Single Event Upset (SEU) Study of Seastar, and the MAP Anomaly

C. Poivey, J. Barth, G. Gee, H. Safren,K. LaBel, C. Dyer, A. Campbell

2002 SEE SymposiumLos Angeles, CA April 23-25, 2002

Work sponsored by NASA ERC program and DTRA

2

Outline

• Introduction• SEASTAR flight data

• Map Anonaly• Conclusion

3

Introduction

• SEASTAR in flight SEU performance were presented in SEE2000 symposium. We present an update that shows the effect of the solar activity and Solar Particle Events (SPE).

• Then we present the the anomaly on the Microwave Anisotropy Probe (MAP) that has been probably caused by solar heavy ions.

4

SeaStar MissionAltitude:

705 km - 705kmInclination:

98.2°Dates: September

1997 - Present• Data from 1/1/1999 to

3/12/2002 has been analyzed for this study

Technology: • FDR1&2 - Seakr Solid State

Recorders (SSR) w/ 64MB of Memory– EDAC (16,22) Modified Hamming

Code - single bit correct, double bit detect

– Telemetry gathered at 10 second intervals

– Watchdog timer w/ soft reset - 1 second timeout

• DRAM - Hitachi MDM1400G-120, 4megabit x 1bit– 220 DRAMs per FDR– designed in 1994; now obsolete and

hard to find

5

SEASTAR FDR Number of SEU per Day

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1/1/19

99

3/1/19

99

5/1/19

99

7/1/19

99

9/1/19

99

11/1/

1999

1/1/20

00

3/1/20

00

5/1/20

00

7/1/20

00

9/1/20

00

11/1/

2000

1/1/20

01

3/1/20

01

5/1/20

01

7/1/20

01

9/1/20

01

11/1/

2001

1/1/20

02

3/1/20

02

Nu

mb

er o

f S

EU

July 14-15, 2000

November 9-10, 2000

4/15/2001

9/25/2001

November 5-6,2001

6

Solar protons flux - 2000

0.01

0.1

1

10

100

1000

10000

1/1/20

00

2/1/20

00

3/1/20

00

4/1/20

00

5/1/20

00

6/1/20

00

7/1/20

00

8/1/20

00

9/1/20

00

10/1/

2000

11/1/

2000

12/1/

2000

Pro

ton

s in

teg

ral f

lux

(#/c

m2-

s)

>100MeV> 60 MeV> 50 MeV>30 MeV

7

Solar protons 2001

0.01

0.1

1

10

100

1000

100001/

1/20

01

2/1/

2001

3/1/

2001

4/1/

2001

5/1/

2001

6/1/

2001

7/1/

2001

8/1/

2001

9/1/

2001

10/1

/200

1

11/1

/200

1

12/1

/200

1

Inte

gra

l Flu

x (#

/cm

2-s)

>100MeV>60MeV>50MeV>30MeV

8

1.E+00

1.E+01

1.E+02

1.E+03

1.E+04

1.E+05

7/14/2

000

7/15/2

000

11/9/

2000

11/10

/2000

4/15/2

001

9/25/2

001

11/5/

2001

11/6/

2001

Inte

gra

l pro

ton

flu

x (#

/cm

2 -s)

>10MeV >30 MeV >50MeV >60MeV >100MeV

1188 SEU

633 SEU1207 SEU

229 SEU

466 SEU

342 SEU

468 SEU477 SEU

9

0.00

200.00

400.00

600.00

800.00

1000.00

1200.00

1400.00

7/14

/200

0

7/15

/200

0

11/9

/200

0

11/1

0/20

00

4/15

/200

1

9/25

/200

1

11/5

/200

1

11/6

/200

1

Nu

mb

er o

f S

EU

FD

R 1

&2

0.00

20.00

40.00

60.00

80.00

100.00

120.00

140.00

160.00

Inte

gra

l pro

ton

flu

x >

100

MeV

(#/

cm2-

s)

number of SEUprotons>100MeV

10

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

-180 -160 -140 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Longitude

Lat

itu

de

Typical day 7/13/200: ~ 80% of SEU occur in SAA

Protons > 10 MeV, Flux>10p/cm2-s

11

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

-180 -160 -140 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Longitude

Lat

itu

de

Solar Event 7/14/2000

Protons > 10 MeV, Flux>10p/cm2-s

12

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

-180 -160 -140 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Longitude

Lat

itu

de

Protons > 10 MeV, Flux>10p/cm2-s

Solar Event: 7/14-15/2000

13

0

30

60

90

- 30

- 60

- 90

Errors per cell ofarea 4000 sq . km.

20 or more5- 192- 41

0 30 60 90 120 150 180- 30- 60- 90- 120- 150- 180

SeaStar Satellite : SEUs at 705 Km AltitudeH10 - second transmissions only LJanuary 1, 1999 - Mar . 14 , 2002

Seastar- Geographic Plot of Single Hits

Longitude

Latit

ude

14

SEASTAR FDR1&2, Number of SEU per Day

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

1/1/19

99

3/1/19

99

5/1/19

99

7/1/19

99

9/1/19

99

11/1/1

999

1/1/20

00

3/1/20

00

5/1/20

00

7/1/20

00

9/1/20

00

11/1/2

000

1/1/20

01

3/1/20

01

5/1/20

01

7/1/20

01

9/1/20

01

11/1/2

001

1/1/20

02

3/1/20

02

Num

ber

of S

EU

15

SEASTAR FDR1&2 monthly average

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Jan-

99F

eb-9

9M

ar-9

9A

pr-9

9M

ay-9

9Ju

n-99

Jul-9

9A

ug-9

9S

ep-9

9O

ct-9

9N

ov-9

9D

ec-9

9Ja

n-00

Feb

-00

Mar

-00

Apr

-00

May

-00

Jun-

00Ju

l-00

Aug

-00

Sep

-00

Oct

-00

Nov

-00

Dec

-00

Jan-

01F

eb-0

1M

ar-0

1A

pr-0

1M

ay-0

1Ju

n-01

Jul-0

1A

ug-0

1S

ep-0

1O

ct-0

1N

ov-0

1D

ec-0

1Ja

n-02

Feb

-02

Nu

mb

er o

f S

EU

(S

EU

/day

)

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

Sm

oo

thed

su

nsp

ot

nu

mb

er

Average 1999: 246Average 2000:214

Average 2001:194

16

Conclusion SEASTAR

• The data collected shows a significant sensitivity to solar protons.

• But only high energy protons (>100 MeV). This suggests a significant amount of shielding.

• The data also shows the fluctuation of the SEU numbers (and therefore the trapped proton fluxes) with the solar activity.

17

Study of the MicroWave Anisotropy Probe (MAP) anomaly

• Launched June 30, 2001• Reached final position on L2 end of September, 2001.• Reset of spacecraft processor on November 5, 2001.

R=3.6k

LM139

LM139

LM139

R=5.1k

R=10k

R=1.5k

R=1k

R=100k

10 ? F

Vref2.5V

Vref2.5V

Vref2.5V

+5V

+5V

AC14

AC14

AC14

AC14

AC14AC14

18

0.5 to 4~1.5E-3

#/comparator-day#/comparator-day

Solar EventSET rateCREME 96Worst week

GCR SET rateCREME96Solar maximum

LM139 SET rate on L2 (200mV differential input voltage)

19

FAWKE SOLAR EVENT

0.01

0.1

1

10

100

1000

10000

3-Nov 4-Nov 5-Nov 6-Nov 7-Nov 8-Nov 9-Nov 10-Nov 11-Nov

Inte

gra

l Pro

ton

flu

x (#

cm2 -s

)

>10MeV>30MeV>50MeV

>60MeV>100MeV

20

Integral LET Spectra at 1AU (Z=1-92) 100 mils Aluminum Shielding, CREME96

1.00E-10

1.00E-09

1.00E-08

1.00E-07

1.00E-06

1.00E-05

1.00E-04

1.00E-03

1.00E-02

1.00E-01

1.00E+00

1.00E+01

1.00E+02

1.00E+03

1.00E+04

1.00E+05

1.00E+06

1.E-03 1.E-02 1.E-01 1.E+00 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03

LET energy (MeV-cm2/mg)

LE

T f

luen

ce (

#/cm

2 -s)

SPE 5' average over peak

SPE worst day

SPE worst week

GCR solmin

GCR solmax

MPTB data fawke event (2926-2931)

MPTB data, peak event (2929)

21

Conclusion MAP• A heavy ion SET on the PM139 is the

probable cause for the anomaly.• Measurements from the CREDO LET

instrument have been very useful for identifying the cause of the reset.

• A possibility of a GCR induced SET can not be discounted.

• This anomaly demonstrates the need for accurate space environment information.

• The study of future resets will allow to give a more accurate information.