***Singapore; *Performance of CO2 Dry Cleaning with CavitationStevia SutantoDr. -Ing. habil. Victoria DutschkDr. ir. M.J.E. van RoosmalenProf. dr. G.J. Witkamp

****Presentation outlineIntroductionconventional process, CO2 dry cleaningMethodmaterial, set-up, process conditionsResults and discussionwashing results Conclusions

*****Conventional processIntroductionMethodsResultsConclusions

*****Why CO2?Performancenon-particulate soil: comparableparticulate soil removal: low less mechanical action Safe Cheap Abundant Tunable properties No drying required RecyclableIntroductionMethodsResultsConclusions

*****CO2 Phase DiagramIntroductionMethodsResultsConclusionsOperating condition:50 bars, 283 K

Material & analysisSoil motor oil/soot and sebum (WFK, Germany)

Textile cotton, polyester, polycotton, wool

Cleanability and redeposition level: Soil Additional Density (SAD) scanner Cleanability () and redeposition level (RL)

Additives ClipCOO detergent (Kreussler, Germany)

**IntroductionMethodsResultsConclusionsa: monitor before washingb: monitor after washingc: reference before washingd: reference after washing

CO2 dry-cleaning set-up**IntroductionMethodsResultsConclusions

Process conditions**IntroductionMethodsResultsConclusions

ParameterValueUnitTemperature285KPressure47barWashing time60minuteAmount of CO20.7LMechanical action:BubblingStirrerUltrasound transducer

6024,5180

rpmkHzW

Observation of bubbling**IntroductionMethodsResultsConclusionsabcdefg

Mechanical action on cleanability (motor oil/soot)**IntroductionMethodsResultsConclusionsbubbling

Mechanical action on redeposition level(motor oil/soot)**IntroductionMethodsResultsConclusionsbubbling

Mechanical action on cleanability(sebum)**IntroductionMethodsResultsConclusionsbubbling

Mechanical action on redeposition level(sebum)**IntroductionMethodsResultsConclusionsbubbling

ClipCOO detergent on cleanability(motor oil/soot)**IntroductionMethodsResultsConclusionsbubblingbubbling with ClipCOO

ClipCOO detergent on redeposition level(motor oil/soot)**IntroductionMethodsResultsConclusionsbubblingbubbling with ClipCOO

****ConclusionsThe best washing results are achieved simply by bubbling without using any additional energy sources.

There is no need to add ClipCOO detergent since it does not improve the washing results.

The washing performance of CO2 is lower (

*****Thank you for your attention!EFSM Twente UniversityProcess Equipment TU DelftFeyecon Carbon Dioxide TechnologiesUnileverKreusslerSTWAcknowledgement

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