# ,#$-

9 ,t+t# !* !&0+n ,!, #n+%# t# 0n0 !* t# !&0+n $+t#&+' #7# % t#

+77+t!n !* +n !"#&!+ *' ) n# t# 7, !t 7&!#,, !* t# !&0+n

#7!,t,. In t# +,# !* 4 ,$+#& +n ,+!) 7#+t ++, :#7t 2-4 $; t# ,$7#

0n0 t#n9# )+, +77#. A*t#& $!"n0 + !&0+n ,!, t# n#) $n#&+ *

)+, !n,t&t# n +#&, )t !$7+t!n !* #+ +.4= $ +#&. A t# #8+n0# +n!$7+t!n )!&/, )# #8#t# n & !nt!n,' )t t# 0&!n )+t#& t+%# !)#

t! %#!) t# %!tt!$ !* !&0+n #7!,t,. In t# +,# !* ##7#& 7#+t ++,' 0#n#&+

#8##n0 t# #7t !* 4 $' t# 0n0 +n 7, !t t#n9# )+, +77#. A*t#&

!$7#t!n !* 0n0 +n 7,n0 !t' + !&0+n #7!,t, )# +# % + ,+n

* !* "#& !) #n,t. T# $n#&+ *' !$7!,# !* n!n-!#,"# 0&+n+& $+t#&+'

+ t! n#&0! + ,&*+# +n ##7 !$7+t!n 7&!#,,. T# )!# ,! $7&!"#$#nt

!7#&+t!n )+, +&&# !t n 3 7+,#,.

$ase 1*

T# +#$#nt !* !&0+n ,! % 0n0 +n t# 7, !t 7&!#,, )+,

n# % +n !"#&!+ *. T# 7, !t !* !&0+n ,!, )+, 7!,,%# # t! t, "#&

!) "+n# ,#+& ,,t+n# n t# !&#& !* 1=2= /P+' +n t! t# ,#$-9 ,t+t# !* t#

#7!,t,. T# #0t !* t# !"#&!+ * )+, ++t# ,! t+t t# 7#+t ! %# 7,#

!t +#+ !* t# *. B#*! t, ,t+0# !* )!&/' + t#, +n %,#, )# $!"# +n

t# t!7-,&*+# +#& !* 7#+t )+, +,! $!"#. Bn0 t# !"#&!+ * )+, 0#n#&+

+&&# !t n 2 !& 3 t!n,. In !&#& t! ,7## 7 t# 7, !t 7&!#,, t# ##"+t#

$+,,#, !* 7#+t )# !ntn+ $!"# *&!$ t# #+ !* t# *. T# * *!&$# n t#

,7+# +*t#& 7#+t +#$#nt )+, #,0n# t! %# $ )#& !n #+ ,# !$7+ t! t#


14/26

#,0n# $!t!&)+ #$%+n/$#nt. T, #n+%#, *t )#nn0 !* t# $!t!&)+ t! t#

3-+n# ,,t#$. A*t#& t# ,! +#$#nt 7&!#,, )+, *n+# + n$%#& !* !nt&!

%!!#, )# #8#t# n !&#& t! #/ t# #**#t"#n#,, !* t# 7&!#,,' +n t!

#nt* !n#, )# 7#+t )+, ,t 7,#nt. Dn+$ !& ,t+t !n# 7#n#t&+t!n t#,t,

)# +,! #8#t# t! #t#&$n# t# !$7+t!n +n #n,t n#8 !* n#) *!&$# *.

It , $7!&t+nt t! ,t+t# t+t t# +77# $#t! !#, n!t +)+, 0+&+nt## t!t+

+#$#nt !* !&0+n ,!, +n ,!$#t$#, !#, n!t +!) ,**#nt !$7+t!n !* t#

n#) $+# 0&+n+& * ) , n $!,t +,#, , 7+&t !& t!t+ ,+t&+t# :,%$#&0#

n#& )+t#&;.

$ase 2*

D##7 !$7+t!n !* t# $n#&+ *' ) n $!,t +,#, )+, %#!) t# #8,tn0

0&!n )+t#& #"#. T# $n#&+ * 7+# n t# ,7+# +*t#& 7#+t +n 0t+ $!"+ ,

+)+, !* + "#& !) #n,t' !$7+t!n n#8 )+, n t# !&#& !* =.15-=.25' t#*!

t + t! n#&0! + !$7+t!n 7&!#,, t+t 0+&+nt## t# n+,# !* t# +"#&+0#

!$7+t!n n#8 :ID; t! +t #+,t ='5=-='55 :P&!t!&, n#8 +%!"# ='4;. In ,+!)

++,' )# $n#&+ ,! +#&, )# 7+# n & !nt!n, + ,&*+# !$7+t!n

$#t! )+, +77# :#+ +. 4= $ +#& !* ,! )+, !$7+t# % "%&+tn0 &!#&, !& #+" "%&! 7+t#,;. In +,#, )# t# n#) *!&$# * )+, %#!) 0&!n )+t#& t+%#

+ ##7 "%&! !$7+t!n $#t! )+, !,#n. In +,#, )# ,!$# !&0+n ,!,

$+n# +n )# #t#t#' % !nt&! %!!#,' t )+, ## t! *!&$ 0&+"#

!$n, % + %!tt!$ *# "%&! *!t H % +77+t!n !* t# "%&! #8+n0# $#t!. In

++, )# + !&0+n #7!,t, )# $!"# t# n#) *!&$# * )+, !n

!$7+t# % ,$7# "%&! !$7+t!n t#n9#. G#n#&+ ,+n +n 0&+"# !$n, !*

+. =.= $ n +$#t#& +n "#&,# #n0t )# *!&$# )t ,7+n0 "+&n0 *&!$ 2.= $

t! 2.4 $. T# #n0t !* ,+n +n 0&+"# !$n, )+, #,0n# ,! t+t #+ !$n

7#n#t&+t#, +t #+,t =.5 $ nt! t# $n#&+ %#+&n0 ,!, n#&n0 !&0+n #7!,t,. In

!n#, )t ,!*t !#,"# ,!, t# ,+n +n 0&+"# !$n, )# +t #+,t 1.=-1.5 $

!n0#&.


15/26

A*t#& *n+n0 t# ##7 !$7+t!n 7&!#,, ,#"#&+ n+$ !& ,t+t !n#

7#n#t&+t!n t#,t, )# +&&# !t t! "#&* t# #**#t"#n#,, !* t# !$7+t!n 7&!#,,.

T# !$7+t!n t#,t, )# +&&# !t n ,7+# %#t)##n !$n,. In + 1=-7#+t ++,

)# t# "%&! $#t! )+, +77# t# "#&*n0 !$7+t!n t#,t 7&!"# t+t t# "%&!

t#n9# )+, "#& #**#nt. T# A"#&+0# n#8 !* #n,t :ID; #t#&$n# *!& t#

n#) *!&$# * #8### t# "+# !* =.6=' t# P&!t!&, !$7+t!n n#8 )+, +%!"#

='5.

$ase +*

L#"#n0 !* t# ,&*+# !* n#) *!&$# * +n ,&*+# !$7+t!n % +

"%&+tn0 &!#&. On t!7 !* t# !$7+t# $n#&+ * + 0&+"# +#& !* 4= $ t/n#,,

)+, !n,t&t#. T, )+, t# *!n+t!n *!& *&t#& !n,t&t!n !* t# &!+

#$%+n/$#nt. A*t#& t# !n,t&t!n !* t# #$%+n/$#nt ,#tt#$#nt, !* t# )!#

,t&t )# !%,#&"# *!& +t #+,t 3 $!nt, +*t#& )!&/ !$7#t!n. T# +"#&+0#

,#tt#$#nt, !* t# t!7 !* t# 0&+"# +#&' *!& + $#+, ,t#,' )# n t# &+n0# !* 2-4

$ +n 7&+t+ ,t!77# )tn t# t$# !* !%,#&"+t!n :3 t! 4 $!nt;.

A*t#& *n,n0 t# ##7 ,! #8+n0# 7&!#,,' t# n,t+%# ,! *&!$ t#

#8+"+t!n !n t# !n,t&t!n ,#' ,+ n### t! %# $7 +t ,! $7n0 7+#

%#+,# t, t7# !* ,! !nt+n t# !&0+n ,%,t+n# ) +n #0&+# +n +t# t#

,#tt#$#nt !n t# %n0 n + *t. B#+,# !* t, & !* !&0+n ,%,t+n#' t +,!

) 7&!$!t# t# t#&$t# !!n ) , #"#nt+ ) #n+n0#& t# %n0. T#

n,t+%# ,! , +t+ +"# t, !)n *nt!n *!& #8+$7# )# +n $8 t# n,t+%#

,! )t t# !t#& ,! *!& +n,+7n0 )!&/. It, #"#nt+ ) 7&!$!t# t# 0&!)t !*

t# +n,+7# 7+nt !& t#.


16/26

1.+ SITE 'A,OUT

P&!#t !* B+n+& Un"#&,t P+0! , +#+ !* ,##. St# +!t , !n# *+t!& !*

,#,,* n !n,t&t!n.

T# !nt&!n0 !nt&+t!& $,t !n,#& $+n *+t!&, )#n +n0 !t + ,t# t!

,77!&t !n,t&t!n !7#&+t!n,?

• St# +n %n0 ,# +n !n*0&+t!n.

L!+t!n !* ++#nt &!+,' %n0,' +n tt#,.

• S! !nt!n, +n #8+"+t!n $#nt,.

• C!n,t&t!n ,#9#n# +n ,##.

• L!+t!n !* n#&0&!n tt#,.

• E97$#nt $#nt,.

M+t#&+ 9+ntt' ,t!&+0#' +n #"#&.

• (!&/#& 7+&/n0.

• T!! +n #97$#nt ,t!&+0#.

• C!n,t&t!n !7#&+t!n, *+t#, +n t&+#&,.

• S+nt+& *+t#,.


17/26

St# 7+n, ,+ n# #8,tn0 ,t# !nt!n,' ++#nt &!+,' +n t!7!0&+7+

n*!&$+t!n.


18/26

A%!"# , +n #8+$7# !* + ,t# 7+n t+t , n# n t# 7&!#t &+)n0,.

T# 7t ,!), t# !+t!n !* t# %n0 t! %# !n,t&t#.

Te goa% of site %a-out is to o"ti!ie ere(tion "ro(esses.

• T# n$%#& !* &+n# !+t!n, , /#7t t! + $n$$.

• L+!)n ++, ,! %# +, !,# +, 7!,,%# t! t# ,t&t.

• T, , + #7#n#nt !n ,t# ,# +n &+n# ,7#*+t!n,.

• T# #nt ,t&t ,!)n +%!"# )+, +%# t! %# #t# )t t# &+)#& &+n#

!+t# n !n# 7!,t!n !n t# #*t ,# !* t# %n0.

1./ 0ENEITS O SITE VISIT

T# )!& !* + !n,t&t!n ,t# , n/# +n !t#&. ItJ, #8tn0' )!n&!,' ,t+&tn0'

+n n*!&$+t"#. T# $+n %#n#*t *!& , t+t )# +n 0#t +, + " #n0n##&n0

t#n!!0#, ,t#nt +&n0 t! t, ,t# ",t. F&,t !* +' )# )# +%# t! 0+t#& +,

$ n7t +, )# +n n !&#& t! $7&!"# !& n#&,t+nn0 n !n,t&t!n )!&/ &n0

t, ",t. (# /n!) )+t #8+t t# t#n!!0 +n t#n9# !* !n,t&t!n t+t +"#

%##n $7#$#nt# t! t, 7&!#t.

N#8t' )# + n*!&$# +n %&#*# +%!t t, 7&!#t +n t, +t!n t! UTM

$! t!&!0. B#,#,' )# +,! /n!) !) t, !n,t&t!n $+n+0#& *&!$ S$#

D+&% 7+nnn0 +n ,#n0 t#& )!&/ 7&!0,,. A*t#& t+t' ,t# ",t +,! 0+"# , +

+n# t! ,## !) + ,t# *nt!n# +n !) $7!&t+nt t , t! $+n+0# &,/, )#n

tn/n0 +%!t %n0 n n#) #"#!7 ++. It )! %# 0+t * n t# *t' )#n t#

,t# )+, n#+&n0 !$7#t!n' !& !$7#t#' * )# )# +%# t! ,## !) $ t +,

+n0# ,n# )# +,t ,+) t. At t# ,+$# t$#' )# + +%# t! +,/ 9#,t!n +&n0 t!

t# )!&/ n"!"# n t, !n,t&t!n ) , %+, t! t, ,%#t !* ,t# n"#,t0+t!n.

S +, !) t#& 0#!t#n+ n"#,t0+t!n !n ,t# + !n# %#*! t# %n0 +n

!n,t&t!n %#0n' t7# !* ,!t!n t# ,#' +n !) t# !"#&!$# t# ,t+t!n. (#

#+&n t! +n# 7,, ,$+&t.

In +t!n' )# +,! /# !) t# t!& !* t# ,t# )+, "+&#. (# 0!t t# +n#

t! !!/ +t )+t t , /# t! %# + ,t# #n0n##& +n !) t# **#nt +,7#t, !*


19/26

!n,t&t!n !$%n# t!0#t#& !n ,t#. F!& #8+$7#' !) t# )!!)!&/#&, !n ,t# )#

7+&n0 %n0 $+t#&+, +n #+&nn0 +%!t !) t#,# )! %# ,# n t#

%n0. I 7+&t+& *!n t# #87+n+t!n !* !) t# In,t&+ Bn0 S,t#$

:IBS; )! %# *tt# nt! t# %n0 t! %# "#& nt#,tn0.

A, + !n,!n' t#,# ,t# ",t, + 0"# , $! n#&,t+nn0 +%!t t#

tn0, t+t + ,# t! %# &n0 !n,t&t!n 7&!0,,. (t t+t' )# /n!) )+t t#

$7!&t+nt +,7#t t+t )# n## t! ,tn0t#n 7 n !&#& t! %# + ,#,,* #n0n##& n

*t.

1. CONC'USION AND RECO33ENDATION.

A, + !n,!n' t# !%#t"# !* t, ,t# ",t )+, $+n t! *+$+&#

!&,#"#, )t t# !7#&+t!n, +t t# + !n,t&t!n ,t# )# +t t# ,+$# t$# #+&nn0

n#) tn0, , +#"#. T, , + 0!! #87#&#n# *!& , t! #87! +n n#&,t+n $!

+%!t !n,t&t!n )!&/ 7&!0,, +n +t t# ,+$# t$# t! *## t# + ,t+t!n n

)!&/7+# +n +#n0#, *+#, &n0 !n,t&t!n 7&!#,,.

D&n0 t# ,t# ",t' )# )# #87!,# t! "+&!, !n,t&t!n $#t!'

$+n#&#, +n +,! + +n# t! !%,#&"# t# !n,t&t!n )!&/. T,' )# + +%# t!

/n!) t# t7#, !* 0&!n t#,tn0 +n 0&!n $7&!"#$#nt ,# n t, 7&!#t. A,!

n#&,t+n t# &!# !* ,&"#n0 &n0 !n,t&t!n. T# $+n %#n#*t *!& , t+t )#

+n 0#t +, + " #n0n##&n0 t#n!!0#, ,t#nt +&n0 t! t, ,t# ",t. T, ,t#

",t t#+ , +n #7 , t! +t# t# t#!& +n 7&+t+ n"!"# n t# ,%#t )#

#+&n.


20/26

A, + !$$#n+t!n' t, t7# !* ,t# ",t ,! %##n !n# $! t! #87!,#

,t#nt )t +t# *#. It , + 0!! %&0# *!& ,t#nt t! $7&!"# !& /n!)#0#

+&n0 t# ,/ +n +77 t# t#!& t+t + %##n #+&n. T, t, )! #7 , t!

#nt* t# ,/ +n ,7!n,%t#, +, t#n!!0,t !n ,t#. T, +,! ,! %# +n

nt#0&+ 7+&t !* t# ,%#t.

1.4 A$$ENDI5

T# 7&!#t $+n+0#& !* 0#& E+t!n % P+0! 0"# %&#*n0 +%!t t# 7&!#t +n

+ 7&!0,, !* t# !n,t&t!n !* t# UTM %n0.


21/26


22/26


23/26


24/26

T# 7&!0,, !* !n,t&t!n +n t, #t+,.

3D $!# !* 0#& E+t!n % P+0! *&!$ t# 7+n "#).


25/26

S+**!n0 , ,# n t# !n,t&t!n !* UTM %n0.


26/26

T# 7&!0,, !* !n,t&t!n !* UTM %n0 ,! *+&.

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