TELECOMMUNICATION SWITCHING NETWORKSBIT BANK

UNIT 1: MULTIPLEXING

1. SONET means_____A) Synchronous optical network B) Synchronous optical net C) Sync optical network D) None

2. SONET ring is also known as_____ A) Heating Ring B) Self heating C)Synchronous heating D) Gained ring

3. CCIT MeansA) Consultative Committee for International Telephony and TelegraphyB) Consultative Committee for International Telegraphy and Telephony C) Consulting Committee for International Telegraphy and Telephony D) Consultative Committee for International Telemetry and Telephony

4. In telephone conversion the one who initiates the call is known as A) Called subscriber b) Calling subscriber C) Subscriber D) None

5. In telephone conversion the one whom the call is destined is known as A) Called subscriber b) Calling subscriber C) Subscriber D) None

6. ECSA MeansA) Exchange carriers system Association B) Easy carriers standards AssociationC) Exchange carriers standards Association D) Exchange carry standards Association

7. Scrambling the data using scrambling algorithm is known as A) Scrambling B) Scrambling data C) Data Scrambling D) None

8. The carrier bandwidth is divided into sub channels of different frequency widths, each carrying a signal at

the same time in parallel is known asA) frequency-data multiplexing B) time-division multiplexingC) frequency-division multiplier D) frequency-division multiplexing

9. The process of converting binary data into a sequence of bits to a digital signal is known asA) Coding B) Line coding C)Data coding D)Digital coding

10. ITU MeansA) International Telegraphy union B)International communication unionC) International Tele- communication union D) International Telephony union

11. Telephony set is invented byA) Alexander Graham Bell B) Alexander C) Fleming D) None

12. At the lowest level of the network are class 5 switching offices, also called A) Central offices B) End offices C) Both A or B D) All the above

13. One of two basic types of electromechanical switches is A) Step-by-step B) crossbar C) Both A and B D) All the above

14. One of the examples of transmission systems are A) Open wire B) Paired cable C) Micro wave radio links D) all the above

15. FDM is also utilized in fiber optic transmission systems where it is referred to as A) Wave length division multiplexing B) Frequency division modulation C) Time division modulation D) None

16. All multiplex equipment in the FDM hierarchy used A) AM modulation B) DSB-SC modulation C) SSB modulation D) FM modulation

17. Super group has -----------of voice circuitsA) 600 B) 6000 C) 6 D) 60

18. In coaxial cable, a system designation of L1 has ------------total capacityA) 1800 B) 2400 C) 180 D) 700

19. Microwave radio systems carne from the need to distribute-------signals in nationwide

A) Television B) Radio C) Mobile D) line20. common-channel signaling (ccs) uses a data link between the ----- switching systems

A) program control elements B) stored-program control elementsC) stored control elements D) control elements

21. Rmax= 2BW is also known as A) Nyquist bandwidth B) Nyquist interval C) Nyquist period d) Nyquist rate

22. Small perturbations in the channel response or the sample times produce nonzero overlap t the sample t time Called as A) Inter symbol interference B) symbol interference C) Interference D) None

23. Compensation of phase distortion is referred to asA) Amplitude distortion B) phase equalization C) Amplitude equalization D) phase distortion

24. Compensation of amplitude distortion is referred to asA) Amplitude distortion B) phase equalization C) Amplitude equalization D) phase distortion

25. No dc wander is the digital biphase code, also referred to as --------- code.A) Diphase B) Manchester C) A or B D) None

26. Differential encoding that encodes a 1as ------------of state and encodes a 0 -----------in state A) A change & no change B) No change & change C) change &change D) No change & no change

27. The as-needed form of TDM is variously referred to as a---------- A) Synchronous time division multiplexing B) Asynchronous time division multiplexingC) Time division multiplexing D) synchronous multiplexing

28. Those hat repeatedly assign a position of the transmission capacity to each source is known asA) Synchronous time division multiplexing B) Asynchronous time division multiplexingC) Time division multiplexing D) synchronous multiplexing

29. Each channel is assigned a time slot corresponding to a single bit it is known as-----------A) Bit interleaving B) Word Interleaving C) Interleaving D) None

30. Each channel is assigned a longer time slot corresponding to some larger number of bitsA) Bit interleaving B) Word Interleaving C) Interleaving D) None

31. ADM meansA) Add drip multiplexer B) Add De- multiplexer C)Add drop multiplexer D) odd drip multiplexer

32. SDH means A) Synchronous data hierarchy B) Asynchronous digital hierarchy C) synchronous digital hierarchy D) None

33. A SONET system is defined as a hierarchy of three levels-------------A) Sections B) lines C) paths D) All the above

34. Each sonet frame consists of----------rows of----------byteA) 9& 90 B) 90&9 C) 900& 9 D) 9000&900

35. STS-1 rate = A) Over head rate B) information envelope rateC) Overhead rate + information envelope rate D) None

36. The SONET standard places significant emphasis on the need for-------of an end-to-end systemA) Operations B) Administration C) Maintenance D) All the above

37. Section overhead allocates of----------bytes in each STS-1 frameA) 9 B) 99 C) 999 D)9999

38. Line overhead allocates of----------bytes in each STS-1 frameA) 8 B) 18 C) 98 D) 989

39. The SONET standard uses sub- STS-I payload mappings referred to as --------structuresA) Frames B) payloads C)Virtual tributary D) None

40. The bit rate of OC-1 Sonet source is--------------A) 51.84 mbps B) 50.84 mbps C) 59.84 mbps D) 99.84mbps

UNIT 2: DIGITAL SWITCHING

1. The control functions in switching system areA) Event monitoring B) Call processing C) Charging Operation D) All the above

2. A multidimensional switching that utilizes at least three degrees of---------A) Freedom, B) time C) wavelength and space D) All the above

3. A process where multiple analog message signals or digital data streams are combined into one signal over a shared medium is also known asA) Multiplexing B) De-Multiplexing C) Encoder D) Decoder

4. A---------- is to set up and release connections between transmission channelsA) Plug B) Switch C) Wire D) None

5. Each loop must be accessible to every other loop; this level of switching is sometimes referred to asA) Line switching B) tandem switching C) call distribution D) None

6. Space division switching matrix can be used to connect anyone of N -------to any one o f M--------A)outlets&outlets B) outlets& inlets C) inlets&inlets D) inlets& outlets

7. Graded switch structures are no--------------A) Longer B) shorter C) Widths D) All the above

8. In the triangular matrix the------------cross points are eliminateA) Straight B) Left C) redundant D) Right

9. In multiple stages switching the number of inlet-outlet pairs is equal -------- for a triangular arrayA) N B) N (N-1)/2 C) 2N D) N2

10. In multiple stages switching the number of inlet-outlet pairs is equal -------- for a square arrayA) N B) N (N-1) C) 2N D) N2

11. The inter stage connections are often called-----------------A) Junctor B) junction C) cross point D) cross box

12. If the number of center stages is equal to 2n -1, the switch is strictlyA) Blocking B) Clocking C) Non-blocking D) None

13. ----------------- switches are rarely needed in most voice telephone networksA) Non-Blocking B) Clocking C) blocking D) None

14. The blocking probability is most easily determined as----------A) B=1 B) B=1-q C) B=0 D) B=1-qn

15. Multiple-stages witches can be used for either -----------wire switching operationA) 2 B) 8 C) 4 D) A & C

16. A two-wire connection requires only----------pathA) 2 B) 1 C) 3 D) 4

17. In switch matrix control, the control may be associated with the output lines and which inputs are to be connected to the associated outputs is called as--------- A) output-associated control B) input-associated control C) output control D) Input control

18. The control information may be associated with each input and subsequently specific to which outputs the respective inputs are to be connected is called asA) output-associated control B) input-associated control C) output control D) Input control

19. In switch matrix control the total number of bits required to specify a connection configuration is ----A) 2M B) M C) N log2 M D) N/M

20. Time division switching is equally applicable to either ----------------signalsA) Analog B) digital C) Both A & B D) None

21. In analog time division switching frame rate is equal to the -----------of each lineA) Sample rate B) Nyquist rate C) signaling rate D) None

22. Switching between time slots represents a second dimension of switching and is refined to as A) Space switching B) Time switching C) TDM D) FDM

23. A time stage between two space stages is referred to as a -------------switchA) TST B) STS C) Space switching B) Time switching

24. A space stage between two time stages is referred to as a -------------switchA) TST B) STS C) Space switching B) Time switching

25. Complexity of an STS switch as Complexity =------------------- A) No. of spaces large cross points B) no. of space stage control bits+ no. of time stage memory bitsC) No. of time stage control bits D) A+B+C/100

26. The blocking probability for a TST switch with non- blocking individual stages (TST) is------A) q B) B-1 C) q-1 D) [1-q1

2]l

27. A No.4 ESS matrix is time-space-time with ----------stages in the space switchA) 2 B) 5 C) 1 D) 4

28. The maximum size of the No. 4ESS uses -------de correlators with seven-----channel inputA) 128,120 B) 120,128 C) 128,128 D) 120,120

29. The system 75 PBX of AT&T was a midrange PBX that can support of ----------stationsA) 300 B) 400 C) 200 D) 800

30. The system 75 PBX of AT&T was a midrange PBX that can support of ----------trunksA) 300 B) 400 C) 200 D) 800

31. A Digital Cross Connect Systems is basically a---------switching matrixA) Analog B) Digital C) Bipolar D) None

32. Advantages of a DCS system is-------A) Automatic Record Keeping B) Remote and Rapid ProvisioningC) Automated Test Access D) All the above

33. The primary purpose of the DCS 3/3 is to provide-------------A) Network restoration B) protection the DS3 signal C) A & BD) none of the above

34. A DCS needs to be strictly non-blocking at the----------- levelA) DSO B) DS1 C) DS2 D) DS3

35. BORSCH means-----------A) Battery feed over voltage protection Ringing Supervision Coding Hybrid TestB) Battery Overvoltage protection Ringing Supervision Coding Hybrid TestC) Battery feed Overvoltage Ringing Supervision Coding Hybrid TestD) Battery feed Overvoltage protection Ringing Supervision Coding Test

36. An analog network conference calls are established by merely adding individual signals together using a conference----------------A) Ring B) mesh C) bridge D) all the above

37. The system 75 PBX of AT&T was a midrange PBX that can support of ----------instrumentsA) 300 B) 400 C) 200 D) 800

38. The EWSD switch of Siemens uses a ------------- structureA) TSST B) TST C) STS D) none

39. A time stage T followed by a space stage S is referred to a-----------switchA) TS B) TST C) STS D) none

40. Switching between time slot represents a second dimension of switching and is refined to as---------- A) Time switching B) Space switching C) TST C) STS

UNIIT-3

1. All digital systems require_____________sources for internal and external operations(A) Frequency (B) Clock (C) Both (D) None

2. _________is used for synchronizing of receiver clock to transmitter clock(A) VCO (B) PLL (C) Phase Detector (D) None

3. The phase detector measures the difference in the _____between the two signals4. (A) Crossing (B) Zero crossing (C) VCO (D) None5. Voltage controlled oscillator is used to reduce _______ difference

(A) Amplitude (B) Frequency (C) Phase (D) None6. Clock instability is related to___________

(A) Amplitude (B) Frequency (C) Phase (D) None7. The small variations in VCO control voltage are referred to as_____________

(A) Clock (B) Clock wander (C) jitter (D) None8. The rapid variations in VCO control voltage are referred to as______________

(A) Clock (B) Clock wander (C) jitter (D) None9. The main sources of clock instability is_____

(A) Noise (B) length of velocity (C) Doppler shifts (D) All the above10. The dividing point between wander and jitter is_________ HZ

(A) 10 (B) 100 (C) 1000 (D) 111. Geostationary satellites produce path length variations up to_________ miles

(A) 20 (B) 200 (C) 2 (D) 200012. Doppler shifts occurs due to_________

(A) Satellites (B) Aero planes (C) Both A&B (D) None13. Jitter power represents_________ variations

(A) Power (B) Length (C) Width (D) Timing14. The analysis of jitter chain is reported by__________________

(A) Byrne (B) Karafin (C) Robinson (D) All the above15. Disruptions in the data stream of an elastic store are referred to as

(A) Slips (B) Slaps (C) store (D) None of the above16. An 8-bit slip with a digitized modem uses a carrier signal of_______ HZ

(A) 18 (B) 1800 (C) 180 (D) 20017. Switching interfaces set a slip for every ______hour18. (A) 2 (B) 22 (C) 20 (D) 2419. ______ stuffing is used for avoiding slips and clock synchronization

(A) Ramp (B) Pulse (C) Square (D) sine20. The output channel can carry all the input data with a_______ bits

(A) Null (B) Stuff (C) Both A&B (D) None21. Pulse stuffing is also referred to as_________ in Europe

(A) Slips (B) Synchronization (C) Justification (D) None22. If R2> R1 the data is_______ in bit stream

(A) Lost (B) Inserted (C) Removed (D) None23. If R2< R1 the data is _______in bit stream

(A) Lost (B) Inserted (C) Removed (D) None24. The lower rate signals are combined into higher level signals is known as___ multiplexing

(A) Synchronous(B) Asynchronous (C) Isochronous (D) None25. The difference between the Elastic store input data rate and its output data rate is known as

(A) Slip rate (B) Baud rate (C) Data rate (D) None26. A channel bank is connected to a digital switch through T1 lines is known as

(A) T1 bank (B) loop timing (C) Switching (D) All the above27. Irregularity in the data arrival rate caused by the gaps is referred as28. (A) Jitter (B) Time jitter (C) Waiting time jitter (D) gap jitter 29. The public telephone network in the United States uses_______ synchronization

(A) Plesiochronous (B) Mutual (C) packetization (D) network master30. The process of passing the reference downward from one level to the next is ___ synchronization

(A) Master (B) Slave (C) Slave-Master (D) Master-Slave 31. _________ Codes are no clock transitions during intervals of binary ‘0’s.

(A)Diphase (B) Manchester (C) Bi-Polar (D) All32. Change in the transmission media leads to____

(A)Wander (B) Jitter (C) Clock instability (D) All33. The propagation velocity of radio waves in the atmosphere will changes with_____

(A)Temperature (B) Humidity (C) Both (D) None34. If no timing discrepancies exist between TDM links and Digital switch is called as__

(A) Loop Timing (B) Synchronization (C) Both (D) None

35. In TDM Switch interface ______ absorbs the clock instabilities (A)Digital Switch (B) TDM Link (C)Elastic Store (D) All

36. The average bits sends by each tributary during a maser frame are(A) 3.5 (B)4.5 (C)5.3 (D)5.4

37. A DS2 is derived by interleaving _____ Signals38. (A) 2DS0 (B)2DS1 (C)4DS1(D)2DS1+2DS039. A DS2 master frame is _____ bits long

(A) 1167 (B) 1176 (C) 1116 (D) 116640. Total number of synchronisation approaches in a digital network

(A) 6 (B)9 (C)4 (D)541. ______ is the measure of difference between TIE Samples

(A)MTIE (B) TVAR (C) TIE (D)TDEV42. The difference in delay between a timing signal and ideal timing signal is called as____43. (A)MTIE (B) TVAR (C) TIE (D) TDEV44. The maximum peak-to-peak variations in TIE are referred as____

(A)MTIE (B) TVAR (C) TIE (D) TDEV45. ______ can be measured in nanoseconds

(A)MTIE (B) TVAR (C) TIE (D) TDEV

Unit-4

1. ADSL means(A) Asymmetric digital subscriber line (B) Asymmetric digital subscriber LAN (C) Symmetric digital subscriber line (D) None

2. ISDN Acronym is(A) Integrated services digital network (B) Integrated services dynamic network(C) Integrity services digital network (D) None

3. _______is the type of Digital subscriber lines (A) DSL (B) ADSL (C) HDSL (D) All the above

4. The basic rate interface is referred to as ______________interface(A) 2B (B) 3B (C) 2B+D (D) 2D+B

5. In North America primary rate interface is referred to as ______________interface(A) 2B (B) 23B+D (C) 2B+D (D) 2D+B

6. The PRI DS1 signal has______________Mbps(A) 1.544 (B) 15.44 (C) 14.55 (D) 16.55

7. Wireless access can be done by______________ systems(A) Microwave distribution systems (B) Multi channel multi point distribution service(C) BOTH (D) all the above

8. The data rate of ITU-T PRI is______________ Mbps(A) 2.048 (B) 20.48 (C) 21.40 (D) 31.40

9. The formal rules of Communication between DCE are referred to as-----------(A) Protocol (B) DTE (C) DMT (D) None

10. The transmission technology of BRA is referred to as__________(A) DSL (B) ADSL (C) HDSL (D) SDSL

11. The reference point U is used to interface_________ wire transmission line

(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 2 (D) 512. Time compression multiplex developed by________________ in Japan

(A) NAC (B) NEC (C) NDA (D) CCA13. TCM is also referred to as_____________ transmission

(A) Ping-pong (B) pong-ping (C) Both A&B (D) None14. A four level line code is referred to as_________ code

(A) 2BQ (B) 2B1Q (C) 21Q (D) 21BQ15. The symbol rate for four level line code is_______________ symbols/sec

(A) 80,000 (B) 8000 (C) 85000 (D) 9500016. The D channel protocol is of________ and_________ series

(A) I, Q (B) I, B (C) Q, Y (D) C, Q17. The network layer of the D channel protocol is defined in_________

(A) I.451 (B) Q.931 (C) Both A&B (D) None18. Automatic gain control is used to adjust _________ level

(A) Transmit (B) Receive (C) Both A&B (D) None19. Universal digital loop carrier system can be used to interface _________ system

(A) Analog (B) Digital (C) Both A&B (D) None20. The second category of FITL is a ________ system

(A) FITC (B) FTTC (C) FTTH (D) None21. The Third category of FITL is a ________ system

(A) FITC (B) FTTC (C) FTTH (D) None22. The Coaxial cable portions of CATV systems are configured as_____ topology

(A) Tree (B) Mesh (C) Star (D) None23. ISDN is leading the concept of ______Network

(A) Intelligent (B) Broadband (C) Standard (D) None24. ISO stands for ________

(A) International Standards Organization (B) International Services Origin.(C) Integrated standard organization (D) None

25. Distribution services are classified as Broadcast services and ______services(A) Retrieval (B) Cyclic (C) Both A&B (D) None

26. BISDN services are broadly classified as interactive and _____ services.(A) Cyclic (B) Distribution (C) Both A&B (D) None

27. The data rate of bearer channel is ____(A) 16 kbps (B) 64 kbps (C) 24 kbps (D) None

28. The _________ channel can be used for telemetry and alarms(A) B (B) C (C) D (D) H

29. ISDN was developed by(A) ITU-T (B) IEEE (C) IMT (D) T

30. AT&T and USITA uses---------------synchronization for switched digital network(A) Plesiochronous (B) Mutual (C) packetization (D) Master-Slave

31. In ADSL the upstream and downstream data rates are___(A) Same (B) Different (C) Constant (D) None

32. ADSL stands for(A) Amplitude digital subscriber line (B) Asymmetric digital subscriber line(C) Analog digital subscriber line (D) Adaptive digital subscriber line

33. The downstream bandwidth in ADSL is about _______times as wide as upstream direction (A) 3.5 (B) 2.5 (C) 4.5 (D) 1.5

34. ADSL uses_____ modulation technique(A) DCT (B) DET (C) DFT (D) DMT

35. SDSL stands for ______(A) Simple digital subscriber line (B) Single line digital subscriber line(C) Sample digital subscriber line (D) synchronous digital subscriber line

36. In modem, ______ functions are performed(A) Modulation (B) demodulation (C) modulation and demodulation (D) multiplication

37. An ANSIU interface frame format contains(A) 240 bits (B) 420 bits (C) 320 bits (D) 230 bits

38. TMC is used to avoid(A) near-end crosstalk (B) Far-end crosstalk (C) Co Channel crosstalk (D) None

39. The Coaxial cable portions of CATV systems are configured as_____ topology (A) Tree (B) Mesh (C) Star (D) None

Unit-5

1. The rate at which the traffic enters a network is referred to as_______(A) Flow control (B) network control (C) A& B (D) None

2. ______provides the basis for the analysis and design of telecommunication networks(A) Traffic engineering (B) Networks (C) Telegraphs (D) Data networks

3. In a day, the 60-minute interval in which the traffic is the highest is called the_____(A) Busy hour (BH) (B) Peak BH (C) Time consistent busy hour (D) All

4. Average busy hour calls = _____(A) BHCA+CCR (B) BHCA/CCR (C) BHCA*CCR (D) None

5. Traffic intensity is measured in _____(A) Ohms (B) Erlang’s (C) Both (D) None

6. CCS stands for ------(A) Century call second (B) Century carry second (C) Both A&B (D) None

7. Traffic carried per server _________(A) Occupied duration/Total duration (B) Occupied duration+ Total duration(C) Occupied duration*Total duration (D) Occupied duration ^ Total duration

8. Subscriber traffic in Erlang’s _________(A) Busy period+ Total period (B) Busy period*Total period(C) Busy period/Total period (D) All

9. Blocking probability is called -----(A) Time congestion (B) Call congestion (C) Both A&B (D) None

10. The delay system is also known as _____(A) Congestion Theory (B) Queuing Theory (C) Blocking (D) None

11. GOS stands for -------(A) Grade of system (B) Grade of service (C) Both (D) None

12. The delay system is measured in terms of(A) Service delay (B) Blocking probability (C) Network delay (D) None

13. In loss systems over load traffic is(A) Held in Queue (B) rejected (C) Both A&B (D) None

14. Blocking model is also known as _____(A) Absorption (B) Reflection (C) Congestion (D) All the above

15. How is the relation between Erlang’s and CCS specified(A)Erlang = 36 CCS (B) 1 Erlang = 56 CCS (C)1 Erlang = 76 CCS (D)1 Erlang = 96 CCS

16. The ratio of number of successful calls to the number of call attempts is known as ______(A)Busy Hour Call Rate (BHCR) (B) Call Completion Rate (CCR)(C)Call Block Rate (CBR) (D) None of the above

17. If a telephone exchange serves 1500 users with the average BHCA of about 9000 and CCR is about 50%, what would be the busy hour calling rate?

18. (A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4.5 (D) 519. Percentage of occupancy can be defined as the percentage of _____ for which the server seems to be busy.

(A) speed (B) distance (C) time (D) volume20. If the queuing systems are connected in tandem configuration, what would be the nature of delay?

(A)Commutative(B) Distributive (C) Cumulative (D) Deductive 21. In analysing the traffic performance, how is the number of trunk decided with the provision of the Grade of

Service (GoS) especially for larger group? (A)By normal load condition (B) By overload condition(C)By underload condition (D) None of the above

22. By which name/s is the Grade of Service (GOS) well-known?(A)Call congestion (B)Time congestion (C) Both A and B (D) None of the above

23. Which type of holding time distribution is assumed for the voice conversation on telephone (A)Constant (B) Exponential (C)Both a and b (D)None of the above

24. Which model of loss system allows the usage of Poisson distribution model for traffic analysis especially by assuming infinite number of users? (A)Lost Calls Cleared (LCC) (B)Lost Calls Returned (LCR)(C)Lost Calls Held (LCH) (D)None of the above

25. length of the cell in ATM switching node(A) 35 bytes (B) 53 bytes (C) 45 bytes (D) 55 bytes

26. LCR can be abbreviated as______(A) Lost call returned (B) Last call returned (C) Local call returned (D) All

27. ______ holding time can be used for transmission of fixed length packet networks(A) Constant (B) Exponential (C) Both(D) None

28. ______ holding time can be used for conventional telephone conversation(A)Constant (B) Exponential (C) Both(D) None

29. Small percentage of offered traffic causes______ (A) delay (B) blocking (C) Both(D) None

30. The traffic intensity is defined as____(A)A0 = t0λ (B) A0 = tmλ (C) Am = t0λ (D) Am = tmλ

31. The sum of all holding times carried during the interval is called____ (A) Traffic intensity (B) Traffic Volume (C) Both(D) None

32. Average activity during a period of time is_____ (A) Traffic intensity (B) Traffic Volume (C) Both(D) None

33. Traffic intensity is also called as____ (A) Traffic Volume (B) Traffic Congestion (D) Traffic flow (D) none

34. Common subsystem of a telecommunication network are referred to as____ (A) Server (B) link (C) trunk (D) All

35. The reciprocal of the average holding time is______ (A) call rate (B) call arrival rate (C) Sampling rate (D) Service rate

36. ‘µ’ represents____ (A) call rate (B) call arrival rate (C) Sampling rate (D) Service rate

37. ‘µ’ can be defined as____

(A) h (B) 1h (C) 1+h (D) All

38. The probability distribution of inter arrival time P0( t)=_____ λ

(A) e− λt(B) 1eλt

(C) Both(D) None

UNIT-1 MULTIPLEXING

2marks1. Define line coding. [L1][CO.1][2M]2. Calculate data rate of STS-1 signal. [L3][CO.1][2M]3. Classify SONET networks. [L2][CO.1][2M]4. Write the purpose of ADD/DROP multiplexer. [L1][CO.1][2M]5. Differentiate synchronies and asynchronous TDM. [L4][CO.1][2M]6. What are VT and its Size? [L1][CO.1][2M]7. Define framing and what are it types. [L1][CO.1][2M]8. Distinguish unidirectional and bidirectional ring in SONET standards. [L4][CO.1][2M]9. What is meant for Nyquist rate? [L1][CO.1][2M]10. Define intersymbol interference. What are the major issues for ISI? [L1][CO.1][2M]11. Write down the expression for the total number of cross points required for a three stage switch

[L1][CO.1][2M]12. What are the elements of STS-1 frame. [L1][CO.1][2M]13. Draw and list out different layers in SONET architecture. [L1][CO.1][2M]14. Draw the frame format of STS-1 Level. [L5][CO.1][2M]15. Distinguish between bit interleaving and word interleaving [L4][CO.1][2M]16. Define TOH. [L1][CO.1][2M]17. What is the role of desynchronizer in SONET? [L1][CO.1][2M]18. What are the advantages of optical fibers? [L1][CO.1][2M]19. Define group, super group and master group. [L1][CO.1][2M]20. Define BNZS, write its types. [L1][CO.1][2M]

10Marks

1. Describe transmission systems FDM and TDM with neat sketch. [L3][CO.1][10M]2. Explain the following [L2][CO.1][5M+ 5M]

(a)SONET Optical Standards (b) SONET block diagram3. Discuss STS-1 frame format. [L2][CO.1][10M]4. Classify SONET networks and what are the different automatic protection switching

techniques used in linear SONET networks. [L3][CO.1][10M]5. (a) Sketch and explain about T-Carrier systems [L3][CO.1][5M]

(b)Discuss about digital pair gain systems [L2][CO.1][5M]6. Explain the following (i)A5 channel bank multiplexer [L2][CO.1][5M+ 5M]

(ii) LMS group bank multiplexer7. Explain about different types of SONET Ring architectures? [L2][CO.1][10M]8. Describe about [L2][CO.1][5M+ 5M]

(i) DS3 payload mapping (ii) E4 payload mapping9. Explain the following terms [L2][CO.1][5M+ 5M]

(i) TDM loops and rings (ii) Binary N-Zero Substitution10. Write and explain in detail about SONET frame formats [L1,L2][CO.1][7M+3M]

(a) STS-1 (b) STS-3

UNIT-2 DIGITAL SWITCHING 2marks

1. Identify the basic functions of switching. [L1][CO.2][2M]2. Mention the advantages of time division switching. [L1][CO.2][2M]3. Sketch the architecture of SS7. [L3][CO.2][2M]4. Mention the advantages of combination switch. [L1][CO.2][2M]5. What is meant by folded operations and what is its advantage. [L1][CO.2][2M]6. What are the functions of DCS in switching network? [L1][CO.2][2M]7. What are the disadvantages of single stage switching? [L1][CO.2][2M] 8. Define two types of conferencing. [L1][CO.2][2M]9. Define switches and its three different categories. [L1][CO.2][2M] 10. Expand BORSCHT? [L2][CO.2][2M]11. Difference between STS and TST switching. [L4][CO.2][2M]12. Draw the structure of information plane in SS7.what is role of control plane in SS7.

[L3][CO.2][2M]13. Define consolidation and segregation [L1][CO.2][2M]14. Distinguish between space division and time division switch. [L4][CO.2][2M]15. What are the features of SS7? [L1][CO.2][2M]16. What is integrated DCS? [L1][CO.2][2M]17. What are the advantages of DCS? [L1][CO.2][2M]18. What is the need of TSST switch? [L1][CO.2][2M]19. What is the function of STP? [L1][CO.2][2M]20. What are the application means of graded switching technique? [L1][CO.2][2M]

10 marks

1. Explain the operation of input controlled and output controlled time division space switch. [L2][CO.2][10M]

2. With the help of layered architecture, explain signaling system. [L4][CO.2][2M]3. Demonstrate the basic time division time switch. [L3][CO.2][10M]4. Illustrate [L3][CO.2][5M+5M]

(i) Folded four wire switch matrix (ii) path finding5. (a)Explain in detail about non-blocking switches [L2][CO.2][5M]

(b) Discuss the Lee’s method of blocking probability analysis. [L3][CO.2][5M]6. Discuss in detail about space division switches and its types. [L3][CO.2][10M]7. (a)Explain the elements of SS7 signaling. [L2][CO.2][5M]

(b)Explain briefly about Digital cross connect systems. [L2][CO.2][5M]8. (a) Explain in working operation of digital memory switch? [L2][CO.2][5M]

(b) Discuss about the concept of time stags in general? [L3][CO.2][5M]9. Explain in detail about [L2][CO.2][5M+5M]

(i) No.4 ESS toll switch (ii) TSSST Switching10. Describe in detail about [L3][CO.2][ 3M+4M+3M]

(a) zero-loss transmission (b) BORSCHT (c) ConferencingUnit-3 NETWORK SYNCHRONIZATION AND CONTROL

MANAGEMENT2marks

1. Define clock instability. [L1][CO.3][2M]2. Define Doppler shift. [L1][CO.3][2M]3. What is waiting time jitter? [L1][CO.3][2M]4. Define Pulse Stuffing? [L1][CO.3][2M]5. Write short notes on master-slave synchronization? [L2][CO.3][2M]6. Define time interval error. [L1][CO.3][2M]7. What are the different sources of clock instability? [L1][CO.3][2M]8. Identify the basic approaches used for network synchronization. [L4][CO.3][2M]9. What is PLL? [L1][CO.3][2M]10. Why we go for elastic store with two frame memory? [L4][CO.3][2M]11. What is clock wander and jitter? [L1][CO.3][2M]12. Why we go for network synchronization? [L4][CO.3][2M]13. Define systematic jitter. [L2][CO.3][2M]14. Define Slips. [L1][CO.3][2M]15. What are the types of slips? Define. [L1][CO.3][2M]16. What are the advantages of Pulse Stuffing? [L1][CO.3][2M]

10 marks

1. Describe in detail about [L2][CO.2][5M+5M] (a) Phase locked loop (b) Jitter measurements

2. (a)Describe about slips with the help of elastic store. [L2][CO.2][5M](b)Write short notes on slip rate objective. [L1][CO.2][5M]

3. Explain the following [L2][CO.2][5M+5M] (a) Network control (b) Network management

4. Memorize the concept of Network management [L1][CO.2][10M]5. Discuss about different sources caused for clock instability. [L2][CO.2][10M]6. Discuss basic approaches used for synchronization in digital networks. [L2][CO.2][10M]7. How network is synchronized in U.S. n detail with neat block diagram? Explain.

[L4][CO.2][10M]8. What are the measures to indicate the performance of network timing? [L1][CO.2][10M]

9. Explain indetail about pulse stuffing and how it is implemented in M12 multiplexer? [L2][CO.2][5M+5M]

10. How will you measure jitter? Explain. [L3][CO.2][10M]

Unit-4 DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER ACCESS ISDN

2marks

1. What are the basic principles of ISDN? [L1][CO.2][2M]2. Point out the features of ADSL. [L2][CO.2][2M]3. What is the data rate of basic rate architecture? [L1][CO.2][ 2M]4. How many number of channels used for downstream in ADSL technology?

[L2][CO.2][2M]5. List out the various features of ISDN B channel. [L1][CO.2][ 2M]6. Compare FTTH and FTTC. [L2][CO.2][ 2M]7. List the features of ISDN – D channels. [L1][CO.2][ 2M]8. Define CAP and DMT? [L1][CO.2][ 2M]9. What is Voice band modem? [L1][CO.2][ 2M]10. Name the Versions and data rates of DSL Technology. [L2][CO.2][ 2M]11. What are types of interfaces used in ISDN? [L1][CO.2][ 2M] 12. Differentiate ADSL and VDSL. [L4][CO.2][ 2M]13. List the advantages of ADSL over ISDN access? [L1][CO.2][ 2M]14. Define CAP and DMT. [L1][CO.2][ 2M]15. What are the problems occurred in FTTH? [L1][CO.2][ 2M]16. What are the basic attributes of NGDLC? [L1][CO.2][ 2M]17. What are the basic transmission technologies used for local digital access?

[L1][CO.2][2M]18. What are the factors responsible for ISDN motivation? [L1][CO.2][ 2M]19. List the functions performed by NT1. [L1][CO.2][ 2M]20. List the failures of D-Channel. [L1][CO.2][ 2M]

10 marks1. Describe ISDN functional grouping and reference points. [L2][CO.3][10M]2. Elaborate the concept of ADSL. [L2][CO.3][10M]3. Elaborate the concept of ISDN services. [L2][CO.3][10M]4. Discuss ADSL technology and also how the bandwidth is divided for data and voice.

[L2][CO.3][10M]5. Explain the following terms [L2][CO.3][5M+5M]

(a) NGDSL (b) Fiber in the loop6. Explain the following DLC systems [L2][CO.3][5M+5M]

(a) Universal DLC (b) Integrated DLC7. Write in detail about [L1][CO.3][5M+5M]

(a) Local microwave distribution service (b) DSS8. Explain the following [L2][CO.3][5M+5M]

(a) Hybrid fiber coax systems (b) PCM modems9. Write in detail about [L2][CO.3][5M+5M]

(a) ISDN basic rate access architecture (b) S/T interface10. Write a note on (a) LMDS (b) DSS [L1][CO.3][5M+5M]

Unit-5 TRAFFIC ANALYSIS2marks

1. What is delay system? [L1][CO.3][2M]2. Define loss system. [L1][CO.3][2M]3. Define Erlang. [L1][CO.3][2M]4. What is blocking probability? [L1][CO.3][2M]5. What are the aspects concerned while dealing with the analysis of the tele

communication system? [L1][CO.3][2M]6. On what factor does the waiting time depend? [L2][CO.3][2M]7. Write down the types of service time. [L1][CO.3][2M]8. Define tandem queues. [L1][CO.3][2M]9. Distinguish between loss and delay systems. [L4][CO.3][2M]10. Define holding time. [L1][CO.3][2M]11. On what factors do the waiting time depends? [L2][CO.3][2M]12. Define traffic intensity. [L1][CO.3][2M]13. List out the factors that affect service time. [L1][CO.3][2M]14. Write the equation of Erlang’s loss distribution. [L1][CO.3][2M]15. Give the models used to analyze the loss system. [L1][CO.3][2M]16. Define service rate. [L1][CO.3][2M]17. What is the system specified by M/D/I? [L1][CO.3][2M]

10 marks

1. Summarize the concept of delay system and Finite queues. [L2][CO.3][10M]2. Describe network blocking probabilities. [L2][CO.3][10M]3. Write in detail about Grade of service and blocking probability. [L1][CO.3][10M]4. Write in detail about the following [L2][CO.3][ 5M+5M]

(a) Constant service times (b) Finite queues5. Explain the following [L2][CO.3][ 5M+5M]

(a) Delay systems (b) Exponential service times6. Give a brief account on the network blocking probabilities? [L2][CO.3][ 5M+5M] 7. Discuss in detail about loss system [L2][CO.3][ 5M+5M]

(a) LCC (b) LCR8. Explain the following traffic characterizations [L2][CO.3][ 5M+5M]

(a) Arrival distribution (b) Holding time distribution9. Discuss indetail about overflow traffic. [L2][CO.3][ 5M+5M]10. (a)What do you mean by exponential service times [L1][CO.3][5M]

(b) Explain and find the average delay for the arrivals [L2][CO.3][5M]