sikes ecn2013 dn_ab
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Building a DNA Barcode library of Alaska's nonmarine arthropods
Derek Sikes & Casey BickfordUniversity of Alaska Museum Fairbanks, AK
Entomological Collections NetworkAustin, TX 2013-11-09
Mission
To create a resource that makes publicly available as much information as possible concerning the non-marine arthropods of Alaska.
Using specimens + literature + ‘grey’ literature
Which species occur in Alaska?
Where do these species occur?
What do they do? / Are they changing?
Mission
Which species occur in Alaska?
~8,000 nonmarine arthropod species
USFWS Kenai National Wildlife Refuge
- hope to use DNA Barcode methods for monitoring
- must first build a DNA Barcode library for Alaska’s arthropod species
Methods
Plan:Contribute to iBoL, DNA Barcodes of
2-3 specimens per authoritatively identified species< 10yrs old
~2000 species, ~6,250 specimens
~30% of the state fauna – all nonmarine arthropod taxa
Methods
Compared two labs
Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding (CCDB)$12/specimen
Smithsonian Institute (SI)$9/specimen
Two 95 well plates with tissues from same 95 specimens
Methods
Compared two labs
Both agreed that the lab not chosen would forfeit payment for the test plate
If Smithsonian was chosen they would provide sequences/chromatograms and we would upload (= more work for us).
Methods
Compared two labs
CCDB had higher success rate (95% vs 80%)
SI lab had a contamination issue
CCDB more efficient
95 * $12 = $1,140 / plate
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Numerical coding system
Identifies curation status of storage units- insect drawers- alcohol jars / vials / racks- slide boxes
Smithsonian Curation Standards and Profiling System
McGinley, R.J. (1992) Where's the Management in Collections Management? Planning for Improved Care, Greater Use, and Growth of Collections. In: Palacios, F., C. Martínez & B. Thomas (Eds.) The International Symposium and First World Congress on the Preservation and Conservation of Natural History Collections, held in Madrid, 10-15 May 1992. Congress Book. Volume 3. Current Issues, Initiatives, and Future Directions for the Preservation and Conservation of Natural History Collections. pp. 309-338.
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LEVEL 1: materials conservationLEVEL 2-4: specimen accessibilityLEVEL 5-6: physical organizationLEVEL 7-9: data captureLEVEL 10: scientific voucher material
- DNA barcoded specimens, imaged = LEVEL 10- GenBank vouchers
Smithsonian Curation Standards and Profiling System
Final Thoughts
- Not entirely altruistic...- photos of 2-3 examples of all specimens identified
to species (even if DNA barcode failed)
- specimen data digitized for all (in our case this was 99% done beforehand)
- research / curatorial “fallout” : cryptic species, phylogeographic data, misidentifications
- helps counter public’s misperception of museums as “old-fashioned”
Final Thoughts
- If funding for databasing and photography is available (often standard in BRC grants)
- then DNA barcoding is not much extra work
- but it is considerably extra cost ($1440 / 95 well plate)
- can arrange with BOLD to have data served to GBIF
Acknowledgments- Graduate Curatorial Assistants
Jill Stockbridge Joey SlowikBrandi Fleshman
- National Science- Current lab techs: Foundation
Sayde Ridling -USDA ARS / FHP
Trista Crass -USFWSSarah Meierotto -NPS
-ADFG- Volunteers: -AK Div of Ag
Steve Peek (Diptera) -USGSMary Wyatt