ship construction- ship dimensions

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Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh. SHIP CONSTRUCTION- SHIP DIMENSIONS

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Page 1: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

SHIP CONSTRUCTION-

SHIP DIMENSIONS

Page 2: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

Definitions and

Ship’S DimenSionS

Hull:

The structural body of a ship including shell plating, framing, decks and bulkheads.

Afterbody :

That portion of a ship’s hull abaft midships. Forebody:

That portion of a ship’s hull forward midships. Bow :

The forward of the ship

Stern :

The after end of the ship

8/23/2014 2 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 3: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

Length Overall

STARBOARD

Beam

PORT

bow midships bridge stern

8/23/2014 3 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 4: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

starboard bow

starboard beam

starboard quarter

Dead ahead Dead Stern

Port bow

Port beam

port quarter

8/23/2014 4 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 5: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

Port : The left side of the ship when looking forward

Starboard :

The right side of the ship when looking forward

8/23/2014 5 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 6: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

Length between perpendicular (LBP)

Length on waterline (LWL)

Length overall (LOA)

freeboard

Amidships

Aft

perpendicular Fwd

perpendicular

Sheer aft Sheer fwd

Summer load line

SHIP DIMENSIONS

Camber

Tumble home

Depth

Moulded beam

Rise of

floor Half siding of keel

Base line

Draft

8/23/2014 6 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 7: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

• After Perpendicular (A.P.): A perpendicular drawn to the waterline at the point where the aft side of the rudder post meets the summer load line. Where no rudder post is fitted it is taken as the centre line of the rudder stock.

• Forward Perpendicular (F.P.): A perpendicular drawn to the waterline at the point where the foreside of the stem meets the summer load line.

• Length Between Perpendicular (L.P.P. / L.B.P.): The length between the forward and the aft perpendiculars measured along the summer load line.

8/23/2014 7 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 8: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

• Amidships: A point midway between the after and forward perpendiculars

• Length Overall (L.O.A.): Length of the vessel taken over all extremities.

• Base line: A horizontal line drawn at the top of the keel plate. All vertical moulded dimensions are measured relative to this line

• Moulded beam: Measured at the midship section is the maximum moulded breadth of the ship

8/23/2014 8 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 9: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

• Moulded Draft/ Draught: The distance from the bottom of the keel to the waterline. The load draft is the maximum draft to which a vessel may be loaded

• Moulded Depth: Measured from the base line to the heel of the upper deck beam at the ship’s side a idships.

• Sheer: Curvature of decks in the longitudinal direction. Measured as the height of deck at side at any point above the height of deck at side amidships

8/23/2014 9 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 10: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

• Camber / Round of Beam: Curvature of decks in the transverse direction. Measured as the height of deck above the height of deck at side

• Rise of floor / Deadrise: The rise of the bottom shell plating line above the base line. This rise is measured at the line of moulded beam

• Half sliding of keel: The horizontal flat portion of the bottom shell measured to port or sta oa d of the ship’s lo gitudi al e t e line. This is useful dimension to know when dry-docking.

8/23/2014 10 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 11: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

• Tumble home: The inward curvature of the side shell above the summer load line.

• Freeboard: the vertical distance measured from the waterline to the top of the deck plating at the side of the deck amidships. Normally exposed to weather and sea.

• Flare: The outward curvature of the side shell above the waterline. It promotes dryness and is therefore associated with the fore end of ship

8/23/2014 11 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 12: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

Extreme Beam:

The maximum beam taken over all extremities.

Extreme Draft:

Taken from the lowest point of keel to the summer load line.

Draft marks represent extreme drafts.

Extreme Depth:

Depth of essel at ship’s side f o uppe de k to lo est poi t of keel.

Half Breadth:

Si e a ship’s hull is sy et i al a out the lo gitudi al centre line, often only the half beam or half breadth at any

section is given.

8/23/2014 12 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 13: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

SCANTLING The dimensions of the structural items

of a ship, e.g. frames, girders, plating , etc. INTERCOSTAL Composed of separate parts, non-continuous

8/23/2014 13 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 14: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

CENTER OF FLOATATION

It is the center of the waterplane area and is the

axis about which a ship changes trim.

CENTER OF BUOYANCY

It is the center of the underwater volume of the

ship where the force of buoyancy acts.

CENTER OF GRAVITY

It is the point at which the whole weight of the

object may be regarded as acting. If the object is

suspended from this point, it will remain balanced and

not tilt.

8/23/2014 14

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 15: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

TONNAGE MEASUREMENT

• This is often referred to when the size of the vessel is discussed, and the gross to age is uoted f o Lloyd’s egiste .

• Tonnage is a measure of the enclosed internal volume of the vessel, 100 cubic feet representing one ton

• Its normally divided into categories as follow:-

8/23/2014 15 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 16: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

1. Displacement Tonnage

• A ship’s displa e e t is the su of the ship’s a tual eight light eight a d it’s o te ts (deadweight).

• The metric unit of measurement is 1 tonne (= 1000 Kg).

• The displacement represents the amount of water displaced by the ship expressed in tonnes.

• The weight of water displaced therefore equals the weight of the ship

8/23/2014 16 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 17: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

TONNE PER CENTIMETRE (TPC)

It is the mass required to increase the mean draught by 1

centimetre.

LOAD DISPLACEMENT

The weight of the ship and its content, measured in

tonne. The value will vary according to the ship’s draught.

DEADWEIGHT SCALE

It is a scale diagram indicating the deadweight of the ship

at various draughts.

FORM COEFFICIENT

It is devised to show the relationship between the form of

the ship and the dimension of the ship.

8/23/2014 17 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 18: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

2. Lightweight Tonnage (LWT)

• The lightweight is the weight of the ship as built (hull, machinery) including boiler water, lubricating oil and the cooling water system.

• Lightweight like displacement is expressed in units of tones.

• It assumes importance in a commercial sense only when considering the value of the vessel which is to be broken up for scrape.

8/23/2014 18 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 19: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

3. Deadweight tonnage (DWT)

• Deadweight is the weight of the cargo

which a ship carries plus weights of fuel,

stores, water ballast, fresh water, crew

and passengers and baggage.

• It is the difference between the loaded

ship displacement and the lightweight.

8/23/2014 19 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 20: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

4. Gross Tonnage (GT)

• Measurement of total internal volume of

a vessel and includes all under deck

tonnage and all enclosed spaces above

tonnage deck.

• 100 cubic feet of space being considered

as 1 ton

8/23/2014 20 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 21: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

5. Nett Tonnage (NT)

• Ship measurement derived from gross

tonnage by deducting spaces allowed for crew

and propelling power.

• 100 cubic feet of space being reckoned as 1

ton

8/23/2014 21 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 22: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

Ship side markings

• LOAD LINE

The marking on the ship side that relate to the loading

condition of the ship termed as the load line mark.

• Load line mark

– consists of a ring 300 mm in outside diameter and 25

mm thick which is

– intersected by a horizontal line 450 mm in length and 25

mm thick, the upper edge of which passes

through the centre of the ring. The centre of the ring is

placed amidships and at a distance equal to the

assigned summer freeboard measured vertically below

the upper edge of the deck line.

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Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 23: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

8/23/2014 23 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 24: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

8/23/2014 24 Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 25: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

Sailing ship

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Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh.

Page 26: Ship Construction- Ship Dimensions

ANY QUESTION?

THANK YOU! 8/23/2014

Mohd. Hanif Dewan, Chief Engineer and

Maritime Lecturer & Trainer, Bangladesh. 26