siegman international school on lasers · 2017. 4. 12. · july 2016 dear siegman laser school...

SIEGMAN INTERNATIONAL

SCHOOL ON LASERSCo-founded by IPG Photonics

JULY 24–29, 2016

A member of

HOSTED BY:

ICFO–The Institute of Photonic SciencesCastelldefels (Barcelona), Spain

July 2016

Dear Siegman Laser School Participants,

Welcome to the 2016 OSA Foundation Siegman International School on Lasers. The 2016 Siegman School is organized at ICFO – the Institute of Photonic Sciences, in Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain following its launch at Stanford, USA in 2014 and the 2nd issue in Amberg, Germany in 2015. The school brings together almost 100 graduate students from 35 countries to learn about basics and advances in optics and photonics using lasers, from international leaders both in academy and industry.

We are grateful to the many renowned lecturers who have accepted to teach at the school:

• LeneVestergaardHau,HarvardUniversity,Cambridge,USA• PhilipBucksbaum,StanfordUniversity,USA• JohnCollier,CentralLaserFacility,RutherfordAppleton,UK• EricVanStryland,CREOL,Univ.OfCentralFlorida,USA• MartinWolf,FritzHaberInstitute.Berlin,Germany• Jean-ClaudeDiels,Univ.ofNewMexico,Albuquerque,USA• ScottDiddams,NIST,Boulder,Colorado,USA• MarcusMotzkus,Univ.Heidelberg,Germany• RickTrebino,GeorgiaInst.Technology,Atlanta,USA• MarkStockman,GeorgiaStateUniversity,Atlanta,USA• PeterFendel,Thorlabs,Newton,USA

The lectures will touch upon a wide variety of topics in laser science and applications, ranging for basics to specific highlights, applications and lasers in industry: ultrafast laser spectroscopy,nonlinearopticalmaterials,laserpulsediagnostics,frequencycombs,highpowerlasersystems,ultrafastX-raylasers,quantumcontrol,quantumoptics,nanophotoniclasing, and applications in cosmology, chemistry and biology.

Thelecturerswillbearoundthewholeweek,readytoansweranyquestions.Bealertandactively participate in the special discussion sessions.

ICFOishonouredtohosttheSiegmanSchoolandmaketheICFOfacilitiesavailabletoallSchoolparticipants.SiegmanstudentswillhavetheopportunitytoexperienceICFOfromfirsthand;tointeractwithICFOniansandICONS,theOSA-student’schapter;andtovisitthespecialized photonic laboratories and facilities.

TheSchooliscomplementedbyanamplesocialprogram.DuringtheweekinBarcelona,capital of Catalonia, students will sense the medieval roots, culinary tradition, legendary architecture,creativemodernism,mountains,beaches,Mediterranean,sportivedrive,international and dynamic mentality, which permeate the Catalan spirit.

SeveralpeopleandinstitutionshavehelpedtomakethisSchoolhappen.InparticularwethanktheOSAFoundation,IPGPhotonics,NSF,thestaffofICFO–theInstituteofPhotonicSciences, AgencyLB and the Siegman steering and program committees.

WewishyouallaninspiringandinstructiveweekatICFO.Withalmost100studentsfrom35countriesyouwillsurelymeetmanynewcolleaguesandexpandyournetworkoffriendsallovertheworld.Rarelyyouwillfindsuchopportunitytolearnaboutlaserscienceanditsapplications. Quoting our ICFO director; Prof. Dr. Lluis Torner: “Get the most out of it”.

Haveanenrichingweek,

The Local Program Committee: Niek van Hulst (Chairman), Jens Biegert, Majid Ebrahim-Zadeh, Rob Sewell, Dolors Mateu, Jordi Roca Solà, Lorena Balsells.

SIEGMAN INTERNATIONAL

SCHOOL ON LASERSCo-founded by IPG Photonics

JULY 24–29, 2016

A member of

HOSTED BY:

ICFO Institute of Photonic SciencesBarcelona, Spain

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Agenda

Siegman International School on Lasers

SUNDAY,24JULY

Student Housing Check-In at Pius Font i Quer Residence Hall

17:00 – 20:00 School Registration Welcome Reception at ICFO Picnic Area (Meet at the entrance to ICFO)

MONDAY,25JULY— ICFOAUDITORIUM

8:30 Registration at ICFO Auditorium

9:00 Opening Session Siegman School

9:30 Martin Wolf, FritzHaberInstitute,Berlin,GermanyUltrafast Laser Spectroscopy and Applications to Dynamics at Interfacesand Solids I

10:15 Discussion

10:45 – 11:15 Coffee

11:15 Eric Van Stryland, CREOL,Univ.ofCentralFlorida,USACharacterizationandModelingofNonlinearOpticalMaterialsforVariousApplications I

12:00 Rick Trebino, Georgia Inst. Technology, Atlanta, USAMeasuringEverythingYou’veAlwaysWantedtoKnowAboutaLightPulseI

12:45 Discussion

13:15 – 14:30 Lunch

14:30 Scott Diddams, NIST,Boulder,Colorado,USALaserandParametricOpticalFrequencyCombsI

15:15 Jean-Claude Diels, Univ.ofNewMexico,Albuquerque,USAFrequencycombstodetectphasechangesof10-8:IntracavityPhaseInterferometryI

16:00 Discussion

16:30 – 17:00 Refreshments

17:00 Lene Vestergaard Hau, HarvardUniversity,Cambridge,USAQuantumControlofLightandMatter

17:45 Discussion

18:15 Poster set-up P01-P26

19:00 *Canal Olímpic de Catalunya:Team building activity: boat building, canoeing, tug of war, kayakSwimwear, towel, flip-flop and sun cream are needed for this activity.Followed by dinner (Meet at the ICFO Auditorium to walk over)

Agenda

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TUESDAY,26JULY— ICFOAUDITORIUM

9:00 Marcus Motzkus, Univ.Heidelberg,GermanyMultimodalQuantumControlMicro-SpectroscopyI

9:45 Lene Vestergaard Hau, HarvardUniversity,Cambridge,USAThe Art of Taming Light: What We Can Learn from a Bacterium.

10:30 Discussion

11:00 – 11:30 Coffee

11:30 Siegman School Group Photo (WearyourSiegmanSchool2016T-Shirt)

11:40 Students’ Poster Session I (P01-P26)

13:15 – 14:30 Lunch

14:30 Rick Trebino, Georgia Inst. Technology, Atlanta, USAMeasuringEverythingYou’veAlwaysWantedtoKnowAboutaLightPulseII

15:15 Martin Wolf, FritzHaberInstitute.Berlin,GermanyUltrafast Laser Spectroscopy and Applications to Dynamics at Interfaces and Solids II

16:00 Discussion


17:00 – 18:30 Lab Tour I

19:00 *ICFO Activity & Castellers – Human castlesFollowed by dinner at “Moments” (Meet at ICFO Auditorium)

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Agenda


WEDNESDAY,27JULY— ICFOAUDITORIUM

9:00 Lasers & IndustryPeter Fendel, Thorlabs,Newton,USAApplications of Femtosecond Lasers: from Astro Combs to Deep Brain Imaging

9:45 Discussion

10:15 – 10:45 Coffee

10:45 – 11:00 Poster Set-up – P27-P54

11:00 Mark Stockman, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USALatestProgressinSpasers(PlasmonicNanolasers)I

11:45 Eric Van Stryland,CREOL,Univ.ofCentralFlorida,USACharacterizationandModelingofNonlinearOpticalMaterialsforVariousApplications II

12:30 Discussion

13:00 *Siegman excursion by bus: (Leaving from ICFO building)Visit to Món Sant Benet- Tour of Foundation Alícia, with a culinary demonstration- Monastery Tour: Middle Ages and Modernism.- Dinner at Món Sant Benet

THURSDAY,28JULY— ICFOAUDITORIUM

9:00 Jean-Claude Diels,Univ.ofNewMexico,Albuquerque,USAFrequencycombstodetectphasechangesof10-8:IntracavityPhaseInterferometryII

9:45 Marcus Motzkus, Univ.Heidelberg,GermanyMultimodalQuantumControlMicro-SpectroscopyII

10:30 Discussion

11:00 – 11:30 Coffee

11:30 Students’ Poster Session II ( P27-P54)

CONTINUEDONNEXTPAGE

Agenda

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13:15 – 14:30 Lunch

14:30 John Collier, CentralLaserFacility,RutherfordAppleton,UKHighPowerLasers–inalltheirsenses!

15:15 Philip Bucksbaum, Stanford University, USAUltrafastX-rayLasers:Whatarethey?Whataretheygoodfor?I

16:00 Discussion


17:00 – 18:30 Lab Tour II

20:00 *BBQ at Beach Club Kauai, Gava Mar (Meet at ICFO Auditorium)

THURSDAY,28JULYcont inued — ICFOAUDITORIUM

FRIDAY,29JULY— ICFOAUDITORIUM

9:00 Philip Bucksbaum, Stanford University, USAUltrafastX-rayLasers:Whatarethey?Whataretheygoodfor?II

9:45 Scott Diddams, NIST,Boulder,Colorado,USALaserandParametricOpticalFrequencyCombsII

10:30 Discussion

11:00 – 11:30 Coffee

11:30 Mark Stockman, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USALatestProgressinSpasers(PlasmonicNanolasers)II

12:15 Discussion

12:45 Lunch

*Bus to Barcelona (Departing from the ICFO Auditorium)

15:00 Guided tour through Barcelona

17:00 Closing Ceremony at Antoni Gaudí’s La Pedrera- Cocktail- Poster Award- OSA Centennial

*AllExtraActivityinformationcanbefoundindetailonourprogramwebsite.ShouldyouhaveanyquestionspleaseasktheSiegmanSchoolstaff.

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Speaker Bios & Abstracts


Martin Wolf studied physics at the Freie Universität Berlin and received his PhD there in1991withGerhardErtlforstudiesonsurfacephotochemistry.AfterapostdocperiodinAustin,Texas,withMikeWhite,hesetupalaboratoryforfemtosecondsurfacespectroscopyattheFritz-Haber-InstituteoftheMax-PlanckSocietyandwasalsoavisitingscientistatIBMYorktownHeightswithTonyHeinz.In2000hewasappointedfullprofessorforexperimentalphysics at the Freie Universität Berlin. Since 2008 he has been director of the Physical ChemistrydepartmentattheFritz-Haber-InstituteinBerlin.

Hisresearchfocusesonthedynamicsofelementaryexcitationsatsurfaces,interfacesandin solids, ultrafast photoinduced dynamics and transient electronic structure in correlated materials, interfacial electron transfer, photochemistry and vibrational spectroscopy at interfaces.

Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy and Applications to Dynamics at Interfaces and Solids

TIME: MONDAY,09:30ANDTUESDAY,15:15

This lecture will provide a brief introduction into ultrafast laser spectroscopy and introduce severalspectroscopictechniquesaimingtoelucidateelementaryprocessesatinterfacesandinsolidsdrivenbyultrafastopticalexcitation.Thegoalofsuchstudiesisamechanisticunderstanding of the coupling between different degrees of freedom (electrons, spins, lattice)ofmaterialsandtheirroleinnon-equilibriumprocesses.Oneexampleforcouplingbetweenelectronicandphonondegreesoffreedomarephasetransitionsincharge-densitywave (CDW) materials where at low temperature a periodic lattice distortion leads to an openingofanelectronicgapattheFermisurface.Ultrafastopticalexcitationcaninducenon-equilibriumphasetransitionsaswellaselectronicandgeometricalstructurechangesincomplexmaterialsonfemtosecondtimescales.Furtherexampleswilladdressdisplaciveexcitationofcoherentphononsandchemicalreactionsofadsorbedmolecules(surfacefemtochemistry)inducedhighlynon-equilibriumelectrondistributionsinmetals.

All these processes are typically accompanied by pronounced changes of the electronic structure.Iwilldiscussdifferentexperimentalapproachestoprobesuchtran¬sientelectronicstructurechangesonultrafasttimescales,inparticular,(i)time-andangle-resolvedphotoelectronspectroscopy(trARPES,(ii)time-resolvedTHzspectroscopyandTHzpumpingand(iii)time-resolvedresonantinelasticx-rayscattering(trRIXS).


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Eric Van StrylandreceivedhisphysicsPhDworkingattheOpticalSciencesCenter,UniversityofArizona,1976andjoinedtheUniversityofNorthTexas.HejoinedthestartofCREOLin1987,becomedirectorin1999,anditsfirstDeanin2004,TheCollegeofOpticsandPhotonics.HeisaFellowandpastPresidentofOSA(2006),awardedtheR.W.WoodPrize(2012),aFellowofAPS,IEEEandSPIEandpastBoardmemberofLIA.Hegraduated37Ph.D.’spublished>300papersprimarilyinthefieldofnonlinearoptics(e.g.Z-scan,nonlinearKramers-Kronig,cascadedsecond-ordernonlinearities),andisPegasusProfessorandTrusteeChair at the University of Central Florida in Orlando.

Characterization and Modeling of Nonlinear Optical Materials for Various Applications

TIME: MONDAY11:15ANDWEDNESDAY11:45

Itisnecessarytofullyunderstandthenonlinearoptical(NLO)responseofmaterialsinordertodesignusefulnonlinearopticaldevices,e.g.all-opticalswitches.Iwillpresentthebasicsforunderstandingnonlinearabsorption(NLA)andnonlinearrefraction(NLR)fromvariousmechanisms in a variety of materials including semiconductors, solvents, organic dyes and evengases.Iwillalsodrawsimilaritiesbetweenthelight-matterinteractionsindifferentmaterials. I will then describe methods that have been developed to unravel the various NLOresponsesthatcanoccursimultaneouslyinmaterialsthathaveplaguedtheliteratureleadingtoapparentordersofmagnitudediscrepancies.AmongtheseareZ-scanwhichcanseparatelydeterminethesignandmagnitudeofNLAandNLR,butisasingle-beammethodthatgivesnoinformationaboutthetemporalresponse.Complementarytothisarepump-probetechniquesforNLAwhichyieldthetemporalresponse.Ournewbeam-deflectiontechniquegivesthetemporalresponseoftheNLR.Itshighsensitivity(assmallasλ/20,000 phaseshift)allowsmeasurementsofgases.ThespectralpropertiesofthesevariousNLOresponsesiskeytotheirunderstanding.ThenonlinearKramers-Kronigrelationslinkingthe dispersion of nonlinear refraction to the spectrum of nonlinear absorption will also be describedinanintuitivemanner.Thisleadsustolookatnondegeneratenonlinearities,i.e.wherethefrequenciesusedforthese2-photonprocessesareunequal.Forsemiconductorswefindthatbygoingtoextremelynondegeneratephotons(energyratio~10),the2-photonabsorptionisenhancedby2-3ordersofmagnitude.Thisallowsfor2-photonLIDARimagingandeventhepossibilityofa2-photonlaser.

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Rick TrebinoreceivedhisB.A.fromHarvardUniversityin1977andhisPh.D.degreefromStanfordUniversityin1983.Hisdissertationresearchinvolvedthedevelopmentofatechniqueforthemeasurementofultrafasteventsinthefrequencydomainusinglong-pulselasersbycreatingmovinggratings.Hecontinuedthisresearchduringathree-yearterm as a physical sciences research associate at Stanford. In 1986, he moved to Sandia NationalLaboratoriesinLivermore,California.TherehedevelopedFrequency-ResolvedOpticalGating(FROG),thefirsttechniqueforthemeasurementoftheintensityandphaseofultrashortlaserpulses.In1998,hebecametheGeorgiaResearchAlliance-EminentScholarChair of Ultrafast Optical Physics at the Georgia Institute of Technology, where he currently studies ultrafast optics and applications.

Prof.Trebinohasreceivedseveralprizes,includingtheSPIE’sEdgertonPrize,andhewasanIEEELasersandElectro-OpticsSocietyDistinguishedLecturer.HeisaFellowoftheOptical Society of America, the American Physical Society, the American Association for the AdvancementofScience,andtheSocietyofPhoto-InstrumentationEngineers.Hisinterestsinclude adventure travel, archaeology, and primitive art.

Measuring Everything You’ve Always Wanted to Know About a Light Pulse

TIME: MONDAY,12:00ANDTUESDAY14:30

The vast majority of the greatest scientific discoveries of all time have resulted directly frommorepowerfultechniquesformeasuringlight.Indeed,ourmostimportantsourceofinformationaboutouruniverseislight,andourabilitytoextractinformationfromitislimitedonly by our ability to measure it.

Interestingly, the vast majority of light in our universe remains immeasurable, involving long pulsesofrelativelybroadbandlight,necessarilyinvolvingultrafastandextremelycomplextemporalvariationsintheirintensityandphase.Soitisim-portanttodeveloptechniquesformeasuring,evermorecompletely,lightwithevermorecomplexsubmicrondetailinspaceandevermorecomplexultrafastvariationsintime.Theproblemisseverelycomplicatedbythe fact that the timescales involved correspond to the shortest events ever created, and measuringaneventintimeseemstorequireashorterone,which,bydefinition,doesn’texist!

Nevertheless,wehavedevelopedsimple,elegantmethodsforcompletelymeas-uringtheseevents,yieldingalightpulse’sintensityandphasevs.timeandspace.Oneinvolvesmakinganopticalspectrogramofthepulseinanonlinearopticalmedi-umandwhosemathematicsisequivalenttothetwo-dimensionalphase-retrievalproblem—aproblemthat’ssolvableonlybecausetheFundamentalTheoremofAlge-brafailsforpolynomialsoftwovariables.Andwe have recently developed simple methods for measuring the complete spatio-temporal electric field[E(x,y,z,t)]ofanarbitrarylightpulse—evenforasinglepulse.


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Scott DiddamsisaFellowoftheNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology(NIST)wherehecarriesoutexperimentalresearchinthefieldsofprecisionspectroscopyandmetrology,nonlinearoptics,microwavephotonicsandultrafastlasers.HereceivedthePh.D.degreefromtheUniversityofNewMexicoin1996.From1996through2000,hedidpostdoctroralworkatJILA,NISTandtheUniversityofColorado.TogetherwithcolleaguesatJILA,hebuiltthefirstself-referenced,octave-spanningopticalfrequencycombandusedittoproducecarrier-envelopephasestabilizedpulses,aswellascarryoutdirectopticaltomicrowavemeasurements.Since2000,DiddamshasbeenastaffmemberatNIST.WithhisgroupandcolleaguesatNIST,hehascontinuedthedevelopmentofopticalfrequencycombsandpioneeredtheiruseinopticalclocks,testsoffundamentalphysics,novelspectroscopyinthevisibleandmid-infrared,andultralownoisefrequencysynthesis.Inrecentyears,specialattentionhasbeengiventohighrepetitionratelaser-basedandmicroresonatorfrequencycombs,whicharebeingexploredforapplicationsinmicrowavephotonicsandastronomy.Dr. Diddams is a recipient of the Department of Commerce gold and silver medals for “revolutionizingthewayfrequencyismeasured”aswellasthePresidentialEarlyCareerAwardinScienceandEngineering(PECASE)forhisworkonopticalfrequencycombs.Heisa Fellow of the Optical Society of America and the American Physical Society, as well as a Professor Adjoint at the University of Colorado.

Laser and Parametric Optical Frequency Combs

TIME:MONDAY,14:30ANDFRIDAY,09:45

Inthepastdecadewehavewitnessedsignificantadvancesassociatedwiththefrequencystabilizationofthecombpresentintheoutputofamode-lockedfemtosecondlaser.Whileprovingitselftobefantasticallysuccessfulinitsroleasthe“gears”ofopticalatomicclocks,theopticalfrequencycombhasfurtherevolvedintoavaluabletoolforawiderangeofapplications,includingultravioletandinfraredspectroscopy,frequencysynthesis,opticalandmicrowave waveform generation, astronomical spectrograph calibration, and attosecond pulsegeneration,tonameafew.Inthistalk,Iwilltraceourprogressonsomeoftheseapplications, and highlight the laser and nonlinear optics advances that have made them possible. In addition, I will offer a perspective on the challenges and opportunities for frequencycombsthatmightlieahead.Alongtheselines,Iwilldescriberesearchintoanewclassofparametricfrequencycombsthatarebasedonmonolithicmicroresonators.Suchmicrocomb devices are compatible with semiconductor processing and could be further integrated with other photonic and electronic components on a silicon chip. In the future, suchtechnologymaybringtheprecision,flexibility,andmeasurementpoweroffrequencycombs to a wide range of new and emerging applications beyond the confines of the research laboratory.

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Jean-Claude DielsispresentlyprofessorofPhysicsandECEattheUniversityofNewMexico,andstaffmemberattheCenterforHighTechnologyMaterials.HiseducationandexperiencesincludeworkinGermany,theNetherlands,France,andmanyU.S.locations(PhillipsResearchLaboratoriesinEindhoven,Netherlands,MaxPlanckInstituteinG¨ottingen,Germany,CEASaclay,andtheUniversityofBordeaux).HewasstudentofProfessorE.L.HahnattheUC,Berkeley,ResearchAssociateProfessoratUSC’sCenterforLaserStudies,andProfessorofPhysicsattheUniversityofNorthTexasinDenton,Texas.

Professor Diels has been active in the area of coherent interactions and ultrashort laser pulses,leadingtothetextbook:“UltrafastPhenomena”.Heinventedtheinterferometricautocorrelation in 1978 (Proceedings Picosecond Phenomena I, Springer, p. 117), and demonstrated for the first time intracavity pulse compression with prisms in 1983 (Opt. Lett. 8;4).Heco-authoredwithLadanArissianthebook“Lasers,thepowerandprecisionofLight”,alaymanguidetolaserphysicscelebratingthe50thanniversaryofthelaser.Hewashonoredwiththe2006ExcellenceinEngineeringAwardofOSAforhisworkonIntracavityPhaseInterferometry.

Frequency combs to detect phase changes of 10-8: Intracavity Phase Interferometry

TIME: MONDAY,15:15ANDTHURSDAY,09:00

Theconventionallasergyroisinhomogenouslybroadened(He-Nelasertopreventgaincompetition),singlemode,stablecavity,noscatteringelementtopreventlock-in.Theselimitationsdonotexistifamode-lockedlaserwithtwointracavitypulsesisused.Themeasurement—abeatfrequencybetweenthetwooutputpulsetrains—canbeusedtodetectanyphysicalquantitythatproducesanopticalphaseshift(acceleration,displacement,nonlinearindexofrefraction,electro-opticeffect,magneticfield,phonondetection,etc.. . ). Intracavity Phase Interferometry is using the laser as an interferometer of near infinite finesse.Thenoiseinthetwooutputcombsiscorrelated,resultinginasub-Herzbeatnotebandwidth,evenwhentheindividualmodeofeachfrequencycombisseveralMHzwide.Intracavityscatteringelementsdonotproduceadeadband(exceptifinsertedatacrossingpointofthetwopulses).Becausefrequencycombshaveequallyspacedteeth,thebeatnoteisamovingfringepatternwith100%visibility.Thetheoryandimplementationoffrequencycombs applied to intracavity phase interferometry will be reviewed.

With the recent success of LIGO in detecting a gravitational wave, there has been a surge of interest in amplifying the response of intracavity phase interferometry by socalled “slow light” or “fast light”. We demonstrate large changes in response sensitivity of intracavity phase interferometry, related to dispersion, but not to pulse velocity. We find thus the label “fast”or“slow”lighttobeamisnomer.InsertingaFabry-Perotetaloninamode-lockedlaser, we show that the group velocity of the intracavity pulses can be modified, but there is no corresponding change in intracavity phase interferometry beat note response. The intracavityetalonproducesanestedfrequencycomb,ofwhichthemodespacing(inverseofpulsevelocity)canbevaried.Theverycounter-intuitivepropertiesofthisnestedcombwillbeexplained.Theuncoatedetalonacquiresthefinesseofthelasercavity,resultinginaresonantdispersion that modifies the beat note response.


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Lene Vestergaard HauistheMallinckrodtProfessorofPhysicsandofAppliedPhysicsatHarvardUniversity,andreceivedherPh.D.fromtheUniversityofAarhus,Denmark.HerPh.D.workwasintheoreticalcondensedmatterphysics,andshehasworkedinthefieldsofexperimentalandtheoreticaloptical,atomic,andcondensedmatterphysics.Herresearchhasincludedstudiesofultra-coldatomsandsuperfluidBose-Einsteincondensates,channelingofhigh-energyelectronsandpositronsinsinglecrystalswithexperimentsatCERN,Brookhaven,andLawrenceLivermoreNationalLaboratory.SheisaMacArthurFellow,andwaselectedtotheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciences,theRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciences,andtheRoyalDanishAcademyofSciencesandLetters.Sheisarecipientofnumerousawards,includingtheLedliePrize,HarvardUniversity’shighestfacultyaward,aswellastheOleRoemerMedal,andtheRichtmyerMemorialLectureAward.In2010,shewasappointedNationalSecurityScienceandTechnologyFacultyFellowbytheSecretaryof Defense, and was named “World Dane”, thus becoming one of only three Danes to have beenelectedforthishonor.In2012shewasnamed“ThomsonReutersCitationLaureate”byThomsonReuters.

TIME: MONDAY,17:00ANDTUESDAY,09:45

Lecture I:

Quantum Control of Light and MatterInthelecture,Iwilldescribehowquantummechanicscanbeusedtomanipulatelighttotheextreme.Lightpulsesareslowedtobicyclespeed,25km/hour,inBose-condensedcloudsofultra-coldatoms.Thisis50milliontimeslowerthanthelightspeedinvacuum.Intheprocess,alightpulsespatiallycompressesbythesamelargefactor,from1kmtoonly0.02 mm, and the pulse can then be completely stopped and later restarted. From here, we willtakemattersfurther:stopandextinguishalightpulseinonepartofspaceandreviveitin a completely different location. In the process, the light pulse is converted to a perfect mattercopythatcanbestored–putontheshelf–sculpted,andthenturnedbacktolight.The storage time can be many seconds, and during this time, light could – under normal circumstances–travelbackandforthtotheMoonseveraltimesover.Theobservationsrepresentnovelparadigmsforpowerfulinformationprocessing,andforcontrolandinter-conversion of light and matter.

Lecture II: The Art of Taming Light: What We Can Learn from a BacteriumInthislecture,Iwilldescribeanewresearchdirectionattheinterfaceofthefieldsoflight-matter interactions, nanoscience, and molecular and synthetic biology. The research will involvefundamentalstudiesoflight-drivenphotosyntheticproteinscoupledtoengineered,inorganicnano-scalestructures,andencompassesbothnaturalandgene-engineeredproteins.Thiscouldhaveapplications,forexample,forthedevelopmentofnewschemesforbiofuel production. In the lecture, I will introduce the fascinating process of photosynthesis in natural systems, gene manipulation and why it is needed, as well as the special properties of nanoscale systems.

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Marcus Motzkus isProfessorofPhysicalChemistryattheRuprecht-KarlsUniversitätHeidelberg.Hisresearchinterestsareultrafastmultidimensionaltimeresolvedspectroscopyon biological molecules and new materials, nonlinear optical microspectroscopy and coherentcontrol.HereceivedhisPhDinPhysicsfromtheLudwig-MaximiliansUniversität(LMU)inMunichin1994andworkedasapostdocinthegroupofAhmedH.ZewailattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.Between1996and2002hedidhisHabilitationworkon“Coherentcontrolofultrafastquantumphenomena”attheMaxPlanckInstituteforQuantumOptics,Garching,andLMU.In2002hewasinvitedguestprofessorattheUniversityofFranche-ComteinBesanconandlecturerattheLMU.In2003hebecameprofessorforphysicalchemistryatthePhilippsUniversitätMarburgbeforetakingchargeofhiscurrentpositioninHeidelbergin2009.

Multimodal Quantum Control Micro-Spectroscopy

TIME: TUESDAY,09:00ANDTHURSDAY,09:45

Nonlinearspectroscopicmethods,suchascoherentRamanmicroscopy,haveseentremendous development over the recent years resulting in many different applications in both the physical and life sciences. One of the main reasons is the ever increasing availability of high power, femtosecond laser systems producing tunable pulses of various spectral energies (visible, infrared and ultraviolet) and pulse durations (<10 fs achievable). Theutilizationofsuchbroadband(100’snm)andtransformlimitedlaserpulseswithmodernpulseshapers,canpermitthegenerationofspecificallytailoredexcitationfields,wherebythedifferentnonlinearresponsescanbecoherentlycontrolled.Forexample,suchshapedpulses can be used for the selective population of specific vibrational modes or the direct manipulation of the motion of molecular systems.

InmylectureIwillpresenttheexperimentalrealizationofcombiningultrashort,sub10fslaser pulses with pulse shapers, and show in detail the successful implementation of different Ramanschemesandothercoherentlycontrollednonlinearprocessesforchemicalanalytics.Achievableapplicationsincludetheswitchingbetweennarrowband,single-resonancenonlinearRamanandbroadband,multiplexcoherentanti-StokesRamanspectroscopywithrelativeease.Otheradvantagesincludetheeliminationofunwantedtwo-photonfluorescenceoreventhedirectacquisitionoflinearRamanspectra.Finally,withtheintegrationofseveralpulse-shapingtechniques,theconceptcanofferasimplerouteformultimodal microscopy, both in the steady state and transient regimes.


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Dr. Peter Fendel istheHeadoftheLaserDivisionandNewTechnologyScoutatThorlabsInc.HereceivedhisDiplomaDegreeinPhysicsfromtheUniversityofEssen,Germanystudying low temperature plasmas by laser spectroscopy. After an internship at the Air Force ResearchLaboratoryinDayton,OhiohestartedhisPhDworkunderTedHänschattheMaxPlanckInstituteforQuantumOptics(MPQ)inMunich.MainareasofinterestduringhistimeatMPQwereexperimentalverificationsofBoundStateQuantumElectrodynamicsandfrequencycombspectroscopy.AfterhisPhDworkwascompletedDr.FendeljoinedFranzKärtnerattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)inBostonin2006.Amongotherprojects he developed high repetition rate, octave spanning femtosecond (fs) laser to be usedinthesearchforexoplanets.SimultaneouslyheintroducedthistechnologyintoMenloSystemswhilesettinguptheirUSoperation.In2009ProfessorsKärtnerandFujimotobothMIT,AlexCable,FounderandCEOofThorlabsandDr.FendelfoundedidestaQuantumElectronicstofurthercommercializeIParoundfslasersandfstimingdistributiondevelopedatMIT.Afterspendingalmost1.5yearsatCoherentInc.inSantaClara,CAtooverseetheultrafast oscillator development, he joined Thorlabs in his current role in 2013.

Applications of Femtosecond Lasers: from Astro Combs to Deep Brain Imaging

TIME: WEDNESDAY,09:00

InthistalkIwillpresentabriefoverviewaboutafewdifferentapplicationexamplesoffemtosecondlasersinfundamentalandappliedscience.Thefirstpartofthetalkwillfocusontheuseoffemtosecondlasersforfrequencycombsandprecisionspectroscopy.TheinventionofthefrequencycombbyHallandHänschin1999marksthebeginningofarevolution in precision spectroscopy providing a universal tool to bridge the gap from theradiofrequencytimestandardtoopticalfrequencies.Besidestheiruseinfrequencymetrology,frequencycombsenableaseriesofastrophysicalexperimentslikethesearchforplanetsoutsideofoursolarsystemsocalledexoplanets.FortheseexperimentsfrequencycombsarelinkedtohighresolutionEchellespectrometersontelescopesaroundtheworldtoprovideadenseandlongtermstablecalibrationmatrix.

But femtosecond lasers had not only a great impact in the physical sciences but they also droveamajordevelopmentinthelifesciencesmainlyinnon-linearmicroscopy.Denkand Webb pioneered two photon absorption laser scanning microcopy allowing for an unprecedented insight into neuroscience and cellular biology. Two photon imaging, for example,allowsthestudyofneuralactivitydeepinsidethebraintissuepossiblyprovidinganunderstandingofdiseasessuchastheAlzheimer’sdisease.Onlyfemtosecondlasersareabletodeliverthenecessarypeakpowertoachievemeasureablefluorescencerateswhileatthesametimekeepingtheheatingofthesampleandphoto-toxicitylow.Today,twophotonimagingisthesinglelargestcommercialmarketforfemtosecondlasersandhencewillbethetopic of the second part of my presentation.

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Mark I. StockmanreceivedhisPhDandDScdegreesfrominstitutesoftheRussianAcademyofSciences.HeisaProfessorofPhysicsandtheDirectoroftheCenterforNanooptics(CeNO)atGeorgiaStateUniversity,Atlanta,GA,USA.HeisaFellowoftheAmericanPhysicalSociety,OpticalSocietyofAmerica,andSPIE–TheInternationalSocietyforOptoelectronicEngineering.HehasservedasaDistinguishedVisitingProfessoratEcoleNormaleSupérieuredeCachan(France)andasaVisitingProfessoratEcoleSupérieuredePhysiqueanddeChimieIndustrielle(Paris,France),andalsoasaGuestProfessoratUniversityofStuttgart(Germany),MaxPlankInstituteforQuantumOptics(Garching,Germany),andLudwigMaximilianUniversity(Munich,Germany).Amajordirectionofhisresearchistheoreticalnanoplasmonicsandstrong-fieldultrafastoptics.Heisaco-inventorofspaser(nanoplasmoniclaser).Heisanauthorofover200majorresearchpapersandhaspresentednumerousplenary,keynote,andinvitedtalksatmajorinternationalconferences.Hegavelecturesandtaughtcoursesonnanoplasmonicsandultrafastopticsatmanymajorinternationalmeetings,schools,andscientificinstitutionsinUS,Canada,Europe,Asia,andAustralia.

Latest Progress in Spasers (Plasmonic Nanolasers)

TIME: WEDNESDAY,11:00ANDFRIDAY,11:30

Nanoplasmonicsdealswithcollectiveelectronexcitationsatthesurfacesofmetalnanostructures,calledsurfaceplasmons.Thesurfaceplasmonslocalizeandnano-concentrateopticalenergycreatinghighlyenhancedlocalfields.Nanoplasmonicshasnumerousapplications in science, technology, biomedicine, environmental monitoring, and defense.

Thereisanall-importantneedinactivedevicescapableofgeneratingandamplifyingcoherent optical fields on the nanoscale analogous to lasers and amplifiers of the conventional optics or transistors of microelectronics. Such an active device is the spaser (surface plasmon amplification by stimulated emission of radiation), also called plasmonic nanolaser.Wewillfocusonthenewestideasandreviewthelatestexperimentalprogressinspasers,whichpresentlycoverawideopticalspectrumfromnear-IRtonear-UV.

We will present two new theoretical ideas in the field of spasers: spaser with electric pumping viaquantumwireandquantum-cascadegraphenespaser.Wewillconsideranexampleofthe latest progress in spasers and some applications of spasers. Among them is a recent breakthroughinultrasensitivedetectionofexplosivesusingthespaser.Anotherrecentbreakthroughtobepresentedisanapplicationofthespaserasanultrabrightnanolabelandan efficient theranostic agent in biomedicine (cancer diagnostics and treatment).


16


John CollieristheDirectoroftheUK’sCentralLaserFacility(CLF),basedattheRutherfordAppletonLaboratoryatHarwell,OxfordshireandpartoftheUKScienceandTechnologyFacilities Council (STFC). A laser scientist by training, Prof Collier initially joined the CLF as a researchscientistfromCERN(wherehewasaResearchFellow),apositionfromwhichhehasgrown to become the Director of the CLF about 6 years ago. Prof Collier has played a central roleinbuildingtheCLFintooneoftheworld’sleadingresearchcentresformulti-disciplinaryscience and innovation using lasers, and establishing the CLF at the heart of major international programmes. Today, he leads a staff of around 150 scientists, engineers and techniciansinthisendeavour,inactivitiesthatspanthescientificspectrum,workingwiththemajorityofUKuniversities,allfiveUKscientificResearchCouncils,theEuropeanCommission,industry,charities,otheragenciesofthestatesuchastheMinistryofDefence,theNationalHealthService,theHomeOfficeandawiderangeinternationalpartners.Hehaspublishedover 90 peer reviewed articles and sits on numerous international advisory and review bodies inEuropeandtheUSA.HeisaDirectorofoneofCLF’sspinoutsScitech Precision Ltd. and was recently elected a Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales.

High Power Lasers – in all their senses!

TIME: THURSDAY,14:30

HighPeakPowerlasershavebecomeubiquitousoverthelastseveraldecades,andnowinternationally there are many systems installed on a commercial basis that are capable of achieving PW level performance at relatively low cost. Additionally, several systems to achieve 10PW or more are under construction as part of international consortia, and the couplingofhighpeakpowerlaserstootherfacilitiesisincreasinglyoccurring.

Equally,overthelastfewdecadesthecostreductionsandperformanceincreaseofdiodelaser technology has advanced to the point that it has now become a very attractive and genericmeansofdrivinglasersystems.Highaveragepowerlasersbasedondiodepumpedtechnologyhasfoundwidespreaduptakeintheindustrialsector-multikWCWpowersareroutine and a wide variety of low energy pulsed systems have been reported – many are commercially available.

Howeverthedevelopmentofsystemswhereboththeseapproachesarecombinedhasbeenvery limited, which is essential if the transformative potential for the application of the effects inducedbyhighpeakpowerlasersistoberealisedina“realworld”sense.

SointhistalkIwillreviewsomeofthebasicconceptsofhighpeakpowerandhighaveragepowerlasers,discussthestate-of-the-art,includingeffortstocombinebothapproachesandfinally highlight some downstream real word applications of a combined approach.

17



Philip H. BucksbaumistheMargueriteBlakeWilburProfessorinNaturalScienceatStanfordUniversity.HeisamemberofthePhysics,AppliedPhysics,andPhotonScienceDepartments.HedirectstheStanfordPULSEInstituteattheSLACNationalAcceleratorLaboratory,devotedtoresearchutilizingultrafastlasersandtheLCLSatSLAC.Hisownresearchinterestsareintheareasofquantumcontrolofatomsandmolecules,withparticularemphasis on attosecond time scales, strong laser fields, and short wavelength radiation. BucksbaumholdsdegreesfromHarvardCollege(A.B.1975magnacumlaudeinPhysics)andtheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley(M.A.1978inPhysics;Ph.D.1980inPhysics).HehasbeenelectedtotheNationalAcademyofSciencesandtheAmericanAcademyofArtsand Sciences, and also has been elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society and theOpticalSociety.HeservedasPresidentoftheOpticalSocietyin2014.PriortojoiningtheStanfordfacultyhewasonthefacultyoftheUniversityofMichiganandthestaffofBellLaboratories.

Ultrafast X-ray Lasers: What are they? What are they good for?

TIME: THURSDAY,15:15ANDFRIDAY,09:00

TheStanfordLinacCoherentLightSource(LCLS)istheworld’sfirsthardx-rayfreeelectronlaser,inoperationsince2009.Itproducesmillijoulesof10-100femtosecondkilovoltx-rays,which can be focused to intensities as high as 1018 W/cm2. This is a billion times brighter than anypreviousx-raysource.Howdoesanultrafastx-rayfreeelectronlaserwork?Andwhatkindsofresearchcanbedonewithit?

Iwillprovideanintroductiontothephysicsofx-rayFELs,andthephysicsofintensex-raymatter interactions. Then I will describe some of the current research in this field.

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Abstracts

P01 ■ SHUNGO ARAKI

Tunable optical vortex parametric oscillator

Opticalvortices,carryingadoughnut-shapedintensityprofile and an orbital angular momentum, have been widely investigated in various applications, including super-resolutionmicroscopes,materialsprocessingandso on.

Ireportonawidelytunablemid-infraredvortexlaserbasedonanopticalvortexpumpedKTiOPO4opticalparametricoscillator(KTP-OPO)incombinationwithadifference-frequencygenerator.TheKTP-OPOwithalinearcavityconfigurationproducedavortexsignal(witha topological charge of 1) and a Gaussian idler outputs withinthewavelengthrangeof1780~2630nm.Also,wesuccessfullygeneratedatunable6.0~17μmopticalvortexoutputfromZnGeP2orAgGaSe2differencefre-quencygeneratorpumpedbyintheabove-mentionedsignal and idler outputs.

P02 ■ JAMES GAYNOR

Fourier Transform Two-Dimensional Electronic-Vibrational Spectroscopy Using a Broadband Mid-Infrared Probe

ThedevelopmentofcoherentFouriertransformtwo-dimensionalElectronic-Vibrational(2DEV)spectroscopywithacousto-opticpulse-shaper-generatednear-UVpumppulsesandanoctave-spanningbroadbandmid-infraredprobepulseispresented.A2DEVspectrumofasiliconwaferdemonstratesthefullexperimentalcapabilityofthisexperiment,anda2DEVspectrumofdissolvedhexacyanoferrateestablishestheviabilityofour2DEVexperimentforstudyingcondensedphasemolecularensembles.Thelatest2DEVdataandcurrentexperimentaldevelopmentsin-progresswillbedis-cussed.

P03 ■ KAVITA SHARMA

Non-linear behavior of ring-down time in cavity ring-down spectroscopy with tapered fibers

Cavityring-downtechnique(CRDT)inanall-fibercon-figuration is studied in two different modes of opera-tion. The noise and detection limits of the conventional

andamplifiedCRDtechniquesarecompared.ItisfoundthatthoughconventionalCRDThasthelowestnoiselevels,thering-downtimeisverysmall.AmplifiedCRDTprovidesanimprovementinring-downtime,albeitathigher noise levels.

The evanescent field in tapered fibers is used to detect therefractiveindexofsugarsolutions.Theeffectofambientrefractiveindexonlossandring-downtimeisstudiedinconventionalandamplifiedCRDTwithtaperedfibers.Simulationandexperimentalresultsindicatethatring-downtimevariesasrationalfunctionofambientrefractiveindex.

P04 ■ YITZI CALM

From Airy to Abbe: Design Criteria for Highly Nonparaxial Flat Lenses

A new class of 2D metamaterials (metasurfaces), called planaropticalelements(POEs),arecharacterizedashavingamicroscopicthickness(≲ λ), macroscopic transverse dimension (≳ 100λ), and being composed of an array of nanosctructured light scatterers. For imag-ingpurposes,thelens-typePOEisreferredtoasa“flatlens”, and in this paper, we pay attention to the general design criteria one should consider when constructing a flatlens.

Recentadvancesinopticalmicroscopyhaveenabledimaging with spatial resolution beyond the diffraction limit.WenumericallyintegratethescalarKirchhoffdif-fractionintegrals,andexaminethefeaturesofanonpar-axialpointspreadfunction.Inperformingaparametricstudy, we propose new functional forms for the resolu-tion limits derived from the focusing of scalar spherical waves.Ourresultsserveasaqualitativeguidelineforflatlensdesign,andcouldmateriallyimpactthedesignof high intensity focused ultrasound systems.

P05 ■ CATALINA RAMÍREZ GUERRA

Laser-pump mode-matching enhancement by astigmatism compensation in a femtosecond oscillator.

A program based on genetic algorithms to compensate astigmatism applicable to any resonator was developed, whichwasachievedbyoptimizingthemode-coupling,

Session1postersetupwillbeMonday18:15(P01-P26)andremovedWednesdayMorning.Session2postersetupWednesday10:45(P27-P54)andremovedFridaymorning.

19


Abstracts

pump and laser emission beams within the gain me-dium. Astigmatism in the beams is generated by the rotationangle-relativetothepropagationdirectionofthepumpbeam-ofdifferentelementsinthecavityandit can be compensated by rotating the pump focus-ing lens and the pump concave mirror. The program usestheABCDpropagationmatrixmethodofgaussianbeams and satisfies the stability condition for any reso-nator.Inthisworktheprogramwasappliedtoaconcen-tric cavity Ti:sapphire laser. The program is composed onaseriesoffunctions.Themainfunctionexecutesagenetic algorithm to find the rotation angle of the focus-ing lens under two convergence conditions: minimizing the cross sectional coupling area between the pump andfluorescencebeamsandmatchingtheirvolumesinthegainmedium.Sidefunctionsperformdifferenttasksdedicated to the beam propagation parameters calcula-tion, in the tangential and sagittal planes. Theoretical andexperimentalresultsarepresentedvaryingthemode-couplingconditionaccordingtotheangleofthepump beam focusing lens.

P06 ■ ANDREW HUZORTEY

Range Independent Background Subtraction Algorithm Using Second derivative Method for Raman Peak Recovery

Wereportanovelcomputationaltechniquethatre-coversRamanpeaksembeddedinhighlyfluorescentcontaminatedspectra.OurtechniqueusesaSecondderivativemethodtoidentifythemostintenseRamanpeakafterwhichamodifiedSavistyGolayalgorithmisusedtoiterativelyfilterandrecoverthehiddenRamanpeaks.Thistechniqueisanimprovementonexistingbackgroundremovalalgorithmsinbothperformanceand user objectivity.

P07 ■ YUTA SASAKI

Deep ultraviolet vortex generation by employing a periodically bonded β-BaB2O4 device

Anopticalvortexexhibitsanorbitalangularmomentumand an annular intensity profile owing to its helical wave-front, and it can be applied to several applications such as super resolution microscopes and materials process-ing.Suchapplicationsrequirethewavelength-versatilityoftheopticalvortex.

Frequencyconversionprocessessuchassecondhar-monicgenerationandsum-frequencygenerationbasedonsecond-ordernonlinearityhavebeendemonstrated,however,thespatialformofthefrequencyconvertedoutputwasdegradedowingtothewalk-offeffectsofthe nonlinear crystals.

I report on the first demonstration of a deep ultravio-letvortexoutputwithoutaspatialseparationofphasesingularitiesbyfrequency-doublingagreenvortexlaserwithaperiodically-bondedβ-BaB2O4device.Maximumoutput energy was measured to be 1.3 mJ, correspond-ing to a conversion efficiency of 15.1%.

P08 ■ LORIS MARINI

Breakdown Flash at Telecom Wavelengths in Direct Bandgap Single-Photon Avalanche Photodiodes

Breakdownflashesinsingle-photonavalanchediodescanadverselyaffectlow-levelphotonexperiments.Wepresent the first measurement of this phenomenon at telecom wavelengths which is essential to the design and implement of preventive measures.

P09 ■ FELIPE CEZAR SALGADO

Spectral analysis of gas absorption lines using optical time-domain reflectometry

Detection of gas is a major concern for the industry especiallytospotleakagesofnaturalgasinpipelinesbyoil companies. The main component of the natural gas ismethane,whichcancauseexplosionsbesidestheen-vironmental problems. Several approaches using optical fiberstodetectgasleakagesanditsconcentrationhavebeen proposed, e.g., direct absorption and wavelength modulationspectroscopy(WMS).ThisworkproposesanewexperimentalsetuptoperformaspectroscopyanalysisofthegasusingonlyanOpticalTime-DomainReflectometer.

The proposed sensing system is composed by an OpticalTime-DomainReflectometer(OTDR),whichmodulates a booster optical amplifier operating around 16455nmfedbyacontinuous-wavesignalfromatun-abledistributedfeedbacklaser.AconversionsystemnamedtransponderOTDRisusedtomodulatethesemiconductoropticalamplifierwiththeOTDRpulses.ThetransponderOTDRhasaphotodetectorandaset

20


Abstracts

of electronics that converts the optical pulse emitted bytheOTDRdeviceintoelectricalpulsestomodulatetheBOA.Theopticalcellusedonthisexperimentisfilled with pure methane at 50 torr of pressure and has anopticalpathequalto5.5centimeters.Thisopticalcellisplaced4kmawayfromthepulsedlightsourceby a single spool of optical fiber. After the optical cell, anotherspoolof8kmopticalfiberisconnected.

The obtained attenuation spectrum of the pure meth-anegasat50torrofpressurecoincideswiththeHI-TRANonlinedatabaseforthesamegasconditions.Moreover,a3Dmapoftheopticallinkwithitsattenua-tions at each scanned wavelength is created by combin-ingallOTDRtraces.

P10 ■ CRISTIAN ANDRES TRIANA INFANTE

Spectrally encoded fiber Bragg grating sensors using Optical Code Division Multiplexing

EncodedberBragggrating(FBG)sensorsareproposedin order to provide full distinction between sensors op-erating at the same wavelength range. We used Optical Orthogonal Codes (OOC) to define the spectral shape oftheFBGsensors,providingthemwithauniquespec-tral signature. As a result we demonstrated the detec-tionandtrackingoftheproposedsensorswhichallowsefective measurement of the Bragg wavelength even under overlapping conditions.

P11 ■ MOHIT CHOUBE

Aluminum based Plasmonics in Visible Frequencies of the Electromagnetic Spectrum

Eversincethebeginning,GoldandSilverhavebeenused in the plasmonics based devices in the visible frequencyrange.Veryrecently,ithasbeenshownthatCopper can also be used in this range. Aluminium showssurfaceplasmonresonanceinDeep-UV.WeareworkingtodeviceaversatilemethodtouseAluminiumandAluminiumbasedsystemsinvisiblefrequencyrange. Successful results of our research will be a great contribution towards the scientific community and will significantly reduce the prices of biosensors, photonic integrated circuits and solar cells benefiting the soci-ety and the plasmonics industry, since Aluminium is a cheap,abundantandnon-toxicmetal.

P12 ■ DIPENKUMAR BAROT

Optical Metrology, Imaging and Sensing based on Femtosecond Optical Frequency Comb

Femtosecond-laseropticalfrequencycombs(OFC)areversatiletoolswithalotofuniquefeatures.Theobjec-tiveofthisresearchistoleveragesomeofthekeyad-vantages of OFC over conventional lasers, such as high frequencystabilityandfrequencytunability,toachievenovel applications in a number of fields, including opti-cal metrology, optical imaging and optical sensing. WehavedevelopedanOFC-basedopticalsamplingscheme called Optical Sampling by Cavity Tuning (OSCAT), and we have demonstrated time domain ap-plications such as ranging, optical imaging and 3D pro-filometry. In ranging, target vibration as small as 15 µm peaktopeakandasfastas50Hzalongline-of-sighthasbeensuccessfullydetectedatanequivalentfree-spacedistanceofmorethan2km.Inopticalimaging,opticalcoherence tomography (OCT) has been demonstrated on a wide range of targets with an emphasis on probing multi-phasesystems.Three-dimensionalsurfacepro-filometry has also been realized with a depth resolution greater than 50 µm.

Inthefrequencydomain,wehavesuccessfullylockedtwo diode lasers to two different comb modes of an OFC.Theslowfrequencydriftofeachdiodelaserhasbeenremovedduetothelong-termstabilityoftheOFC. This setup will be used to study ultrahigh sensitiv-ityfiber-opticsensingintheinfrasonicregionaswellasmulti-wavelengthinterferometry.

P13 ■ MITCHELL COX

Scalar and Vector Vortex Modes through Turbulence

Free-spaceopticalcommunicationwithspatialmodesof light has become topical due to the possibility of dramatically increasing communication bandwidth. ModescarryingOrbitalAngularMomentum(OAM)provideabasisforbothmodulationandModeDivisionMultiplexing(MDM)duetotheirorthogonalnature,andwhilebothscalarandvectorvortexmodeshavebeenused as transmission bases, it has been suggested that the latter is more robust in atmospheric turbulence. We demonstratetheoreticallyandexperimentallythatthecrosstalkduetoturbulenceisthesameinthescalar

21


Abstracts

andvectorbasissetsofLaguerre-Gaussianmodes.Thisworkbringsnewinsightsaboutthebehaviourofvectorand scalar modes in turbulence, but more importantly it demonstrates that when considering optimal modes for MDM,thechoiceshouldnotnecessarilybebasedontheir vectorial nature.

P14 ■ CHRISTINE HOLZAMMER

Investigation of the Inhibition Effect of Thermodynamic and Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitors by Raman Spectroscopy

Gashydratesaresolidice-likestructuresthatconsistofaframeworkformedbyhydrogenbondedwatermole-cules and usually one gas molecules incorporated inside of it. The undesired formation of gas hydrates can cause blockageinoilandgaspipelines.Especiallyinoff-shoredrilling the formation is of particular concern as low temperatures and high pressure enhance gas hydrate formation. Thus, a wide range of different inhibitors has been developed in order to prevent gas hydrates from forming. In general inhibitors can be classified in two groups:Thermodynamicandkinetichydrateinhibitors.Thermodynamicinhibitorsshifttheequilibriumtolowertemperaturesandhigherpressures,whereaskineticin-hibitors do not prevent hydrate nuclei from forming, but hinder them from further growth and agglomeration. We developed two methods to characterize their re-spectiveinhibitioneffectoncarbondioxidecontainingwater using the water stretching vibration gained from RamanSpectroscopy.Thermodynamicinhibitorsin-crease the competition for water molecules and thereby disturb hydrogen bonds between water molecules. Therefore we analyze the development of hydrogen bondsintheliquidwater-richphase:Usingavan’tHoffplot, it is possible to calculate the change in entropy and enthalpy of formation of hydrogen bonds. For kineticinhibitorsweareabletoquantifytheamountofhydrateinthestillflowablehydrate-water-CO2mixture.Withthesetwomethodsthermodynamicandkineticinhibitors can be compared regarding their suitability in flowassurance.

P15 ■ DRAKE ANTHONY

Developments for Preparing and Measuring 129Xe and 15N Hyperpolarization via Spin-Exchange Optical Pumping

HyperpolarizationisatechniqueusedinNMRandMRIrelated disciplines that provides strong signal enhance-ment and therefore allows sample detection in low mag-neticfieldenvironments.Inparticular,Spin-ExchangeOpticalPumping(SEOP)isahyperpolarizationmethodthat generates gases with high spin polarization that hasrecentlyshownuseinnovelMRImethods.Inthisstudy,circularlypolarizedlaserlightmatchingtheRbD1absorption line was used to optically pump a glass cell containingRbandCsvaporinaXeatmosphere.Elec-tronspinpolarizationforthegaseousRbandCswerefound to be 48.3% and 48.7%, respectively, suggesting successfulcrosspolarizationofthealkalimetalspecies.Nuclearspinpolarizationof129Xeinthecellwasfoundto be 29.1%, signifying efficient spin polarization transfer fromthealkalimetalspeciestoXenuclei.Inthefuture,hybridSEOPmayfinduseinclinicalhyperpolarizersforefficientgenerationofNMR/MRIactivegases.

P16 ■ SVYATOSLAV KHARITONOV

Isolator-free unidirectional thulium-doped fiber laser

I report the first demonstration of a unidirectional, isolator-free2-μmthulium-dopedfiber(TDF)laser,rely-ing on the properties of the theta cavity (ring resona-torwithS-shapedfeedback).ThecorepumpedthetacavityTDFlaserprovidessub-Wattoutputpowerwithaslopeefficiencyof25%,a2dBflattuningrangeof1900–2050 nm, and a linewidth of 0.2 nm, and achieves theextinctionratioof18–25dB(dependingonthefeedbackvalue)betweenthefavoredandsuppressedlasing directions. It is shown that these characteristics are competitive with, if not superior to, those of conven-tional ring cavities. The simulation results of the linear andKerr-nonlinearthetacavitiesarealsopresented,explainingcertainunexpectedfeaturesofthelaserbehavior and establishing the importance of the doped fiber nonlinearity on the spectral shaping of the emitted signal.

22


Abstracts

P17 ■ TOBIAS KLIMA

Raman-spectroscopy in multiphase flows at supercritical conditions

Indieselcombustionprocessesamulticomponentfluidis injected into supercritical air at pressures up to 10 MPaandtemperaturesupto800K.

Formodelingandoptimizationoftheprocess,knowl-edgeaboutthephasetransitionandmixturebehavioroftheliquid/gas/supercriticalsystemisimportant,andup to date still controversially debated.

Raman-spectroscopyallowsfordirectmeasurementofcompositionandphase,yetsuffersfromanextremelylow scattering cross section.

Byapplicationofmodernlong-pulselasersystemsthisissue can be overcome and new information about the injection process can be gained

Thethermodynamicalbackgroundofthephasetransi-tionfromliquidtogasorsupercriticalmixture,i.e.themixingandheatingratesaswellasphaseequilibriaathigh pressures and temperatures are investigated in a microcapillarysetup,alsoemployingRaman-spectrosco-pywithasophisticatedtriggeringmechanismforphase-sensitive measurements.

P18 ■ HAMPUS WIKMARK

An interferometer setup for attosecond pump-probe experiments on aligned molecules

InHigh-orderHarmonicGeneration(HHG),anintenselaser field is used to create subfemtosecond pulses with high photon energies. At the Lund Laser Centre Intense XUVbeamline,weproduceanattosecondpulsetrain,which can be focused to an intensity high enough for nonlinearlight-matterinteraction.Totakeadvantageofthe time resolution provided, the most common ap-proachispump-probeexperiments,enablinginvestiga-tions of the structure and dynamics of molecules. For a better insight into these properties, it is beneficial to also align the molecule.

A design is presented for an interferometer setup, which willenablepump-probeexperimentsonmoleculesaligned by an infrared field. In order to reconcile the time scales of ultrafast dynamics and molecular align-ment, the setup consists of two interferometers. The presenteddesignmayalsobecombinedwithanXUV

split-and-delayunitinordertoenableIR-XUV-XUVex-periments on aligned molecules.

P19 ■ RICCARDO PENNETTA

Adiabatic silica nanospike with ultra-narrow mechanical linewidth

Inoptomechanics,highmechanicalQ-factorsareusu-ally preferred since a long phonon lifetime is crucial for increasing the coupling of the mechanical motion to the electromagnetic field. For clamped resonators, however,itisusuallychallengingtoreachhighQ-factorsbecauseofleakageofacousticenergyintothesupport-ingstructure.Forthisreasonmorecomplexstructuressuchassuspendedmicro-resonators[1]orphononiccrystals[2]needtobeemployed.Herewedemonstratethataproperlydesignedfree-standingsilicamicrospikecan, because of efficient reduction of clamping losses inthefibertaper,providehighQ-factorsforthefunda-mentalflexuralresonancemodeatlowgaspressures.Atthesametime,thishighQ-factormechanicalresonatormaintains adiabatic guidance of the fundamental optical mode, offering an ideal tool for optomechanical mea-surements. We have already reported one application of this probe, as a novel adiabatic device for launching lightintohollowcorephotoniccrystalfibres[3].Inad-dition,themicrospikealsooffersanelegantmeansofstudyingnon-trivialphenomenarelatedtothermaldis-sipation and molecular dynamics in the free molecular regime.

P20 ■ OMAR CALDERÓN-LOSADA

Control of the spatial correlations of pairs of photons by tuning the focusing of the pump laser

Inthisworkwestudytheeffectsofchangingthefocus-ing of the pump laser on the spatial correlations of pairs of photons generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion(SPDC)typeIIinanon-collinearcon-figuration.Essentially,wepresentatheoreticalmodeltodescribe the degree of correlation (DOC) in the trans-verse momentum domain for these pairs of photons andexperimentallyshowhowthisDOCdependsontheparameters that describe the crystal and the waist of the laser beam used as pump. Interestingly, we also found that the DOC behavior changes if one scans different directions of the biphoton transverse plane.

23


Abstracts

P21 ■ MEDYA FOUAD NAMIQ NAMIQ

Refractive Index Determination of Hydrofluoric Acid using In-situ Monitoring of Etched Fibre Bragg Gratings

Inthiswork,basedonsimpletechniqueofmeasuringthe differential relative shifts of the Bragg resonances betweenthefundamentalmodeLP01andthehigher-order modes; LP11, LP02, LP21, LP12, LP31 in an etched FBG,wedeterminetherefractiveindexofabufferedHF(BHF)acidsolutionwithconcentration(20:1)tobe~1.360± 0.005 at 1.55µm, and use that to demonstrate precise control the fibre etch diameter during the etch-ingprocess.Therefractiveindexiscalibratedagainstknownindicesofliquidsandsolvents,includingwater,methanol,acetone,IPAandethyleneglycol.Theex-perimental results were compared with simulations and exhibitedexcellentagreement.

P22 ■ MITZI ODÓÑEZ PÉREZ

Construction and design of a femtosecond Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (fs-EDFA) for THz generation applications

Inthiswork,wepresentthedesignandconstructionofafemtosecondErbiumDopedFiberAmplifier(fs-ED-FA). We determine the optimal condition using a model forEDFA´sandringlasersbasedonopticaldispersionandself-phasemodulationparameters.Weconsideramodelofaself-mode-lockedfiberringlaserforwhichthe evolution of a propagating pulse in a birefringent optical fiber is periodically perturbed by the rotation of the owing to the presence of a passive polarizer. The oscillator system produces a nonlinear polarization rota-tion with polarization selectivity, which gets inside the erbium doped fiber which can act as a saturable ab-sorber. The output pulses characteristics are; repetition ratesof61MHz.generatespulsesofabout82fswithaspectrumbandwidth>100nmandcorrespondingpeakpowerupto6.8KWwhichcanbeincreasedwithasingleamplificationstage.Thefs-EDFAwillbecoupledwithaphotoconductiveantennaforTHzgeneration.

P23 ■ SIVASHAKTHI A

Wideband, high resolution instantaneous frequency measurement using stimulated Brillouin scattering

Instantaneousfrequencymeasurement(IFM)isthetechniqueofdetectinganunknownRFormicrowavefrequency.Awideband(25GHz)andhighresolution(50MHz-determinedbythestepsizeofpumptuning)microwavephotonicinstantaneousfrequencymeasure-ment is proposed and demonstrated using stimulated Brillouin scattering in single mode fiber. The Brillouin shift is wavelength dependent and this property is exploitedtoobtainanamplitudecomparisonfunction(ACF). The pump is obtained by modulating (carrier sup-pressedsingleside-bandmodulator)anarrowlinewidthlaserusinganunknownRF.Aprobeisplacedatafixedfrequency(Brillouinshift)fromthepump.Whenthepump is tuned, the Brillouin shift changes from reso-nance and the gain seen by the probe reduces. If the pumpchangesby40GHz,theBrillouinshiftchangesbyonly2MHztherebyenablingwide-bandwidthmeasure-ment.Byscanningtheinstantaneousfrequency,theACF can be obtained. It is also possible to obtain the ACFbytuningtheprobeto2MHzarounditsinitialfre-quencywhilekeepingthepumpfrequencyfixed.

P24 ■ JOÃO MAIA

Fabrication of optofluidic devices by femtosecond laser direct writing

Lab-on-chipsystemsintegratemicrofluidicchannelstotransport,mix,makereactandanalyzesmallvolumesof samples. These devices are usually manufactured by soft lithography, however femtosecond laser direct writ-ingaddsnewadvantadgessuchasthree-dimensionalfabricationandon-chipopticaldetection.Therefore,thisfabricationtechniqueallowstheimplementationofmonolithicoptofluidicdevices.

Inthistechnique,theinteractionbetweenlaserirradia-tion and a glass sample alters the material properties around the focal volume by increasing the refractive indexandetchingselectivityinhydrofluoricacid. Thefirsteffectallowsfabricationoflow-losswave-guides, Bragg grating waveguides and directional couplers, among others, which are demonstrated in thiswork.Irradiationofthesamplealsopromotesan

24


Abstracts

anisotropic etching reaction thus allowing fabrication of channels inside the glass with variable geometry while maintaing smooth sidewalls and uniform aspect ratio. Byplacingthemicrofluidicchannelsnexttoopticallay-ers (Bragg gratings or interferometers) we can analyze thefluidpropertieseitherbyevanescentcouplingorby crossing the waveguide with the channel; results are presented.

P25 ■ ANJALI PS

Demonstration of filterless and tunable-thulium doped fiber laser with emission in the 2 µm region

Laser systems based on thulium doped silica fibers have thekeyattractivenessduetoitsoperationintheeyesaferegion,wheretheopticalabsorptionbyaqueousportionintheeyepreventsretinaldamage.Researchworksinthisfieldhavegotmuchattentioninthepastfew years because of the availability of thulium doped in silica fibers. These fibers have a very broad emission in the wavelength range 1.7 to 2.1 µm and it has versatile applications in the area of medicine, material process-ing, sensing and communication.

In this poster, we present a tunable fiber ring laser where the gain medium is thulium doped silica fiber. Among the different possible pumping mechanisms, pumping at 790 nm is very effective because of the “twoforone’’crossrelaxationmechanismassociatedwith it. Diode lasers at these wavelengths are read-ilyavailableandwepumpourthulium-dopedsystemwith the same. The gain medium used is double clad fiber, which permits the system to be pumped with high brightness pump diodes. With 2 m of gain medium and using a 50/50 coupler in the ring cavity, we achieved las-ing at 2020 nm with a slope efficiency of 32.2 %. A laser system can be tuned by changing the intra cavity loss orreflectivityofthecavity.Weuseda90/10couplertogive90%feedbacktothecavityandthelasingwave-length shifted to 2047 nm. The same coupler is then usedtogive10%feedbacktothecavity,withwhichwegot the lasing at 1992 nm. We further model the laser systemusingappropriaterateequationsandconsider-ingcrossrelaxationmechanisms.Intheposter,wealsopresent the simulations results and a comparison of the samewiththeexperimentalresults.

P26 ■ NESTOR JR. BAREZA

Subluminal Speed of twisted light in free space

Lightislongknowntobeinvariantlyemanatingatthespeed limit c in free space. The constant c has been a fundamental constant governing modern physics es-peciallyinthefoundationofEinstein’sspecialrelativityandinderivationbyMaxwellofelectromagneticwaveformulation. This has been a basic assumption in vari-ous astronomical observations and light applications. However,physicallightbeamsnaturallyhavetransversestructuresthatalterthewavevectortoincludenon-axialcomponentsk_t.Thespeedoflightduringpropaga-tionreliesonitsgroupvelocityv_g.Thepresenceofk_tmakesthev_gofphysicallighttobelessthanthespeedlimit c. Thus, physical light propagates with subluminal speed even in free space. This has already been demon-strated to photons in both Bessel and Gaussian beams. In these beams, the delay is due to presence of radial wavevectork_rcomponent.Themotivationofthestudyistoobservetheeffectofazimuthalwavevectork_atov_greduction.Thepresenceofk_ainducesorbitalangularmomentum(OAM)tolight.OAM-carryinglighthashelicalwavefrontsuchthattheenergyflowfollowahelicalpath-twistedlight.Thetwistedlighttravelsanadded distance, causing time delay in the propagation. OAMoflightisreportedheretosignificantlycontributetov_gdelay.Inthisstudy,thev_gofLaguerre-Gauss(LG)beam,acommonOAM-carryingbeam,iscalculat-edintheparaxialregime.ThedelayforLGbeamisduetoanaddedpaththatoriginatedfrombothk_randk_a.Thev_gofLGbeaminparaxialregimeiscalculatedtobeinverselyproportionaltobeam’sdivergence,orbitalorder l and radial order p. This implies that LG beam has subluminal speed and dispersion during propaga-tioneveninfreespace.Itisalsoremarkedherethatthedelay is directly related to the order of the beam, 2p+|l|. LG beams of different orders will disperse even in free space, and that beams of higher orders travel relatively slowerthanbeamsoflowerorders.Thisfree-spacespeed variance is an added effect to the dispersion due to field confinement. Degenerate modes of LG beams with same orders but different (l, p) combinations are found to propagate with the same speed. These find-ingssuggestnecessarycorrectionsinLGbeam’spracti-caluses,especiallyinitsfar-travel-rangeapplications

25


Abstracts

such as data transmission in free space and data treat-ment from astronomical sources. The study also conse-quentlyimpliesthateveninvacuum,asidefromthefactthat light travels less than c, we can control its speed by endowingitwithcertainOAMvalue.Thisstudyissig-nificantly important both in revisiting the fundamental natureoflightpropagationandinextensiveapplicationsof light with orbital angular momentum.

P27 ■ TSZ KWAN LAI

Time-stretch imaging flow cytometry on Phytoplankton

Opticaltime-stretchimagingcancapturesingle-cellimages with high sensitivity (i.e. high resolution) and throughput(>MHzlinescanrate),leadingtoaprofoundimpact in biomedical (e.g. rare cancer cell detection) research fields. The potential in marine research, how-ever,hasnotbeenfullyexplored.Phytoplankton,asthebuildingblocksofaquaticecosystemandremarkableindicatorsofaquaticsystemquality,iscurrentlyinves-tigated solely by manual inspection. Contrarily, optical time-stretchimagingcouldclassifyamultitudeofpopu-lationofphytoplanktonwithsingle-cellprofilingwithinhours.Wereportanautomatedmulti-classclassificationofphytoplanktonbyimplementingsupportvectorma-chinelearningbasedontheextractedfeaturesofhigh-resolutiontime-stretchimages,classifyingmorethan10speciesofphytoplanktonwithcross-validatedaccuracyof>90%.Weassertthiscanprovideanefficientandeffectiveaquaticcontinuousmonitoringtoolwithsingle-cell analysis capability.

P28 ■ INBARASAN MUNIRAJ

Low Photon Count 3D Imaging: Integral Imaging, Holography, and Ptychography

Over the past two decades, the rising availability of inexpensive,accuratedigitalcamerasfacilitatedthestudy of digital holography. We note that conventional approachesworkswellonhigh-levelilluminationscenesorontheirradianceobjects.Inpractice,low-lightlevelimagingarelikelihood.Suchtheimagesequencesare,in general, binary in nature that tells us either the pres-enceortheabsenceoflightparticles.Nevertheless,ithas a potential applications in broader spectrum. We investigated the applications of low light imaging and examineditonconventionalapproaches.

1) We presented a method of securing multispectral 3Dphoton-countedintegralimagingusingclassicalHartleyTransformbasedencryptionbyemployingoptical interferometry.

2) Recently,wedevelopedlowphotonsbasedin-linedigitalhologramfortheapplicationofquadraticphase cryptography.

3) We are developing a Ptychography based imaging model using modified phase retrieval algorithms.

P29 ■ WENBIN HE

High-harmonic Mode-locked Fiber Laser Based on Optoacoustic Interactions in PCF

Photonicscrystalfibers(PCF)withµm-solid-coreandlargeair-fillingratioprovidesaplatformforenhancedoptoacoustic interaction with acoustic resonance in GHzrangeanditcanbeutilizedtoachievestableGHzhigh-harmonicpassivemode-lockinginfiberlaser,which is conventionally regarded as an unstable and undesired behavior. By inserting a short piece of such PCFinthemode-lockedcavity,aself-organizedtransi-tioncouldoccurandasteadystatewithalong-rangepulse-to-pulseinteractioncanbereached,inwhichthepulse train coherently drives an acoustic wave in PCF through electrostriction and the acoustic wave, as an backaction,phase-modulatesthepulse,andtogetherwith cavity dispersion, forms a trapping potential for eachpulse’sposition,leadingtoequalpulsespac-ingsandhighlysuppressedtiming-jitter.Basedonthistechnique,wefirstdemonstratedastableGHzmode-lockedsolitonall-fiberring-laser.Thelaserfeatureshighrobustnesswithaninvariantharmonicorder(>100)regardless of the wideband wavelength tuning, power scaling and cavity length tuning. We recently introduced thestretched-pulselaserschemetothishigh-harmonicmode-lockedlaser,withmodificationsofintracavityself-consistencyschemetoadaptthelowpulseenergy.WeachievedGHz,sub-100fspulsegenerationwithhighstability,lownoiseandsimpleconfiguration.Moreover,since the pulse train can interact with the acoustic wave in PCF so strongly that a certain degree of intracavity pulsedrop-offwouldnotaffectthelaserstability.Thiscan be regarded as an optomechanically bound states. We have successfully controlled such states, i.e., the pulsedrop-offpattern,viaanexternaladdressingpulse

26


Abstracts

train, and stored such pattern, with bit information as-signment, for hundreds of hours, leading to potential applicationinall-opticalbit-storage.

P30 ■ VICENTIU IANCU

XUV attosecond pulses implemented for high resolution imagery

Post-compressionofhighenergypulseswasperformedbyionizationlowpressureHe,inaguidedgeometry.ATWCPAbasedTi:Sapphirelaserchaindeliveringhigh-peakpulsesof150mJand35fspulseduration(FWHM)around800nmatarepetitionrateof10Hz,wasutilizedfor high harmonic generation in a loose focusing geom-etryinArandKr.TheXUVbeamwascharacterizedbothspatiallyandspectrallyonasingleshotbasis.Theinflu-enceoftheirisdiameterandthegas-filledcellpressureontheXUVfluxwerealsoinvestigated.Underoptimumconditions, a 1.6∙10^8 photons/pulse was determined.

P31 ■ RAFAEL SIBILO

Multifunctional surfaces for optical devices

Previousexperimentalentheoreticalworkhasshownthatfunctionalizedsurfacesthatsimultaneouslyexhibithydrophobic and oleophilic properties are more ef-ficient in deactivating enveloped viruses compared to non-functionalizedones.(1) Based on these findings cur-rentworkisfocussingonunderstandingandelucidat-ing the molecular and biophysical mechanisms through whichbacteriainteractwithsurfaces.Theaimistoworktowards developing antimicrobial, durable and opti-cally transparent surfaces that could find applications insettingswithahighoccurrenceofmicro-organismssuchasinhospitalsandpublicmulti-userselectronicdeviceswheretransmissionandspreadingofmicro-organisms could be reduced by these functionalized surfaces. These surfaces could be chemically treated and/or nanostructured. In addition to a computational approach,real-timefluorescencemicroscopywillbeoneof the important characterization tools to study bacteria interacting with the functionalized surfaces.

(1)ACSAppl.Mater.Interfaces2016,8,15058

P32 ■ WILFRID INNOCENT NDEBEKA

Investigation of charge transfer in silicon/silicon dioxide interface of silicon membranes

Silicon (Si) based materials have been of technological importance throughout the years and today Si continues to be a leading material in microelectronics and photon-icsindustries.TheinterfacebetweenSianditsoxide,namelysilicon/silicondioxide(Si/SiO2),hasbeenoneof the most studied systems in the realms of material and condensed matter physics. The optical properties, both linear and nonlinear, of the interface region are of interest. Some of the nonlinear optical phenomena may occur simultaneously and it can be difficult to discrimi-natebetweenforinstancecoherenttwo-photonabsorp-tion (TPA) and free carrier absorption (FCA). The electric fieldinducedsecondharmonic(EFISH)generationprocessisusedasavaluabletechniquetoinvestigatethe mechanisms of charge transfer, trap generation and population at the interfaces through nonlinear absorp-tion.Thesecondharmonic(SH)responseisdependenton the interfacial electric field formed by both electrons and holes being pumped across the interface. In this work,Simembranesareirradiatedwithafemtosecond(fs) laser light at an angle of 45o. A geometry of the experimentalsetupwaschosentoenablesimultane-ousmeasurementsofthefundamentalandSHsignalsintransmissionandinreflection.Resultsobtainedshowthat,whilelaserbeaminreflectionfromaSimembranedisplays a nearly perfect linear dependence on the incidentlaserpower,bothlaserbeamandSHsignalsin transmission show an increase with increased power, thenreachamaximum,andcontinuetodecreaseconsiderablyastheincidentpowerisincreased.Theex-perimental setup is presented and the results obtained will be discussed.

P33 ■ AMY TONG

Multilayer Thulium-Doped Tantalum Pentoxide Ring and Racetrack Laser Technology

Tantalumpentoxide(Ta2O5)isahigh-permittivitysiliconprocess compatible dielectric material ideal for optical waveguidedevices.Itshighindexcontrastallowsef-ficient and compact devices to be achieved. Full inte-grationofcircuitfunctionswillrequireanon-chiplaserasoneofthekeybuildingblocks,andringorracetrackresonators coupled to conventional dielectric or silicon

27


Abstracts

waveguides are under investigation. Through doping theringwithrare-earthionsuchasthulium,gaincanbe achieved resulting in lasing. Thulium doping would enable operating wavelengths ranging from 1.9 to 2.1 µm, compatible with silicon photonics and suitable for extendedwavelengthtelecommunications.Thedesignofamultilayerthulium-dopedtantalumpentoxideringorracetrackresonatorlaser,compatiblewithsiliconphotonics, is discussed.

P34 ■ SAMUEL FELIPE SERNA-OTALVARO

Bi-directional top hat D-scan: a third order nonlinear waveguide characterization method

TheeffectiveKerrandtwophotonabsorption(TPA)nonlinear parameters of a silicon strip waveguide are characterized by means of a single beam nondestructive technique.First,irrespectiveoftheinjectionandcollec-tion losses (in and out) of the guide, we demonstrate the measurement of the nonlinear third order figure ofmeritFOM_TPA=γ/(2πγ_TPA),withγ=k_0S^2n_2/A_NLandγ_TPA=S^2β_TPA/A_NLtheeffectiveKerrandTPAparametersthatdependonn_2andβ_TPA,thenonlinearrefractiveindexandtheTPAcoef-ficient, and the nonlinear effective area of the guided modeA_NL.Theexpressionstakeintoaccountthenonlinear enhancement due to localization effects and quantifiedastheratiobetweenthegroupindexandthebulkmaterialindexS=n_g^wg/n_0.Bymeasuringthebi-directionalnonlineartransmission,thecouplingcoef-ficient values of each facet and the γ_TPAparameterareevaluatedexperimentally.Wedescribeinfurtherdetailtheexperimentalset-upandprocedurewhichusesspectrallyquasi-rectangularpulses,beingtheanalogousinthetemporaldomainofthetop-hatZ-scan,andisapplicable to other waveguide geometries, materials or hybrid cases.

P35 ■ ASMITA SINGH

Investigating the excited electronic states of carotenoids in the main plant light-harvesting complex (LHCII) via femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy

The natural photosynthetic apparatus of plants contains complexmembrane-boundpigment-proteinnetworks.Inthemainplantlight-harvestingcomplex,LHCII,thechlorophyll (Chl) and carotenoid (Car) pigments capture

solarphotonsandtransfertheexcitationenergyonultrafast timescales to a reaction center where a charge separationisinduced.Plantsareself-protectedagainstover-illuminationbytheprocessofnon-photochemicalquenching(NPQ).Westudiedtheexcited-statedy-namicsofLHCIICarsinspinachleavesuponintensity-dependent,selectiveCarexcitationat489and506nm,usingfemtosecondtransientabsorptionpump-probespectroscopy. Global Analysis was applied to obtain the transfer rates and decay lifetimes of various tran-siently induced photoproducts. The dependence of thekineticsonthepumpwavelengthandintensity,andpossiblelinktotheCars’involvementwithNPQwillbediscussed.

P36 ■ JULIANA RICHTER

Near Infrared Laser Spectrometer

Thenear-infraredspectrometerismodeledfromaCzerny-Turnerdesign.Lightiscoupledintothesystemusing a fiber optic and data collection is conducted using an Arduino through USB cable. The design is free of lenses to limit system error due to dispersion and ab-sorption. A linear grating is mounted on a rotation stage tospreadandselectfrequenciesforanalysis.Lightfromthe 1st diffraction order is incident on a collimating mir-ror. The portion of the beam under analysis is selected using a pinhole in front of the detector.

P37 ■ MARIIA BOROVKOVA

Measurement of Water Concentration in Biological Samples by Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy

The noninvasive measurement of water concentration in biological samples using terahertz waves is a promising tool in bio and medical applications. Due to the strong waterattenuationofTHzradiation,adevicebasedontheterahertztime-domain-spectroscopy(THzTDS)would be a noninvasive, sensitive and precise sensor of waterconcentration.Methodsforwaterlevelmeasure-mentinleavesusingTHzradiationintransmissionmodehavebeenreported.Inordertoexaminethickerbiologi-calobjects,thereflectiongeometryshouldbeapplied. The project is devoted to the development and testing themethodsfornon-invasivemeasurementofwaterstatusinbiologicalsamplesbyTHzTDSbothintrans-missionandreflectionmodes.Aseriesofexperiments

28


Abstracts

using different biological samples demonstrated good correlation of water concentrations values calculated by THZTDSmethodsandthedatameasuredgravimetri-cally.

P38 ■ ANDREW MALOUF

Optimisation of 3.5 µm dual-wavelength pumped fiber lasers

Theperformanceofmid-infraredEr3+-dopedfiberlasers has improved dramatically in the last few years. We present a numerical model that provides valuable insightintothedynamicsofadual-wavelengthpumped(DWP)Er3+-dopedfiberlaser.Thissystemoperatesatthe3.5µmaswellasthemorecommonlyknown2.8µmtransition in erbium.

A numerical model is essential to test our understanding of the laser system and to provide valuable insight into the interactions that occur at the atomic and photonic level that ultimately determine laser performance. The significance of competing processes may be analyzed to determine optimum fiber specifications and system de-sign. A successful model is, therefore, a much needed tool for optimizing the performance of DWP fiber lasers.

LaserdynamicsofDWPEr3+-dopedfiberlasersystemsare presented. These include the evolution of atomic populations and laser intracavity power in the time domain, steady state atomic populations as functions of second pump power, and competing rates of transitions that affect laser performance. Comparisons between simulatedandexperimentallymeasuredlaseroutputpowers are presented for three different systems pub-lished in literature showing good agreement. Finally, we demonstrateanexampleofanoptimizationtechniquebyoptimizingthelengthofthefiberformaximumlaseroutput power. We can also optimize parameters such as core radius, doping concentration, and output coupler reflectivityforcustomizedfiberdesign.

P39 ■ HUZIFA ELNOUR

Ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopic investigations of the energy transfer dynamics in the main light- harvesting complex of plants and diatoms

Thephotosyntheticlight-harvestingapparatusofplantsand diatoms switches between a highly efficient light capturing state and a state where the absorbed energy is thermally dissipated, depending on the incident light intensity,throughaprocessknownasnon-photochemi-calquenching(NPQ).TherapidlyreversiblecomponentofNPQisknownasqE.Thelight-harvestingcomplexes(LHCs)oftheseorganismscontainprotein-boundchlorophylls (Chls) and carotenoids (Cars) that capture andtransferexcitationenergy.Dependingonthepig-ments’orientation,electronicexcitationmaybesharedamongsttightlypackedpigmentswithinLHCs,result-ingincoherentsuperpositionsofelectronicexcitations,calledexcitonstates.Energyispassedonanultrafasttimescaleamongstexcitonstatestoamolecularreac-tioncentre,whereapairofChlsbecomeexcitedandthe process of charge separation is initiated. We used ultrafastpump-probespectroscopytoinvestigatetheqE-relatedexcited-statedynamicsofwild-typeandmu-tantLHCIIfromArabidopsisthalianaandspinachleaves,aswellasFCPbextractedfromCyclotellameneghinianadiatoms.MeasuringtheLHCII-NPQ2mutant,whichconsistsofLHCIIdepletedwiththeCarneoxanthin,atdifferent pump wavelengths (488 nm, 510 nm, and 520 nm)forselectiveCarexcitation,wehavefoundthatbothneoxanthinandzeaxanthinplayanintegralroleinthemechanismsunderlyingqE.Wewillalsodiscussthetransientdynamicsresolvedfromintensity-dependent,selectiveCarexcitation.ForFCPbweexaminedtheexcitationenergytransferdynamicsuponexcitationofChlaat680nmandstudiedtheroleofsinglet-singletannihilation using different pump intensities. In particu-lar,qE-relatedexcited-statedynamicswereinvestigatedusingFCPbcomplexesinthreedifferentenvironments,viz.,insolution(sFCPb),aggregated(qFCPb),andin-corporated in proteoliposomes (plFCPb). We observed long-livedChlabsorptionnear710nmforqFCPbandplFCbP,whichmaybeexplainedbymoresignificantenergy trapping.

29


Abstracts

P40 ■ SIDIKI ZONGO

Biosynthesis, Characterization and Nonlinear absorption Optical absorption of Cu(OH)2- Nanoparticles/nanorods-like

ThepresentworkreportsthecharacterizationandnonlinearopticalpropertiesofCopperhydroxidenanorods-like(Cu(OH)2-NRs)andnanoparticles(NPs).Cu(OH)2-NRsandCuO-NPswerebiosynthesizedfromcoppersulphateusingsaffronextractinpropanolandmethanol,respectively.X-raydiffraction(XRD),Fouriertransforminfraredspectroscopy(FTIR),HighResolution-Transmissionelectronmicroscopy(HR-TEM)andScan-ningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)wereinitiallyusedtocharacterizethesynthesizednanorods-like/nanopar-ticles. The morphological analysis showed the formation of uniform nanorods decorated spherical nanoparticles inpropanol-dyeextractandtypicalsphericalNPsrang-ingfrom10to27nminthemethanol-dyeextract.Thestructure and crystalline nature was confirmed by the nanopowderX-raydiffractionpatterns.Thenonlinearopticalstudyusingafemtosecondlaserrevealedtwo-photon absorption behavior, interesting for possible optical limiting devices application.

P41 ■ RA’ED MALALLAH

Investigating non-linear distortion in the photopolymer materials

There are lot of applications of photopolymer materi-alsforexamplehologramdatastorageandself-writtenwaveguide(SWWs).Recently,wepresentedamodeltocalculate the absorption and polymerization efficiencies usingthe3DNonlocalPhotopolymerizationDrivenDif-fusion(NPDD)model.Wenotethatinnonlinearmateri-als, significant light beam absorption occurs (that leads to strong beam attenuation) due to the presence of concentricdyeandthephysicalthicknessoftherecord-inglayer.Thisalsoproducesspatialandtemporalnon-linear behaviours of the photophysical and photochemi-cal material. We also investigated the applications of self-trappingandself-writtenwaveguideduringpho-topolymarization process. We validated our proposed predictionsboththeoreticallyaswellasexperimentally.

P42 ■ VASILIY VOROPAEV

Ultrashort-pulse fiber lasers for frequency metrology

Ultrashort-pulselasersbecomeanimportanttoolintheemergingfieldofopticalfrequencymetrologyandareenabling unprecedented measurement capabilities and new applications in a wide range of fields, including precisionspectroscopy,atomicclocks,ultracoldgases,and molecular fingerprinting.

Twoerbium-dopedall-fiberringlasershybridlymode-lockedwithBoronNitride-dopedSingle-WalledCarbonNanotubesintheco-actionwithanonlinearpolariza-tion evolution have been investigated. The main differ-ence of this lasers is the intracavity dispersion value. In one of this lasers, generation of solitons and stretched pulses have been obtained. In other laser, similariton (self-similarpulses)havebeengenerated.Theselasersare highly promising for further development of the stabilized combs. For further comb stabilization, pump modulationofcommercialfibermode-lockedlaserhasbeen studied.

P43 ■ TORREY HAYDEN

Large Amplitude Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy for Sensitive Measurements of Broad Absorbers

We demonstrate the first wavelength modulation spec-troscopyofgasesat>30atm.WavelengthModulationSpectroscopy(WMS)isatechniqueinwhichonerapidlytunes the wavelength of a laser across an absorption featureofaspeciesofinterest,generatingabsorption-inducedharmonicsignalsathighfrequenciesabovesystemnoiselevels.CouplingthistechniquewithafartuningMEMslaserenablessensitivemeasurementofspecies with broadband absorption features,such as high-pressuregasesandlargemolecules,forthefirsttime.

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Abstracts

P44 ■ ABHISHEK ANCHAL

Frequency-shift free Optical Phase Conjugation in nonlinear fiber

Wehavedevelopedamethodoffrequency-andpolar-izationshift-freeOPCusingcounter-propagatingdualpumpedFWMinfiber.Thetwocounter-propagatingpumps create a Bragg grating inside the fiber, which diffracts the forward propagating signal and generates abackwardpropagatingidlerwavewhosephaseiscon-jugateofsignalphase.Byplacingthepumpfrequenciessymmetricallyaboutsignalfrequency,weensurethattheidlerhasthesamefrequencyasthatofthesignal.Since the signal and idler waves appear at opposite ends, the idler is easily filtered out from the rest of the spectrum. Ideal phase conjugation is achieved at an optimum length of fiber for a given pump power. A detailed study of effect of critical design parameters such as nonlinear length, pump power, and detuning between pump and signal on conjugate efficiency and phase-offsethasbeencarriedout.

WeexaminedtheperformanceofOPCasMSSIelementfor mitigation of nonlinear effects in standard single mode transmission fiber. By numerical simulations, we demonstratenearcompletenon-linearitymitigationof40GbpsDQPSKmodulateddatatransmittedover1000kmstandardsinglemodefiberusingourproposedOPC.

P45 ■ LOÏC LAVENU

Nonlinear compression of fiber laser in Kagomé fiber

Wepresentthegenerationofsub-50fsand50µJpulsesfromahighenergy,300fs,1030nmYb-dopedfi-beramplifierusingnonlinearcompressionina1m-longair-filledhypocycloid-coreKagomefiber.Theproper-tiesofthisfiberallowanincreaseoftheself-focusingthreshold by maintaining the light outside of the glass structure.Theyalsopermitthegenerationofsub-10fspulses owing to the large guidance spectral bandwidth of hundreds of nanometers. A compression factor of 10 is demonstrated, with a fiber transmission of up to 70%. Wealsoinvestigatetheuseofhollow-corecapillariesforenergy scaling of these nonlinear compression setups. Thesearchitecturesprovideexcellentsolutionsforef-ficient high harmonic generation with high repetition rate sources.

P46 ■ ANDRE LUIZ MARQUES MUNIZ

Ultra-broadband Photonics-based RF Front-End Towards 5G Networks

We propose the concept and report the development ofanultra-broadbandphotonics-basedRFfront-end,aswellasitsexperimentaldigitalperformanceanalysisupto38GHz.TheproposedRFfront-endappliesopticalfrequencymultiplicationbasedonexternalmodulationtechniqueandtheopticalnonlineareffectfour-wavemixingforenablingacombinationofphotonic-assistedRFupconversionandamplification,withoutrequir-ing any hardware modifications. We present, for the firsttimeinliterature,ultra-broadbandoperationandfrequencytunabilityfromDCto38GHzbysimultane-ouslyperformingRFconversionandamplificationintheopticaldomain.Experimentalresultsofasuccess-fullyimplementationinarealwireless-opticalnetworkdemonstratetheRFfrontendapplicabilityinthethreepotentialfrequencybandsfor5Gnetworks,namely:6.0,28and38GHz.Furthermore,adetaileddigitalperfor-mance investigation using different modulation formats ispresentedbasedondiverseRFandopticalparam-eters,includingsignal-to-noiseratio,RFgainanderrorvector magnitude. Low phase noise, spectral purity and distortionabsencearealsoobservedforallfrequencybands.

P47 ■ RAMIRO CONTRERAS MARTINEZ

Spectral interferometry technique for determining the mínimum resolution of a Czerny-Turner spectrometer.

Weproposethedesignofanewtechniqueformeasur-ingthespectralresolutionofaCzerny-TurnerSpectrom-eter based on spectral interferometry of ultrashort laser pulses.Itiswellknownthatultrashortpulsemeasure-mentlikeSPIDERandTADPOLEtechniquesrequiresaprecise and well characterized spectrum, especially in fringeresolution.Wedevelopedanewtechnique,inwhich by measuring the nominal fringe spacing of a in-terferogram one can characterize the minimum spectral resolutioninaCzerny-Turne.ThistechniquewastestedinacommercialCzerny-Turnerspectrometer.Theresultsdemonstrate a consistent spectral resolution between what was reported by the manufacturer. The actual cali-brationtechniquewasappliedinahomemadebroad-

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Abstracts

bandastigmatism-freeCzerny-Turnerspectrometer.Theoryandexperimentalresultsarepresented.

P48 ■ KÉVIN GENEVRIER

Polarization and crystal-orientation dependency of thermal effects in cryogenically cooled Yb:CaF2

Westudiedthepolarizationandcrystal-cutdependencyonthermaleffectsincryogenicallycooledlaserbulkcrystalYb:CaF2underhighpowerpumping.Wewereinteresting in observing any anisotropy or rupture of symmetry versus polarization and versus different crys-tal cuts. We then monitored the polarization patterns and thermal wavefront distortions for two crystal cuts [110]and[111].Besideasimilarexperimentalsetupforboth crystals, we saw strong different behaviors versus polarizationbetweenthem.AsexpectedforCaF2,the[111]cutisveryclosetotheoptimalcutwhichreducesthermal,buttheclassical“Maltecross”wasonlyob-servedforthe[110]cut.Moreoverweobservedastrongastigmatic thermal lens depending on the polarization forthe[110]cutwhereas[111]cutdidnotdemonstratedany anisotropy. These ruptures of symmetry are impor-tant in the purpose of developing high power amplifiers withYb:CaF2sincetheydivergefromtheidealisotropyoffluorite.

P49 ■ SIMAS SOBUTAS

Control of thermal effects in high harmonics generator of solid-state femtosecond laser

Whilegeneratinghighpeakintensityultrashortpulsesintheultraviolet(UV)spectralrangelinearandnon-linear(two-photon–TPA)absorptionscouldbecomesignificant in transmitting optical components (lenses, beamsplitters, etc.). TPA also occurs in nonlinear crystals suchasbetabariumborate(beta-BaB2O4,BBO),whichareusedinconversionofradiationfrequency,result-ingindecreaseofconversionefficiencytoUVspectralrange radiation. The crystal absorbs some of generated UVradiationwhereittransformsintoheat–causinganincrease of crystal temperature and a change of phase matching angle.

Thethermaleffectsprolongthewarm-uptimeofthehighharmonicsgenerator(UVradiation).Inordertoreducetheinfluenceoftheseeffects,itisimportant

to compensate the change of phase matching angle of nonlinear crystal. The crystal tilt angle is alternated using the motorized rotation stage which trajectory is basedonthetime-dependentfunction.

Toexploreanddiscussthethermaleffectsonphasematching angle a system generating high average powerfemtosecondlaserpulsesofUVspectralrangewasdesigned.Asumoftwoexponentialfunctionswasused to define the temperature change of the crys-tal when cooling. This allowed the calculations of the crystalcoolingconstants.Thesamepairofexponentialfunctions, using cooling constants, was applied to the motorized control of nonlinear crystal angle. The result is the finding of the optimal motion trajectory which in turncompensatestheinfluenceofthermaleffectsandreducesthewarm-uptimeofhighharmonicsgenerator. The method demonstrates a significant reduction in thewarm-uptimeofthefourth(257.5nm)andthefifth(206 nm) harmonics from 25 s to 5 s and from 30 s to 7 srespectivelywithoutexperiencinganypowerloss.Thefindings show that this method can be applied to the highharmonicsgeneratorofsolid-statefemtosecondlaser. This laser system could be used in applications, such as ophthalmic surgery, where the speed of the laser-assistedmicrofabricationofmaterialsisofveryhigh importance.

Though the findings are promising, the method remains open for further development and improvement.

P50 ■ TAO CAO

Measuring Carrier-Envelope Offset Frequency with Resonant Dispersive Waves

Thecarrier-envelopephase(CEP)stabilizedpulsetraingeneratedbymode-lockedlasershasabroadspec-trum,wheremillionsoraboutamillionofcomb-likespectralpeaksatfixedfrequenciesspaceequallyattheintervaloftherepetitionrate[,].Spectralikethisarecalledopticalfrequencycombs,whichhavehadasignificantimpactonhigh-precisionopticalfrequencymetrology,opticalclocks,low-phase-noisemicrowavegenerations and many other fields.

ToobtainaCEPstabilizedpulsetrain,itisnecessarytostabilizethecarrier-envelopeoffset(CEO)frequency,which derives from the difference between the group velocity and the phase velocity of the oscillating pulses

32


Abstracts

inthecavity.Usually,theso-calledf-to-2ftechniqueisusedtomeasuretheCEOfrequencyandtorealizethefeedbackcontrol.Typically,inthistechnique,ahigher-frequencycomponentofanoctave-spanningsuper-continuum is used to beat with the second harmonic inducedbythecorrespondinglower-frequencycompo-nent,andtheradio-frequencybeatingsignalindicatestheCEOfrequency[1-].Obviously,thismethodhaslowenergyefficiency,becausethemedium-frequencycomponent, containing the majority of the supercontin-uum’senergy,isnotwantedinthismethod.Besides,thespectral envelop of supercontinuum combs is sensitive to the power and the duration of pump pulses. Once thef-to-2fsetupisdetermined,changingtheoutputpowerorthechirpofthemode-lockedlaserwillleadtochanges of the supercontinuum spectral envelope, and thus degrade the beating signal. That is to say, the out-putlaserpropertiesandthef-to-2fmeasurementcan’tbe optimized simultaneously.

Inthiswork,wetrytosolvetheseproblemswithreso-nantdispersivewaves(RDWs),alsonamedasCherenkovradiation emitted by optical solitons. When an ultrashort pulse propagates in a fiber with specific nonlinearity and dispersion characteristics, it evolves into a fundamental soliton,orbreaksupintoseveralfundamentalsolitonsduetoperturbationsofthehigh-orderdispersion.Dur-ingtheformationofthefundamentalsolitons,excessenergyisshedtothephase-matchedlineardispersivewaves,namelyRDWs,besidesofintra-pulseRamanscatterings[,].Theseprocessescanbedescribedbythewell-knowngeneralizednonlinearSchrӧdingerequa-tion(GNSE).

Inourmethod,theoutputpulsetrainisfrequencydoubled by an LBO crystal. The remaining fundamental lightiscoupledintoaKagomephotoniccrystalfibertogenerateRDWs,andtheRDWsareusedtobeatwiththe second harmonic generated by the LBO crystal to obtaintheCEOfrequency[].Apparently,thebettertheRDWsspectrumoverlapswiththesecondharmonicspectrum, the higher the energy efficiency will be. This means the wavelength, the bandwidth and the inten-sityoftheRDWsshouldbematchedwiththesecondharmonic.

There are several methods to reach a better matching. First,thewavelengthoftheRDWscanbetunedtotheappropriate value by coupling the fundamental light

intotheappropriatePCFmicrostructure[].Second,thebandwidth and the intensity of the second harmonic canbeoptimizedbyoptimizingthephase-matchingangleandthephase-matchingbandwidthoftheLBOcrystal.Third,theefficiencyoftheRDWsgenerationcan be improved by a better coupling efficiency. In our experiment,weobtainthebeatingsignalwithafinesignal-to-noiseratioeventhoughtheRDWsspectrumisnot matched with the second harmonic spectrum strictly [6].ThisresultconfirmsthefeasibilityforRDWstobeusedforf-to-2fmeasuring,anditimpliesamuchhigherenergy efficiency can be achieved by a better matching betweentheRDWsspectrumandthesecondharmonicspectrum.

AnotherimportantadvantageofRDWsisthefrequencystabilities against to changes of the pump power and the pulse duration, which means the beating signal won’tbedegradedeventhoughtheoutputpowerandthepulsedurationarechangedinthef-to-2fmea-surementbasedonRDWs.TounderstandthegoodfrequencystabilitiesofRDWs,itisnecessarytonoticethatthefrequenciesofRDWsaresolelydeterminedbythephase-matchingconditions,whichareinsensitiveto changes of the pump power and the pulse duration. Infact,ourexperimentalresultshaveshownthatthefrequenciesoftheRDWsstayedalmostunchangedeventhoughthesingle-shotpumpenergychangedfrom0.79nJto1.84nJwiththepumppulsedurationfixed,orthepump pulse duration changed from 20 fs (negatively chirped) to 153 fs (positively chirped) with the pump powerfixed,whichconfirmsthegoodfrequencystabili-tiesofRDWs.

P51 ■ DANIEL MORRIS

Research and development of thulium-doped fibre lasers

Twofree-spacecoupledthulium-dopedfibrelasers(TDFL) were developed and characterised: a CW laser andaQ-switchedpolarisedlaser.TheCWlaserwaspumpedbyasingle,793nmlaserdiode.Themaximumpower achieved by the laser was 66 W corresponding to a slope efficiency of 54 % with respect to the launched pump power. The free running output wavelength was determinedtobe2017nm.ThemeasuredM2valuefortheun-splicedTm-dopedfibrewas<1.05.Aftertheaddition of spliced passive fibres to the doped fibre, the

33


Abstracts

beamqualitydegradedto<1.85duetointroductionofcladding modes at the splice joints. We found the con-tinuous wave (CW) output had a slight (< 10%) modula-tion.Thefrequencyofthemodulationcorrespondedto the round trip cavity time of the TDFL. The pulsed outputoftheQ-switchedlaserhadpeakpowersof~1kWatpulserepetitionfrequencies(PRF’s)rangingfrom25-85kHz.Thesepeakpowerscorrespondedtopulselengthof~208ns.Weachievedamaximumaveragepower of 30 W when bidirectionally pumping the doped fibrewith~69WofpumppowerataPRFof100kHz.Theslopeefficiencycorrespondingtothemaximumoutputpowerwas~49%.

P52 ■ MICHAEL GARDNER

Towards Early Retinal Detection of Alzheimer’s Disease Using Scattering-Angle Resolved Optical Coherence Tomography

AnAlzheimer’sdisease(AD)patient,priortoherdeath,willexperiencedramaticmemorylossandtheprogres-sive demise of other cognitive and physical facilities. RecentstudiesshowanADdevelopmentpathwayinvolving early synaptic failure and abnormal mitochon-drialdynamicsinthecentralnervoussystem-beforethe onset of the conventional clinical symptoms and histopathologicalhallmarksofAD.Theeye,asa“win-dow into the brain,” is an ideal location to monitor morphological changes associated with failed synapses. Anewscattering-angleresolvedopticalcoherencetomography(SAR-OCT)designformurineretinalimag-ing will be used to monitor changes in the retinas of transgenic mice that will develop AD symptoms over thecourseofoneyear.Withthiseffort,newbiomarkerswill be uncovered for early detection of AD, enabling future researchers to monitor the efficacy of prospective ADdrugsandultimatelyextendthelivesofADpatientswith the option of earlier treatment.

P53 ■ CARLOS ALBERTO QUINTERO

Analysis of the Effects of Periodic Forcing in the Spike Rate and Spike Correlation’s in Semiconductor Lasers with Optical Feedback

We study the dynamics of semiconductor lasers with opticalfeedbackanddirectcurrentmodulation,operat-ingintheregimeoflowfrequencyfluctuations(LFFs).IntheLFFregimethelaserintensitydisplaysabruptspikes:the intensity drops to zero and then gradually recovers. Wefocusontheinter-spike-intervals(ISIs)anduseamethodofsymbolictime-seriesanalysis,whichisbasedon computing the probabilities of symbolic patterns. We show that the variation of the probabilities of the symbolswiththemodulationfrequencyandwiththeintrinsicspikerateofthelaserallowstoidentifydifferentregimesofnoisylocking.SimulationsoftheLang-Ko-bayashimodelareingoodqualitativeagreementwithexperimentalobservations.

P54 ■ JAISMEEN KAUR

Leaky Optical Fiber based Refractive Index Sensor

Atheoreticalanalysisofalarge-mode-area(LMA),ef-fectivelysinglemodefiberdesignforrefractiveindexsensing is presented here. This sensing mechanism re-quiresverysmallamountofanalyteandisalsocapableofcontinuousmeasurements.EffectiveIndexofthedesign depends upon the analyte which forms the out-ermostlayer.Thus,theleakagelossandtransmittanceofthefibershowavariationwiththerefractiveindexof the analyte. This characteristic of the fiber has been exploitedtodesignarefractiveindexsensor.ToachieveaneffectivelysinglemodeLMAconfiguration,theparameters have been chosen such that only the LP01 modesurvivesandthehighermodeshaveextremelyhighleakagelosssuchthattheydonotinteractwiththeanalyte layer. The structure has been analysed using the transfermatrixmethod.Effectofdesignparametersonsensitivity of the proposed sensor has also been investi-gated.Resultsshowthatahighlysensitiveleakyopticalfiber based sensor can be designed using this structure.

*Reflectsabstractsreceivedby11July2016.

Attendees

34


A. SIVA [email protected]

ABHISHEK ANCHALIndianInstituteofTechnologyKanpur,[email protected]

DRAKE [email protected]

SHUNGO ARAKIChiba [email protected]

JUSTICE ARCHERInstitute of Physics of the Polish Academy of [email protected]

NIKOLAY BALAKLEYSKIYNationalResearchUniversityofElectronic

Technology(MIET)[email protected]

NESTOR JR. BAREZAUniversity of the Philippines [email protected]

DIPENKUMAR BAROTUniversityofAlabamainHuntsvilleUnited [email protected]

MARIIA BOROVKOVAUniversityofRochester;[email protected]

CATALINA ALICE BRANDUSUniversityofBucharest,Romania,NationalInstitutefor

[email protected]

OMAR CALDERÓN-LOSADAUniversidad de Los [email protected]

YITZI CALMBoston [email protected]

TAO CAOHuazhongUniversityofScience&[email protected]

DIANA NALLELY CASTÁN RICAÑOInstitutoNacionaldeAstrofísica,ÓpticayElectró[email protected]

MOHIT CHOUBEIndianInstituteofInformationTechnologyDesign&

ManufacturingJabalpur,[email protected]

MONIKA CHOUDHARYIndian Institute of Technology (IIT), [email protected]

LORENZO COLAIZZIUniversità[email protected]

RAMIRO CONTRERAS MARTINEZUniversidadNacionalAutónomadeMé[email protected]

35

Attendees


MITCHELL COXUniversity of the Witwatersrand, JohannesburgSouth [email protected]

KIMMY CUSHMANSUNYOneontaUnited [email protected]

HUZIFA ELNOURUniversity of PretoriaSouth [email protected]

MICHAEL [email protected]

ANKITA GAURIndianInstituteofTechnologyRoorkeeIndiaankitagaur.phy@gmail.com

JAMES GAYNORUniversity of [email protected]

KÉVIN GENEVRIERUniversité[email protected]

NAIRA GRIGORYANUniversity of [email protected]

DONATUS HALPAABUniversitat Politècnica de [email protected]

TORREY HAYDENUniversity of Colorado at BoulderUnited States of [email protected]

SUNIT HAZARIKATezpur [email protected]

WENBIN HEFriedrich-Alexander-UniversitätErlangen-Nü[email protected]

CATHERINE HENDRICKSTheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatCharlotteUSAhendrc08@gmail.com

CHRISTINE HOLZAMMERFriedrich-AlexanderUniverstiätErlangenNü[email protected]

ANDREW HUZORTEYUniversity of Cape [email protected]

VICENTIU IANCUUniversity of [email protected]

JOSE JARAMILLOPurdue [email protected]

YELENA KANLappeenranta Universityof [email protected]

NITESH [email protected]

JAISMEEN KAURIndian Institute of Technology (IIT), [email protected]

Attendees

36


SVYATOSLAV [email protected]

TOBIAS KLIMAFriedrich-Alexander-UniversityErlangen-NurembergGermanytobias.klima@fau.de

CARMEN MARÍA [email protected]

TSZ KWAN [email protected]

LOÏC LAVENUInstitutd’[email protected]

WEI [email protected]

JOÃO MAIAFaculty of Sciences of Porto [email protected]

RA’ED MALALLAHUniversity College [email protected]

ANDREW MALOUFUniversity of [email protected]

ZILIANG MAOUniversity of California [email protected]

LORIS MARINIThe University of [email protected]

ANDRE LUIZ MARQUES MUNIZNationalInstituteofTelecommunicationsBrazilandre.lmm91@gmail.com

XIANG [email protected]

EKATERINA [email protected]

DAVID [email protected]

DANIEL MORRISUniversity of the WitwatersrandSouth [email protected]

SHUKLA MUKESH KUMARNationalInstituteofScienceEducationandResearch

Bhubaneswar [email protected]

INBARASAN MUNIRAJUniversity College [email protected]

MEDYA FOUAD NAMIQ NAMIQUniversity of Southampton [email protected]

37

Attendees


WILFRID INNOCENT NDEBEKAStellenbosch UniversitySouth [email protected]

MITZI ODÓÑEZ PÉREZUniversidadNacionalAutónomadelaCiudadde

MéxicoMé[email protected]

ALEXANDER PARADZAHUniversity of PretoriaSouth [email protected]

RICCARDO PENNETTAMaxPlanckInstitutefortheScienceofLightGermanyriccardo.pennetta@mpl.mpg.de

DANIEL [email protected]

MARTÍN POBLETUniversity of Buenos [email protected]

ANJALI PSIndianInstituteofTechnologyMadras,[email protected]

CARLOS ALBERTO QUINTEROUniversitat Politècnica de [email protected]

CATALINA RAMÍREZ GUERRAUniversidadNacionalAutónomadeMé[email protected]

ITZEL REYNA-MORALESNationalAutonomousUniversityofMexico.Mexicoshxcx@hotmail.com

JULIANA RICHTERUniversity of [email protected]

FELIPE CEZAR SALGADOFederalUniversityofItajubá(UNIFEI)[email protected]

YUTA SASAKIUniversity of [email protected]

SAMUEL FELIPE SERNA-OTALVAROParis-Sud,[email protected]

KAVITA SHARMAIndian Institute of Technology, [email protected]

RAFAEL [email protected]

ASMITA SINGHUniversity of PretoriaSouth [email protected]

SIMAS [email protected]

Attendees

38


RUDRAKANT SOLLAPURFriedrich Schiller University [email protected]

AUGUSTINE STAVUniversity of California, Santa [email protected]

SIMON STEHLEFriedrich-Alexander-UniversityErlangen-NurembergGermanysimon.stehle@fau.de

ADAM [email protected]

HIN LONG [email protected]

JAN TARKAWroclaw University of Science and [email protected]

LARRY THERANUniversityofPuertoRicoMayaguezPuertoRicolarry.theran@upr.edu

MOHAMMAD TOLLABI MAZRAEHNOUniversity of [email protected]

AMY TONGUniversity of [email protected]

CRISTIAN ANDRES TRIANA INFANTEUniversidadNacionaldeColombiaColombiacatrianai@unal.edu.co

SANDHRA-MIRELLA VALDMAUniversity of [email protected]

VASILIY [email protected]

WENTING WANGCenterforFreeElectronLaserofScience/Chinese

Academy of SciencesGermany/[email protected]

HAMPUS WIKMARKLund [email protected]

STEFFEN WITTEKCREOL,[email protected]

SIDIKI ZONGOUniversity of South AfricaSouth [email protected]

39

About


ICFOThe institute of Photonic Sciences

ICFOisayoungresearchinstitutionthataimstoadvancetheverylimitsofknowledgeinPhotonics, namely the science and technology of harnessing Light. Light, especially laser light,isoneofthemajorenablingtechnologiescurrentlyavailabletohumankind.TheICFOresearchthruststargettheglobalforefrontofphotonics,andaimtotackleimportantchallengesfacedbysocietyatlarge.ICFOfocusesoncurrentandfutureproblemsinHealth,Energy,Information,Safety,SecurityandcaringfortheEnvironment.

ThemostvaluedassetsatICFOaretheMScandPhDstudentsandthepost-doctoralresearchers. They are bright, ambitious young women and men, with a talent for discovery and strong moral values, who aim to achieve difficult but important goals. Central to the ICFOmissionisthetrainingofthenextgenerationofscientistsandtechniciansthroughcourses,seminars,accesstocutting-edgeexperimentalinfrastructures,andmentoringbyresearchersthatareamongthebestintheworldintheirfield.Thistrainingaimstoequiptalentedstudentswithuniquecapabilitiesthathelpthembecomefutureleaders,eitherintheacademic or in the industrial world.

The2016SiegmanSchoolonLasersisasplendidexampleoftrainingatICFO.Abroadpalette of Laser Science topics presented by leading world renowned scientists, both academic and industrial, brought to you in a setting of intimate learning and discussion.

The OSA Foundation

Inkeepingwithitsmissiontopromotethegeneration,application,archivingandworldwidedisseminationofknowledgeinopticsandphotonics,TheOpticalSociety(OSA)establishedthe OSA Foundation in 2002 to carry out a wide range of charitable activities.

TheOSAFoundation isanon-profitorganizationthatreliesonthegenerousfinancialsupport of donors to help graduate students and early career professionals as they become active members of research, engineering and corporate communities around the globe. Foundation-sponsoredtravelgrants,prizes,scholarships,fellowshipsandprogramsarejust some of the ways donor contributions directly benefit these innovators and leaders of tomorrow. Enabledbyengagedcontributorslikeyou,theFoundationalsoworkstosecureOSAAwardsandHonorsProgramendowments.

AshasbeenthecasesincetheOSAFoundation’searliestdays,everydonationismatched100%byTheOpticalSociety’scontributionstothe OSAFoundation’s GeneralFund.OSA’scommitmenttotheFoundationanditsmatchingprogramallowseverygifttomaketwicetheimpact!

About

40


The Optical Society

TheOpticalSociety’s(OSA)missionistopromotethegeneration,applicationandarchivingofknowledgeinopticsandphotonicsandtodisseminatethisknowledgeworldwide.ThepurposesoftheSocietyarescientific,technicalandeducational.OSA’scommitmenttoexcellenceandlong-termlearningisthedrivingforcebehindallitsinitiatives.

Since1916,OSAhasbeentheworld’sleadingchampionforopticsandphotonics,unitingand educating scientists, engineers, educators, technicians and business leaders worldwide to foster and promote technical and professional development. Through publications, events and services, Optical Society is helping to advance the science of light by addressing the ongoingneedforsharedknowledgeandinnovation.

OSAwasfoundedexactly100yearsagoasTheOpticalSocietyofAmericaandhasevolvedinto a global enterprise serving a worldwide constituency. In recognition of its global reach andfocus,since2008theSocietyhasbeenknownasOSA-TheOpticalSociety.

Sponsors

41

Donors


The OSA FoundationwouldliketothankourcontributorsfortheirsupportoftheSiegmanInternationalSchoolonLasers.Theirgenerosityandvisionhasbuiltaglobalresourceforthenextgenerationofopticsand photonics innovators. (Donors as of 5 July 2016)

Co-Founder 2016 Host

Major Supporters

Silver Level CharlesandPatriciaBarker GaryandCarolynBjorklund JosephandHonMaiGoodman AlexanderA.Sawchuk The Smart Family Foundation UniversityScienceBooks

Bronze Level Coherent PaulL.Kelley The Siegman Family

Platinum Level Anonymous BurtandDeeDeeMcMurtry

Supporters

ThorstenAckemannAharon AgranatJaewookAhnAndrea AielloPatrikAkerlofAndres AlbaneseA.JohnAlcockRobertR.AlfanoRodC.AlfernessMiguelA.AlonsoRaulJ.AlvarezStefan AmarandeKyungwonAnLeandroH.F.AndradeLeonard Joseph AndrewsIsabel AriasRichardDouglasAverittPetrasV.AvizonisKirkBachHansAlbertBachorThomasM.BaerYuhongBaiThereseL.Baker-DeglerBrian BalfreyHaroldR.BaresCharlesE.BarkerMichaelBassPhilipR.BattleAngus S. Bell

YvesBellouardJoel C. BerlinghieriMarioBertolottiJulio Carlos BertuaPeter BeyersdorfArandi G. Bezerra JrPalash BharadwajJohnE.BjorkholmGaryC.BjorklundJohnF.BlackKeithAnthonyBlanksNicolaasBloembergenRichardD.BoggyCharles P. BoniniGeraldMichaelBonnerTimothy J. BowdenSergey I. BozhevolnyiDavid P. BramanLeAnn BrasureChristopherBrockJes BroengStevenBrueckMarcBrunelJohnH.BruningPhilipH.BucksbaumRobertL.ByerBrianK.CanfieldJohn CanningPrecious Cantu

Duane CarlsonP. Scott CarneyAlen W. ChanRaymondJ.ChaneyWilliam S. C. ChangPierreH.ChavelDi ChenYuh-JenChengKinSengChiangBrooksA.ChildersNancyChristiansenSteven ChuJoon ChungArturs CininsJamesB.ClarkJoseL.R.CoriolanoKristanL.CorwinAlain CournoyerClinton CourseySteve C. CoyKatherineCreathChristine Lynn Chaney

CroppPaulM.CrosbyDan Silviu CurticapeanMarioDagenaisChristopher DaintyAlvaro J. DamiaoP.DanielDapkus

VincentRicardoDariaMarceloIshiharaDavancoGene DavisLisa A. DavisJanice A. DavisGordon W. DayRauldelaFuentePaulo Cesar de OliveiraDavid DeathJohn J. DegnanJamesN.DemasDamon W. DiehlYamacDikmelikElizabethFrancesCloos

DreyerMichaelD.DuncanL.N.DurvasulaNecatiEcevitAudreyEllerbeeShyamsunderErramilliRafaelEspinosaLunaHenryO.EverittViktorEvtuhovRogerW.FalconeJoelFalkGeoff FanningPhilippeM.FauchetMartinM.FejerJoaquinM.Fernandez

Donors

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Flávio Pedro FerreiraFredericE.FerrieuOfer FirstenbergJames William FlemingJulieE.FouquetBoyd FowlerAri Tapio FribergJonathan S. FriedmanTakehiroFukushimaAlexanderL.GaetaElsaM.GarmireHankGauthierGregory J. GburAzrielZ.GenackNicholasGeorgeThomas A. GermerDave GerstenbergerJordanMitchellGertonRobertC.GibbonsConcettoR.GiulianoJohn GoldsboroughGabriela GonzalezJoseph W. GoodmanDonald S. GovanTimothy P. GraysonDanielR.GrischkowskyRuedigerGrunwaldChenji GuTingyi GuHengyuGuoTing GuoEgorA.GurvitzWilliamM.GutmanAnttiHeikkiHakolaJohnL.HallRyanHamerlyWilliamA.HanshawDavidLeeHardwickStephenE.HarrisHaroldoTakashiHattoriRobertD.HaunJohnJamesHealyJeffreyC.HechtRindaHedwigTonyF.HeinzMichaelHelmbrechtKristianHelmersonOriHenderson-SapirJean-MarcHeritierAuraHigueraRodriguez

YoshihitoHiranoBreckHitzUrsHoelzleMartinHoferLeoHollbergRichardC.HoneyTsuneoHoriguchiSheng-LungHuangXurenR.HuangDarrenD.HudsonTimHuebnerJuanBautistaHurtado-

RamosHaroldYoungHwangMasafumiIdeAndrey A. IoninJosephWai-TingIpErichP.IppenYelenaIsyanovaJiro ItataniTatsuo IzawaJim JacobRonaldA.JavitchFrancois JeanneretAnimesh JhaAnthonyM.JohnsonNanMarieJokerstKevinM.JonesAlexanderA.KachanovWilhelmG.KaendersJamesD.KafkaThomasKailathGeorgeKakarantzasThomasJ.KaneRakeshKapoorIchiroKatayamaPaulL.KebabianPaulL.KelleyThomasA.KentJoelKesslerMercedehKhajavikhanByoungYoonKimKyoungdaeKimYasuoKimuraGordonS.KinoNaotoKishiSergeyNikolayevich

KivalovPeterF.KlonPeterL.Knight

TetsuroKobayashiHongJinKongDanielKopfAntoni Waldemar

KoszykowskiVictorV.KozlovMichaelAllenKrissHirokazuKubotaDirkJ.KuizengaAndrewH.KungPaulJ.KuzmenkoMarkKuznetsovYee-shanKwokJacquelineLaBarreJohn LaBlancJohn LafrentzCedric F. LamSimonEdwardLappiAndy J. LarbalestierVyacheslavFedorovich

LebedevByoungho LeeShuhYingLeeMeredithM.LeeSang Bae LeeTzuo-ChangLeeTien Pei LeeJamesR.LegerMarcD.LevensonGuoqiangLiYaobiaoLiChangsheng LiYufengLiHuaLiEricLimShou-TaiLinAngie LinElaineA.LissnerMichaelG.LittmanJunhai LiuJeffrey C. LivasMarkLourieSusan Perron LymanSergiyLysenkoAlanMadejJojiMaedaCarlF.MaesKeithMahoneyEdwardC.MalarkeyMarianMarciniak

MichelE.MarhicVyacheslavVasilevich

MaslovGailA.MasseyKojiMasudaJohnJ.MattaGwenaelMazeEricMazurGeneH.McCallIainA.McKenzieBurtonJ.McMurtryPatrickJ.ShelbyMcNennyFelipeMedranoPatriceMegretCurtisR.MenyukHaroldJ.MetcalfAndrejusMichailovasRichardB.MilesGaetanoMiletiChristopherJ.MilneElioItaloMiraldiSergeyB.MirovYokoMiyamotoOlleMobergEdrisMohammedLindaMondinCarlosMonkenDuncanT.MooreJeffreyMooreNicoleJ.MooreIgnacioMorenoG.MichaelMorrisAhmedMorshedStevenC.MossPeterF.MoultonAaronDavidMuellerMargaretM.MurnaneJohnAnthonyMurphyPaulMusscheTadaakiNagaoWataruNakagawaHidetoshiNakanoRossM.NakatsujiChangHeeNamVincentKevinNatrellaMichaelNewellRachelNoekDanNorthemAkinoriOhkuboAndreyG.Okhrimchuk

43

Donors


VojtechFilipOlleScott OlsonJun OnoAngel C. OtarolaTaiichi OtsujiRalphHenryPageGetulioEduardoPaivaNicolaieIonPavelWilliamM.PeknyMingyingPengJiahui PengAlfonsPenzkoferAlan PetersenRichardH.PicardDonna PierceJessicaR.PiperMichaelS.PoirierPenelopeMariePolak-

DingelsPrabakaranPoopalanRichardC.PowellLowell W. PriceChristopher PughGregory J. QuarlesMichaelG.RaymerRebeccaReedsJuergenReifWilliamRhodesGregoryBrianRiekerLuisA.RiveraPatriciaRobbinsElizabethA.RoganJannickP.RollandTerencePatrickRooneyEricRosasHowardRosenRostislavV.RoussevSamRubinYuriyRubinovEdgarRuedaBrian G. Saar

RichardA.SacksJoãoMarcosSalvi

SakamotoNelsonSalasJonas SandstenZoe-ElizabethSariyanniMikeSasnettAlexanderA.SawchukSeth SchermerHowardR.SchlossbergLawrenceE.SchmutzJochen Bernhard

SchroederPatrickScottSchwarzDonaldRayScifresScott SebastianChiao-YaoSheYuen-RonShenSteve ShengMarkSherJohn T. SheridanIchiro ShojiCatherine Q. ShovenVirginiaH.SiegmanPatrickSiegmanDouglas C. SinclairDominic Francis SirianiAaronDavidSlepkovRogerAllenSmithStephen P. SmithAlexeiVladimirovich

SokolovVolkerJendrickSorgerYasamanSoudagarArunKumarSridharanChristoph Georg StammChadStarkAlan SternAlexanderJohnStockmalJ.MikeStoverDonnaT.Strickland

Kuan-WeiSuYanSunJames L. SweeneyStan SzapielJohn TaboadaTakunoriTairaZukiTanakaShelanKhasroTawfeeqAntoinette J. TaylorR.AllynTaylorJens A. TellefsenFrankK.TittelPaul J. TittertonAmalia TorreKevinK.TsiaShinji TsujiSergeiK.TuritsynGovindarao UmeshTristan UnderwoodPatrickHenryVaccaroAlejandraValenciaJeanLouisVanEckEricW.VanStrylandEricVautheyPeterVeitchAboitesVicenteR.VijayaAlainVilleneuveAugustinasVizbarasKonstantinL.VodopyanovDmitryVoloschenkoBob WaldenColinE.WebbMarvinJ.WeberJittima WeeranantanaphanJohn WeinerStanleyE.WhitcombAlanE.WillnerFrederickGuyWilsonJustinWinklerFrankW.Wise

Dorothee Christine WolfJacekWrobelHsiao-HuaWuDavidSze-tooWuJames J. WynneLian-QinXiangYanhongXiaoYoshihisaYamamotoHiroYamamotoJinghuiYangJunYeVladimirYepishinWenyanYuM.YavuzYüceJayZakrzewskiMichaelZappeKlemenZbontarWan-huaZhengElizabethZipseMaryLouZoback

CompanySupporters

Coherent IncDELL-YourCause,LLCETHZurichGinzton LaboratoryICFO Institute of Photonic

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Science and LightMultiwavePhotonicsNetworkforGoodSmart Family Foundation,

IncStanford UniversityThe Optical Society

The Siegman International School on LasersEducation. Interactions. Experience.

Each summer, The Siegman International School on Lasers invites up to 100

graduate students for a week-long program to learn from pioneering laser

researchers and experts from leading laser companies, highly-regarded

professors and fellow students. In addition, attendees present their own

research and gain invaluable experience in building exposure for their work.

Applications for the 2017 program will be accepted starting in January.

osa.org/siegmanschool

Previous Locations

2016: The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, Spain

2015: Max Planck Institute, Amberg, Germany

2014: Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA

HOST SCHOOL FOR 2017:

Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica, Leon, Mexico

siegman international school on lasers · 2017. 4. 12. · july 2016 dear siegman laser school...

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