short history of r&d in military technology
DESCRIPTION
Short history of R&D in Military Technology from Club to Attacker/Defender RobotsTRANSCRIPT
Military technology comes from Military technology comes from club to attack/defense robots by club to attack/defense robots by
Research and Development (R&D)Research and Development (R&D)
Dr. György Seres DSc.Dr. György Seres DSc.
20032003
What’s different between What’s different between animal and human being?animal and human being?
What’s different between What’s different between animal and human being?animal and human being?
Only human being uses military Only human being uses military technologytechnology..
Military technology comes Military technology comes from club to attack/defense from club to attack/defense
robots by Research and robots by Research and Development (R&D)Development (R&D)
I show selections from I show selections from history history
of Military R&D for of Military R&D for illustrationillustration
SSelections from elections from history history
of Military R&Dof Military R&D
Attack toolsAttack tools
Version 1.0
Version 3.0 Version 4.0
Version 2.0
Beta version
VersionVersionss of clubs of clubs
Swords and Swords and sabressabres
Individual distance Individual distance shootingshooting
ArtilleryArtillery
BombsBombs
SSelections from elections from history history
of Military R&Dof Military R&D
Defensive tools and Defensive tools and vehiclesvehicles
DefensiveDefensive tools tools
VehiclesVehicles
Unmanned landUnmanned land, , undersea and undersea and
air combat vehiclesair combat vehicles
SSelections from elections from history history
of Military R&Dof Military R&D
SystemsSystems
Air Defense SystemAir Defense System
Strategic Defense Strategic Defense InitiativeInitiative
( SDI or Star ( SDI or Star WWars)ars)
SSelections from elections from history history
of Military R&Dof Military R&D
FutureFuture
““””The nature of modern The nature of modern warfare demands that we warfare demands that we fight as a joint team. fight as a joint team. …… Joint Vision 2010 provides Joint Vision 2010 provides an operationally based an operationally based template for the evolution template for the evolution of the Armed Forces for a of the Armed Forces for a challenging and uncertain challenging and uncertain future. future. …….”.”
John M. ShalikashviliChairman
of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
By US By US ArmyArmy
DigitDigitalal
battlefielbattlefieldd
By US Air By US Air ForceForce
„Air Force 2025”The The Air Force University Air Force University
conducted a study to identify conducted a study to identify the concepts, capabilities, the concepts, capabilities, and technologies the United and technologies the United States will require remainStates will require remaining ing the dominant air and space the dominant air and space force in the first quarter of force in the first quarter of the 21st century. the 21st century.
The study was called Air The study was called Air Force 2025Force 2025..
Worldwide CWorldwide C44I I systemsystem
Virtual theatre of Virtual theatre of warwar
By NMD By NMD TeamTeam
The primary mission of National Missile The primary mission of National Missile Defense is defense of the United States (all Defense is defense of the United States (all 50 states) against a threat of a limited 50 states) against a threat of a limited strategic ballistic missile attack from a strategic ballistic missile attack from a rogue nation. rogue nation. Although intended to protect the United Although intended to protect the United States only, the proposed NMD system will States only, the proposed NMD system will not work without the use of radars in not work without the use of radars in Europe or in territories controlled by Europe or in territories controlled by European countries. European countries.
National Missiles Defense National Missiles Defense systemsystem ( ( NMNMD )D )
First First conclusionconclusion
Only two type ofOnly two type of weapons weapons were developed, against were developed, against
which which wasn’t effective defensewasn’t effective defense!!
Only two type ofOnly two type of weapons weapons were developed, against were developed, against
which which wasn’t effective defensewasn’t effective defense!!
ClubClub Nuclear weaponNuclear weapon
&&
Defensive tool against Defensive tool against clubclub was frightful mask was frightful mask
onlyonly
The SDI was planned as The SDI was planned as defensive tool against defensive tool against
nuclear weaponnuclear weaponIt hasn’t beenIt hasn’t been realizedrealized,, but as a but as a
result result the USSR collapsedthe USSR collapsed
II developed a model developed a model for study of Military R&Dfor study of Military R&D,, like an old modellike an old model creatorcreator
Universal model Universal model of military systemsof military systems
Friendly
Neutral
Enemy
PurposeMilitary systemEnvironment
Requirements, conditions
Organization
Human
Technology
Survival
Result
Capabilities
Command, neighbours,
logistics, etc.
Geographical, meteorological,
daytime, etc.
Attack, defenseAlliance, national
armed forces, branches, etc.
Universal model Universal model of military systemsof military systems
Friendly
Neutral
Enemy
PurposeMilitary systemEnvironment
Requirements, conditions
Organization
Human
Technology
Survival
Result
Capabilities
Purpose of military systemPurpose of military systemss must be determined by friendly must be determined by friendly
environmentenvironment
Victory, destroying,occupation, defense, etc.
… or threat, deterrent, extortion,
Friendly
Neutral
Enemy
PurposeMilitary systemEnvironment
Requirements, conditions
Organization
Human
Technology
Survival
Result
Capabilities
But purpose can be But purpose can be determinatedeterminatedd also also by neutral by neutral
environmentenvironment
Surviving a desert or sea storm, etc.
Friendly
Neutral
Enemy
PurposeMilitary systemEnvironment
Requirements, conditions
Organization
Human
Technology
Survival
Result
Capabilities
And purpose can be And purpose can be determinate also by enemy determinate also by enemy
environmentenvironment
Retreat, etc.
Second Second conclusionconclusion
R&D mission: to reach all the R&D mission: to reach all the purposes of military systempurposes of military systemss
Friendly
Neutral
Enemy
PurposeMilitary systemEnvironment
Requirements, conditions
Organization
Human
Technology
Survival
Result
Capabilities
Retreat, etc.
Victory, destroying,occupation, defense, etc.
Surviving a desert or sea storm, etc.
R&D mission: to reach all the R&D mission: to reach all the purposes of military systempurposes of military systemss
… or threat, deterrent, extortion,
Third Third conclusionconclusion
One of main goals of R&D: One of main goals of R&D: to decrease danger for human in to decrease danger for human in
combatcombat
Friendly
Neutral
Enemy
PurposeMilitary systemEnvironment
Requirements, conditions
Organization
Human
Technology
Survival
Result
Capabilities
One of main goals of R&D: One of main goals of R&D: to decrease danger for human in to decrease danger for human in
combatcombat
Friendly
Neutral
Enemy
PurposeMilitary systemEnvironment
Requirements, conditions
Organization
Human
Technology
Survival
Result
Capabilities
by increasing radius of attack by increasing radius of attack toolstools
Technology
One of main goals of R&D: One of main goals of R&D: to decrease danger for human in to decrease danger for human in
combatcombat
Friendly
Neutral
Enemy
PurposeMilitary systemEnvironment
Requirements, conditions
Organization
Human
Technology
Survival
Result
Capabilities
by increasing effectiveness of defense by increasing effectiveness of defense toolstools
One of main goals of R&D: One of main goals of R&D: to decrease danger for human in to decrease danger for human in
combatcombat
Friendly
Neutral
Enemy
PurposeMilitary systemEnvironment
Requirements, conditions
Organization
Human
Technology
Survival
Result
Capabilities
by automationby automation
Computer
One of main goals of R&D: One of main goals of R&D: to decrease danger for human in to decrease danger for human in
combatcombat
Fourth Fourth conclusionconclusion
The ultimate goal of R&D: to make military The ultimate goal of R&D: to make military systems capable to reach its purpose without systems capable to reach its purpose without
human participationhuman participation
PurposeMilitary systemEnvironment
Requirements, conditions
Organization
Computer
Capabilities
Military robot
Human
Technology
Friendly
Neutral
Enemy
Human
Survival
Result
The ultimate goal of R&D: to make military The ultimate goal of R&D: to make military systems capable to reach its purpose without systems capable to reach its purpose without
human participationhuman participation
Fifth conclusionFifth conclusion
Role of technology in armed Role of technology in armed combat:combat:
contact two adverse systemscontact two adverse systems
Friendly
Neutral
EnemyTechnology
Human
OrganizationSurvival
Result
Organization
Human
TechnologySurvival
Result
Reconnaissance
Strikes
Role of technology in armed Role of technology in armed combat:combat:
contact two adverse systemscontact two adverse systems
If somebody If somebody remembersremembers
On the firstOn the first ROBOTWARFARE ROBOTWARFARE conference inconference in 2001 I presented a 2001 I presented a
modelmodel like thislike this
Z
Zv
Zo
Vt
Vv
C B
ARMED COMBAT SYSTEM
Rt
Rv
Vo OBJECT
ATTACKER
DEFENDER
Iv
IIk
Io
On the firstOn the first ROBOTWARFARE ROBOTWARFARE conference inconference in 2001 I presented a 2001 I presented a
modelmodel like thislike this
Z
Zv
Zo
Vt
Vv
C B
ARMED COMBAT SYSTEM
Rt
Rv
Vo OBJECT
ATTACKER
DEFENDER
Iv
IIk
Io
ARMED COMBAT AS A SYSTEMARMED COMBAT AS A SYSTEM
• TThe he AttackerAttacker against against the the ObjectObject and it and it’’s s DefenderDefender are relatedare related in combat as close as two subsystems in combat as close as two subsystems of a big-systemof a big-system..
• ResourcesResources of the combat-activity of the combat-activity (R(Rtt or R or Rvv)) are the are the inputsinputs,, and the and the losses (Vlosses (Vtt or V or Vvv and V and Voo)) are the are the outputsoutputs..
• TThe he relationshiprelationship between between thethe components are components are:: – reconnaissancereconnaissance (I or C)(I or C) – and strikesand strikes (Z or B)(Z or B). .
• Consequently, the two subsystems formConsequently, the two subsystems form an an independent big-system, independent big-system, which is the Armed which is the Armed Combat System itselfCombat System itself as such.as such.
ThisThis model includes all model includes all specificsspecifics of a cybernetic of a cybernetic systemsystem, , and that’s why we and that’s why we are able toare able to analyzeanalyze CombatCombat with with adequateadequate andand rich cybernetic tools.rich cybernetic tools.
The basic ideas of my Armed The basic ideas of my Armed Combat model are the Combat model are the
followings:followings:
Reviewing the past:Reviewing the past: I put I put some questionsome questionss for myself for myself
in 2003in 2003• When two When two armed forcesarmed forces did did reallyreally
engageengage using comparableusing comparable military military technology?technology?– 1975, in Vietnam1975, in Vietnam WarWar!!
• Which two antagonistic Which two antagonistic superpowers had comparable superpowers had comparable military technology, and when?military technology, and when?– USA and USSR in 1991!USA and USSR in 1991!
That’s why I try: how does my That’s why I try: how does my new model worknew model work if technology if technology
level of two systemlevel of two systemss isn’t isn’t comparablecomparable??
Fifth conclusionFifth conclusion
Friendly
Neutral
EnemyTechnology
Human
OrganizationSurvival
Result
Organization
Human
TechnologySurvival
Result
Reconnaissance
Strikes
Armed combat, Armed combat, if technology level isn’t if technology level isn’t
comparablecomparable
Friendly
Neutral
Enemy
Survival
Result
Reconnaissance
Strikes
Armed combat, Armed combat, iif technology level isn’t f technology level isn’t
comparablecomparableKamikaze Kamikaze
typetype
Technology
Human
Organization
Organization
Human
TechnologySurvival
Result
Organization
Human
Technology
Technology
Human
Organization
Friendly
Neutral
Enemy
Survival
Result
Survival
Result
Reconnaissance
Strikes
Armed combat, Armed combat, iif technology level isn’t f technology level isn’t
comparablecomparableYugoslaviYugoslavi
a typea type
Friendly
Neutral
Enemy Technology
Human
OrganizationSurvival
Result
Organization
Human
TechnologySurvival
Result
Reconnaissance
Strikes
Armed combat, Armed combat, iif technology level isn’t f technology level isn’t
comparablecomparableGuerilla Guerilla
typetype
If somebody If somebody remembersremembers
On the secondOn the second ROBOTWARFARE ROBOTWARFARE conference inconference in 2002 I formulated 2002 I formulated
a question:a question:
How can we compare How can we compare different input and output different input and output parameters of the Armed parameters of the Armed
Combat System?Combat System?
My answer was:My answer was:
… … and the and the proposedproposed value-model value-model of the Armed Combat System wasof the Armed Combat System was
K(Vt)
K(C+B)
ARMED COMBAT SYSTEMK(Rt)
ATTACKER
DEFENDER
K(I+Z)
K(Rv) K(Vv)
Where:Where:
•K(RK(Rtt),), K(RK(Rvv) – ) – material and moral valuematerial and moral value of resources of resources
•K(VK(Vtt),), K(VK(Vvv) – ) – material and moral valuematerial and moral value of losses of losses
•K(I+Z),K(I+Z), K(C+B) – K(C+B) – material and moral valuematerial and moral value used for used for getting information or for strikes resources getting information or for strikes resources
Reviewing the past:Reviewing the past: I put I put aa question for myselfquestion for myself in 2003in 2003WWhat hat doesdoes the phrasethe phrase „MATERIAL AND „MATERIAL AND
MORAL MORAL VALUEVALUE” ” meanmean for terroristfor terrorist organizationsorganizations??
Reviewing the past:Reviewing the past: I put I put aa questionquestionss for myself for myself in 2003in 2003WWhat hat doesdoes the phrasethe phrase „MATERIAL AND „MATERIAL AND
MORAL MORAL VALUEVALUE” ” meanmean for terroristfor terrorist organizationsorganizations??
That’s why I try: how does my That’s why I try: how does my new model worknew model work, , if military if military
system is a terrorist system is a terrorist organizationorganization??
Sixth Sixth conclusionconclusion
Human
Survival
Strikes
Friendly
Neutral
EnemyTechnology
Human
OrganizationSurvival
Result
Role of technology Role of technology in terrorist systemsin terrorist systems
Reconnaissance
Friendly
Neutral
EnemyTechnology
Human
OrganizationSurvival
Result
Human
Survival
Reconnaissance
Strikes
A special case of state terrorism is A special case of state terrorism is the coup, when military system has the coup, when military system has
itsits own goalown goal
Ultimate Ultimate conclusionconclusion
This model of military systems is This model of military systems is universal, because it is suitable for universal, because it is suitable for
study :study :
This model of military systems is This model of military systems is universal, because it is suitable for universal, because it is suitable for
study :study :• any level of military systemsany level of military systems
• coherence among human, technology and coherence among human, technology and organization subsystemsorganization subsystems
• influence of different purposes for military influence of different purposes for military systemsystemss
• armed combat, if technology level of sides armed combat, if technology level of sides isn’t comparableisn’t comparable
• rrole of technology inole of technology in terrorist military terrorist military systemsystem
Dr. György SeresDr. György Seres
http://www.jata.org/drseres/