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TRANSCRIPT
The Khaldei Trio brings together Barbara Baltussen (piano), Pieter Jansen (violin) and Francis Mourey (cello), three musicians with a passion for chamber music and, more specifically, the unique sonority of the piano trio.
TRIOKHALDEI
photo N
. Draps
Since its first concert in 2011, the Khaldei Trio has developed from a young, promising ensemble to a crowd favourite on Belgium’s biggest stages. In 2013, the trio was one of the six ensembles nominated for the first edi�on of the Supernova compe��on. Over the last few years, the trio has performed in many cultural centres throughout the country, in pres�gious venues such as the Centre for Fine Arts (Brussels), AMUZ (Antwerp), De Bijloke (Ghent) and the Concertgebouw in Bruges, as well as at numerous fes�vals in Belgium and abroad, including the Ghent Fes�val of Flanders, Fes�val 20/21, En Avant Mars, the Spectrum Fes�val (Slovenia) and the Arsana Fes�val (Slovenia). The trio has also recorded for Belgian sta�ons Canvas (television) and Klara (radio) and the Slovenian Na�onal Radio.
Trio Khaldei's first recording ‐ dedicated to works of Shostakovich and Prokofiev ‐ was released in March 2017 by the French label Paraty. This CD was very well received by both press and audiences and is distributed worldwide by Harmonia Mundi.
The Khaldei Trio has a par�cular affinity for Russian music from the first half of the 20th Century, especially music by Shostakovich.
The trio’s namesake, Evgueni Khaldei, was official photographer of the Stalin regime, and created striking portraits of all the great Russian ar�sts of the �me. The search for truth, authen�city and the nuances brought by this photographer to difficult moments throughout his life are a great source of inspira�on for the trio.
The Khaldei Trio likes to bring together music from �mes past and present in its programs, introducing the public to music by lesser‐known composers as well as the great masters. The program Debuts offers trios by Gaspar Cassadó and Gillis Sacré together with Shostakovich and Sibelius. In the program WWI, Debussy’s sonatas and Ravel’s masterly trio accompany a magnificent trio by Enescu.
Belgian music also occupies a special place in the Khaldei Trio’s repertoire. Works by Jongen, Celis, Van Landeghem and Brewaeys are to be found on the trio’s music stands. In March 2015, as part of the two concerts that the trio gave during the En Avant Mars fes�val in De Bijloke (Ghent), the trio played an en�rely Belgian program, in which works by Buckinckx and Swerts featured alongside premières of works by Ruben De Gheselle, Mirek Cou�gny and Gillis Sacré.
TRIO KHALDEI
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60' 75'DEBUTS
JEAN SIBELIUS Trio in C "Lovisa", JS 208
DMITRI SHOSTAKOVICH Trio No. 1 in C, Op. 8
GILLIS SACRÉ Sursum
GASPAR CASSADÓ Trio in C
JEAN SIBELIUS Trio in C "Lovisa", JS 208
GILLIS SACRÉ Sursum
DMITRI SHOSTAKOVICH Trio No. 1 in C, Op. 8
SERGEI RACHMANINOFF Elegiac Trio No. 1 in g
GASPAR CASSADÓ Trio in C
Five composers experimented at the start of their careers with the challenging form that is the piano trio. These early works showcase numerous characteris�cs that would later define their musical style.
Wri�ng a piano trio is a challenge for any composer. The repertoire is already rich with countless masterpieces. In addi�on, striking the right balance between the unique but formidable combina�on of the tonal colours of the piano and strings makes the trio a tough taskmaster.
Although the pieces in this programme are part of each composer’s early works, certain typical characteris�cs of their later styles are already audible. In JEAN SIBELIUS’ Trio in C Major, we hear the first signs of the narra�ve style of his future orchestral works.
SERGEI RACHMANINOFF’s first Elegiac Trio, wri�en in 1892 when he was 19, pays homage to his mentor, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Despite his youth, Rachmaninoff showcases a mature range of tonal colours in the piano part.
DMITRI SHOSTAKOVICH wrote his first Piano Trio at the age of 17. This one‐movement trio was dedicated to Tatjana Glivienko and originally en�tled ‘Poème’, and it is no less rich in tempos and characters.
This programme is also a chance to discover two lesser‐known composers. The Belgian composer GILLIS SACRÉ wrote Sursum for the Khaldei Trio in 2015. GASPAR CASSADÓ was a famous Catalan cellist of the first half of the 20th Century, who studied composi�on with Maurice Ravel. He composed a brilliantly virtuoso trio, influenced by earlier Spanish models, but revealing great panache and considerable demands via guitar imita�ons, malagueña rhythms and lashings of folkloric brio.
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8TRIOKHALDEI
WW I
60' 80'CLAUDE DEBUSSY Sonata for Violin and Piano in g
GEORGE ENESCu Trio in a
MAURICE RAVEL Trio in a
CLAUDE DEBUSSY Sonata for Violin and Piano in g
GEORGE ENESCu Trio in a
CLAUDE DEBUSSY Sonata for Cello and Piano in d
MAURICE RAVEL Trio in a
2018 marks the end of the centenary of the Great War. Here are some of the most beau�ful chamber works of the 20th Century, wri�en during this tumultuous period of history.
CLAUDE DEBUSSY composed his Sonata for Violoncello and Piano in a couple of days during the summer of 1915. A �tle considered for the work was “Pierrot faché avec la lune” (Pierrot argues with the moon. Pierrot here refers to a character from 18th Century French theatre.) Although its form is pure and tradi�onal, the Cello Sonata has an unmistakeably
theatrical dimension, evoking a world of humour, sarcasm and fantasy.
Two years later, the composer wrote his Sonata for Violin and Piano, equally as concise as the Cello Sonata, and Debussy’s last major work before his death in 1918. Of the Violin Sonata, Debussy wrote, “This Sonata will be interes�ng from a documentary point of view and as an example of what may be produced by a sick man in �me of war. I dedicate it to those who can read between the staves!”
GEORGE ENESCU, a Romanian violinist and composer
who spent around 60 years in Paris, was one of the best violinists of his �me. His music is a wonderful mixture of French impressionism and elements from the popular music of his homeland, as shown in his Trio in a, composed in 1916.
Called to the ba�lefront in 1914, MAURICE RAVEL
wrote his Piano Trio in a great hurry. In a le�er to Stravinsky, he confided that this rushed departure pushed him to write in five weeks a work that should have taken five months. The zeal and urgency of the wri�ng have led to one of the most innova�ve and coloured pieces in the history of chamber music. The inspira�on for this work’s musical content comes from different backgrounds, from the Basque dance of the first movement to the Malaysian poetry of the second. Ravel’s genius reveals itself in the way he introduces these elements within the classical four‐movement framework.
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For centuries, composers have been inspired by popular music of every kind, borrowing elements, mo�fs and themes for use in their own ‘art music’.
JOSEPH HAYDN, the ‘father’ of the string quartet, wrote 45 piano trios! Here is his most well known trio, known as alla zingarese, or the Gypsy. In the last movement, en�tled Rondo alla zingarese by Haydn himself, the composer uses many elements
that come from Gypsy musicians that he met in Esterhazy’s court.
ZOLTÁN KODÁLY’s Duo Op. 7, composed in 1914, represents a glorious fusion of elements of Hungarian folklore with more formal structures of Western Classical music. Kodaly spent part of his life travelling across the Hungarian countryside with Béla Bartók, collec�ng, gathering and analysing the melodies of the people.
Commissioned in 1925 by a rich American amateur musician of Irish origin, FRANK MARTIN’s Trio sur des mélodies populaires irlandaises is based on popular Irish folk tunes. It is inspired by previously unpublished ancient melodies that come from
dances as well as songs.
ANTONIN DVOŘAK was happy to let tradi�onal Slavic music influence his work. These influences can be seen in one of the favourites of the piano trio repertoire, the Dumky trio. Dumky, plural of dumka, is a diminu�ve form of the term duma, which refers to epic ballads, specifically a song or lament of cap�ve people. During the 19th Century, Slavic composers used the term duma to indicate a brooding, introspec�ve composi�on interspersed with cheerful and light sec�ons.
JOSEPH HAYDN Trio “Gypsy”, Hob. XV/25
FRANK MARTIN Trio sur des mélodies populaires irlandaises
ANTONIN DVOŘAK Dumky Trio in e, Op. 90
JOSEPH HAYDN Trio “Gypsy”, Hob. XV/25
ZOLTÁN KODÁLY Duo for Violin and Cello, Op. 7
FRANK MARTIN Trio sur des mélodies populaires irlandaises
ANTONIN DVOŘAK Dumky Trio in e, Op. 90
We invite you to put together your own programme from our repertoire listà la carte
XVIII
J. HAYDN
Trio No. 39 “Gypsy”
J.N. HUMMEL
Trio in F "alla turca"
W.A. MOZART
Trio in Bb M, KV 502
XIX
L.V. BEETHOVEN
Symphonie No. 7
J. BRAHMS
Trio No. 2 in C, Op. 87
A. DVORAK
Dumky Trio, Op. 90
C. FRANCK
Trio concertant No. 1
H. VON HERZOGENBERG
Trio in C
F. SCHUBERT
Trio Sonatensatz in Bb, D.28
R. SCHUMANN
Trio No. 1 in d
P.I. TCHAIKOVSKY
Trio in a, Op. 50
XX
G. CASSADÓ
Trio in C
F. CELIS
Trio Op. 5
C. DEBUSSY
Trio in GSonata for Violin and PianoSonata for Cello and Piano
A. DE GREEF Trio in f
E. DENISOV
Trio
G. ENESCO
Trio in a
J. JONGEN
Trio in b, Op. 10
J. HARVEY
Trio
Z. KODÁLY
Duo Op. 7
F. MARTIN
Trio sur des Mélodies populaires Irlandaises
B. MARTINU
Duo No. 2
A. MEULEMANS
Trio
S. PROKOFIEV
BalladeCinq mélodies
M. RAVEL
TrioSonata for Violin and Cello
S. RACHMANINOFF
Elegiac Trio No. 1
N. ROSLAVETS
Trio No. 3
D. SHOSTAKOVICH
Trio No. 1 in C, Op. 8Trio No. 2 in e, Op. 67
J. SIBELIUS
Trio in C
S. SCIARRINO
Trio No. 2
A. SCHOENBERG
Verklärte Nacht
XXI
L. BREWAEYS 3 miniatures
F. JOHNSTON
Piano Trio
R. DE GHESELLE
Clocks never wait
G. SACRÉ
Sursum
P. SWERTS
Hommage
M. COUTIGNY
Nobody's Fault
& FRIENDS
O. MESSIAEN
Quatuor pour la fin du temps
D. SHOSTAKOVICH
Symphony No. 15(arr. V. Derevianko)
F. SCHUBERT
Trout Quintet D.667
TRIOKHALDEI
CLAUDE DEBUSSY Sonata for violin and piano
MAURICE RAVEL Sonata for violin and cello
CLAUDE DEBUSSY L’Isle joyeuse for piano solo
CLAUDE DEBUSSY Sonata for violin and piano
CLAUDE DEBUSSY Trio in G
A unique programme honouring Claude Debussy on the occasion of the centenary of his death. We offer all combina�ons, from piano solo to piano trio, including all different duet combina�ons.
VOICI DEBUSSY
JOHANNES BRAHMS Trio No. 2 in C Op. 87
PYOTR ILYICH TCHAIKOVSKY Trio in a Op. 50
Two remarkable trios both wri�en in 1882. A confronta�on and dialogue between Brahms’ German roman�cism and Tchaikovsky’s Russian roman�cism.
1882
SERGEI PROKOFIEV Ballade
SERGEI PROKOFIEV Cinq mélodies
DMITRI SHOSTAKOVICH Trio No. 1
DMITRI SHOSTAKOVICH Trio No. 2
The programme from our first CD. Two magnificent but under‐performed duos by Prokofiev, the first early trio by Shostakovich and his cap�va�ng second trio, a favourite in the Khaldei Trio’s repertoire.
SHOSTAKOVICH / PROKOFIEV
TRIOKHALDEIinspira�on
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