SHAH JAHANTHE GREAT MUGHAL RULER

BY : ASTUTI

WHO WAS SHAH JAHAN ?Shah Jahan was the fifth Mughal Emperor of India. He is also known as Shah Jahan I. He ruled from 1628 until 1658. Born Prince Khurram, he was the son of Emperor Jahangir and his Hindu Rajput wife, Taj Bibi Bilqis Makani.

Born: January 5, 1592, Lahore, Pakistan

Died: February 1, 1666, Agra

Full name: A'la Azad Abul Muzaffar Shahab ud-Din Mohammad Shah Jahan

Spouse: Arjumand Banu (m. 1612–1631)

Parents: Jahangir, Taj Bibi Bilqis Makani

Children: Aurangzeb, Jahanara Begum Sahib, Dara Shikoh, more

SHAH JAHAN ‘ S RULE

At a young age, he was chosen as successor to the throne after the death of his father in 1627. He is considered one of the greatest Mughals. His rule has been called the Golden Age of the Mughal empire and one of the most prosperous ages of Indian civilization. Like Akbar, he was eager to expand his vast empire. In 1658, he fell ill and was confined by his own son, Aurangzeb in Agra fort, until his death. His daughter , Jahanara , cared for him in his last days. He died in 1666.

SHAH JAHAN ‘S REIGN

Unlike his father and his grandfather, Shah Jahan was an orthodox and pious Muslim. Upon his accession, he adopted new policies which steadfastly reversed Akbar's generally liberal treatment of non-Muslims. In 1633, his sixth renal year, Shah Jahan began to impose sharia provisions against construction or repair of churches and temples and subsequently ordered the demolitions of newly built Hindu temples. He celebrated Islamic festivals with great pomp and grandeur and with an enthusiasm unfamiliar to his predecessors. Long-dormant royal interest in the Holy Cities also revived during his reign.

SHAH JAHAN ‘S ARCHITECTURE

The Moti Masjid, Agra and many other buildings in Agra, the Red Fort and the Jama Masjid in Delhi, mosques in Lahore, extensions to Lahore Fort and a mosque in Thatta also commemorate him. The fabled Peacock Throne, said to be worth millions of dollars by modern estimates, also dates from his reign. He was also the founder of the new imperial capital called Shahjahanabad, now known as Old Delhi. Other important buildings of Shah Jahan‘ s rule were the Diwan-i-Am and Diwan-i-Khas in the Red Fort Complex in Delhi and the Moti Masjid in the Lahore Fort. Shah Jahan is also believed to have had a very refined taste in the arts and architecture, and is credited with having commissioned about 999 gardens in Kashmir, his favourite summer residence. A few of these gardens survive, attracting millions of tourists every year

TAJ MAHAL

The Taj mahal is a white marble mausoleum located in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. It was built by Shah Jahan in memory of his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal. The Taj Mahal is widely recognized as "the jewel of Muslim art in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world's heritage“ Taj mahal also means “ the crown of palaces ”. The Black Taj Mahal is a legendary black marble mausoleum that is said to have been planned to be built across the Yamuna River opposite the Taj Mahal . Shah Jahan is widely believed to have desired a mausoleum for himself similar to that of the one he had built for Mumtaz Mahal.

THE PEAKOCK THRONE

The Peacock Throne was a famous jewelled throne that was the seat of the Mughal emperors of India. It was commissioned in the early 17th century by emperor Shah Jahan and was located in the Red Fort of Delhi. The original throne was subsequently captured and taken as a war trophy in 1739 by the Persian ruler Nader Shah, and has been lost ever since. A replacement throne based on the original was commissioned afterwards and existed until the Indian rebellion of 1857.

HIS PARENTSJahangir Father

Taj Bibi Bilqis Makani Mother

HIS SONSDara Shikoh

Aurangzeb

HIS DAUGHTERSRoshnara Begum

jahanara Begum

HIS BROTHERS Sheharyar

Khusrau Mirza

SHAH JAHAN ‘ S DEATH

• Why : Shah Jahan died because of old age and of a deadly sickness.

• When : Shah Jahan died on January 22, 1666 at the age of 74.

• Where ?????????????????????????????????????????????

• Who : shah jahan

• How : sickness + old = death of shah jahan

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