SHAPES OF SHAPES OF GALAXIESGALAXIES

ALL THE SHAPES, SIZES ALL THE SHAPES, SIZES AND FACTS OF GALAXIES!AND FACTS OF GALAXIES!BY HELSBY HIGH SCHOOLBY HELSBY HIGH SCHOOL

INTRODUCTION - BETHINTRODUCTION - BETH

GALAXIES = GALAXIES = STARS (MILLIONS AND BILLIONS)STARS (MILLIONS AND BILLIONS)

PLANETS PLANETS

DARK MATTER. DARK MATTER.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF GALAXIES INCLUDING : DIFFERENT TYPES OF GALAXIES INCLUDING :

SPIRALSPIRAL

ELLIPTICALELLIPTICAL

IRREGULARIRREGULAR

LENTICULARLENTICULAR

SPIRAL GALAXIES – SARITASPIRAL GALAXIES – SARITA•Spiral galaxies are Spiral galaxies are rich in gas and dustrich in gas and dust

•The spiral structure is The spiral structure is associated with active associated with active star-forming regions.star-forming regions.

•Disked shaped with Disked shaped with spiralsspirals

•Often have bright Often have bright bulges in the centre bulges in the centre

•Contain interstellar Contain interstellar gas, nebulae, star gas, nebulae, star forming regions, open forming regions, open clusters and globular clusters and globular clustersclusters

IRREGULAR GALAXIES – JAYIRREGULAR GALAXIES – JAY

•Irregular galaxies – IRREGULAR!

•Ellipse or Spiral???????

•All Irregular galaxies are different!

•How can you tell if it’s Irregular or not then?

•Are they symmetrical?

•How are they formed?

•Are Irregular galaxies mistaken?

•What are those blobs?

•What are different ones called?

ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES - ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES - ALASTAIRALASTAIR•Elliptical galaxies are epsoidal in shape.

•They contain no spiral arms.

•They have very little interstellar gas or dust.

•They are often found in rich clusters of galaxies.

•They appear to be yellow-red unlike spiral galaxies which appear blue.

•Elliptical galaxies contain a similar amount of stars to spiral galaxies.

•They are known for their old, red stars.

•In general the centres of these galaxies emit high amounts of blue ultraviolet light.

CARTWHEEL GALAXIES - CARTWHEEL GALAXIES - NATHANNATHAN

•How are they formed?

Head on collusion

•How fast do they expand?

200,000mph

•What are the blue dots?

Lots of unborn stars

HUBBLE SEQUENCE -REIDHUBBLE SEQUENCE -REID

•The Hubble “Tuning Fork” diagram starts from the left.

•Developed by Edwin Hubble in 1936.

•Classification of galaxies.

DARK MATTER - TOMDARK MATTER - TOM• Most matter is darkMost matter is dark

• Can’t be detectedCan’t be detected

• Can’t be seen directlyCan’t be seen directly

• Indirectly from movements of Indirectly from movements of astronomical objectsastronomical objects

• Needed by gravityNeeded by gravity

• Large scale structuresLarge scale structures

CONCLUSION - WILLCONCLUSION - WILL

These are mainly the only galaxies we know of. These are mainly the only galaxies we know of. For all we know there may be many more!For all we know there may be many more!

There are millions of galaxies and lots of ways There are millions of galaxies and lots of ways of interpreting them!of interpreting them!

Thank you for listening. I hope you learnt Thank you for listening. I hope you learnt something and we hope you enjoyed it.something and we hope you enjoyed it.

Just Imagine What Might Just Imagine What Might Be Out There?Be Out There?