sheffield archives and local studies: history key stage 2 unit 7 (local history study – how the...

Sheffield Archives and Local Studies: History Key Stage 2 Unit 7 (Local History Study – How the local area has changed over time)

History of Sheffield Lane Top

Population of Sheffield over the centuries…

1086

1901

2011

1600

1801

1851

150 - 200

552,700

161,475

60,095

3,000

451,195

Sheffield Lane Top

• Historically part of the parish of Ecclesfield.

• People rented land from the Lord of the Manor (at first the Earls of Shrewsbury and later the Dukes of Norfolk).

• The population was very small throughout Victorian times.

• Lane Top was a tiny hamlet, surrounded by fields, farmland and countryside.

• In the 1841 census, the most common jobs in Lane Top area were farmers, agricultural workers and fork makers.

Thomas Howard, Earl

of Arundel and Duke

of Norfolk (1585 - 1646)

(Sheffield Local Studies

Library Picture Sheffield:

s22507)

Satellite view of Sheffield Lane

Top today

(http://maps.google.co.uk/)

Map of Sheffield Lane

Top, 1890

(Sheffield Archives: OS

Map 288/12)

• The Pheasant Inn at Lane Top can be traced back to c. 1840s.

• It still stands today.

Pheasant Inn, Sheffield Lane

Top (above looking towards

Shiregreen, early 1900s; right,

1932)



V00708 and s13346)

1881 Census showing

Sheffield Lane Top,

Pheasant Inn etc.

(www.ancestry.com)

• Hatfield House was actually a small cluster of farm houses in Hatfield House Lane back in Victorian times.

• Who lived there back in 1881?

Hatfield House Farm, Hatfield

House Lane



s06386)

1881 Census showing

Sheffield Lane Top,

Hatfield House, etc.

(www.ancestry.com)

1881 Census showing

Sheffield Lane Top,

Hadfield House, etc.

(www.ancestry.com)

• What was the name of the farmer living at Paddock Farm in 1935?

Paddock Farm, Elm Lane

(showing horse “the King’s

Messenger”), c. 1910



u00511)

Sheffield Street Directory

(showing Elm Lane), 1935

(Sheffield Archives:

Searchroom Library)

Grand Country Houses in the area

• There were several large country houses in the area.

• Cliffe House, Elm Lane, was built in 1805.

• Who lived there in the 1880s?

Cliffe House, Elm Lane



s05981)

1881 Census

Showing Cliffe House,

Elm Lane

(www.ancestry.com)

• By 1934, Cliffe House was no longer a private home.

• Can you find out from the street directory what it was used for?

• In 1938 a Fire Station was built on its grounds.

• The house was demolished c. late 1950s to make way for a new fire station.

Sheffield Street Directory

(showing Elm Lane), 1935


Searchroom Library)

Cliffe House, Elm Lane



s25119)

• Norwood Hall was built c. 1713.

• Between 1775 and 1915 it became the home of the Wheat family.

• What did the Wheat Family do for a living?

Norwood Hall and Grounds,

Piper Lane/Longley Lane



s05689)

Sheffield Street

Directory (showing

Piper Lane), 1906


Searchroom Library)

• Between 1918 and 1959 Norwood Hall became known as “Bishopsholme”.

• Who do you think lived there?

• Sheffield City Council then used it as a care hostel (for people with disabilities).

• Norwood Hall was demolished in 1976.

Norwood Hall and Grounds



s05690)

Sheffield Street

Directory

(showing part of

Herries Road),

1935


Searchroom

Library)

• Norwood Grange, Longley Lane, was built in 1850s for Thomas Fisher, a partner in the Britannia metal manufacturing company of Shaw and Fisher.

• Norwood Grange was bought by Sheffield City Council just before the Second World War.

• During the war it was used as a base for the Fire Service and Air Raid Wardens.

• In the 1990s the house became Norwood Grange Residential Care Home.

Trade advert for Shaw and Fisher,

Manufacturers of Britannia Metal

(from Sheffield Directory), 1852

(Sheffield Archives: Searchroom Library)

Norwood Grange

Sale Catalogues

(following death of

Henry Fisher),

1888 - 1889


TC2094)

Sheffield Street

Directory (showing

Shiregreen), 1906


Searchroom Library)

• The Brushes was built in 1790 by John Booth, who made his wealth through iron and steel.

• Brushes Farm had stood on the site back in the 1640s and its owner, Captain Burley, was executed in 1646 for supporting the King against Parliament in the English Civil War.

• In 1920 the building became Firth Park Grammar School.

• It was demolished in 2002-2003 and Longley Park Sixth Form College now stands in its place.

The Brushes, Barnsley

Road, Firth Park



s05886)

• Crowder House, Barnsley Road, Longley, was home of the Wilkinson Family from c. 1400 until 1859 when solicitor Bernard Wake purchased it.

• It was demolished in 1937 and modern housing now stands in its place (on what is now Crowland Road).

• The house had large grounds, some of which became part of Longley Park.

Crowder House, Longley



u00471 and s05876)

• Longley Hall was built c. 1780 for the lawyer Kenyon Parker.

• Its lands were later bought for the Workhouse.

• The building still stands, owned by a private landlord and run as a care home.

Longley Hall, Longley Lane,

1958



y02136 )


Top, 1905


Map 288/12)

• In the 1920s and 1930s, as Sheffield grew rapidly, the area came within the boundary of Sheffield and was used as site for Council housing.

• This marked the end of rural life for the area.

Shiregreen housing estate

under construction, c. 1920s


Library Picture Sheffield: s12372 )

Longley housing estate, c. 1930

(Sheffield Local Studies Library

Picture Sheffield: s12368 )


Top, 1934


Map 288/12)

Map of Fir Vale area,

1905


Map 288/16)

Sheffield Union Workhouse

• In Victorian times, poor people needing help had to go into the Union Workhouse.

• The Sheffield Union Workhouse used to be based in an old cotton mill on Kelham Street, Sheffield (housed up to 600 inmates).

• With the Workhouse becoming increasingly overcrowded, in 1881 a new workhouse was built at Fir Vale (housed up to 1,662 inmates).

The poor in Sheffield, 1870



s03008)

Why was the workhouse built at Fir Vale?

Sheffield Daily Telegraph

Newspaper, Wed 5 May 1880


Library: Newspaper Collection)

Sheffield Union Workhouse,

Fir Vale, 1900



y02028)

• Conditions inside were very harsh.

• Families were split up and housed in different parts of the workhouse.

• Strict rules to follow.

• Inmates were made to work hard doing manual labour such as breaking up stones.

“Dr Hunt, medical officer to the Workhouse, informed the Sheffield Guardians that the task of the stone breakers should be reduced or their rations increased.”

Sheffield Local Register,

16 Sep 1896


Library: 942.74 S)

What was it like in the Workhouse?

Sheffield Union Workhouse,

Fir Vale, 1900



s00405)

• According to the newspaper headline about a court case at Sheffield Town Hall, what were two pauper inmates at the workhouse accused of?

Sheffield Evening

Telegraph Newspaper,

Wed 6 Jul 1887


Library: Newspaper

Collection)

Sheffield Union Workhouse

Punishment book entries,

1909

(Sheffield Archives: CA510/1)

Sheffield Union: Scattered Homes• In Sheffield, it was eventually decided that poor children should not

be made to go into the workhouse.• In 1893, the “scattered homes” system was used where, rather

than going into the workhouse, poor children were placed in foster homes ‘scattered’ across Sheffield.

• The central headquarters home was at Smilter Lane (now Herries Road).

“My visit [to The Scattered Homes] showed evidence of what a sympathetic system and humane instincts could accomplish – a shining contrast to the poor little tired, deserted ones who drag out a melancholy existence in the great workhouses of our land.”

Children of the State: Sheffield’s

Successful Experiment, 1898

(Sheffield Local Studies Library: 339.1S)

• What was name of the foster mother in charge at Sheffield Children’s Homes, headquarters on Herrie Road?

Sheffield Street

Directory (showing

part of Herries

Road), 1935


Searchroom Library) “A typical family’ in Sheffield

Union Scattered Homes’ for

poor children (149 and 151

Upperthorpe), 1890s

(Sheffield Local Studies Library

Picture Sheffield: y01176)

Map of Fir Vale area, 1934


Map 288/16)

St Cecilia’s Church, Parson’s

Cross, marriage register,

1939 - 1940

(Sheffield Archives: PR45/2/1)

• The new housing estates of the 1920s and 1930s soon faced a tough test.

• During the Second World War the area was hit by the Sheffield Blitz – when German enemy aircraft attacked the city.

• The worst bombing attacks happened in December 1940, killing over 700 people in Sheffield and destroying thousands of homes.

• But the Lane Top area withstood the attacks! Sheffield City Council: Emergency

Planning Department Second

World War bomb damage index

card for Herries Road, 1940 - 1941

(Sheffield Archives: X293/1/4)

Sheffield Civil Defence Department

list of people killed in the Sheffield

Blitz, 1940 - 1941

(Sheffield Archives: 2010/155)

Recap…• What did people do for jobs back in the area 100

years ago or more?

• What about if you lived in one of the big grand Victorian houses?

• What happened to very poor people who couldn’t look after themselves?

• What tough test did the

new housing estates of the

1920s and 1930s face

soon after being built?

Sheffield Archives and Local StudiesIf you would prefer to use this presentation as the basis for a class visit to Archives and Local Studies or in a visit by us to your class please contact us. Students will have the opportunity to see and touch the original items.

We offer:

• Access to original primary source material from Tudor times through to the 21st century.

• Class visits to the Central Library and to Sheffield Archives.

• Visits to schools to deliver classroom sessions.

• Introductory sessions for teaching staff.

• Online PowerPoint lesson resources.

• Focus Packs of colour facsimiles linked to the National Curriculum.

www.sheffield.gov.uk/archives

sheffield archives and local studies: history key stage 2 unit 7 (local history study – how the...

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