Shaping, Prompting, Fading

Shaping, Prompting, Fading

SpEd 690 ClassSpring, 2007

SpEd 690 ClassSpring, 2007

Pace, Iwata, Edwards, & McCosh

Pace, Iwata, Edwards, & McCosh

» Restraint Devices

» Risks

» Restraint Devices

» Risks

Pace, Iwata, Edwards, & McCosh

Pace, Iwata, Edwards, & McCosh

» Participants

» Previous treatments

» Participants

» Previous treatments

Pace, Iwata, Edwards, & McCosh

Pace, Iwata, Edwards, & McCosh

» Dependent Variable

» Measurement

» Dependent Variable

» Measurement

Pace, Iwata, Edwards, & McCosh

Pace, Iwata, Edwards, & McCosh

» Independent Variable:» Independent Variable:

Pace, Iwata, Edwards, & McCosh

Pace, Iwata, Edwards, & McCosh

» Results:» Results:

Berberich, Perloff, & Schaeffer

Berberich, Perloff, & Schaeffer

» Participants» Participants

Berberich, Perloff, & Schaeffer

Berberich, Perloff, & Schaeffer

» Target Behavior

» Description of training environment

» Target Behavior

» Description of training environment

Berberich, Perloff, & Schaeffer

Berberich, Perloff, & Schaeffer

» Successive Approximations» Step 1

» Step 2

» Step 3

» Successive Approximations» Step 1

» Step 2

» Step 3

Berberich, Perloff, & Schaeffer

Berberich, Perloff, & Schaeffer

» Step 4 » Step 4

Berberich, Perloff, & Schaeffer

Berberich, Perloff, & Schaeffer

» Results:» Results:

Howie & WoodsHowie & Woods

Experiment 1» Participants

» Behavior being shaped

Experiment 1» Participants

» Behavior being shaped

Howie & WoodsHowie & Woods

» Experimental Manipulations

» Measurement

» Results

» Experimental Manipulations

» Measurement

» Results

Howie & WoodsHowie & Woods

Experiment 2» Purpose

» Experimental Manipulations

» Results:

Experiment 2» Purpose

» Experimental Manipulations

» Results:

Howie & WoodsHowie & Woods

Experiment Three» Purpose

» Experimental Manipulations

» Results

Experiment Three» Purpose

» Experimental Manipulations

» Results

Isaacs, Thomas, & GoliamondIsaacs, Thomas, & Goliamond

» Participants» Participants

Isaacs, Thomas, & GoliamondIsaacs, Thomas, & Goliamond

Patient A» Target behavior

» Approximations reinforced

Patient A» Target behavior

» Approximations reinforced

Isaacs, Thomas, & GoliamondIsaacs, Thomas, & Goliamond

Patient B» Target behavior

» Approximations reinforced

Patient B» Target behavior

» Approximations reinforced

Isaacs, Thomas, & GoliamondIsaacs, Thomas, & Goliamond

» Generalization» Generalization

Gutentag & HammerGutentag & Hammer

» Participant» Participant

Gutentag & HammerGutentag & Hammer

» Parent Training Procedures» Parent Training Procedures

Gutentag & HammerGutentag & Hammer

» Assessment of food preferences

» Assessment of reinforcers

» Recording of food consumption

» Assessment of food preferences

» Assessment of reinforcers

» Recording of food consumption

Gutentag & HammerGutentag & Hammer

» Design:

» Reinforcement:

» Extinction:

» Design:

» Reinforcement:

» Extinction:

Gutentag & HammerGutentag & Hammer

» Results:» Results:

Frank & WackerFrank & Wacker

» Participants

» Dependent Variable

» Participants

» Dependent Variable

Frank & WackerFrank & Wacker

» Independent Variable» Independent Variable

Frank & WackerFrank & Wacker

» Design (to include phases)» Design (to include phases)

Frank & WackerFrank & Wacker

» Results» Results

DayDay

» Concerns about prompting:» Concerns about prompting:

DayDay

» Setting & Tasks:» Setting & Tasks:

DayDay

» Dependent Measure» Dependent Measure

DayDay

» Design & Procedure» Design & Procedure

DayDay

» Results» Results

Wolfe & CuvoWolfe & Cuvo

» Why is this research important?» Why is this research important?

Wolfe & CuvoWolfe & Cuvo

» Participants» Participants

Wolfe & CuvoWolfe & Cuvo

» Design

» Materials

» Design

» Materials

Wolfe & CuvoWolfe & Cuvo

» Procedure» Training

» Extra-stimulus prompting

» Within-stimulus prompting

» Procedure» Training

» Extra-stimulus prompting

» Within-stimulus prompting

Wolfe & CuvoWolfe & Cuvo

» Results & Discussion» Results & Discussion