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Plot Notes SHORT STORY UNIT

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Page 1: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Plot NotesSHORT STORY UNIT

Page 2: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

1. Exposition This usually occurs at the

beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the story.

Page 3: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

2. Rising ActionThis part of the story begins to

develop the conflict(s). A building of interest or suspense occurs.

Page 4: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

3. Climax This is the turning point of the story.

Usually the main character comes face to face with a conflict. The main character will change in some way.

Page 5: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

4. Falling ActionAll loose ends of the plot are tied up. The conflict(s) and climax are taken care of.

Page 6: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

5. ResolutionThe story comes to a reasonable ending.

Page 7: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Plot Line

Complete the following plot line, including at least one specific event/detail from the story that support each section.

1. Exposition

2. Rising Action• What is the

main conflict?

3. Climax

4. Falling Action

5. Resolution

Page 8: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Characterization NotesSHORT STORY UNIT

Page 9: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Characterization Terms

ROLE  Protagonist: Character who experiences conflict;

usually the main character.  Antagonist: Character who creates conflict for the

protagonist. PERSONAL GROWTH Dynamic: Makes an important change in their life,

receives new understanding, makes an important decision, takes crucial action

 Static: Doesn’t change much during the course of the story

PERSONALITY  Flat: simple personality, not too many character

traits  Round: complex personality, the reader knows a

lot about this character.  Stock: Stereotypical character, one we’ve seen

many times before

Page 10: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

How do we learn about a character?

STEAL Analysis

Speech What does the character say? How does the character speak?

Thoughts What is revealed through the character’s private thoughts and feelings?

Effect on others What is revealed through the character’s effect on other people? How do other characters feel or behave in reaction to the character?

Actions What does the character do? How does the character behave?

Looks What does the character look like? How does the character dress?

Page 11: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Completing a character analysis.

Answers to Anchor Questions

CD that supports observation

Speech

Thoughts

Effects on others

Actions

Looks

Directions: In your notebook, complete a STEAL analysis for Grandma in the story “My Grandmother”.

Page 12: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Which character am I assigned?

1. August2. Via3. Jack4. Summer5. Julian6. Miranda7. Justin

Page 13: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Completing a character analysis.

Answers to Anchor Questions

CD that supports observation

Speech

Thoughts

Effects on others

Actions

Looks

Directions: In your notebook, complete a STEAL analysis for your character.

Page 14: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Imagery NotesSHORT STORY UNIT

Page 15: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Imagery is the use of words or phrases that appeal to our senses. Imagery can help the reader:

• see a mental picture

• hear a sound

• feel texture or temperature

• taste a sweet, sour, or salty flavor

What is imagery?

• smell a scent

Page 16: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Point of View NotesSHORT STORY UNIT

Page 17: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Point of View: Who’s Telling the Story?

• Third PersonoOmniscientoLimited

• First Person• Second Person• Mixed

Page 18: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Third Person Point of View• The narrator does not participate in the

action of the story as one of the characters

• So called because of its use of third person pronouns such as “he”, “she”, and “they”

• Third Person Omniscient defines a narrator that is all-seeing and all-knowing. The reader has access to all characters’ thoughts and feelings.

• Third Person Limited defines a narrator that has knowledge and familiarity with only one character. The reader has access to only this particular character’s thoughts and feelings.

Page 19: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

First Person Point of View

• So called because of its use of first person pronouns such as “I”, “me”, “my”, and “mine”

• Narrator participates in the action of the story

• What the narrator is recounting might not be the objective (unbiased) truth

• Usually provides more intimate (familiar) understanding of story and characters

Page 20: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Second Person Point of View

You use the second-person point of view to address the reader, as I just did. The second person uses the pronouns “you,” “your,” and “yours.”

Page 21: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Symbolism Notes

Page 22: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

A symbol is a thing or idea that stands for something else.

Symbols are used in writing to give meaning beyond what is being described.

Symbolism

Page 23: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

What can be a symbol? Object Picture Written word Sound Numerals (numbers)

Symbolism

Page 24: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Example: picture

= love

Symbolism

Page 25: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Example: math

Symbolism

Page 26: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Example: colors

RED = love, danger

WHITE= peace, purity

GREEN = nature, wealth

Symbolism

Page 27: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Example in writing: Harry Potter The snake is used to represent evil. It is no

coincidence that the symbol of Slytherin House is a serpent.

Symbolism

Page 28: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Conflict NotesSHORT STORY UNIT

Page 29: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Personal Conflict

Think about a time you were involved in a conflict:• Who was involved in the conflict?  What is their

relationship to you?• What was the conflict about? • What did you do/say during the conflict? • What did the other person do/say during the conflict? • How did you feel at the beginning of the conflict?• How did you feel at the end of the conflict? • Was the conflict resolved? How?

In a minimum one-page journal entry, answer any or all of the above questions.

Page 30: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

What is Conflict?

• A struggle between two opposing forces

• Relationship to key character terms "protagonist" and "antagonist"

• Four major types of conflict in literature

Page 31: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Four Major Types of Conflict

1. Person versus Nature a. A character must overcome

some natural obstacle or condition

b. Floods, snowstorms, insects, plague, famine, or animals

2. Person versus Persona. A struggle between two

people

b. Not always openly hostile (i.e., psychological conflict, a battle of wits, etc.)

Page 32: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Four Major Types of Conflict

3. Person versus Societya. A character is at odds with a particular social

force or condition produced by societyb. Poverty, political revolution, a social

convention, or set of values 4. Person versus Self (internal conflict)

a. A character struggles with facets within themselves

b. May be emotional, intellectual, or moral c. Such conflicts typically leave the character

indecisive and agitated

Page 33: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Irony NotesSHORT STORY UNIT

Page 34: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Verbal Irony

An author or character says something, but means something else.

What is said is often the opposite of what is meant.

The character is aware of the irony. The reader is aware of the irony.

Page 35: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Dramatic Irony

The reader knows something about a character’s situation that the character(s) does not know.

The character is unaware of the irony.

The reader is aware of the irony.

Page 36: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Situational Irony

What actually happens is not what is expected to happen.

Situational irony often defies logic. The character does not expect the

outcome (irony). The reader does not expect the

outcome (irony).

Page 37: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Theme NotesSHORT STORY UNIT

Page 38: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Theme

Theme (n.): an idea or insight about human life and human behavior that gives meaning to the story. The main idea of a work of literature Different from a moral because it is not

necessarily a lesson that a reader needs to learn, but an opinion about life or human nature

Different from a thematic topic because it is expressed using a complete sentence

Page 39: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Composing a Theme Statement

To compose a well developed theme statement, consider the topic. Do this by asking several questions. What is the topic about? Why is the topic an important issue? Who does the topic involve? How does the topic affect the average person? What problems or issues arise because of this

topic? How does the topic affect the way society

functions?

Page 40: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Topic vs. Theme

The theme of Cinderella is NOT: overcoming obstacles

The theme of Cinderella COULD BE: People need to overcome obstacles in order to achieve their dreams.

The theme of Macbeth is NOT: greed The theme of Macbeth COULD BE:

Greed could lead to one’s downfall.

Page 41: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

Thematic Topics in “Where Have You Gone, Charming Billy?”

War Fear

What others can you think of?

Page 42: SHORT STORY UNIT.  This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the

“Where Have You Gone Charming Billy”

Answer the following prompt. Use two quotes from the story to support your answer.

Prompt: How does the author use irony to support the theme of the story?