sisi ilmiah massage dan aroma care

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Sisi IlmiahMassage dan Aroma Care

Berbasis Psikoneuroimunologi

Oleh : Joni Haryanto


Dr. Joni Haryanto, S.Kp., MSi.

Lecturer Nursing Faculty. UA SurabayaChairman of the Commission for Health Research Ethics

Chairman of Legal & Politics Division of Nursing Organization in East Java

Member of Elderly Regional Commission Prov. East JavaMember of Community Nursing Collegium Indonesia

Member of the Gerontological Advance Practice Nurse Association (GAPNA)

Practitioner of Nursing Complementary & AlternativeVice Dean of the Faculty of Nursing Universitas Airlangga

E-mail: [email protected] WA: +6289630281001HP: +6281357431666


Pendahuluan• WHO (2020) Lansia 60 tahun telah mencapai

14% dari Penduduk Dunia

• Pada tahun 2000 jumlah Lansia sekitar 5,300,000 (7,4%) dari total populasi, sedangkan pada tahun 2010 jumlah Lansia 24,000,000 (9,77%) dari total populasi, dan tahun 2020 diperkirakan jumlah Lansia mencapai 28,800,000 (11,34%) dari total populasi..

• AHH th 2011 (70,76) tahun, ♀ sekitar 73.38, sedangkan ♂ lebih rendah yaitu 68.26

Angka Harapan Hidup

• Data BPS (2018), AHH

– Tertinggi di DI Yogyakarta 74,84 tahun (73,03 tahun ♂ dan 76,65 tahun♀).

– Terendah Sulwesi Barat 64,61 tahun (62,76 tahun bagi ♂dan 66,47 tahun bagi♀)


Burden Diseases Older Adult

• Pada th 2020 Persentase Lansia Indonesia 11,34% (28,8 juta jiwa)

• Angka kesakitan Lansia 25,05%.

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92% Lansia mempunyai paling tidak satu masalahkesehatan kronik dan

77% Lansia mempunya 2 masalah kronik

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JH 21

Premature Aging (Progeria)

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Characteristic Of Elderly Diseases (Stieglitz, 1954)

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Multipatology, degenerative,inter-connective, atypical presentation

Chronic, longstanding disability until death occurs

Polypharmacy iatrogenesis

Psychological and social component

Maintaining functional capacity over life course

Age

Early Life

Growth and

development

Adult Life

Maintaining highest

Possible level of function

Older Age

Maintaining independence and

Preventing disability

Disability threshold*

Rehabilitation and ensuring

the quality of life

Source : Kalache and Kickbusch, 1997

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Permasalahan Lansia


1) Chronic health conditions

2) Cognitive health

3) Mental health

4) Physical injury

5) HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases

6) Malnutrition

7) Sensory impairments

8) Oral health

9) Substance abuse

10)Bladder control and constipation

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JH 21

Psychoneuroimmunology


• Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a discipline that has evolved in the last 40 years to study the relationship between immunity, the endocrine system, and the central and peripheral nervous systems.

– In this manner, neurotransmitters, hormones, and neuropeptides have been found to regulate immune cells, and these in turn are capable of communicating with nervous tissue through the secretion of a wide variety of cytokines.


5 of Senses

Amygdala

Hippocampus

Hypothalamus

Thalamus

Limbic system

Touch

Eyes

Nose

Ear

Taste

Adrenal

Cortex

Anterior

Pituitary

CRF

ACTH

Cortisol

Mineralocorticoid

Glucocorticoid

Lymphosid T

Growth hormone

Older

People

Psikoneuroimunolgi (PNI)

What is PNI ?

• Study of the interrelations between the endocrine, central nervous system and the immune system (Cohen & Herbert 1996)

• More specifically: Drawing on psychology & nursing, study of how emotional & mental states & social conditions (psychosocial factors) reciprocally link, through nervous & endocrine systems, to immune system & ultimately to immunological health & disease


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The truth

Curing is the actual eradication of

a disease.

Caring is a sense of wholeness

and completeness.

Konsep Pavlov • The Development of

Classical Conditioning

Theory (Ivan Pavlov,

1904)


The Case of man Wright

• Dokter Bruno Klopfer mengobati

laki-laki bernama Tn Wright yang

menderita Kanker

• Awal dikenalkan Krebiozen sebagai

obat tiada tanding untuk melawan

kanker Tn Wright sembuh.

• Tn Wright kambuh lagi setelah

BPOM menyatakan Krebiozen tidak

bagus


Massage

• Banker (2014)– Otot dipijat (CCL) mengalami penurunan TNF-α

dan IL-6

• Griffin (2020)– Hasil risetnya, bahwa pijat dapat meningkatkan

system kekebalan tubuh dan membuang toxin dari tubuh melalui mekanisme peningkatan aliran darah

• Vernandez (2014)– Pijat dapat memodulasi Ig A dan mengurangi

kehadiran mediator pro-inflamasi


Aroma Care

• Lie M (2017)– Aroma melalui inhalasi minyak esensial dapat

meredakan stres, depresi, dan meningkatkan kualitas tidur, dan fungsi kekebalan tubuh

• Chen-P (2017)– Efek jangka panjang aroma pada kadar IgA

saliva post test lebih tinggi dari pada saat pre test

• Vernandez (2014)– Aroma Lavender memiliki sifat anti-virus, anti-

mikroba, dan anti-bakteri dengan peningkatan sistem pertahanan alami tubuh.



Comfort

Neurotransmitters

Neurotransmitters

Serotonin Serotonin

Cortisol

Cortisol

Dopamine DopamineEndorphin Endorphin


Substance P

Serotonine

Deep Sleep

Melatonin

NK cell

Activity NK cell

Moderate Pressure Massage

1. Pain 2. Inflamasi 3. Stress 4. Vasodilatasi

1. Permibilitas 2. Edema 3. Inflamasi 4. Infiltrasi leukosit


the anti-inflammatory activity of EORO occur mainly through inhibition of NF-κB transcription and suppression of arachidonic acid cascade

Kesimpulan

• Lansia adalah manusia dengan kondisi bio-psiko-sosio yang telah menurun

• Psychoneuroimmunology adalah discipline hybrid Psikologi/Syaraf + Neurohormonal + Immunology

• Massage dengan tekanan sedang dapat meningkatkan tidur dan daya tahan tubuh

• Aromacare yang tidak menimbulkan iritasi saluran nafas dapat meningkatkan imunitas lansia


Penutup

Terimakasih atas perhatian

semuanya


Bila menginginkan ppt ini bisa di

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sisi ilmiah massage dan aroma care

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