simplicity by metaphor - iasdr tokyo 2013

byMetaphor

Simplicity

Lixia Zhang, Heekyoung Jung

How to apply metaphorto achieve simplicityin interaction design

Experimental Design on:

SIMPLICITY


SimplicityWhat is

SimplicityWhat is



“Breakfast Maker”the


SimplicityWhat is

Function Appearance


SimplicityWhat is


SimplicityWhat is

SUBTITLE

DIRECT NAVIGATOR

RETURNFUNCTIONS

TOP MENU MENU

ENTER

AUDIO ANGLE/PAGE SETUP

PLAY LIST

PLAYMODE PLAY SPEED ZOOM GROUP

PLAY

SLOW SEARCHSKIP

CANCEL QUICK REPLAY

MANUAL SKIP

DEPTH ENHANCER

MULTIRE-MASTER

ADVANCEDDISC REVIEW

AVENHANCER REPEAT

FL SELECTQUICK OSD OPEN/CLOSE

PAUSESTOP

100

7 8 9

4 5 6

1 2 3

MENU

Memorize

Don Norman The complexity of Simplicity

SimplicityWhat is


SUBTITLE

DIRECT NAVIGATOR

RETURNFUNCTIONS

TOP MENU MENU

ENTER


PLAY LIST


PLAY

SLOW SEARCHSKIP

CANCEL QUICK REPLAY

MANUAL SKIP

DEPTH ENHANCER

MULTIRE-MASTER

ADVANCEDDISC REVIEW

AVENHANCER REPEAT


PAUSESTOP

100

7 8 9

4 5 6

1 2 3

MENU

SimplicityWhat is



SUBTITLE

DIRECT NAVIGATOR

RETURNFUNCTIONS

TOP MENU MENU

ENTER


PLAY LIST


PLAY

SLOW SEARCHSKIP

CANCEL QUICK REPLAY

MANUAL SKIP

DEPTH ENHANCER

MULTIRE-MASTER

ADVANCEDDISC REVIEW

AVENHANCER REPEAT


PAUSESTOP

100

7 8 9

4 5 6

1 2 3

SimplicityWhat is


PerceivedSimplicity


SimplicityWhat is


OperationalSimplicity

MENU

PerceivedSimplicity

OperationalSimplicity

SimplicityWhat is



MENU

Gestalt PsychologyReduction Hierarchy(Hiding)


MethodsDesign

Metaphor was originally defined in linguistics as a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable. The essence of metaphor is to understand and experience one kind of thing in terms of another.

MetaphorWhat is

Lixia Zhang, Heekyoung JungLixia Zhang, Heekyoung Jung

MetaphorWhat is


As Lakoff and Johnson have argued that metaphor is the foundation of the conceptual system. It is foundation of how we understand things around us.

ColorGraphical

Shape

Digital

Display


Applied to DesignMetaphor

ColorGraphical

Shape

Digital

Display

Graphical Manipulation}



TextureShape

&

Size

Operation Physical

Feedback



TextureShape

&

Size

Operation

Physical Manipulation

Physical

Feedback}Applied to DesignMetaphor


Relationship: Abstract



Relationship: Descriptive



Me

tap

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Abstract Descriptive

Phys

ica

l

Metaphor Representation



1 2

3 4


MetaphorExperiment on

Alarm

Clock

Radio



Me

tap

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nip

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tion

Gra

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Abstract

Face

Dial Phone

Analogue Clock

Bottle Cap

See Saw

Zipper

Descriptive

Phys

ica

l




Graphical

Abstract

Face Analogue Clock Dial Phone



Graphical

Descriptive

Face Analogue Clock Dial Phone



Physical

Bottle Cap See Saw Zipper

Abstract



Physical

Bottle Cap See Saw Zipper

Descriptive



The clock looks like analogue clock.

The clock looks like a face.

The clock looks like dial phone.



Noun

The clock operates like seesaw.

The clock operates like bottle cap.

The clock operates like zipper.



Verb

Overall perceptual simplicity

Representational efficiency

Engaging appearance

Perceived learnability

Perceived predictability

Perceived simplicity of alarm setting control

Accuracy in prediction ofworkflow

Confidence in prediction

Operational simplicity based on perception

Metaphoric implication

1. The model looks simple to use

8. The functional controls of the alarm are obvious

9. The alarm clock’s interface looks inviting

4. The alarm clock’s interface looks easy to learn

5. I know how to interact with the alarm by observing the model

2. The interaction of the alarm looks simple

6. Set alarm A to 9 o’clock in the morning and read what time is alarm B set

7. I am confident that my answer above would accomplish the task

3. How do you rate the simplicity of the workflow?

10. What does the model remind you of?



1. Overall perceivedsimplicity

AbastractGraphical

DescriptiveGraphical

AbstractPhysical

DescriptivePhysical

ControlGroup

78%

77%

78%

82%

75%

81%

70%

78%

75%

65%

72%

80%

75%

73%

82%

72%

73%

72%

72%

69%

66%

79%

73%

73%

70%

74%

60%

77%

77%

78%

78%

80%

80%

73%

72%

75%

82%

87%

85%

83%

77%

80%

82%

85%

87%

2. Alarm control perceived simplicity

3. Operational simplicityby perception

4. Perceived learnability

5. Perceived predictability

6. Accuracy in predictedwork�ow

7. Con�dence

8. Representationale�ciency

9. Engaging appearance


Findings

Gra

ph

ica

l


Phys

ica

l

1 2

3 4

Tuck your chin into your chest, and then lift your chin upward as far as possible. 6-10 repetitions Lower your left ear toward your left shoulder and then your right ear toward your right shoulder. 6-10 repetitions.

Roller, C. (2011). How cognitive fluency affects decision making. UXmatters.

Tuck your chin into your chest, and then lift your chin upward as far as possible. 6-10 repetitions Lower your left ear toward your left shoulder and then your right ear toward your right shoulder. 6-10 repetitions.

Cognitive FluencyWhat is



AbastractGraphical


AbstractPhysical

DescriptivePhysical

ControlGroup

78%

77%

78%

82%

75%

81%

70%

78%

75%

65%

72%

80%

75%

73%

82%

72%

73%

72%

72%

69%

66%

79%

73%

73%

70%

74%

60%

77%

77%

78%

78%

80%

80%

73%

72%

75%

82%

87%

85%

83%

77%

80%

82%

85%

87%






7. Con�dence


Descriptive metaphor could not help in distinguishing the alarm controls from rest of the functions.



Findings

Gra

ph

ica

l


Phys

ica

l

1 2

3 4


AbastractGraphical


AbstractPhysical

DescriptivePhysical

ControlGroup

78%

77%

78%

82%

75%

81%

70%

78%

75%

65%

72%

80%

75%

73%

82%

72%

73%

72%

72%

69%

66%

79%

73%

73%

70%

74%

60%

77%

77%

78%

78%

80%

80%

73%

72%

75%

82%

87%

85%

83%

77%

80%

82%

85%

87%





7. Con�dence



3. How do you rate the simplicity of the work�ow?

The control of all models contain 3 steps, their operational simplicity are the same, but people perceive them differently.


Findings

Gra

ph

ica

l


Phys

ica

l

1 2

3 4


Findings


AbastractGraphical


AbstractPhysical

DescriptivePhysical

ControlGroup

78%

77%

78%

82%

75%

81%

78%

75%

65%

72%

80%

75%

73%

82%

72%

73%

72%

72%

69%

66%

79%

73%

70%

74%

60%

77%

77%

78%

78%

80%

80%

73%

72%

75%

82%

87%

85%

83%

77%

80%

85%

87%





6. Accuracy in predicted work�ow



Accuracy in predicted workflow

1 2 3 41 2

34


Tester’s acuracy were similar in all experiment groups. However, their confidence varies.

7. I am con�dent that my answer above would accomplish the task

70%

73%

82%

Gra

ph

ica

l


Phys

ica

l

1 2

3 4

Findings



AbastractGraphical


AbstractPhysical

DescriptivePhysical

ControlGroup

78%

77%

78%

82%

75%

81%

70%

78%

75%

65%

72%

80%

75%

73%

82%

72%

73%

72%

72%

69%

66%

79%

73%

73%

70%

74%

60%

77%

77%

78%

78%

80%

80%

73%

72%

75%

82%

87%

85%

83%

77%

80%

82%

85%

87%






7. Con�dence



Tester’s confidence dropped in most groups except for the Abstract Physical group.G

rap

hic

al


Phys

ica

l

1 2

3 4

Conclusion

Me

tap

ho

r Ma

nip

ula

tion

Gra

ph

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Phys

ica

l


Overall perceptual simplicity

Representational efficiency

Engaging appearance

Perceived learnability

Perceived predictability

Perceived simplicity of alarm setting control

Accuracy in prediction ofworkflow


Operational simplicity based on perception

Metaphoric implication

1. The model looks simple to use


9. The alarm clock’s interface looks inviting

4. The alarm clock’s interface looks easy to learn

5. I know how to interact with the alarm by observing the model

2. The interaction of the alarm looks simple

6. Set alarm A to 9 o’clock in the morning and read what time is alarm B set

7. I am confident that my answer above would accomplish the task

3. How do you rate the simplicity of the workflow?

10. What does the model remind you of?



Me

tap

ho

r Ma

nip

ula

tion

Gra

ph

ica

l


Phys

ica

l


Noun

Verb


Conclusion


Conclusion

Me

tap

ho

r Ma

nip

ula

tion

Gra

ph

ica

l


Phys

ica

l


Thank you

[email protected]

simplicity by metaphor - iasdr tokyo 2013

Design

heekyoung jung simplicity

design metaphor lixia

descriptive lixia zhang

abstract lixia zhang

heekyoung junglixia

heekyoung jung noun

heekyoung jung verb

heekyoung jung methods