Short Story Short Story Short Story Short Story

Skills

• You will have to focus on your sentence structure

• Varied punctuation to create specific effects

• The structure of the narrative• Varied vocabulary to create

specific effects.

Sentence Structure

Little variety in sentence structures

Skilful control in the construction of varied sentence forms

-ly, -ing, -ed

• I walked through the dark alley and suddenly a hand reached out and grabbed my shoulder.

• Suddenly a hand reached out and grabbed my shoulder as I walked down the dark alley.

• I was breathing deeply as I crept through the deep, dark wood.

• Breathing deeply, I crept through the deep, dark wood.

• I was trapped and could not see a way out.• Trapped! I could see no way out.

Vary your sentence starters

• He walked to the door. He opened it and looked inside. He saw a large…..

How could you make this passage more interesting by changing the sentence starters?

Once done- finish off the paragraph with two or three more sentences.

Sentence lengths• Simple, Compound, Complex• Short and long• A short sentence can be 1 word

long!

Using all 5 sentence variations: write one paragraph about this

picture

Use of Language

Limited vocabulary

Extensive vocabulary

Don’t even bother using!

• Walked/walk-• Said-• Nice/good-• Bad-

• Never start sentences with so/and/then- in fact- try not to use them mid sentence if you can!

Try• He was unhappy.• Carefully, he wiped away a glistening tear as he

watched her turn away and move purposely towards the door.

• He was nice• She was a kind person

• He was happy• The wind blew hard

• She sat in a tree waiting for her friend• He walked to school

• The dog barked• It was sunny• He was angry

Describe each of these images using powerful adjectives and the

techniques we have learnt today

Techniques

SENSESSightSoundSmellTouchTaste

CHOICE OF WORDSAdjectives

OnomatopoeiaAlliterationAssonancesibilance

DEVICESMetaphor

JuxtapositionSimile

Pathetic fallacyPersonification

Poetic Techniques• Simile- When you compare one thing to something else

using the words ‘as’ or ‘like’.• Alliteration- When the first letter of the words are the

same.• Personification- When make something which isn’t

human sound human.• Onomatopoeia- A word which sounds like the noise it

makes.• Sibilance- Words characterized by, or producing a

hissing sound like that of (s) or (sh) • Assonance- Resemblance of sound, especially of the

vowel sounds in words • Metaphor- A comparison between essentially unlike

things without an explicitly comparative word such as like or as.

Come up with one simile, one metaphor and one personification for

each image

Paragraphs

Broadly appropriate paragraphing

Skilfully sustained paragraphing

So, when do you start a new one?

Person

Place

Topic

Time

Tiptop

Senses and tense• Describe - as appropriate to the scene -

what you saw, heard, tasted, smelt and felt - that is, use 'sensory description';

• notice 'saw', 'heard': be safe and stick to writing about a past time! – present tense writing can be exciting to read but

it's far too easy to forget the time frame of the present and flip back into the past - which is confusing for your reader and loses many marks.

– Unless you are a very sure writer - avoid writing about 'now' - choose to write about 'then'

Describe this scene

relying ONLY on

your senses

Could you do it?

• 1) Pathetic fallacy is when you use the weather to reflect what is happening in the scene.

• 2) Juxtaposition is two random objects/ideas/perspectives moving in parallel, a technique intended to stimulate creativity

• 3) Satire is to hold up human vices and follies to ridicule or scorn. Also can be to use wit, irony, or sarcasm used to expose and discredit vice.

Pathetic fallacy• Pathetic Fallacy is very similar to

personification. However, it can also be used when the weather reflects what is going on in the scene. Eg.

• If the weather is hot, sunny and there are people everywhere- it usually represents a ‘happy’ story.

• If the weather is dark, cold and stormy- you can usually guess that something bad is going to happen.

Objective: Can I write in different styles?What are the effects of different writing

styles?

• Shattered! Can barely move myself anymore. The slow process of age, chasing me my whole life, is finally to have it’s day of victory.

• All around, ever silent, ever invisible, ever lasting. The source of all life yet never appreciated as the world moves by as always. Yet when I am present, they can see, they can feel and they cannot run.

• Yeah! This lot are well boring- seriously! Don’t care less bout this rubbish- I wanna run!

Example• The window smashed, sending glass flying in all

directions. Flames burst into the room. I ducked, keeping my body as low as I could, trying desperately to avoid the smoke that was advancing rapidly across the ceiling. I scanned the room for other exits and was relieved to see a small window on the far wall. The smoke was getting thicker and started slowly descending to the floor. My mind shouted, ‘Move!’ Taking a deep breath of clean air, possibly my last, I pushed away from the wall to safety. As I struggled to open the window, I felt my heart pounding. My lungs screamed for air. The smoke descended and I worked blind, my eyes stinging. I pulled franticly at the catches, felt them give and tumbled out onto the ground below. I felt the heat escaping from the open window above and started to crawl slowly away.

Structure

Organisation of the material is simple

Sophisticated control of the text structure