Shopping PowerPoint: The Cardiovascular

System7th Grade Science

OXYGEN AND HEART RATE

• Your heart rate changes to correspond to your body’s OXYGEN NEEDS.

• If your heart rate or pulse increases, your heart is beating FASTER.

• For example, when you are running, you breathe harder to bring more oxygen to your heart and body. This exercise also helps to strengthen your heart.

The path of a white blood cell…(Think about your buddy Osmosis Jones)

1. Lungs2. Pulmonary veins3. Left atrium4. Bicuspid valve5. Left ventricle6. Aorta7. Body8. Vena cava9. Right atrium10. Tricuspid valve11. Right ventricle12. Pulmonary artery

What does what?• Arteries go AWAY from the heart–BUT the coronary artery supplies blood

to the heart itself. • Veins go TOWARD or TO the heart. • CAPILLARIES connect veins to

arteries.

What does what?• The right and left atria pump blood to the

right and left VENTRICLES and receive blood from the body.

• The atria’s function: RECEIVE bloods that comes INTO the HEART.

• The SEPTUM separates the right and left side of the heart.

• The AORTA is a large blood vessel that sends blood from the LEFT VENTRICLE to the body.

The cardiovascular system has 3 main functions:

1. Transport nutrients to the cells. 2. Transports waste away from

cells. 3. Transport white blood cells the

area of infection.

• Blood vessels that supply blood to the heart itself are called CORONARY ARTERIES.

• The pacemaker is found in the RIGHT ATRIUM, and person who has a slow or irregular heartbeat is sometimes given an ARTIFICIAL pacemaker.

• The VENA CAVA is a large blood vessel that RETURNS blood to the heart from the body.

• The PULMONARY VESSELS sends blood to the heart and back.

The Cardiovascular System

• CAPILLARIES are very small vessels that are where substances are exchanged in and out of our cardiovascular system.

• Our blood pressure is caused by the force of ventricles contracting.

• Blood pressure is measured with a SPHYGMOMANOMETER.

Is your blood under pressure?

• Normal blood pressure for a healthy adult: 120/80. –The 120 stands for: the force of

ventricles contracting–The 80 stands for: the force of the

heart relaxed

Blood

• PLASMA comprises 55% of our blood. 90% of plasma is water.

• BLOOD CELLS comprise 45% of our blood.

• Red blood cells carry OXYGEN to our cells.

• When blood flows into the right atrium from the body, it contains LITTLE oxygen and A LOT of carbon dioxide.

Blood

• White blood cells fight INFECTIONS. • Platelets help our blood to CLOT.

If a person did not have platelets in their blood CLOTTING could not take palce.

Cardiovascular Diseases

• The buildup of fat on the walls of arteries that can lead to heart attacks is called ATHEROSCLEROSIS.

• Another name for high blood pressure is HYPERTENSION.

• HEMOPHILIACS have a hard time getting their blood to clot.

• 90% of plasma is water.

• 10% of plasma is dissolved materials.

• The LEFT VENTRICLE is the strongest of the four chambers found in the heart.

The Cardiovascular System

Blood Types

• A, B, AB, and O• AB is the universal recipient, which means it

can receive blood in a transfusion from all types of blood donors.

• O is the universal donor which means it can donate blood to all types of recipients, however, O can only receive from O.

A=Red blood cell B=White blood cell

C=Platelet

Heart Structures & Functions

Structure FunctionAorta Carries blood from the left ventricle to the

bodyLeft Atrium Receives oxygen rich blood from the lungsRight ventricle Pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungsPacemaker Group of cells (in the RA) that send signals

to make the heart beat.Left ventricle Pumps oxygen-rich blood to the bodyRight Atrium Receives blood from the body. The blood

is low in oxygen and high in the waste product (carbon dioxide).

Septum Muscular wall that separates the left side of the heart from the right side. Prevents oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood from mixing in the heart.

What is what?

• A = Right atrium• B = Left atrium• C = Right

ventricle• D = Left ventricle• E = Septum