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Shallow Arctic Benthic Biology By: Madison Peters

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Shallow Arctic Benthic The Arctic Benthic is the bottom of the Arctic Ocean. The Shallow Arctic Benthic is anywhere on the bottom of the ocean from the shore to about 200 meters below the surface of the water.

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Organisms There are multiple types of organisms that live in the Arctic Benthic. The Meiobenthos, Macrobenthos, Infauna, and Epifauna. These categories of organisms either live or feed off the bottom organisms.

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Predators Some of the main species of predators that feed off of the benthos organisms include sea ducks, seals, walruses, and whales.

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Prey Some of the main organisms that are prey in the benthic include clams, sea cucumbers, crabs and seafloor plants.

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Material of the Floor The seafloor is made of different materials depending on the depth of the ocean. The sandy soft substrate, the muddy soft substrate, the hard substrate, and the secondary hard substrate.

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Conclusion In conclusion, the Arctic Marine Benthic Biology in the more shallow parts, is full of life, from coral reefs to narwhals and seals. The materials are very different from each other. If you want to learn more on this topic go to EOEarth and explore.EOEarth

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Bibliography Works Cited "Alaska's Coral Gardens: Arctic Science Journeys Radio." Alaska's Coral Gardens: Arctic Science Journeys Radio. Robert Stone and Ben Enticknap, n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2014. Arcric Ocean Diversity. Russ Hopcroft, n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2014. "Arctic Whales." WWF -. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2014. Baum, Steve, and C. Michel Hogan. "Benthos." Encyclopedia of Earth. Environmental Information Coalition and the National Council for Science and the Environment, n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2014. "Benthic Zones." N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2014. "Clam." N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2014. "Crab." N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2014. "Marine Ecology: Biological Responses to Changing Sea Ice and Hydrographic Conditions in the Pacific Arctic Region." Arctic Report Card. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2014. "Narwhals." N.p., n.d. Web. "Narwhals." N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2014. "Ocean Zones." N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2014. "On Location Under the Ice." MacGillivray Freeman Films. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2014. "Sea Bottom.", Arctic Ocean Biodiversity. Russ Hopcroft, n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2014. "Sea Cucumber." National Geographic. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2014. "Seal." N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2014. "Walrus." N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2014.

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Thank You I want to give a special thanks to Mr. Carl Ballantine for helping me with this project. And I wound also like to note that some of this pictures are shown in the power point. Thanks again.