sigmund freud & the psychological revolution
DESCRIPTION
Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution. “Intentionalism” Before the Psychological Revolution. Westerners generally believed that people were motivated by their souls. Your higher nature was in competition with your baser nature. What makes a person do bad things?. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Sigmund Freud & The Psychological
Revolution
![Page 2: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
“Intentionalism”Before the Psychological
Revolution• Westerners
generally believed that people were motivated by their souls.
• Your higher nature was in competition with your baser nature.
![Page 3: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What makes a person do bad things?
Do you know it when you’re being bad?
Do you ever delude yourself when you’re bad?
![Page 4: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is your mind?
![Page 5: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What is your mind?
X
![Page 6: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What is your mind?
X
![Page 7: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What is the mind?
Mr. Ritter?
![Page 8: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Freuds: Vienna, 1878
Sigmund (22)
Jacob (63)Amalia (43)
Emanuel (44) John (23)
Rosa, Marie, Adolphine, and Pauline <20
![Page 9: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Structural Model: Id, Ego, & Superego
![Page 10: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Structural Model: Id, Ego, & Superego
Id • Present at birth• Selfish part of you, concerned
with satisfying your desires (hunger, thirst, aggression, anger, etc.).
•Pleasure principle •Wish-fulfillment
![Page 11: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Structural Model: Id, Ego, & Superego
Ego• Develops during the first two
years of life• Primary job is to satisfy the id
impulses in an appropriate manner by taking consequences into consideration.
•Reduces tension•Child uses reason
![Page 12: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The Structural Model: Id, Ego, & Superego
Superego• Develops by the time the child is
5 years old• Represents society’s and
parent’s values and standards.• Conscience – right and wrong.
• Moral anxiety – ever-present feeling of shame or guilt.
![Page 13: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Freud’s Iceberg Metaphor
Superego Pengui
ns
Ego
![Page 14: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Freud’s Iceberg Metaphor
Superego Pengui
ns
EgoSuperego,
Ego,& Id
![Page 15: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Id, Ego, & Superego
![Page 16: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Psychosexual Stagesof Development
![Page 17: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Psychosexual Stages of Development
• Freud argued that the adult personality is formed by experiences from the first 5 or 6 years of life.
• Centers on sexual themes.
![Page 18: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Oral Stage• First 18 months
of life.• Mouth, lips, and
tongue are primary erogenous zones.
• Traumatic experiences can include feeding or weaning problems.
![Page 19: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Anal Stage• When child
reaches the age of about 18 months.
• Anal region becomes the most important erogenous zone.
• Traumatic toilet training may result in fixation and an anal personality.• Anal Compulsive
(Anal retentive)• Anal Expulsive
![Page 20: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Phallic Stage• Occurs when the
child is approximately 6 years old.
• Penis or clitoris become the most important erogenous zone.
• Oedipus Complex• Castration Anxiety
• Electra Complex• Penis Envy
![Page 21: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Resolution of the Oedipus Complex
• Children repress their desire for their opposite-sex parent.
• They realize that they will never have them as long as the other parent is around.
• Upon resolution the child begins to identify with the same-sex parent.
• Development of the superego.• Child adopts values and standards of the
parents.
![Page 22: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Latency Stage• The time before
the onset of puberty.
• Child demonstrates more self-control.
• Devoted more to intellect, not emotion• Cognitive Skills• Social Skills
• Boys and girls are fairly uninterested in one another.
![Page 23: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Genital Stage• Starts with puberty.• Libido “attacks” the ego.
• Stress, anxiety, turmoil, and loss of confidence.
• Looking for one’s place and role in life.
• Getting free from one’s parents.
![Page 24: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Freud & Dreams
![Page 25: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Freud & Dreams• Dreams are unconscious mental
activity. • Freud theorized that every dream
contains two elements:• Day residue• Nocturnal stimuli
• Latent dreams are made up of unconscious wishes, childhood memories, day residue, and nocturnal stimuli.
![Page 26: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Strengths and Criticisms of Freud’s Theories
Strengths:• Freud developed the first
comprehensive theory of personality.
• Many personality theorists have deemed it necessary to point out where their theories differ from or correct weaknesses in Freud’s works.
![Page 27: Sigmund Freud & The Psychological Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062315/568165a0550346895dd87d3b/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Strengths and Criticisms of Freud’s Theories
Criticisms:• Many Freudian ideas appear in the
literature that predates Freud’s work.• Many of his hypotheses are not
testable.• Freud relied heavily on evidence from
biased case studies.• Freud refused to take into account the
experiences that happened after 6 years of age and how they may influence personality.