sfu win32 console tools

SFU Win32 Console Tools

This document lists the key Windows Services For UNIX utilities that can run

from a Windows command prompt.

autodfs

NAME

autodfs - Windows command-line utility to read automount maps and create

Distributed File System (DFS) links

SYNOPSISautodfs -r DfsRoot [-p DfsPath] -v AutomountFile

DESCRIPTION

The autodfs Windows command-line utility uses information in UNIX files

called automount maps to create DFS links. The file must follow the format shown

below. You must also use the Windows DFS administrative tools to create the DFS root

before you run autodfs.

The autodfs command accepts the following arguments and options:

-r DfsRoot

Specifies the name of the DFS root to which you want to add DFS links.

-p DfsPath

Specifies a node of the DFS root under which links to automount entries

are created. If DfsPath is not specified, automount links are created under the

DFS root.

-v

Turns on verbose output to display status messages.

AutoMountFile

The path to the automount file.

Automount file format

The lines in the automount file must follow this format:

MountPoint flags ServerPathToShare

MountPoint

The name of the file or volume to which you want to create a link.

flags

If flags are included in the file, they must be preceded by a minus sign (-).

The autodfs command ignores all flags.

ServerPathToShare

The path to the network file system (NFS) share.

basename

NAME

basename - Windows command-line utility to return file-name portion of path

name

SYNOPSISbasename string [suffix]

DESCRIPTION

The basename Windows command-line utility treats the string argument as a

path name. The string is converted to the file name corresponding to the last path-name

component in string, and then the suffix string, if present, is removed. The basename

command does this by performing actions equivalent to the following steps, in order:

1. If string consists entirely of a combination of slash (/) or backslash (\) characters,

string is set to the last character in string, and the remaining steps are skipped.

2. If there are any trailing slash or backslash characters in string, they are removed.

3. If there are any slash or backslash characters remaining in string, the prefix of

string up to and including the last slash or backslash character in string is

removed.

4. If the suffix operand is present, is not identical to the characters remaining in

string, and is identical to a suffix of the characters remaining in string, the suffix

string is removed from the end of string. Otherwise, string is not modified by this

step. It is not considered an error if suffix is not found in string.

The resulting string is written to standard output.

The basename(1w) command exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.

bgjob

NAME

bgjob - Windows command-line utility to run programs in the background

through Telnet Server

SYNOPSISbgjob {-h | command }

DESCRIPTION

The bgjob(1w) Windows command-line utility starts a process on a computer

running Telnet Server that continues to run after you end your Telnet session. Normally,

jobs started in a Telnet session are terminated when the session ends.

The bgjob utility takes the following arguments:

command

Specifies the command (and any required arguments) that should continue

to run after the Telnet session has closed.

-h

Displays help for the bgjob utility.

EXAMPLE

To start a Windows command that locates all dynamic-link libraries on the C:

drive and records the results in a file, type:

bgjob cmd.exe /c dir /b /s c:\*.dll > %temp%\dll.lst

cat

NAME

cat - Windows command-line utility to concatenate and print files

SYNOPSIScat [-benstuv] [file ...]

DESCRIPTION

The cat(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

cat(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The file argument

must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more information, see cat(1).

chgrp

NAME

chgrp - Windows command-line utility to change group

SYNOPSISchgrp [-fhR] group file...

DESCRIPTION

The chgrp(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the

Interix chgrp(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The file

argument must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more information, see

chgrp(1).

chmod

NAME

chmod - Windows command-line utility to change file modes

SYNOPSISchmod [-R] mode file ...

DESCRIPTION

The chmod(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the

Interix chmod(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The file


chmod(1).

chown

NAME

chown - Windows command-line utility to change file owner and group

SYNOPSISchown [-fhR] [owner][:group] file ...

DESCRIPTION

The chown(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the

Interix chown(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The file


chown(1).

cp

NAME

cp - Windows command-line utility to copy files

SYNOPSIScp [-Rr] [-fip] src target

cp [-Rr] [-fip] src1 ... srcN directory

DESCRIPTION

The cp(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

cp(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The source_file,

target_file, and target_directory arguments must use Windows file-name and path

syntax. For more information, see cp(1).

cron

NAME

cron - Windows command-line utility to control Cron service

SYNOPSIScron [-install | -remove | -start | -stop | -help]

DESCRIPTION

The cron(1w) Windows command-line utility controls the Cron service, which

runs commands at specified dates and times.

The following arguments determine the action that the cron utility takes:

-install

Adds Cron service to the list of available Windows services.

-remove

Removes Cron service from the list of available Windows services.

-start

Starts (activates) Cron service.

-stop

Stops (deactivates) Cron service.

-help

Displays usage information.

SEE ALSO

Using Cron

crontab(1w)

crontab

NAME

crontab - Windows command-line utility to schedule periodic jobs to run in the

background

SYNOPSIScrontab [file] [-p]

crontab [-e|-l|-r] [-p]

DESCRIPTION

The crontab(1w) Windows command-line utility creates or changes your crontab

file. The crontab file contains a list of commands along with notation indicating when

each command is to be run. You can add the crontab file with one specified by file (or

standard input if you do not specify file), or you can use the command crontab -e to edit

the file directly.

You must be logged on as a member of the Administrators group to run the

crontab(1w) utility unless an administrator has given you cron privileges by placing your

user name in the cron.allow file or if your user name does not appear in the cron.deny file

and cron.allow does not exist.

The crontab(1w) utility takes the following options:

-e

Edits your crontab file; if there is no file, creates an empty one to edit.

-l

Lists your crontab file.

-r

Removes your crontab file.

-p

Prompts for and stores your password to run your tasks.

Format of the crontab file

A crontab file contains instructions to the Windows-based Cron service in the

form: at this time and day, run this command. Users who are allowed to run jobs that use

the Cron service have their own crontab file, which is located in %systemroot

%System32\Drivers\Etc\Cron\Crontabs.

Lines that begin with the number sign (#) are comments, which the Cron service

ignores. Do not include a comment on the same line as a command because it is treated as

part of the command.

A crontab command line consists of five time or date fields, each field separated

by spaces, and a sixth field, the command, completing the line. The command-line form

is as follows:

minute hour day_of_month month day_of_week command_string

Allowed field values

Except for the command string, you must specify all values as numeric; do not

use month and day names. The following values are allowed for the specified fields:

Field Allowed values

minute 0-59

hour 0-23

day_of_month 1-31

month 1-12

day_of_week 0-6 (corresponding to Sunday through Saturday)

A field can also be an asterisk (*), which matches any allowed value for the field.

For example, an asterisk in the day_of_week field matches any day of the week.

You can express values as a combination of lists (1,3,7) and ranges (8-10). For

example, "0-6,9,12,15,18-23" in the hour field would start a command hourly beginning

at midnight until 6:00, every three hours from 9:00 to 15:00, and then hourly again from

18:00 until 23:00. Expressing the value as a step formula is not supported.

The command field specifies the command that the Cron Service should run.

Everything following the day_of_week field is the command line, which is run by the

Windows command shell (Cmd.exe).

Note

Setting environment variables in the Windows crontab file is not supported.

Example crontab entries

# run at 14:15 on the first of every month

15 14 1 * * C:\cronjobs\monthlyjob.cmd

# run five minutes after midnight, every day

5 0 * * * C:\cronjobs\dailymidnight.cmd >> C:\cronlogs\

dailymidnight.log

# run at 22:00 on weekdays to back up customer data

0 22 * * 1-5 xcopy \customer h:\backup\customer /s /e /k /i

SEE ALSO

Using Cron

cron(1w)

cut

NAME

cut - Windows command-line utility to cut out the selected fields of each line of a

file

SYNOPSIScut -b list [-n] [-] | [file...]

cut -c list [-] | [file...]

cut -f list [-d delim] [-s] [-] | [file...]

DESCRIPTION

The cut(1w) utility cuts out bytes (-b option), characters (-c option), or character-

delimited fields (-f option) from each line in one or more files, concatenates them, and

writes them to the standard output.

The option-argument list must be a comma-separated list of positive numbers and

ranges. Ranges can be expressed in three forms. The first is two positive numbers

separated by a hyphen (-) (low-high), which represents all fields from the first number to

the second number. The second is a positive number preceded by a hyphen (-high), which

represents all fields from field number 1 to that number. The third is a positive number

followed by a hyphen (low-), which represents that number to the last field. The elements

in the list can be repeated, overlapped, and specified in any order.

OPTIONS

The cut utility supports the following options:

-b

Cuts based on a list of bytes. Each selected byte is the output unless the -n

option is also specified. It is not an error to select bytes absent in the input line.

-c

Cuts based on a list of characters. Each selected character is the output. It

is not an error to select characters absent in the input line.

-d

Sets the field delimiter to the character delim. The default is the TAB

character.

-f

Cuts based on a list of fields, assumed to be separated in the file by a

delimiter character (see the -d option). Each selected field is the output. Output

fields are separated by a single occurrence of the field-delimiter character. Lines

with no field delimiter are passed through intact unless the -s option is specified.

It is not an error to select fields absent in the input line.

-n

Does not split characters. When the -n option is specified with the -b

option, each element in list of the form low-high (hyphen-separated numbers) is

modified as follows:

If the byte selected by low is not the first byte of a character, low is

decremented to select the first byte of the character originally selected by

low.

If the byte selected by high is not the last byte of a character, high is

decremented to select the last byte of the character prior to the character

originally selected by high, or zero if there is no prior character.

If the resulting range element has high equal to zero or low greater than

high, the list element is dropped from list for that input line without

causing an error.

Each element in list of the form low- is treated as above, with high set to

the number of bytes in the current line, not including the terminating

newline character.

Each element in list of the form -high is treated as above, with low set to 1.

Each element in list of the form num (a single number) is treated as above

with low set to num and high set to num.

-s

When used with the -f option, -s suppresses lines with no delimiter

characters. Unless specified, lines with no delimiters are passed through

untouched.

DIAGNOSTICS

Possible exit-status values are:

0

Successful completion

1

Failure

date

NAME

date - Windows command-line utility to set or display date and time

SYNOPSISdate [-u] [-r seconds] [+format]

date [-u] -t [[[[[CC]yy]mm]dd]HH]MM[.SS] [+format]

date [-u] [+format] mmddHHMM[yy]

DESCRIPTION

The date(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

date(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. For more

information, see date(1).

diff

NAME

diff - Windows command-line utility to give the differences of two files

SYNOPSISdiff [-c | -e | -f | -C n] [-br] file1 file2

DESCRIPTION

The diff(1w) utility compares the contents of file1 and file2 and writes a list of

changes necessary to convert file1 into file2 to the standard output. No output is produced

if the files are identical.

The diff utility supports the following options:

-b

Causes any amount of white space at the end of a line to be treated as a

single newline character (that is, the white-space characters preceding the newline

character are ignored); the other strings of white-space characters, except newline

characters, compare as equal.

-c

Produces output in a form that provides three lines of context.

-C

Produces output in a form that provides n lines of context (where n is

interpreted as a positive decimal integer).

-e

Produces output in a form suitable as input for the ed utility, which can be

used to convert file1 into file2.

-f

Produces output in an alternative form, similar in format to the -e option,

but unsuitable as input for the ed utility, and in the opposite order.

-r

Applies diff recursively to files and directories of the same name when

file1 and file2 are both directories.

DIAGNOSTICS


0


1

Failure

SEE ALSO

sdiff(1w)

dirname

NAME

dirname - Windows command-line utility to return directory portion of path name

SYNOPSISdirname string

DESCRIPTION

The dirname(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the

Interix dirname(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The

string argument must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more information, see

dirname(1).

dos2unix

NAME

dos2unix - Windows command-line utility to convert text files with MS-DOS-

specific end-of-line (EOL) characters to UNIX-specific EOL characters

SYNOPSISdos2unix {-h | [infile [outfile]]}

DESCRIPTION

The dos2unix(1w) Windows command-line utility converts files that use MS-

DOS-specific end-of-line (EOL) characters to files that use UNIX-specific EOL

characters. MS-DOS uses CR and LF as the EOL character; UNIX uses LF.

The dos2unix command accepts the following option and arguments:

-h

Displays usage information about the command.

infile

The MS-DOS file to be converted. If infile and outfile are not specified,

the program takes input from standard input and sends it to standard output.

outfile

The UNIX output file. If outfile is not specified, the program sends output

to standard output.

Caution

The infile and outfile arguments must specify different files. Otherwise, the

resulting file will be empty.

SEE ALSO

unix2dos(1w)

du

NAME

du - Windows command-line utility to displays disk usage

SYNOPSISdu [-a | -s] [-k] [-x] [-r] [file...]

DESCRIPTION

The du(1w) utility displays the number of blocks for a specified file. If the file

operand is a directory, du displays the number of blocks occupied by the files in the

directory, and recursively for all directories within the specified directory.

When du cannot access files or directories, it reports an error (if the -r option is

specified), and the final exit status is affected. By default, file size is written in 512-byte

units, rounded up to the next 512-byte unit.

The du utility supports the following options:

No option

Reports the size of the directory, and recursively for all directories within

the specified file.

-a

In addition to the default output, the -a option reports the size of each file,

including the files in the subdirectories of the specified file. Regardless of the

presence of the -a option, nondirectories given as file operands are always listed.

-k

Writes the file size in 1,024-byte units, rather than the default 512-byte

units.

-r

Generates messages about files and directories that cannot be accessed.

-s

Reports the total sum for each of the specified files instead of the default

output.

-x

Evaluates only those files that have the same device as file.

DIAGNOSTICS


0


1

Failure

grep

NAME

grep, egrep, fgrep - Windows command-line utility file-pattern searcher

SYNOPSISgrep [-F|-E] [-c|-l|-q] [-hinosvx] -e pattern_list

[-f pattern_file] ... [file ...]

grep [-F|-E] [-c|-l|-q] [-hinosvx] [-e pattern_list]

-f pattern_file ... [file ...]

grep [-F|-E] [-c|-l|-q] [-hinosvx] pattern_list

[-f pattern_file ...] [file ...]

DESCRIPTION

The grep(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

grep(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The pattern_file and

file arguments must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more information, see

grep(1).

find

NAME

find - Windows command-line utility to walk a file hierarchy

SYNOPSISfind [-L|-P] [-DdHhiXx] [-f file] file [file...] [expression]

DESCRIPTION

The find(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

find(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The file argument

must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more information, see find(1).

gwshare

NAME

gwshare - Windows command-line utility to manage Gateway for NFS shares

SYNOPSISgwshare

gwshare delete {-a | devicename}

gwshare add -d drivename -n networkresource -s sharename

[-c comment] [-u users] [-m {yes | no}]

[-l {euc-jp|euc-tw|euc-kr|shift-jis|big5|ksc5601|gb2312-

80|ansi]

DESCRIPTION

The gwshare Windows command-line utility adds, lists, and deletes Gateway for

NFS shares.

When used without arguments, gwshare lists all shares.

To remove a specific share, use gwshare delete devicename, where devicename

specifies the drive letter mapped to a Gateway for NFS share. To remove all shares, use

gwshare delete -a.

To create a new share, use gwshare add with the following arguments and

options:

-d drivename

Specifies the drive on which to mount the network file system (NFS)

share.

-n networkresource

Specifies the NFS server and path in universal naming convention (UNC)

format: \\server\share

-s sharename

Specifies the name of the share. Windows clients will be able to access the

gateway through this share name. Thus, if the name of the share is NFSfiles and

the name of the computer running Gateway for NFS is \\gway, Windows clients

will access it as \\gway\NFSfiles.

-c comment

Specifies optional text to display when information about the share is

displayed.

-u users

Specifies the maximum number of users permitted on the share.

-m {yes|no}

Allows or disallows Windows users who do not have accounts mapped to

UNIX accounts by User Name Mapping to access files in the NFS directory.

-l {euc-jp|euc-tw|euc-kr|shift-jis|big5|ksc5601|gb2312-80|ansi}

Specifies the default encoding used for file and directory names and, if

used, must be set to one of the following:

ansi

big5 (Chinese)

euc-jp (Japanese)

euc-kr (Korean)

euc-tw (Chinese)

gb2312-80 (Simplified Chinese)

ksc5601 (Korean)

shift-jis (Japanese)

If this option is set to ansi on systems configured for non-English locales,

the encoding scheme is set to the default encoding scheme for the locale. The

following are the default encoding schemes for the indicated locales:

Japanese: SHIFT-JIS

Korean: KS_C_5601-1987

Simplified Chinese: GB2312-80

Traditional Chinese: BIG5

NOTES

To view the complete syntax for this command, at a command prompt, type:

gwshare /?

The EUC is an encoding scheme that is used to represent multibyte characters in

UNIX. You should enable the EUC set if NFS users using Japanese UNIX

systems can access files on this server.

SEE ALSO

Using Gateway for NFS Configuration

head

NAME

head - Windows command-line utility to display first lines of a file

SYNOPSIShead [-b | -c | -k | -n num] [ file...]

DESCRIPTION

The head(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

head(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The file argument

must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more information, see head(1).

iconv

NAME

iconv - Windows command-line utility to convert encoded characters to another

code set

SYNOPSISiconv -f fromCode -t toCode [-s char] [file...]

iconv -l

DESCRIPTION

The iconv Windows command-line utility converts the encoding of characters in

file from one coded character set to another, and writes the results to standard output.

The input and output coded character sets are identified by fromCode and toCode.

If the file argument is not specified on the command line, the iconv command reads the

standard input. The result of specifying invalid characters in the input stream is that the

input value is translated to the substitute character. If no conversion exists for a particular

character, it is converted to the substitute character in the target code set.

The iconv utility accepts the following options and arguments:

-f fromCode

Specifies the input code set.

-t toCode

Specifies the output code set.

-s char

Specifies the character to substitute for characters that do not exist in the

output code set. Default is underscore (_).

file...

One or more files that contain the data to be converted.

-l

Displays a list of supported code sets.

kill

NAME

kill - Windows command-line utility to terminate or signal the specified processes

SYNOPSISkill -s signalname pid...

kill -p -s signalname pattern

kill -l

kill [-signalname] pid...

kill -p [-signalname] pattern

kill [-signalnumber] pid...

kill -p [-signalnumber] pattern

DESCRIPTION

The kill(1w) utility terminates or signals the specified processes. It terminates

only the parent process; it does not affect the child processes.

To run this version of kill, on the command line, type kill.exe.

To terminate a process, you might need to have the Debug Programs (SeDebug)

privilege. For information about how to grant this permission, refer to the Windows

operating system documentation.

OPTIONS

The kill utility supports the following options:

-l

Writes all values of supported signal names and their corresponding signal

numbers.

-s signalname

Specifies the signal to send, using one of the symbolic names. Values of

signalname are recognized in a case-independent fashion.

-signalname

Equivalent to -s signalname.

-signalnumber

Specifies a non-negative decimal integer, signalnumber, to kill.

-p

Accepts process names as pattern.

SIGNALS

The kill utility supports the following signals:

9

SIGKILL

15

SIGTERM

PATTERN

The kill utility supports the wildcard characters asterisk (*) and question mark (?)

in the pattern. If pattern is specified instead of process identifiers (PIDs), the -p option

must also be specified.

DIAGNOSTICS


0


1

Failure

SEE ALSO

ps(1w)

sleep(1w)

top(1w)

wait(1w)

ln

NAME

ln - Windows command-line utility to link files

SYNOPSISln [-fs] source_file target_file

ln [-fs] source_file... target_dir

DESCRIPTION

The ln(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

ln(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The source_file,

target_file, and target_dir arguments must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For

more information, see ln(1).

ls

NAME

ls - Windows command-line utility to list directory contents

SYNOPSISls [-aAbcCdFfgilkLmnopqrRstTu1] [file...]

DESCRIPTION

The ls(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

ls(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The file argument must

use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more information, see ls(1).

mapadmin

NAME

mapadmin - Windows command-line utility to manage User Name Mapping

SYNOPSIS

mapadmin [server] [-u usr [-p pword]]

mapadmin [server] [-u usr [-p pword]] {start | stop}

mapadmin [server] [-u usr [-p pword]] config [option...]

mapadmin [server] [-u usr [-p pword]] add -wu WindowsUser

-uu UNIXUser [-setprimary]

mapadmin [server] [-u usr [-p pword]] add -wg WindowsGroup

-ug UNIXGroup [-setprimary]

mapadmin [server] [-u usr [-p pword]] setprimary -wu WindowsUser

[-uu UNIXUser]

mapadmin [server] [-u usr [-p pword]] setprimary -wg WindowsGroup

[-ug UNIXGroup]

mapadmin [server] [-u usr [-p pword]] delete option[...]

mapadmin [server] [-u usr [-p pword]] list option[...]

mapadmin [server] [-u usr [-p pword]] backup filename

mapadmin [server] [-u usr [-p pword]] restore filename

mapadmin [server] [-u usr [-p pword]] adddomainmap -d

WindowsDomain

{-y NISDomain [-n nisServer] | -f path}

mapadmin [server] [-u usr [-p pword]] removedomainmap

-d WindowsDomain -y NISDomain

mapadmin [server] [-u usr [-p pword]] removedomainmap -all

mapadmin [server] [-u usr [-p pword]] listdomainmaps

DESCRIPTION

The mapadmin Windows command-line utility administers User Name Mapping

on the local computer or on a remote computer. If you are logged on with an account that

does not have the privileges required to administer User Name Mapping on the computer,

you can specify a user name and password of an account that does.

In addition to specific command arguments, mapadmin accepts the following

arguments and options:

server

Specifies the remote computer you want to administer.

-u usr

Specifies the user name of the user whose credentials are to be used. It

might be necessary to add the domain name to the user name in the form domain\

username.

-p pword

Specifies the password of the user. If you specify the -u option but omit

the -p option, you are prompted for the user's password.

The specific action that mapadmin performs depends on the command argument

you specify:

start

Starts the User Name Mapping service.

stop

Stops the User Name Mapping service.

config

Specifies general settings for User Name Mapping. The following options

are available with this command argument:

-d domain

Specifies the Windows domain name to be used for simple mapping.

Although this option continues to be supported for the sake of compatibility with

earlier version, you should use adddomainmap instead.

-y nisDomain

Specifies the Network Information Service (NIS) domain to be used for

simple mapping. Although this option continues to be supported for the sake of

compatibility with earlier version, you should use adddomainmap instead. The

following option is available with this option:

-n nisServer

Specifies the NIS server for the NIS domain specified with the -y option.

-r dddd:hh:mm

Specifies the refresh interval for updating from the Windows and NIS

databases in days, hours, and minutes. The minimum interval is 5 minutes.

-f path

Specifies the path where PCNFS passwd and group files are located.

-i yes | no

Turns simple mapping on (yes) or off (no). By default, simple mapping is

on.

add

Creates a new mapping for a user or group. The following options are

available with this command argument:

-wu name

Specifies the name of the Windows user for which a new mapping is being

created.

-uu name

Specifies the name of the UNIX user for which a new mapping is being

created.

-wg group

Specifies the name of the Windows group for which a new mapping is

being created.

-ug group

Specifies the name of the UNIX group for which a new mapping is being

created.

-setprimary

Specifies that the new mapping is the primary mapping.

setprimary

Specifies which mapping is the primary mapping for a UNIX user or

group with multiple mappings. The following options are available with this

command argument:

-wu name

Specifies the Windows user of the primary mapping. If more than one

mapping for the user exists, use the -uu option to specify the primary mapping.

-uu name

Specifies the UNIX user of the primary mapping.

-wg group

Specifies the Windows group of the primary mapping. If more than one

mapping for the group exists, use the -ug option to specify the primary mapping.

-ug group

Specifies the UNIX group of the primary mapping.

delete

Removes the mapping for a user or group. The following options are

available for this command argument:

-wu user

The Windows user for whom the mapping will be deleted, specified as

WindowsDomain\UserName. You must specify either the -wu or the -uu option,

or both. If you specify both options, the particular mapping identified by the two

options will be deleted. If you specify only the -wu option, all mappings for the

specified user will be deleted.

-wg group

The Windows group for which the mapping will be deleted, specified as

WindowsDomain\GroupName. You must specify either the -wg or the -ug option,

or both. If you specify both options, the particular mapping identified by the two

options will be deleted. If you specify only the -wg option, all mappings for the

specified group will be deleted.

-uu user

The UNIX user for whom the mapping will be deleted, specified as

UserName. You must specify either the -wu or the -uu option, or both. If you

specify both options, the particular mapping identified by the two options will be

deleted. If you specify only the -uu option, all mappings for the specified user

will be deleted.

-ug group

The UNIX group for which the mapping will be deleted, specified as

GroupName. You must specify either the -wg or the -ug option, or both. If you

specify both options, the particular mapping identified by the two options will be

deleted. If you specify only the -ug option, all mappings for the specified group

will be deleted.

list

Displays information about user and group mappings. The following

options are available with this command argument:

-all

Lists both simple and advanced mappings for users and groups.

-simple

Lists all simple mapped users and groups.

-advanced

Lists all advanced mapped users and groups. Maps are listed in the order

in which they are evaluated. Primary maps, marked with an asterisk (*), are listed

first, followed by secondary maps, which are marked with a carat (^).

-wu name

Lists the mapping for a specified Windows user.

-wg group

Lists the mapping for a Windows group.

-uu name

Lists the mapping for a UNIX user.

-ug group

Lists the mapping for a UNIX group.

backup

Saves User Name Mapping configuration and mapping data to the file

specified by filename.

restore

Replaces configuration and mapping data with data from the file (specified

by filename) that was created using the backup command argument.

adddomainmap

Adds a simple map between a Windows domain and an NIS domain or

PCNFS passwd and group files. The following options are available for this

command argument:

-d WindowsDomain

Specifies the Windows domain to be mapped.

-y NISDomain

Specifies the NIS domain to be mapped.

-n nisServer

Specifies the NIS server for the NIS domain specified with the -y option.

-f path

Specifies the fully qualified path of directory containing the PCNFS

passwd and group files to be mapped. The files must be located on the computer

being managed, and you cannot use mapadmin to manage a remote computer to

set up maps for PCNFS users and groups.

removedomainmap

Removes a simple map between a Windows domain and an NIS domain.

The following options and argument are available for this command argument:

-d WindowsDomain

Specifies the Windows domain of the map to be removed.

-y NISDomain

Specifies the NIS domain of the map to be removed.

-all

Specifies that all simple maps between Windows and NIS domains are to

be removed. This will also remove any simple map between a Windows domain

and PCNFS passwd and group files.

listdomainmaps

Lists the Windows domains that are mapped to NIS domains or PCNFS

passwd and group files.

If you do not specify a command argument, mapadmin displays the current

settings for User Name Mapping.

For all options that specify a user or group name, the following formats can be

used:

For Windows users, use the form domain\username, \\computer\username, \

computer\username, or computer\username

For Windows groups, use the form domain\groupname, \\computer\groupname, \

computer\groupname, or computer\groupname

For UNIX users, use the form NISdomain\username, username@NISdomain,

PCNFS@username, or PCNFS\username

For UNIX groups, use the form NISdomain\groupname, groupname@NISdomain,

PCNFS@groupname, or PCNFS\groupname

Common options

The following options and arguments can be used with any subcommand:

server

Specifies the remote computer you want to administer.

-u usr



username.

-p pword

Specifies the password of the user. If you specify the -u option but omit

the -p option, you are prompted for the user's password.

SEE ALSO

User Name Mapping

mkdir

NAME

mkdir - Windows command-line utility to make directories

SYNOPSISmkdir [-p] [-m mode] directory_name...

DESCRIPTION

The mkdir(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the

Interix mkdir(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The

directory_name argument must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more

information, see mkdir(1).

more

NAME

more - Windows command-line utility to display file on crt terminal

SYNOPSIS

more [-ceisu] [-p command] [-P str] [-n number] [-t tag] [-x tabs]

[-/pattern] [-#] [file... ]

DESCRIPTION

The more(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

more(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The file argument

must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more information, see more(1).

mount

NAME

mount - Windows command-line utility to mount network file system (NFS)

network shares

SYNOPSISmount [-o option[...]] [-u:username] [-p:password | *]

[{\\computername\sharename | computername:/sharename}]

[devicename | *]

DESCRIPTION

The mount Windows command-line utility mounts the file system identified by

sharename exported by the NFS server identified by ComputerName and associates it

with the drive letter specified by DeviceName or, if an asterisk (*) is used, by the first

available driver letter. Users can then access the exported file system as though it were a

drive on the local computer. When used without options or arguments, mount displays

information about all mounted NFS file systems.

The mount utility is available only if Client for NFS is installed.

The following options and arguments can be used with the mount utility.

-u:username

Specifies the user name to use for mounting the share. If username is not

preceded by a backslash (\), it is treated as a UNIX user name.

-p:password

The password to use for mounting the share. If you use an asterisk (*), you

will be prompted for the password.

-o rsize=[buffersize]

Sets the size in kilobytes of the read buffer. Acceptable values are 1, 2, 4,

8, 16, and 32; the default is 32 KB.

-o wsize=[buffersize]

Sets the size in kilobytes of the write buffer. Acceptable values are 1, 2, 4,

8, 16, and 32; the default is 32 KB.

-o timeout=[seconds]

Sets the time-out value in seconds for a remote procedure call (RPC).

Acceptable values are 0.8, 0.9, and any integer in the range 1-60; the default is

0.8.

-o retry=[number]

Sets the number of retries for a soft mount. Acceptable values are integers

in the range 1-10; the default is 1.

-o mtype=[soft | hard]

Sets the mount type (default is soft). Regardless of the mount type, mount

will return if it cannot immediately mount the share. Once the share has been

successfully mounted, however, if the mount type is hard, Client for NFS will

continue to try to access the share until it is successful. As a result, if the NFS

server is unavailable, any Windows program trying to access the share will appear

to stop responding, or "hang," if the mount type is hard.

-o anon

Mounts as an anonymous user.

-o nolock

Disables locking (default is enabled).

-o casesensitive

Forces file lookups on the server to be case sensitive.

-o fileaccess=mode

Specifies the default permission mode of new files created on the NFS

share. Specify mode as a three-digit number in the form ogw, where o, g, and w

are each a digit representing the access granted the file's owner, group, and the

world, respectively. The digits must be in the range 0-7 with the following

meaning:

0: No access

1: x (execute access)

2: w (write access)

3: wx

4: r (read access)

5: rx

6: rw

7: rwx

Interix utilities and applications do not use these default permissions when

creating a file on the NFS share. Instead, they set permissions according to the

user's default mode settings as set by the umask(1) utility.

-o lang={euc-jp|euc-tw|euc-kr|shift-jis|big5|ksc5601|gb2312-80|ansi}



ansi

big5 (Chinese)

euc-jp (Japanese)

euc-kr (Korean)

euc-tw (Chinese)


ksc5601 (Korean)


If this option is set to ansi on systems configured for non-English locales,

the encoding scheme is set to the default encoding scheme for the locale. The

following are the default encoding schemes for the indicated locales:

Japanese: SHIFT-JIS




NOTES

If you make a persistent connection with mount, you must use umount(1w) to

delete the connection. Neither the net use command nor Microsoft Windows Explorer

will delete these connections.

You cannot use mount to create a persistent connection using PCNFS

authentication. Before attempting to use mount with PCNFS authentication, at a

Windows command prompt, type the command net use /persistent:no to disable

persistent connections.

SEE ALSO

Map a network drive

mv

NAME

mv - Windows command-line utility to move files

SYNOPSISmv [-fi] source target

mv [-fi] source ... directory

DESCRIPTION

The mv(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

mv(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The source, target,

and directory arguments must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more

information, see mv(1).

nfsadmin

NAME

nfsadmin - Windows command-line utility to manage Server for NFS, Client for

NFS, and Gateway for NFS

SYNOPSIS

Server for NFS syntax

nfsadmin server [computer] [-u user [-p pwd]]

nfsadmin server [computer] [-u user [-p pwd]] -l

nfsadmin server [computer] [-u user [-p pwd]] -r {client | all}

nfsadmin server [computer] [-u user [-p pwd]] {start | stop}

nfsadmin server [computer] [-u user [-p pwd]] config option[...]

nfsadmin server [computer] [-u user [-p pwd]] creategroup name

nfsadmin server [computer] [-u user [-p pwd]] listgroups

nfsadmin server [computer] [-u user [-p pwd]] deletegroup name

nfsadmin server [computer] [-u user [-p pwd]] renamegroup oldname

newname

nfsadmin server [computer] [-u user [-p pwd]] addmembers name

host[...]

nfsadmin server [computer] [-u user [-p pwd]] listmembers

nfsadmin server [computer] [-u user [-p pwd]] deletemembers group

host[...]

Client for NFS syntax

nfsadmin client [computer] [-u user [-p pwd]] {start | stop}

nfsadmin client [computer] [-u user [-p pwd]] config option[...]

Gateway for NFS syntax

nfsadmin gw [computer] [-u user [-p pwd]] {start | stop}

nfsadmin gw [computer] [-u user [-p pwd]] config option[...]

DESCRIPTION

The nfsadmin Windows command-line utility administers Server for NFS, Client

for NFS, or Gateway for NFS on the local computer or on a remote computer. If you are

logged on with an account that does not have the required privileges, you can specify a

user name and password of an account that does. The action performed by nfsadmin

depends on the command arguments you specify.

In addition to service-specific command arguments and options, nfsadmin

accepts the following:

computer

Specifies the remote computer you want to administer. You can specify

the computer using a Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) name or a Domain

Name System (DNS) name, or by Internet Protocol (IP) address.

-u user



username

-p pwd

Specifies the password of the user specified using the -u option. If you

specify the -u option but omit the -p option, you are prompted for the user's

password.

Administering Server for NFS

Use the nfsadmin server command to administer Server for NFS. The specific

action that nfsadmin server takes depends on the command option or argument you

specify:

-l

Lists all locks held by clients.

-r {client | all}

Releases the locks held by client or, if all is specified, by all clients.

start

Starts the Server for NFS service.

stop

Stops the Server for NFS service.

config

Specifies general settings for Server for NFS. You must supply at least

one of the following options with the config command argument:

auditlocation={eventlog | file | both | none}

Specifies whether events will be audited and where the events will be

recorded. One of the following arguments is required.

eventlog

Specifies that audited events will be recorded only in the Event Viewer

application log.

file

Specifies that audited events will be recorded only in the file specified by

config fname.

both

Specifies that audited events will be recorded in the Event Viewer

application log as well as the file specified by config fname.

none

Specifies that events will not be audited.

fname=file

Sets the file specified by file as the audit file. The default is %sfudir%\log\

nfssvr.log

fsize==size

Sets size as the maximum size in megabytes of the audit file. The default

maximum size is 7 MB.

audit=[+|-]mount [+|-]read [+|-]write [+|-]create [+|-]delete [+|-]locking

[+|-]all

Specifies the events to be logged. To start logging an event, type a plus

sign (+) before the event name; to stop logging an event, type a minus sign (-)

before the event name. If the sign is omitted, the plus sign is assumed. Do not use

all with any other event name.

lockperiod=seconds

Specifies the number of seconds that Server for NFS will wait to reclaim

locks after a connection to Server for NFS has been lost and then reestablished or

after the Server for NFS service has been restarted.

enabletcp={yes | no}

Specifies whether the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) protocol will

be supported. The default setting is yes.

enableV3={yes | no}

Specifies whether NFS version 3 protocols will be supported. The default

setting is yes.

renewauth={yes | no}

Specifies whether client connections will be required to be reauthenticated

after the period specified by config renewauthinterval. The default setting is no.

renewauthinterval=seconds

Specifies the number of seconds that elapse before a client is forced to be

reauthenticated if config renewauth is set to yes. The default value is 600

seconds.

dircache=size

Specifies the size in kilobytes of the directory cache. The number

specified as size must be a multiple of 4 between 4 and 128. The default directory-

cache size is 128 KB.

translationfile=[file]

Specifies a file containing mapping information for replacing characters in

the names of files when moving them from Windows- to UNIX-based file

systems. If file is not specified, then file-name character translation is disabled.

For more information on file-name character translation and the format of this

file, see File-name character translation. If the value of translationfile is changed,

you must restart the server for the change to take effect.

dotfileshidden={yes | no}

Specifies whether files that are created with names beginning with a

period (.) will be marked as hidden in the Windows file system and consequently

hidden from NFS clients. The default setting is no.

casesensitivelookups={yes | no}

Specifies whether directory lookups will be case sensitive (that is, require

exact matching of character case. When casesensitivelookups is set to yes (the

default), ntfscase is always set to preserve.

ntfscase={lower | upper | preserve}

Specifies whether the case of characters in the names of files in the NTFS

file system will be returned in lowercase, uppercase, or in the form stored in the

directory. The default setting is preserve. This setting cannot be changed if

casesensitivelookups is set to yes.

creategroup name

Creates a new client group, giving it the specified name.

listgroups

Displays the names of all client groups.

deletegroup name

Removes the client group specified by name.

renamegroup oldname newname

Changes the name of the client group specified by oldname to newname

addmembers name host[...]

Adds host to the client group specified by name.

listmembers name

Lists the host computers in the client group specified by name.

deletemembers group host[...]

Removes the client specified by host from the client group specified by

group.

To display the current Server for NFS configuration settings, specify only

nfsadmin server; do not specify a command option or argument.

Administering Client for NFS

Use the nfsadmin client command to administer Client for NFS. The specific

action that nfsadmin client takes depends on the command argument you specify:

start

Starts the Client for NFS service.

stop

Stops the Client for NFS service.

config

Specifies general settings for Client for NFS. You must supply at least one

of the following options with the config command argument:

fileaccess=mode

Specifies the default permission mode of new files created on the NFS

share. Specify mode as a three-digit number in the form ogw, where o, g, and w

are each a digit representing the access granted the file's owner and group and the

world, respectively. The digits must be in the range 0-7 with the following

meaning:

0: No access

1: x (execute access)

2: w (write access)

3: wx (write and execute access)

4: r (read access)

5: rx (read and execute access)

6: rw (read and write access)

7: rwx (read, write, and execute access)

mtype={hard | soft}

Specifies the default mount type. For a hard mount, Client for NFS

continues to retry a failed RPC until it succeeds. For a soft mount, Client for NFS

returns failure to the calling application after retrying the call the number of times

specified by the retry option.

preferTCP={yes | no}

If set to yes, specifies that TCP is the preferred transport protocol; if set to

no (the default), specifies that User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is the preferred

transport protocol.

retry=number

Specifies the number of times to try to make a connection for a soft

mount. This value must be from 1 to 10, inclusive. The default is 1.

timeout=seconds

Specifies the number of seconds to wait for a connection (remote

procedure call). This value must be 0.8, 0.9, or an integer from 1 to 60, inclusive.

The default is 0.8.

rsize=size

Specifies the size, in kilobytes, of the read buffer. This value can be 0.5, 1,

2, 4, 8, 16, or 32. The default is 32.

wsize=size

Specifies the size, in kilobytes, of the write buffer. This value can be 0.5,

1, 2, 4, 8, 16, or 32. The default is 32.

perf=default

Restores the following performance settings to default values:

mtype

preferTCP

retry

timeout

rsize

wsize

fileaccess=mode

Specifies the default permission mode for files created on network file

system (NFS) servers. The mode argument consists of a three digits from 0 to 7

(inclusive) representing the default permissions granted the user, group, and

others (respectively). The digits translate to UNIX-style permissions as follows:

0=none, 1=x, 2=w, 3=wx, 4=r, 5=rx, 6=rw, and 7=rwx. For example,

fileaccess=750 gives rwx permission to the owner, rx permission to the group,

and no access permission to others.

To display the current Client for NFS configuration settings, specify only

nfsadmin client; do not specify an option or argument.

Administering Gateway for NFS

Use the nfsadmin gateway command to administer Gateway for NFS. The

specific action that nfsadmin gateway takes depends on the command argument you

specify:

start

Starts the Gateway for NFS service.

stop

Stops the Gateway for NFS service.

config

Specifies general settings for Gateway for NFS. You must supply at least

one of the following options with the config command argument:

fileaccess=mode

Specifies the default permission mode for files created on NFS servers.

The mode argument consists of a three digits from 0 to 7 (inclusive) representing

the default permissions granted the user, group, and others (respectively). The

digits translate to UNIX-style permissions as follows: 0=none, 1=x, 2=w, 3=wx,

4=r, 5=rx, 6=rw, and 7=rwx. For example, fileaccess=750 gives rwx permission

to the owner, rx permission to the group, and no access permission to others.

To display the current Gateway for NFS configuration settings, specify only

nfsadmin gateway; do not specify an option or argument..

SEE ALSO

Server for NFS

Client for NFS

Gateway for NFS

nfsshare

NAME

nfsshare - Windows command-line utility to control network file system (NFS)

shares

SYNOPSISnfsshare [sharename]

nfsshare /delete {sharename | drive:path | * }

On computers running Windows Server 2003 family, use:

nfsshare [-o option=value...] sharename[=drive:path]

On computers running Windows 2000 or Windows XP, use:

nfsshare [-o option=value...] sharename=drive:path

DESCRIPTION

Without arguments, the nfsshare Windows command-line utility lists all network

file system (NFS) shares exported by Server for NFS. With sharename as the only

argument, nfsshare lists the properties of the NFS share identified by sharename. On

computers running Windows Server 2003 family, options supplied with sharename

modify properties of the existing NFS share identified by sharename. (On other versions

of Windows, the properties of existing shares cannot be changed.) When sharename and

drive:path are provided, nfsshare exports the folder identified by drive:path as

sharename. When the /delete option is used, the specified folder is no longer made

available to NFS clients.

OPTIONS

The nfsshare command accepts the following options and arguments:

-o

Sets an option with a specified value. The option argument can be one or

more of the following:

anon={yes | no}

Specifies whether anonymous (unmapped) users can access the shared

directory. The default is no.

anonuid=uid

Specifies that anonymous (unmapped) users will access the share directory

using uid as their user identifier (UID). The default is -2. The anonymous UID

will be used when reporting the owner of a file owned by an unmapped user, even

if anonymous access is disabled.

anongid=gid

Specifies that anonymous (unmapped) users will access the share directory

using gid as their group identifier (GID). The default is -2. The anonymous GID

will be used when reporting the owner of a file owned by an unmapped user, even

if anonymous access is disabled.

encoding={big5|euc-jp|euc-kr|euc-tw|gb2312-80|ksc5601|shift-jis}



big5 (Chinese)

euc-jp (Japanese)

euc-kr (Korean)

euc-tw (Chinese)


ksc5601 (Korean)


If this is option is not set, the default encoding scheme is ANSI or, on

systems configured for non-English locales, the default encoding scheme for the

locale. The following are the default encoding schemes for the indicated locales:

Japanese: SHIFT-JIS




{big5|euc-jp|euc-kr|euc-tw|gb2312-80|ksc5601|shift-jis}=host[:host]...

For individual client computers and client groups, specifies the default

encoding used for file and directory names. See the encoding option for more

information. This option is available only on Windows Server 2003 family.

na

Specifies that no client or group is granted access to the NFS share unless

you explicitly grant it access. This option is available only on Windows

Server 2003 family.

noroot[=host[:host]...]

Denies root access to the shared directory by the clients or client groups

specified by host. Separate client and group names with a colon (:). If you do not

specify a host, root access is denied to all clients and groups for which you do not

explicitly grant root access. See "Notes" for more information about how options

interact when you create a shared directory. This option is available only on

Windows Server 2003 family.

removeclient=host[:host]...

Removes the specified clients from the list of permissions of the shared

directory. Separate client and group names with a colon (:). This option is

available only on Windows Server 2003 family.

ro[=host[:host]...]

Provides read-only access to the shared directory by the clients or client

groups specified by host. Separate client and group names with a colon (:). If you

do not specify a host, read-only access is granted to all clients and groups for

which you do not explicitly grant or deny access. When creating a shared

directory, if you set the ro option for one or more clients but do not set the rw

option, only the clients specified with the ro option can access the shared

directory. See "Notes" for more information about how options interact when you

create a shared directory.

root[=host[:host]...]

Provides root access to the shared directory by the clients or client groups

specified by host. Separate client and group names with a colon (:). If you do not

specify a host, root access is granted to all clients and groups for which you did

not explicitly deny root access. If you do not set the root option when exporting a

folder, no clients have root access to the shared directory. See "Notes" for more

information about how options interact when you create a shared directory.

rw[=host[:host]...]

Provides read/write access to the shared directory by the clients or client

groups specified by host. Separate client and group names with a colon (:). If you

do not specify a host, read/write access is granted to all clients and groups for

which you do not explicitly grant or deny access. When creating a shared directly,

if you set neither the ro nor the rw option, all clients have read-only access to the

shared directory. See "Notes" for more information about how options interact

when you create a shared directory.

/delete

If sharename or drive:path is specified, deletes the specified share.

NOTES

To view the complete syntax for this command, at a command prompt, type:

nfsshare /?

When you create a shared directory, the default permissions that you assign to

client computers depends on the combination of options used when you export the

folder. The following table details some of the combinations of default

permissions that you can set when you create a shared directory. When you use

nfsshare to modify an existing shared directory, only the specified properties are

changed.

Options Permissions

(None) All clients: read-only

-o root All clients: read-only

-o noroot All clients: read-only

-o ro=hosthost: read-only

All other clients: no access

-o rw=hosthost: read/write


-o root=hosthost: read/write

All other clients: read-only

-o noroot=host host: read/write


-o root ro=hosthost: read-only


-o noroot ro=hosthost: read-only


-o root rw=hosthost: read/write


-o noroot rw=hosthost: read/write


-o root root=hosthost: read/write


-o noroot noroot=hosthost: read/write


-o rw=host1 root=host2 noroot=host3

host1: read/write

host2: read/write

host3: read/write


-o root=host1 root=host2 noroot=host3 host1: read/write

host2: read/write

host3: read/write


SEE ALSO

Share a directory

Stop sharing a directory

nfsstat

NAME

nfsstat - Windows command-line utility to display or reset counts of calls made to

Server for NFS

SYNOPSISnfsstat [-z]

DESCRIPTION

When used without the -z option, the nfsstat Windows command-line utility

displays the number of NFS V2, NFS V3, and Mount V3 calls made to the server since

the counters were set to 0, either when the service started or when the counters were reset

using nfsstat -z.

nice

NAME

nice - Windows command-line utility to invoke a utility with a specific priority

SYNOPSISnice [-n increment] utility [argument...]

nice [-increment] utility [argument...]

DESCRIPTION

The nice(1w) utility invokes a utility with a scheduling priority if the user has the

appropriate permission. (Scheduling priority is computed based on the base priority of the

calling process and the specified increment.) If the user lacks the appropriate permission

to increase the scheduling priority, a warning message is written to the standard error but

will not prevent the invocation of the utility or affect the exit status.

To use nice, the user must have permission to increase scheduling priority. For

information about how to grant this permission, refer to the Windows operating system

documentation.

OPTIONS

The nice utility supports the following option:

-n

Specifies how to adjust the scheduling priority of the utility.

ARGUMENTS

The nice utility supports the following arguments:

increment

The increment is a positive or negative decimal integer that is used to

modify the scheduling priority of the utility. Positive increment values cause a

lower or unchanged scheduling priority. Negative increment values cause a higher

or unchanged scheduling priority and require appropriate permissions.

utility

The name of the utility to be invoked.

argument

Any string to be supplied as an argument when invoking utility.

DIAGNOSTICS


0


1

Failure

126

The utility was found but could not be invoked.

127

The utility could not be found.

Note

The scheduling priority is computed based on the base priority of the calling

process and the increment specified. The utility is invoked with this resultant

priority. If the resultant priority value exceeds the range (that is, it is above real

time (32) or below idle (0)), utility is invoked with real-time or idle priority, as

appropriate, and displays a warning message.

EXAMPLES

nice -n -3 myprog.exe

If the default base priority is normal (inherited from the calling process),

myprog.exe is invoked with above-normal priority, subject to the user having appropriate

permissions.

nice -n 3 myprog.exe

If the default base priority is normal (inherited from the calling process),

myprog.exe is invoked with below-normal priority.

nice -n -18 myprog.exe

If the default base priority is high (inherited from the calling process), myprog.exe

is invoked with real-time priority, subject to the user having appropriate permissions.

SEE ALSO

renice(1w)

nis2ad

NAME

nis2ad - Windows command-line utility to migrate maps from Network

Information Service (NIS) to Active Directory directory service

SYNOPSISnis2ad.exe -y NIS_Domain -a AD_domain [options] mapfile

DESCRIPTION

The nis2ad Windows command-line utility transfers the entries in the Network

Information Service (NIS) map source file specified by mapfile located in the UNIX NIS

domain specified by NIS_domain to the Active Directory domain specified by

AD_domain. NIS map source files are the plain text files from which the NIS map

databases are compiled.

The -m option must be specified to perform the actual migration; otherwise,

nis2ad performs the actions it would perform in an actual migration without actually

changing Active Directory, including logging any conflicting entries.

The nis2ad utility accepts the following options and arguments:

-d directoryname

Specifies the name of the directory that contains NIS map source files.

-s server

Specifies the domain controller server hosting Active Directory;

otherwise, uses the current server.

-u user

Specifies the name of a user having administrator permissions on this

computer; otherwise, uses the current user.

-p password

If a password is needed but is not specified, nis2ad prompts the user for

the password.

-f logfile

Specifies the name of the log file. The log file must be on your local

computer. The default is %sfudir%\nis\nis2ad.log.

-c conflictfile

Specifies the file where conflict details are written. The default is %sfudir

%\nis\conflicts.log.

-r {yes|no}

Replaces the object in Active Directory with the object being migrated.

The default is no.

-n

Resolves conflicts by changing the Windows account name in Active

Directory. If objects of different types have the same name, the name of both

objects is changed before the data is migrated.

-t targetContainer

Specifies the target container name. Applicable only when creating a new

NIS domain. If not specified, uses default or uses the container of the target

domain.

-m

Performs the migration. If this option is omitted, the program finds and

reports conflicts, but does not actually perform the migration.

-h/-?

Displays usage information for the command.

Note

The currently logged on user must have write permissions for the folder that will

contain the log and conflict files, even if another user is specified with the -u

option. If necessary, modify the permissions on the folder to grant write access to

the user who will be running the nis2ad utility before running the utility.

SEE ALSO

Server for NIS

nisadmin

NAME

nisadmin - Windows command-line utility to administer Server for NIS

SYNOPSISnisadmin [computer] [-u usr [-p pword]]

nisadmin [computer] [-u usr [-p pword]] mkmaster -d domain

nisadmin [computer] [-u usr [-p pword]] mkslave -d domain -m

server

nisadmin [computer] [-u usr [-p pword]] config option[...]

nisadmin [computer] [-u usr [-p pword]] syncall

nisadmin [computer] [-u usr [-p pword]] start

nisadmin [computer] [-u usr [-p pword]] stop

nisadmin [computer] [-u usr [-p pword]] pause

nisadmin [computer] [-u usr [-p pword]] continue

nisadmin [computer] [-u usr [-p pword]] encryptiontype

-d domain {crypt | md5}

DESCRIPTION

The nisadmin Windows command-line utility administers Server for NIS on the

local computer or on a remote computer. If you are logged on with an account that does

not have the required privileges, you can specify a user name and password of an account

that does. The action performed by nisadmin depends on the command argument you

supply.

In addition to specific command arguments, nisadmin accepts the following

options and arguments:

computer


the computer using a WINS or DNS name, or by Internet Protocol (IP) address.

-u usr



username.

-p pword



password.

The specific action that nisadmin performs depends on the command argument

you specify:

mkmaster

Changes a subordinate (also known as slave) server to a master server.

The following option and argument are required when you use mkmaster:

-d domain

Specifies the name of the domain for which the change is being made.

mkslave

Changes a master server to a subordinate (slave) server. The following

options and arguments are required when you use mkslave:

-d domain

Specifies the name of the domain for which the change is being made.

-m server

Specifies the name of the domain controller to be promoted to master

server.

config

Configures service parameters. You must supply one or more of the

following options when you use config:

pushint=[[days:]hh:]mm

Specifies the interval at which the service checks changes to Network

Information Service (NIS) maps in Active Directory and propagates them to

secondary NIS servers for all domains, in days, hours, and minutes. If hh is

specified, hh must be in the range 0-23 and mm must be in the range 0-59.

logging={n[ormal] | v[erbose]}

Specifies the amount of information to be available in event logs. Specify

normal (or n) to log only failure events; specify verbose (or v) to log failure,

warning, and success events.

syncall

Synchronizes changed maps with subordinate servers immediately.

start

Starts the Server for NIS service.

stop

Stops the Server for NIS service.

pause

Pauses the Server for NIS service.

continue

Continues running the Server for NIS service.

encryptiontype

Specifies the method used to encrypt UNIX passwords for the specified

domain. For domains whose UNIX computers are all running Linux with MD5

encryption, this value can be md5. For domains containing one or more UNIX

computers running any other operating system or encryption method, this value

must be crypt (the default). All computers in the domain must use the same

method.

If you do not supply a command argument, nisadmin displays the current Server

for NIS settings.

SEE ALSO

Server for NIS

nismap

NAME

nismap - Windows command-line utility to manage Network Information Service

(NIS) maps

SYNOPSISnismap add [common_option[...]] -e "mapentry"

[-r {yes | no}] [-c conflictfile] mapname

nismap mod [common_option[...]] -e "mapentry" -k key mapname

nismap del [common_option[...]] -k key mapname

nismap create [common_option[...]] -i fieldnum -g separator [-y]

mapname

DESCRIPTION

The nismap Windows command-line utility manages the Network Information

Service (NIS) map specified by mapname maintained by Server for NIS on a local

computer or a remote computer. If you are logged on with an account that does not have

the required privileges, you can specify the user name and password of an account that

does. The specific action that nismap performs depends on the command argument you

specify.

In addition to specific command arguments, nismap accepts the following

common options and arguments, represented by common_option in the command

synopsis:

-a AD_domain

The name of the NIS domain in Active Directory. This option is not

available for the create command argument.

-f logfile

Specifies the fully qualified path and name of the log file. Logged events

are appended to this file. The default path and file name is %temp%\conflicts.log.

-s server

Specifies the name of the domain controller. The default is the domain

controller of the domain of the computer on which the command is executed.

-u usr



username.

-p pword



password.

-h/-?

Displays usage information for the command.

The following command arguments are accepted by nismap:

add

Adds a map entry. The following options and arguments are used with

add:

-e "mapentry"

Specifies the new map entry as a string in the appropriate NIS map format.

The string must be enclosed in quotation marks (" ").

-r {yes | no}

Specifies whether the existing object in Active Directory is to be replaced

with this entry. The default is no.

-c conflictfile

Specifies the name of the file in which conflict information is to be

recorded. If this option is not provided, a default file name is used.

mod

Modifies an existing map entry. The following options and arguments are

required with mod

-e "mapentry"

Specifies the replacement map entry as a string in the appropriate NIS map

format. The string must be enclosed in quotation marks (" ").

-k key

Specifies the search key that identifies the map entry to be modified.

del

Deletes an existing map entry. The following option and argument are

required with del:

-k key

Specifies the search key that identifies the map entry to be deleted.

create

Creates a structure for a nonstandard map. The following options and

arguments are required with create:

-i fieldnum

Specifies the field number of the key field.

-g separator

Specifies the character that separates fields in the map.

-y

Specifies that the key is not part of the value for this map.

NOTES

When you use nismap to delete a user, group, or host object, only the UNIX

attributes of the object are deleted from Active Directory. To delete the object

from Active Directory, use the Active Directory administration tools.

Do not use nismap to change a user's password. Use net.exe or the Windows

interface (CTRL+ALT+DELETE) instead. The nismap utility will fail if you

change the passwd entry using the nismap mod command. This value is the

encrypted string of the user's password. If you need to change the passwd entry,

use ypcat(1w) or ypmatch(1w) to retrieve the user's current passwd entry and to

ensure that the password field is identical.

If you try to modify a mail alias using the nismap mod command, Server for NIS

adds the new alias to the original one instead of replacing it. To change the alias,

first use nismap del to delete the original alias, and then use nismap add to add

the modified alias.

SEE ALSO

Server for NIS

od

NAME

od - Windows command-line utility to dump specified files in specified formats

SYNOPSISod [-v] [-A addressbase] [-j skip] [-N count] [-t typestring...]

[-] | [file...]

od [-bcdosx] [-] | [file] [[+]offset[.][b]]

DESCRIPTION

The od(1w) utility writes the contents of its input files to the standard output in a

user-specified format.

The od utility copies sequentially each input file to the standard output,

transforming the input data according to the output types specified by the -t or the -

bcdosx options. If no output type is specified, the default output is as if -t o2 has been

specified.

The type-specifier character a specifies that bytes be interpreted as named

characters from the International Reference Version (IRV) of the International

Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission (ISO/IEC)

646:1991 standard. Only the least significant seven bits of each byte are used for this type

specification. Bytes with the values listed in the following table are written using the

corresponding names for those characters.

Va

lue

Na

me

Va

lue

Na

me

Va

lue

Na

me

Va

lue

Na

me

/

000

Nu

l

/

001

so

h

/

002stx

/

003etx

/

004

Eo

t

/

005

en

q

/

006

ac

k

/

007bel

/

010Bs

/

011ht

/

012

lf

or nl

/

013vt

/

014ff

/

015cr

/

016so

/

017si

/

020

Dl

e

/

021

dc

1

/

022

dc

2

/

023

dc

3

/

024

Dc

4

/

025

na

k

/

026

sy

n

/

027etb

/

030

Ca

n

/

031em

/

032

su

b

/

033esc

/

034Fs

/

035gs

/

036rs

/

037us

/

040Sp

/

177del

The /012 value can be written either as lf or nl.

The type-specifier character c specifies that bytes be interpreted as characters.

Printable multibyte characters are written in the area corresponding to the first byte of the

character. Two asterisks (**) are written in the area corresponding to each remaining byte

in the character, as an indication that the character is continued. When either the -j skip or

-N count option is specified along with the c type specifier, and this results in an attempt

to start or finish in the middle of a multibyte character, the result is unspecified.

The input data is manipulated in blocks, where a block is defined as a multiple of

the least common multiple of the number of bytes, transformed by the specified output

types. If the least common multiple is greater than 16, the results are unspecified. Each

input block is written as transformed by each output type, one per written line, in the

order that the output types were specified. If the input block size is larger than the

number of bytes transformed by the output type, the output type sequentially transforms

the parts of the input block. The output from each of the transformations is separated by

one or more blank characters.

If, as a result of the specification of the -N option or end-of-file being reached on

the last input file, input data only partially satisfies an output type, the input is extended

sufficiently with null bytes to write the last byte of the input.

Unless -A n is specified, the first output line produced for each input block is

preceded by the input offset, and is cumulative across input files of the next byte to be

written. The format of the input offset is unspecified. It will not contain any blank

characters, however. It starts at the first character of the output line, and is followed by

one or more blank characters. In addition, the offset of the byte following the last byte

written will be written after all the input data has been processed, but will not be followed

by any blank characters.

If the -A option is not specified, the input offset base is unspecified.

OPTIONS

The od utility supports the following options:

-A addressbase

Specifies the input offset base. The addressbase option-argument is a

character. The options d, o, and x specify that the offset base be written in

decimal, octal, or hexadecimal, respectively. The n option specifies that the offset

not be written.

-b

Interprets bytes in octal. This is equivalent to t-o1.

-c

Interprets bytes as characters specified by the current setting of the

LC_CTYPE category. Certain nongraphic characters appear as C escapes: NUL=\

0, BS=\b, FF=\f, NL=\n, CR=\r, HT=\t. Others appear as three-digit octal

numbers.

-d

Interprets words (two-byte units) in unsigned decimal format. This is

equivalent to t-u2.

-j skip

Jumps over skip bytes from the beginning of the input. The od utility reads

or seeks past the first skip bytes in the concatenated input files. If the combined

input is not at least skip bytes long, od writes a diagnostic message to the standard

error and exits with a nonzero exit status.

By default, the skip option-argument is interpreted as a decimal number.

With a leading 0x or 0X, offset is interpreted as a hexadecimal number.

Otherwise, with a leading 0, offset is interpreted as an octal number. Appending

the option b, k, or m to offset causes it to be interpreted as a multiple of 512,

1,024 or 1,048,576 bytes, respectively. If the skip number is hexadecimal, any

appended b is considered to be the final hexadecimal digit.

-N count

Formats no more than count bytes of input. By default, count is interpreted

as a decimal number. With a leading 0x or 0X, count is interpreted as a

hexadecimal number. Otherwise, with a leading 0, count is interpreted as an octal

number. If count bytes of input (after successfully skipping, if -j skip is specified)

are not available, it is not considered an error. The od utility formats the input that

is available.

-s

Interprets words (2-byte units) in signed decimal format. This is

equivalent to t-d2.

-t typestring

Specifies one or more output types. The typestring option-argument must

be a string specifying the types to be used when writing the input data. The string

must consist of the type specification characters a (named character), c

(character), d (signed decimal), f (floating point), o (octal), u (unsigned decimal),

or x (hexadecimal).

The type specification characters d, f, o, u, and x can be followed by an

optional unsigned decimal integer that specifies the number of bytes to be

transformed by each instance of the output type.

The type specification option f can be followed by optional type characters

F (float), D (double), or L (long double), indicating that the conversion

should be applied to an item of the specified type.

The type specification options d, o, u, and x can be followed by optional

type characters C (char), S (short), I (int), or L (long), indicating that the

conversion should be applied to an item of the specified type.

Multiple types can be concatenated within the same typestring, and

multiple -t options can be specified. Output lines are written for each type

specified in the order in which the type specification characters are

specified.

-v

Writes all input data. Without the -v option, any number of groups of

output lines that are identical to the immediately preceding group of output lines

(except for the byte offsets), are replaced with a line containing only an asterisk

(*).

-x

Interprets words (two-byte units) in hexadecimal format. This is

equivalent to t-x2.

Multiple types can be specified by using multiple -bcdostx options. Output lines

are written for each type specified in the order in which the types are specified.

ARGUMENTS

The od utility supports the following arguments:

file

The path of the file to be written. If no file operands are specified, the

standard input is used. The operand is assumed to be a file if the first character of

file is a plus sign (+), or the first character of the first file operand is numeric, no

more than two operands are given, and none of the -A, -j, -N, or -t options are

specified.

[+]offset[.][b]

The offset argument specifies the offset in the file where dumping

commences. This operand is normally interpreted as octal bytes. If a period or dot

(.) is appended, the offset is interpreted in decimal format. If b is appended, the

offset is interpreted in 512-byte units. If the file argument is omitted, and none of

the -A, -j, -N, or -t options are specified, the offset argument must be preceded by

a plus sign (+).

DIAGNOSTICS


0


1

Failure

EXAMPLE

If a file containing 128 bytes, with decimal values 0 to 127 in increasing order, is

supplied as standard input to the command:

od -A d -t a

on an implementation using an input block size of 16 bytes, the standard output,

independent of the current locale setting, will be similar to:

0000000 nul soh stx etx eot enq ack bel bs ht nl vt ff cr

so si

0000016 dle dc1 dc2 dc3 dc4 nak syn etb can em sub esc fs gs

rs us

0000032 sp ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + ,

- . /

0000048 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < =

> ?

0000064 @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M

N O

0000080 P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ]

^ _

0000096 ` a b c d e f g h i j k l m

n o

0000112 p q r s t u v w x y z { | }

~ del

0000128

paste

NAME

paste - Windows command-line utility to concatenate the corresponding lines of

files

SYNOPSISpaste [-s] [-d list] file...

DESCRIPTION

The paste(1w) utility concatenates the corresponding lines of the given input files

and writes the resulting lines into the standard output. By default, paste concatenates the

corresponding lines of the input files. The newline character of every line except the line

from the last input file is replaced with a tab character. If an end-of-file condition is

detected on one or more, but not all input files, and the -b option is not specified, paste

behaves as though empty lines were read from the files on which end-of-file was

detected.

OPTIONS

The paste utility supports the following options:

-d list

Each character in the list is an element specifying a delimiter character,

unless the backslash character (\) appears in it. If a backslash appears in the list, it

and one or more characters following it serve as an element that specifies a

delimiter character, described as follows:

\n

Newline character

\t

Tab character

-\

Backslash character

\O

Empty string (not a null character)

These elements specify one or more delimiters that replace the newline

character of the input lines instead of the default tab character. The elements in

the list are used circularly.

When the -s option is specified:

The last newline character in a file is not modified.

The delimiter is reset to the first element of the list after processing each

file operand.

When the -s option is not specified:

The newline character in the file specified by the last file operand is not

modified.

The delimiter is reset to the first element of the list each time a line is

processed from each file.

-s

Concatenates all lines of each separate input file in command-line order.

Unless the -d option is specified, the newline character of every line except the

last line in each input file is replaced with the tab character.

ARGUMENTS

The paste utility supports the following argument:

file

Path of the input file. If a hyphen (-) is specified for one or more files, the

standard input is used. The standard input is read circularly, one line at a time, for

each instance of the hyphen.

The standard input is used only if one or more file operands are a hyphen.

The files specified by the file operand must be text files.

DIAGNOSTICS


0


1

Failure

posix

NAME

posix - Windows command-line utility to start an Interix process with a

controlling terminal

SYNOPSISposix [/p pathname] [/u] [/v[...]] [/c pathname [arguments]]

DESCRIPTION

The posix Windows command-line utility is the tty driver for the Interix

subsystem. It is responsible for starting an Interix process and then managing the tty

keyboard input and display output for the Interix processes which share that device.

The posix command supports the following options, which can be specified using

lowercase or uppercase letters (/c or /C):

/p pathname

Specifies the path name of the Interix program to run. When combined

with the /c option, this allows you to start a program and set the $0 argument to

something other than the path to the program. For example, posix /u /p

/bin/ksh /c -ksh starts the Korn shell /bin/ksh but sets the initial argument to that

shell to be -ksh, which signals the Korn shell that it should behave as though it

were a login shell.

/u

Specifies that the pathname argument provided with the /p or /c options is

given in Interix syntax rather than Windows syntax. This option makes it easier to

run programs using the Interix single-rooted file system. For example, the Korn

shell can be started using posix /u /c /bin/ksh regardless of the Windows

directory in which Windows Services for UNIX is installed.

/v

Controls the display of diagnostic information from the posix utility.

Using /v more than once increases the amount of diagnostic information

displayed.

/c pathname [arguments]

Indicates that the rest of the command line specifies the Interix program to

run and the arguments to be passed to that program. The pathname argument

names the Interix program to execute (see /p) and is provided to the program as

its $0 argument. If used, this must be the last option on the command line.

SEE ALSO

psxrun(1w)

printenv

NAME

printenv - Windows command-line utility to print the values of environment

variables

SYNOPSISprintenv [variable...]

DESCRIPTION

The printenv(1w) utility prints all or part of the environment. If no arguments are

given, printenv prints the entire environment. If one or more variable names are given, it

prints the value of each one that is set, and nothing for each one that is not set.

ARGUMENTS

variable

Name of the environment variable whose value is to be printed.

DIAGNOSTICS


0

All specified variables were found.

>0

At least one specified variable was not found.

printf

NAME

printf - Windows command-line utility to format and print data to the standard

output

SYNOPSISprintf format [argument...]

DESCRIPTION

The printf(1w) utility writes formatted operands to the standard output. The

argument operands are formatted under the control of the format string.

ARGUMENTS

The printf(1w) utility accepts the following arguments:

format

A string describing the format used to write the remaining operands. The

format specifications are described in the "Format specifications" section later in

this topic.

argument

These strings are written to the standard output, under the control of

formats. These are treated as strings if the corresponding conversion character is

b, c, or s. Otherwise, it is evaluated as a C constant. Allows leading plus (+) or

minus sign (-).

If an argument operand cannot be completely converted into an internal

value appropriate to the corresponding conversion specification, a diagnostic

message is written to the standard error. In this case, the utility does not exit with

a zero exit status, but continues processing any remaining operands. It writes the

value accumulated at the time the error was detected, to the standard output.

FORMAT SPECIFICATIONS

The format is a character string that contains three types of objects defined as

follows:

Characters

Characters other than escape sequences are copied to the output.

Escape sequences

Represents nongraphic characters. The valid escape sequences and

associated actions are listed as follows:

\\

(Backslash) Prints the backslash character.

\a

(Alert) Attempts to alert the user through audible or visible notification.

\b

(Backspace) Moves the printing position to one column before the current

position, unless the current position is the start of a line.

\f

(Form feed) Moves the printing position to the initial printing position of

the next logical page.

\n

(Newline) Moves the printing position to the start of the next line.

\r

(Carriage return) Moves the printing position to the start of the current

line.

\t

(Tab) Moves the printing position to the next tab position on the current

line. If there are no more tab positions left on the line, the behavior is undefined.

\v

(Vertical tab) Moves the printing position to the start of the next vertical

tab position. If there are no more vertical tab positions left on the page, the

behavior is undefined.

\c

The \c object is not written; it causes the printf utility to ignore any

remaining characters in the string operand containing it, any remaining string

operands, and any additional characters in the format operand.

In addition to the escape sequences, if \ddd is specified (where ddd is an

octal number), it is written as a character with the numeric value specified by the

octal number.

The interpretation of a backslash followed by any other sequence of

characters is unspecified.

Conversion specifications

These specify the output format of each argument. Each conversion

specification is introduced by the percent sign (%). After the percent sign, the

following appear in sequence.

Flags

Zero or more flags, in any order, modifying the meaning of the conversion

specification. The flag characters and their meanings are:

-

The result of the conversion is left-justified within the field.

+

The result of a signed conversion always begins with a sign (+ or -).

Space

If the first character of a signed conversion is not a sign, a space character

is prefixed to the result. This means that if the space character and + flags both

appear, the space character flag is ignored.

#

The value that needs conversion to an alternative form.

For c, d, i, u, and s conversions, the behavior is undefined.

For o conversion, it increases the precision to force the first digit of the

result to be a zero.

For x or X conversion, a nonzero result is prefixed with 0x or 0X,

respectively.

For e, E, f, g, and G conversions, the result always contains a radix

character, even if no digits follow the radix character.

For g and G conversions, trailing zeros are not removed from the result as

they usually are.

0

For d, i, o, u, x, X, e, E, f, g, and G conversions, leading zeros (following

any indication of sign or base) are used to pad to the field width; no space

padding is performed. If the 0 and - flags both appear, the 0 flag is

ignored.

For d, i, o, u, x, and X conversions, if a precision is specified, the 0 flag is

ignored. For other conversions, the behavior is undefined.

Field width

An optional string of decimal digits to specify a minimum field width. For

an output field, if the converted value has fewer bytes than the field width, it is

padded on the left. It is padded on the right if the left-adjustment flag (-),

described as follows, has been given to the field width).

Precision

Gives the minimum number of digits to appear for the d, o, i, u, x, or X

conversions (the field is padded with leading zeros), the number of digits to

appear after the radix character for the e and f conversions, the maximum number

of significant digits for the g conversion; or the maximum number of characters to

be written from a string in s conversion. The precision takes the form of a period

(.) followed by a decimal digit string; a null digit string is treated as zero.

Conversion characters

Conversion characters indicate the type of conversion to be applied. Each

conversion character results in fetching zero or more arguments. The results are

undefined if there are insufficient arguments for the format. If the format is

exhausted while arguments remain, the excess arguments are ignored.

The conversion characters and their meanings are:

d, i, o, u, x, X

The integer argument is written as signed decimal (d or i), unsigned octal

(o), unsigned decimal (u), or unsigned hexadecimal notation (x and (X). The d

and i specifiers convert to signed decimal in the style [-]dddd.

The precision component of the argument specifies the minimum number

of digits to appear. If the value being converted can be represented in fewer digits

than the specified minimum, it is expanded with leading zeros. The default

precision is 1. The result of converting a zero value with a precision of 0 is no

characters.

If both the field width and precision are omitted, the implementation can

precede, follow, or precede and follow numeric arguments of types d, i, and u

with blank characters; arguments of type o (octal) can be preceded with leading

zeros.

f

The floating point number argument is written in decimal notation in the

style [-]ddd.ddd, where the number of digits after the radix character (shown here

as a decimal point) is equal to the precision specification. If precision is omitted

from the argument, six digits are written after the radix character; if precision is

explicitly 0, no radix character appears.

e, E

The floating point number argument is written in the style [-]d.ddde+-2dd,

where there is 1 digit before the radix character (shown here as a decimal point)

and the number of digits after it is equal to the precision. When the precision is

missing, six digits are written after the radix character; if the + flag is 0, no radix

character appears. The E conversion character produces a number with E instead

of e introducing the exponent. The exponent always contains at least two digits. If

the value to be written requires an exponent greater than two digits, however,

additional exponent digits are written as necessary.

g, G

The floating point number argument is written in style f or e (or in style E

in the case of a G conversion character), with precision specifying the number of

significant digits. The style used depends on the value converted: style g is used

only if the exponent resulting from the conversion is less than -4 or greater than or

equal to precision. Trailing zeros are removed from the result. A radix character

appears only if a digit follows it.

c

The character is written. If the string is specified as the argument, the first

character is written.

s

The argument is taken to be a string, and characters from the string are

written until the end of the string, or the number of characters indicated by the

precision specification of the argument is reached. If the precision is omitted from

the argument, it is taken to be infinite. All characters up to the end of the string

are written.

b

The argument is taken to be a string that can contain backslash-escape

sequences. \0ddd, where ddd is an octal number that is converted to a byte with

the numeric value specified by the octal number.

%

Writes a percent sign (%); no argument is converted.

In no case does a nonexistent or insufficient field width cause truncation of a

field. If the result of a conversion is wider than the field width, the field is simply

expanded to contain the conversion result.

The format operand is reused as often as necessary to satisfy the argument

operands. Any extra c or s conversion specifications will be evaluated as if a null string

argument were supplied. Other extra conversion specifications are evaluated as if a zero

argument were supplied. If the format operand contains no conversion specifications and

argument operands are present, the results are unspecified.

If a character sequence in the format operand begins with a percent sign, but does

not form a valid conversion specification, the behavior is unspecified.

DIAGNOSTICS


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ps

NAME

ps - Windows command-line utility to write information about processes

SYNOPSISps [-A] [-efl] [-G grouplist] [-o format]... [-p proclist] [-u

userlist]

DESCRIPTION

The ps(1w) utility writes information about processes if it has appropriate

permissions to do so.

The ps utility supports the following options:

-A

Writes information for all processes.

-e

Writes information for all processes (equivalent to the -A option).

-f

Generates a full listing. (See the "Format specifications" section later in

this topic for the contents of a full listing.)

-l

Generates a long listing. (See the "Format specifications" section later in

this topic for the contents of a long listing.)

-G

Writes information for processes whose group names are given in

grouplist. The grouplist must be in the form of a blank- or comma-separated list.

-o

Writes information according to the format specification given in format.

Multiple -o options can be specified. The format specification will be interpreted

as the concatenation (separated by space characters) of all the format option-

arguments.

-p

Writes information for processes whose process identifier (ID) numbers

are given in proclist. The proclist must be in the form of a blank- or comma-

separated list.

-u

Writes information for processes whose user names are given in userlist.

The userlist must be in the form of a blank- or comma-separated list.

DIAGNOSTICS


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FORMAT SPECIFICATIONS

The -o option allows the output format to be specified under user control. When

the -o option is not specified, the fields shown in the following table are displayed. The

letters f and l indicate the option full or long, that causes the corresponding heading to

appear; all means that the heading always appears. Note that these two options (f and l)

determine only the information provided for a process; they do not determine the

processes that are listed.

USER(f,l)

User name

PID (all)

Process ID of the process

PRI (l)

Priority of the process

ADDR (l)

Starting address of the process

SZ (l)

Size of the process in physical memory, in kilobytes

STIME (f)

Start time of the process

COMMAND (all)

Instance name of the process

PAFF(f)

Processor affinity for the process

THRD (f)

Number of threads in the process

F

Flags (octal and additive) associated with the process

S

State of the process

PPID

Process ID of the parent process

NI

Nice value

WCHAN

The event for which the process is waiting or sleeping

TTY

Controlling terminal for the process

TIME (all)

Processor time for the process

C (f,l)

Processor utilization for scheduling

The format specification must be a list of names presented as a single argument

that is separated by a blank or comma. Each variable has a default header. The default

header can be overridden by appending an equal sign (=) and the new text of the header.

The rest of the characters in the argument are used as the header text.

The specified fields are written in the order specified on the command line and

should be arranged in columns in the output. The field widths selected by the system are

at least as wide as the header text (default or overridden value). If the header text is null,

such as -o user=, the field width is at least as wide as the default header text. If all header

text fields are null, no header line is written.

The ps utility supports the following -o format specifications:

ruser

Real user name of the process

user

Effective user name of the process

rgroup

Real group name of the process

group

Effective group name of the process

pid

Decimal value of the process ID

pcpu

Percentage of CPU utilization for the process

vsz

Size of the process in virtual memory, in kilobytes

etime

Elapsed time since the process was started, in the form [[dd-]hh:]mm:ss,

where dd represents the number of days, hh the number of hours, mm the number

of minutes, and ss the number of seconds. The dd field will be a decimal integer.

The hh, mm, and ss fields are two-digit decimal integers padded on the left with

zeros.

comm

Instance name of the process

ppid

Process ID of the parent process

pri


size

Size of the process in physical memory, in kilobytes

nice

Nice value

time

Processor time for the process

stime

Start time of the process

tty

Controlling terminal for the process

args

Full path of the instance

pgid

Decimal value for the process group ID

addr

Starting address of the process

paff

Processor affinity for the process

tcount


If the -o format is specified, the following will be the default headers:

ruser

RUSER

user

USER

rgroup

RGROUP

group

GROUP

pid

PID

pcpu

%CPU

vsz

VSZ

etime

ELAPSED

comm

COMMAND

ppid

PPID

pri

PRI

size

SIZE

nice

NI

time

TIME

stime

STIME

tty

TTY

args

ARGS

pgid

PGID

addr

ADDR

paff

PAFF

tcount

THRDS

SEE ALSO

kill(1w)

sleep(1w)

top(1w)

wait(1w)

psxrun

NAME

psxrun - Windows command-line utility to start an Interix process without a

controlling terminal

SYNOPSISpsxrun [-p pathname] [-h] [-u]

[-l logfilepath] [--] [arg0 [arg1[...]]]

DESCRIPTION

The psxrun Windows command-line utility starts the Interix process specified by

arg0 without a controlling terminal. In addition, the arg0 argument is passed to the

process as the $0 argument, arg1 is passed as $1, and so on. This is used primarily to start

X Window client programs (which create their own windows) or Interix-based Windows

services (which cannot interact with users). To run X Window client programs, you must

have an X Window server installed and running.

The psxrun utility supports the following options, which must be specified using

lowercase letters:

-p pathname

Specifies the path name of the Interix program to be run instead of arg0.

You can use this to start a program and set the $0 argument to something other

than the actual path to the program. For example, psxrun -u -p

/usr/loca/bin/prog -- -prog starts /usr/local/bin/prog, but sets its initial argument

(arg0) to be -prog. Note the use of the -- option to prevent -prog from being

interpreted as another use of the -p option.

-h

Display usage information.

-u

Specifies that path names are interpreted using Interix syntax rather than

Windows syntax. This makes it easier to run programs using the Interix single-

rooted file system. For example, psxrun -u /bin/xterm would be started

regardless of the directory where Windows Services for UNIX is installed.

-l logfilepath

Specifies that psxrun is to record all diagnostic information in the file

specified by the logfilepath argument.

--

Stop examining the command line. The arguments to the program to be

executed begin immediately after the -- option.

SEE ALSO

posix(1w)

pwd

NAME

pwd - Windows command-line utility to print the current working directory name

SYNOPSISpwd

DESCRIPTION

The pwd(1w) command prints the current working directory name.

DIAGNOSTICS


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renice

NAME

renice - Windows command-line utility to set the scheduling priorities of running

processes

SYNOPSISrenice [-n increment]

{-g groupname... | -j jobname... | -u username... | [-p]

pid...}

renice {-n increment | nicevalue} [-p] pid... [-g groupname...]

[-p pid...] [-j jobname...] [-u username...]

renice {-n increment | nicevalue} -g groupname... [-g

groupname...]


renice {-n increment | nicevalue} -u username... [-g groupname...]


DESCRIPTION

The renice(1w) utility requests that the scheduling priorities of one or more

running processes be changed.

To use renice, the user must have permission to increase scheduling priority. For

information about how to grant this permission, refer to the Windows operating system

documentation.

If increment is specified, the scheduling priority of the process is computed based

on the base priority of the process and the increment specified. If nicevalue is specified, it

is taken as the scheduling priority. The utility is invoked with this scheduling priority. If

this value exceeds the range (above real time (32) or below idle (0)), the utility is invoked

with real time or idle priority as appropriate, and displays a warning message.

The renice utility will not alter the scheduling priorities of any process unless the

user requesting such a change has appropriate permission to do so.

OPTIONS

The renice utility supports the following options:

-n

Specifies how the scheduling priority of the specified process or processes

is to be adjusted.

-p

Interprets all operands as unsigned decimal integer PIDs. If no options are

specified, the -p option is the default.

-u

Interprets all operands as user names.

-g

Interprets all operands as group names.

-j

Interprets all operands as job names.

ARGUMENTS

The renice utility supports the following arguments:

increment

The increment is a positive or negative decimal integer that is used to

modify the scheduling priority of the specified process or processes. Positive

increment values cause a lower scheduling priority. Negative increment values

require appropriate permissions and will cause a higher scheduling priority.

nicevalue

The actual scheduling priority, in the range 0 to 32. The user must have

appropriate permissions to specify a scheduling priority higher than that of the

existing process.

pid

Unique process identifier of a process whose scheduling priority is to be

changed.

username

User name of the process. When a user is reniced, the request applies to all

processes whose user name matches the given username.

groupname

Group name. When a group is reniced, the request applies to all processes

whose user name belongs to the given groupname.

jobname

Job name. When a job is reniced, the request applies to all processes of the

job.

DIAGNOSTICS


0

At least one requested process was reniced.

1

No process was reniced.

SEE ALSO

nice(1w)

rm

NAME

rm - Windows command-line utility to remove directory entries

SYNOPSISrm [-dfiPRr] file...

DESCRIPTION

The rm(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

rm(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The file argument

must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more information, see rm(1).

rmdir

NAME

rmdir - Windows command-line utility to remove directories

SYNOPSISrmdir directory...

DESCRIPTION

The rmdir(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the

Interix rmdir(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The

directory argument must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more information,

see rmdir(1).

rpcinfo

NAME

rpcinfo - Windows command-line utility to list programs on remote computers

SYNOPSIS

List all programs registered with the port mapper:

rpcinfo -p [node]

Request a response from network nodes that have a specified program:

rpcinfo -b program version

Use Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) to call a program:

rpcinfo -t node program [version]

Use User Datagram Protocol (UDP) to call a program:

rpcinfo -u node program [version]

DESCRIPTION

The rpcinfo(1w) Windows utility makes a remote procedure call (RPC) to an

RPC server and reports what it finds.

The rpcinfo utility accepts the following options:

-p [node]

Lists all programs registered with the port mapper on the specified host. If

you do not specify a node (computer) name, the program queries the port mapper

on the local host.

-b program version

Requests a response from all network nodes that have the specified

program and version registered with the port mapper. You must specify both a

program name or number and a version number.

-t node program [version]

Uses the TCP transport protocol to call the specified program. You must

specify both a node (computer) name and a program name. If you do not specify a

version, the program calls all versions.

-u node program [version]

Uses the UDP transport protocol to call the specified program. You must

specify both a node (computer) name and a program name. If you do not specify a

version, the program calls all versions.

rshpswd

NAME

rshpswd - Windows command-line utility to set the local password for Remote

Shell service (rshsvc)

SYNOPSISrshpswd

DESCRIPTION

The rshpswd Windows command prompts for and then sets the Remote Shell

service password for the local user who is currently logged on.

Caution

If you use the rshpswd to store your password on a computer running Remote

Shell service, a user logged on with the same user name in a different domain will

be able to use rsh to run commands on the computer using your user account. For

example, if you are logged on the computer running Remote Shell service as

mydomain\kimz and run rshpswd to store your password, a user logged on as

otherdomain\kimz will be able to run commands on your computer with the same

rights and privileges as mydomain\kimz. This is an inherent limitation of the rsh

protocol and cannot be worked around.

SEE ALSO

rshsvc(1w)

rshsvc

NAME

rshsvc - Windows command-line utility to manage Remote Shell service

SYNOPSISrshsvc -install [-m mappingserver]

rshsvc -remove

rshsvc -start [-m mappingserver] [-p]

rshsvc -stop

DESCRIPTION

The rshsvc Windows command-line utility manages Remote Shell service, the

server side for the TCP/IP utility rsh(1). It works the same way as the UNIX Remote

Shell service. Rsh clients can access this service from both Windows and UNIX

computers.

The action performed by the rshsvc command depends on the command option

you supply. The rshsvc command accepts the following options and arguments:

-install [-m mappingserver]

Installs the service. You can use the following option with -install:

-m mappingserver

Specifies the name of the server running User Name Mapping that will

map Windows and UNIX user accounts. If this option is not specified, no user

mapping is performed.

-remove

Removes the service.

-start [-m mappingserver] [-p]

Starts the service. You can use the following options with -start:

-m mappingserver

Specifies the name of the server running User Name Mapping that will

map Windows and UNIX user accounts. If this option is not specified, no user

mapping is performed.

-p

Specifies that the service is not to use passwords stored locally for users

using the rshpswd(1w) Windows command-line utility.

-stop

Stops the service.

SECURITY

You must have an .rhosts(5) file in the path specified in the registry entry \

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\RshSvc\

RhostsPath. The default path is %SystemRoot%\System32\Drivers\Etc directory.

Caution

Incorrectly editing the registry may severely damage your system. Before making

changes to the registry, you should back up any valued data on the computer.

The .rhosts file should include one or more of the following entries, each on a

separate line:

M1 U1 [U2 U3 ....]

where M1 is the name of the computer from which Rsh client can be run and U1,

U2, and so on are names of the users who are permitted to access the Remote Shell

service.

The Remote Shell service returns an "Access denied" message under the

following conditions:

The Rsh client computer name is not specified in the .rhosts file.

The name of the logged-on user on the Rsh client computer is not present in

the .rhosts files.

A user is trying to access the Remote Shell service from a computer specified in

the .rhosts file for which the service failed to resolve the Internet Protocol (IP)

address.

LIMITATIONS

When the client tries to start a command, the Remote Shell service waits for a

defined length of time for the command to be completed. This time-out period can be

changed by modifying the following registry key: \HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\

System\CurrentControlSet\Services\RshSvc\DefaultTimeOut. The default value is

600 seconds.

SEE ALSO

Remote Shell service

User Name Mapping

sdiff

NAME

sdiff - Windows command-line utility to print differences between two files and

merge them interactively

SYNOPSISsdiff [-lrs] [-w n] [-o outfile] file1 file2

DESCRIPTION

The sdiff(1w) utility produces a side-by-side listing of two files, indicating those

lines that are different. Each line of the two files is printed with a blank gutter between

them if the lines are identical. It displays a "less than" sign (<) in the gutter if the line

exists only in file1. It displays a "greater than" sign (>) in the gutter if the line exists only

in file2. It displays a vertical bar (|) if the line exists in both files, but is not identical.

If the -o outfile option is specified, it merges two files and interactively puts the

results in outfile. If file1 is a directory and file2 is not a directory, sdiff compares the file

in file1 whose name matches with file2, and vice versa.

OPTIONS

The sdiff utility supports the following options:

-l

Prints only the left side of any lines that are identical.

-r

Applies sdiff recursively. It is usually applied to two directories.

-s

Does not print identical lines.

-w n

Uses n as the length of the output line. The default value is 130 characters.

-o outfile

Uses the next argument, outfile, as the name of the third file that is created

as a user-controlled merging of file1 and file2. It prints a set of differences as

produced by diff, where the set shares a common gutter character. After printing

each set of differences, a semicolon (;) user prompt is displayed on the screen.

You can then enter the following commands:

l

Only the left column is appended to the output file.

r

Only the right column is appended to the output file.

s

Does not print identical lines (silent mode).

v

Turns off silent mode.

e l

Invokes Notepad and displays the left column.

e r

Invokes Notepad and displays the right column.

e b

Invokes Notepad and concatenates the left and right columns.

e

Invokes Notepad with an empty file.

q

Exits the program.

ARGUMENTS

The sdiff utility supports the following arguments:

file1

It can be a regular file or a directory. If a minus sign (-) is specified, it is

interpreted as the standard input.

file2

It can be a regular file or a directory. If a minus sign (-) is specified, it is

interpreted as the standard input.

DIAGNOSTICS


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NOTES

In the case of the -o option, the output file that is generated is a Unicode file.

Hence, it is not possible to open the file using edit.com. It can be opened using

Notepad or any other Windows Unicode text editor.

Both the operands file1 and file2 cannot be a minus sign (-) at the same time.

The -o option cannot be applied when both the operands are directories.

SEE ALSO

diff(1W)

sed

NAME

sed - Windows command-line utility stream editor

SYNOPSISsed [-an] command [file...]

sed [-an] [-e command] [-f command_file] [file...]

DESCRIPTION

The sed(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

sed(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The file and

command_filearguments must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more

information, see sed(1).

sfuadmin

NAME

sfuadmin - Windows command-line utility to manage Windows Services for

UNIX

SYNOPSISsfuadmin [computer] [-u usr [-p pwd]]

sfuadmin [computer] [-u usr [-p pwd]] config option[...]

DESCRIPTION

The sfuadmin(1w) Windows command-line utility administers Windows

Services for UNIX on the local computer or on a remote computer. If you are logged on

with an account that does not have the required privileges, you can specify a user name

and password of an account that does. The action performed by sfuadmin depends on the

command arguments you supply.

In addition to service-specific command arguments and options, sfuadmin

accepts the following:

computer


the computer using a WINS or DNS name, or by Internet Protocol (IP) address.

-u usr



username

-p pwd



password.

The specific action that sfuadmin server takes depends on the command option

or argument you specify:

config

Specifies general settings for Windows Services for UNIX. You must

supply at least one of the following options with the config command argument:

mapsvr=server

Sets server as the User Name Mapping server for all Windows Services

for UNIX components. To specify the computer being administered as the User

Name Mapping server, you can specify localhost as server.

If you do not specify a command option or argument, sfuadmin displays the

Windows Services for UNIX version number and current configuration settings.

showmount

NAME

showmount - Windows command-line utility to display mounted directories

SYNOPSISshowmount {-e | -a | -d} [server]

DESCRIPTION

The showmount(1w) Windows command-line utility displays information about

mounted file systems exported by Server for NFS on the computer specified by server. If

server is not provided, showmount displays information about the computer on which

the showmount command is run.

You must provide one of the following options:

-e

Displays all file systems exported on the server.

-a

Displays all network file system (NFS) clients and the directories on the

server each has mounted.

-d

Displays all directories on the server that are currently mounted by NFS

clients.

SEE ALSO

Server for NFS

sleep

NAME

sleep - Windows command-line utility to suspend execution for a number of

seconds

SYNOPSISsleep time

DESCRIPTION

The sleep(1w) Windows utility suspends execution for at least the number of

seconds specified by the time integer argument.

DIAGNOSTICS


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SEE ALSO

kill(1w)

ps(1w)

top(1w)

wait(1w)

sort

NAME

sort - Windows command-line utility to sort or merge text files

SYNOPSISsort [-cmubdfinr] [-t char] [-T char]

[-k field1[,field2]]... [ -o output] [file]...

DESCRIPTION

The sort(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

sort(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The file argument

must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more information, see sort(1).

split

NAME

split - Windows command-line utility to read an input file and write one or more

output files

SYNOPSISsplit [-l linecount] [-a suffixlength] {[-] | [file [name]]}

split -b n[k | m] [-a suffixlength] {[-] | [file [name]]}

split [-linecount] [-a suffixlength] {[-] | [file [name]]}

DESCRIPTION

The split(1w) utility reads an input file and writes one or more output files. The

default size of each output file is 1,000 lines. The -b or -l option can be specified to

modify the size of the output files. Each output file is created with a unique suffix that

consists of suffixlength lowercase letters. The letters of the suffix are used as if they were

a base-26 digit system, with the first suffix to be created consisting all a characters, the

second with a b replacing the last a, and so on, until a name of all z characters is created.

By default, the names of the output files are x, followed by a two-character suffix from

the character set as described above, starting with aa, ab, ac, and so on, up to the suffix

zz, for a maximum of 676 files.

The prefix used for each of the files results from the split operation. If no name

argument is given, x is used as the prefix of the output files.

The split utility supports the following options:

-a

Uses suffixlength letters to form the suffix portion of the file names of the

split file. If the -a option is not specified, the default suffix length is 2.

-b

Splits a file into files of n bytes each. If n is followed by k, it splits the file

into files of n*1,024 bytes each. If n is followed by m, it splits the file into files of

n*1,048,576 bytes each.

-l

Specifies the number of lines in each resulting file. The linecount

argument is an unsigned decimal integer. The default is 1,000. If the input does

not end with a newline character, the partial line is included in the last output file.

DIAGNOSTICS


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strings

NAME

strings - Windows command-line utility to find printable strings in files and print

to the standard output

SYNOPSISstrings [-a] [-t format] [-n number] [file...]

strings [-] [-t format] [-number] [file...]

DESCRIPTION

The strings(1w) Windows utility looks for printable strings in regular files, and

writes those strings to the standard output. A printable string is any sequence of four (by

default) or more printable characters terminated by a newline or a NULL character.

OPTIONS

The strings utility supports the following options:

- or -a

Scans files in their entirety. If the -a option is not specified, strings scans

only the .data, .rdata, and .edata in PE EXE, PE DLL, and COFF OBJ files.

-n

The user can specify the minimum string length number, where the

number argument is a positive decimal integer. The default is 4. The user can also

specify the minimum string length number without specifying the -n option as -

number.

-t

Writes each string preceded by its byte offset from the start of the file. The

format is dependent on the single character used as the format option-argument.

The format can be either d (decimal), o (octal), or x (hexadecimal).

ARGUMENTS

The strings utility supports the following argument:

file

The path of the regular file to be used as input. If no file operand is

specified, strings reads from the standard input.

DIAGNOSTICS


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su

NAME

su - Windows command-line utility to allow one to become another user without

logging off

SYNOPSISsu [-] [-c cmd] [-b|-i|-s] [-e] [-v] [-w] [-n]

[{[[user] [-d domain]] | [domain/user]}]

DESCRIPTION

The su(1w) Windows utility requests the password for user (or for Administrator,

if no user is provided), and switches to that user and group identifier (ID) after obtaining

the information. It then executes a command.

To use su, the user must have the following permissions:

Act as part of operating system

Replace a process level token

Increase quotas

Restore files and directories

For information about how to grant these permissions, refer to the Windows

operating system documentation.

For the required privileges, the domain-level policy settings override the local

policy settings. If the domain-level policies do not allow a local administrator to set the

privileges, contact your domain administrator.

OPTIONS

The su utility supports the following options:

-

Loads the user profile.

-c

Accepts the command cmd to carry out in the specified user context. The

default is cmd.exe.

-b

Batch logon. The target user needs SeBatchLogonRight.

-i

Interactive logon. The target user needs SeInteractiveLogonRight. This is

the default logon type.

-s

Service logon. The target user needs SeServiceLogonRight.

-e

Disables environment preparation (inherit parent environment).

-v

Verbose output to stdout.

-w

Does not wait on child.

-n

Does not create new console.

-d

Allows the user to enter the domain name. The default domain is the local

computer.

DIAGNOSTICS


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NOTES

Not specifying a domain causes account lookup in the following order:

1. Well-known group

2. Built-in group

3. Local accounts

4. Primary domain

5. Trusted domain

Specifying a period or dot (.) as the domain limits the user search to the local

computer.

tail

NAME

tail - Windows command-line utility to display the last part of a file

SYNOPSIStail [-f] [-b number | -c number | -k number | | -m number | -n

number] [file...]

DESCRIPTION

The tail(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

tail(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The file argument

must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more information, see tail(1).

Note that the -l option, which was supported in Windows Services for UNIX

version 2.x, is no longer supported.

tee

NAME

tee - Windows command-line utility to perform pipe fitting (duplicate standard

input)

SYNOPSIStee [-ai] [file ...]

DESCRIPTION

The tee(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

tee(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The file argument

must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more information, see tee(1).

telnet

NAME

telnet - Windows user interface to the Telnet protocol

SYNOPSIStelnet [-a] [-e escapeChar] [-f logfile]

[-l user] [-t term] [host [port]]

telnet [-h]

DESCRIPTION

The telnet(1w) Windows command-line utility is used to communicate with a

remote computer using the Telnet protocol. The host argument specifies the name or

Internet Protocol (IP) address of the computer to connect to, and port specifies the port

number to be used (by default, 23). If telnet is run without the host argument, it enters

command mode, indicated by its prompt (telnet). In this mode, it accepts and runs the

Telnet commands listed later in this topic. To enter command mode while connected to a

remote computer, type the escape-key sequence (by default, CTRL+]).

The telnet command accepts the following options:

-e escapeChar

The character used to enter the Telnet command prompt.

-f logfile

Specifies the name of the file to which the Telnet log is written for this

session. If you do not specify the path of the file, it is created in your current

directory.

-l user

The user name to use in logging onto a remote system. The remote system

must support the ENVIRON option.

-t term

The type of terminal to use for the connection. Supported terminal types

are VT100, VT52, ANSI, and VTNT.

-a

Attempts automatic log on. Same as the -l option, except that the current

user's name is used to log on.

-h

Displays Help information.

Telnet commands

The following commands can be used when telnet is in command mode. The

portion of the command name outside the square brackets ([]) is the shortest required

form of the command.

c[lose]

Closes the current connection.

d[isplay]

Displays operating parameters.

o[pen] host [port]

Connects to host on the specified port (port 23 by default). The host

argument can be the name or IP address of the remote computer.

q[uit]

Quits Telnet.

set option

Sets one of the following options:

bsasdel

Backspace will be sent as delete.

codeset option

Available only when the user locale is set to Japanese. Set the current code

set to option, which can be one of the following:

Shift JIS

Japanese EUC

JIS Kanji

JIS Kanji (78)

DEC Kanji

NEC Kanji

The same code set should be set on the remote computer. By default,

Telnet Client uses a raster font. Before accessing a remote computer using one of

these code sets, you must configure Telnet Client to use a TrueType font to ensure

that characters will display properly. For more information, see Configure Telnet

Client to use a TrueType font.

crlf

New-line mode; causes the RETURN key to send 0x0D, 0x0A.

delasbs

Delete will be sent as backspace.

escape character

The escape character to enter Telnet client prompt.

localecho

Turns on localecho.

logfile name

The name of the client log file.

logging

Turns on logging for this session.

mode {console | stream}

The mode of operation.

ntlm

Turns on NTLM authentication.

term {ansi | vt100 | vt52 | vtnt}

The type of terminal you want telnet to emulate.

sen[d] argument

Sends a command or string to the server. If argument is a recognized

command, it is sent as such; otherwise, it is sent as a string. The following

commands are recognized:

ao

Abort output command

ayt

"Are you there?"command

brk

Sends the brk (break) command.

esc

Current escape character

ip

Interrupt process command

synch

Telnet synchronization operation

st[atus]

Displays status information.

u[nset] option

Turns off an option previously set using the set command.

?/h

Displays Help information.

tnadmin

NAME

tnadmin - Windows command-line utility to administer Telnet Server

SYNOPSIStnadmin [server] [-u usr [-p pword]]

tnadmin [server] -s [session]

tnadmin [server] -k session

tnadmin [server] -m session message

tnadmin [server] start [-u usr [-p pword]]

tnadmin [server] stop [-u usr [-p pword]]

tnadmin [server] pause [-u usr [-p pword]]

tnadmin [server] continue [-u usr [-p pword]]

tnadmin [server] config option=value [-u usr [-p pword]]

DESCRIPTION

The tnadmin(1w) Windows command-line utility administers Windows Services

for UNIX Telnet Server on the local computer or on the computer specified by server. If

you are logged on with an account that does not have the required privileges, you can

specify a user name and password of an account that does. You cannot use an Internet

Protocol version 6 (IPv6) address to specify a remote computer to administer, other than

to list sessions (the -s option).

In addition to specific command options and arguments, tnadmin accepts the

following options and arguments:

server


the computer using a Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) or Domain Name

System (DNS) name, or by Internet Protocol (IP) address.

-u usr



username.

-p pword

Specifies the password of the user designated by the -u option. If you


password.

The action that tnadmin performs depends on the command option or argument

you specify:

-s session

Lists information about the specified session. The session argument is a

session identifier (ID). If session is omitted, information about all sessions is

listed. To use this option to administer a remote computer, you must be logged on

with an account that belongs to the Administrators group on that computer.

-k session

Terminates the specified session. The session argument is either a session

ID or all to terminate all sessions. To use this option to administer a remote

computer, you must be logged on with an account that belongs to the

Administrators group on that computer.

-m session message

Sends the string specified by message to the specified session. If you use

the -u or -p options with this option, place them before the -m option to avoid

sending them as part of the message. The session argument is either a session ID

or all to send the message to all sessions. To use this option to administer a

remote computer, you must be logged on with an account that belongs to the

Administrators group on that computer.

start

Starts the Telnet Server service.

stop

Stops the Telnet Server service.

pause

Pauses the Telnet Server service.

continue

Resumes the Telnet Server service.

config option=value

Specifies general settings for Telnet Server. You must supply at least one

of the following options and values with config:

dom=defaultDomain

Sets the default domain for an unqualified user name.

ctrlakeymap={yes | no}

Specifies whether CTRL+A is interpreted as the ALT key.

timeout=[hh:[mm:]]ss

Specifies how long Telnet Server will wait before disconnecting an idle

session (in hours (hh), minutes (mm), and seconds (ss)) if config timeoutactive is

set to yes.

timeoutactive={yes | no}

Specifies whether idle sessions will be disconnected.

maxfail=value

Sets the maximum number of logon failure attempts before Telnet Server

disconnects the client.

maxconn=value

Sets the maximum number of connections.

port=value

Sets the port number to be used for Telnet sessions.

killall={yes | no}

Specifies whether applications started in a Telnet session will be

terminated when the session is disconnected.

sec=[[+|-]NTLM] [[+|-]passwd]

Sets the authentication mechanism. You can configure Telnet Server to

use NTLM authentication (NTLM), plaintext passwords (passwd), or both.

Precede the mechanism name with a plus sign (+) to enable the mechanism and

with a dash (-) to disable the mechanism.

mode={console | stream}

Specifies the mode of operation. Console mode is useful to run screen-

oriented programs such as vi. Stream mode operates similar to UNIX dumb

terminal types and is not suitable to use with programs such as vi.

If you do not supply a command option or argument, tnadmin displays current

configuration and status information.

NOTE

You can use tnadmin only to administer Telnet Server provided with Windows

Services for UNIX. The tnadmin utility does not work with other Telnet servers.

SEE ALSO

Telnet Server

top

NAME

top - Windows command-line utility to display information about processes

SYNOPSIStop [-d delay] [-q] [-s]

DESCRIPTION

The top(1w) Windows utility displays the system activity and information of the

most CPU-intensive processes on the system in real time. It provides various interactive

commands for manipulating processes, and it sorts the processes by CPU usage and

memory usage.

The top utility supports the following options:

-d

Specifies the delay time between screen updates, in seconds. It can be

changed by using the s interactive command.

-q

This causes top to refresh without any delay. If a user having

administrative permissions invokes top, it runs with the highest possible priority.

-s

This option disables the interactive commands k (kill), r (renice), and s

(update). This is used to run top in secure mode.

FIELD DESCRIPTION

The top utility displays two types of information. One is specific to the CPU and

memory information of the system (top portion), and the other is process-specific

information. They are updated every 5 seconds by default. This delay time can be

changed with the d command-line option or the s interactive command.

The system-specific information has the following fields:

Uptime

Displays the current time and the uptime information. The uptime display

can be toggled by the interactive l (lowercase L) command.

Processes and CPU states

Displays the total number of processes running at the time of the last

update. This also displays the percentage of CPU time used in kernel, user, and

idle mode. This information can be toggled by the interactive t command.

Mem

Displays the statistics of various memory usages. This gives information

about the total available memory, free memory, used memory, total available

swap space, free swap space, and used swap space. It also displays the amount of

cache memory used. This information can be toggled by the interactive m

command.

The process-specific information has the following fields:

COMMAND

Command name of the process

PID

Process ID of the process

USER

User name of the process

TIME

Total CPU time the process has used since it started

%KER

Percentage of the CPU time of the process running in privileged mode

%USE

Percentage of the CPU time of the process running in user mode

PRI


RSS

Total amount of physical memory used by the process, in kilobytes

SWAP

Size of the swapped-out part of the process

%MEM

Process's share of the physical memory

THD


%CPU

Process's share of the CPU time, expressed as the percentage of total CPU

time

INTERACTIVE COMMANDS

The following single-key commands are recognized while top is running. Some

of these commands are disabled if the s option (run top in secure mode) is given as a

command-line option.

SPACE

Immediately updates the display.

h or ?

Displays the Help screen, giving a brief summary of commands.

k

Kills a process. The user is prompted for the PID of the process to be

killed. When the PID is given, the process of the specified PID is killed if the user

has the appropriate permission. This is not available in secure mode.

n or #

Changes the number of processes to show. The user is prompted for the

number of processes. This overrides automatic determination of the number of

processes to show, which is based on window size measurement.

q

Exits the top utility.

r

Renices the process. This option prompts the user with the PID of the

process and the nice value. If the PID and nice value specified are valid, the

specified process is reniced subject to the user having appropriate permissions.

This command is not available in secure mode.

s

Changes the delay between updates. The user is prompted to enter the

delay time, in seconds. Fractional values are recognized down to microseconds.

Entering 0 (zero) causes continuous updates. The default value is 5 seconds. Note

that low delay time can greatly raise the CPU load, which is not advisable. This is

not available in secure mode.

l

(Lowercase L) Toggles display for uptime information.

m

Toggles display for memory information.

t

Toggles display for processes and CPU state information.

c

Displays full path of the command name of the process. This option

prompts the user with the PID of the process. Specifying the PID displays the path

of the corresponding process.

M

Sorts processes by physical memory usage.

P

Sorts processes by CPU usage.

DIAGNOSTICS


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SEE ALSO

kill(1w)

ps(1w)

sleep(1w)

wait(1w)

touch

NAME

touch - Windows command-line utility to change file access and modification

times

SYNOPSIStouch [-acm] [-r file] [-t [[CC]YY]MMDDhhmm[.SS]] file...

DESCRIPTION

The touch(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

touch(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The file argument

must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more information, see touch(1).

tr

NAME

tr - Windows command-line utility to write the translated input characters from

standard input to standard output

SYNOPSIStr [-cs] string1 string2

tr -s [-c] string1

tr -d [-c] string1

tr -ds [-c] string1 string2

DESCRIPTION

The tr(1w) Windows utility copies the standard input to the standard output with

substitution or deletion of the selected characters. The specified options, and the string1

and string2 operands control translations that occur while copying characters and single-

character collating elements.

The operands string1 and string2 (if specified) define two arrays of characters.

You can use the constructs in the following list to specify characters or single-character

collating elements. If any of the constructs result in multicharacter collating elements, tr

excludes, without a diagnostic, those multicharacter elements from the resulting array.

character

Any character not described by one of the following conventions

represents itself.

\octal

Octal sequences can be used to represent characters with specific coded

values. An octal sequence consists of a backslash (\) followed by the longest

sequence of octal characters (01234567). The sequence causes the character

whose encoding is represented by an octal integer to be placed into the array.

\character

The backslash-escape sequences supported are \\, \a, \b, \f, \n, \r, \t, and \

v. The results of using any other character (other than an octal digit) following the

backslash are unspecified.

c-c

Represents the range of collating elements between the range endpoints,

inclusive, as defined by the current setting of the LC_COLLATE locale category.

The starting endpoint must precede the second endpoint in the current collation

order. The characters or collating elements in the range are placed in the array in

ascending collation sequence.

[:class:]

Represents all characters belonging to the defined character class, as

defined by the current setting of the LC_CTYPE locale category. The following

character class names are accepted when specified in string1:

Alnum

Blank

Digit

Lower

Punct

upper

alpha

Cntrl

graph

Print

Space

xdigit

In addition, character class expressions of the form [:name:] are

recognized in those locales where the name keyword has been given a charclass

definition in the LC_CTYPE category. When both the -d and -s options are

specified, any of the character class names will be accepted in string2. Otherwise,

only character class names lower or upper are valid in string2, and then only if

the corresponding character class (upper and lower, respectively) is specified in

the same relative position in string1. Such a specification is interpreted as a

request for case conversion.

When [:lower:] appears in string1 and [:upper:] appears in string2, the

arrays will contain the characters from the toupper mapping in the LC_CTYPE

category of the current locale. When [:upper:] appears in string1 and [:lower:]

appears in string2, the arrays contain the characters from the tolower mapping in

the LC_CTYPE category of the current locale. The first character from each

mapping pair will be in the array for string1, and the second character from each

mapping pair will be in the array for string2 in the same relative position.

Except for case conversion, the characters specified by a character class

expression are placed in the array in an unspecified order. If the name specified

for the class does not define a valid character class in the current locale, the

behavior is undefined.

[=equiv=]

Represents all characters or collating elements belonging to the same

equivalence class as equiv, as defined by the current setting of the LC_COLLATE

locale category. When equiv is used with the combined -d and -s options, an

equivalence class expression is allowed only in string1 or string2. The characters

belonging to the equivalence class are placed in the array in an unspecified order.

[x*n]

Represents n repeated occurrences of the character x. Because this

expression is used to map multiple characters to one, it is valid only when it

occurs in string2. If n is zero or omitted, it is interpreted as large enough to extend

the string2-based sequence to the length of the string1-based sequence. If n has a

leading zero, it is interpreted as an octal value. Otherwise, it is interpreted as a

decimal value.

OPTIONS

The tr utility supports the following options:

No option

When tr is invoked without any options, and with two operands string1

and string2, each input character found in the array specified by string1 is

replaced by the character in the same relative position in the array specified by

string2. When the array specified by string2 is shorter than the one specified by

string1, the results are unspecified.

-cs

When tr is invoked with operands string1 and string2, each input

character not found in the array specified by string1 is replaced by the character

specified by string2. The repeated sequences of the character found in string2 are

then replaced by one occurrence of the same character. The string2 should be of

type [x*n]. If string2 is not of type [x*n], it is neglected and behaves as if only

one operand is specified.

-s

When tr is invoked with only one operand string1, repeated sequences of

the same character found in the array string1 are replaced by one occurrence of

the same character. When tr is invoked with operands string1 and string2, each

input character found in the array specified by string1 is replaced by the character

in the same relative position in the array specified by string2. Then the repeated

sequences of the same character found in the array string2 are replaced by one

occurrence of the same character.

-d

Deletes any character found in string1 from the input.

-cd

When tr is invoked with only one operand string1, all input characters

except those specified by string1 are deleted.

-ds

When tr is invoked with operands string1 and string2, input characters

found in the array specified by string1 are deleted. Then the repeated sequences of


the same character.

-dsc

When tr is invoked with operands string1 and string2, input characters not

found in the array specified by string1 are deleted. Then the repeated sequences of


the same character.

ARGUMENTS

The tr utility supports the following arguments:

string1, string2

Translation control strings. Each string represents a set of characters to be

converted into an array of characters used for the translation.

DIAGNOSTICS


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EXAMPLES

tr -cs "[:alpha:]" "[\n*]"; < file1 > file2

Creates a list of all words in file1 one per line in file2, where a word is taken to be

a maximal string of letters.

tr "[:lower:]" "[:upper:]" < file1

Translates all lowercase characters in file1 to uppercase and writes the results to

the standard output.

tr "[=e=]" e < file1 > file2

Uses an equivalence class to identify accented variants of the base character e in

file1, which are stripped of diacritical marks and written to file2.

umount

NAME

umount - Windows command-line utility to remove network file system (NFS)-

mounted drives

SYNOPSISumount [-f] [{-a | driveletter:[...] | networkmount[...]}]

DESCRIPTION

The umount(1w) Windows command-line utility disconnects the specified NFS-

mounted drive. You must supply at least one of the following options or arguments.

-f

Forces deletion of network file system (NFS) network drives.

-a

Deletes all NFS network drives. If there are active connections, umount

prompts you for confirmation unless you also use the -f option.

driveletter

The letter of the logical drive to be disconnected.

networkmount

The network mount point to be disconnected. This mount must have been

created using the net use Windows command-line utility without specifying a

drive letter.

SEE ALSO

mount(1W)

uname

NAME

uname - Windows command-line utility to display information about the system

SYNOPSISuname [-aHmnpPrsvX]

DESCRIPTION

The uname(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the

Interix uname(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. For more

information, see uname(1).

When uname is run at a Windows command prompt, the -H option is assumed.

uniq

NAME

uniq - Windows command-line utility to report or filter out repeated lines in a file

SYNOPSISuniq [-c|-d|-u] [-f fields] [-s chars]

[input_file[output_file]]

DESCRIPTION

The uniq(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

uniq(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The input_file and

output_file arguments must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more

information, see uniq(1).

unix2dos

NAME

unix2dos - Windows command-line utility to convert text files with UNIX-

specific end-of-line (EOL) characters to MS-DOS-specific EOL characters.

SYNOPSISunix2dos {-h | [infile [outfile]]}

DESCRIPTION

The unix2dos Windows command-line utility converts files that use UNIX-

specific end-of-line (EOL) characters to files that use MS-DOS-specific EOL characters.

MS-DOS uses CR and LF as the end-of-line characters; UNIX uses LF.

The unix2dos command accepts the following option and arguments:

-h

Displays usage information about the command.

infile

The MS-DOS file to be converted. If infile and outfile are not specified,

the program takes input from standard input and sends it to standard output.

outfile

The UNIX output file. If outfile is not specified, the program sends output

to standard output.

Caution

The infile and outfile arguments must specify different files. Otherwise, the

resulting file will be empty.

SEE ALSO

dos2unix(1w)

uudecode

NAME

uudecode - Windows command-line utility to decode an encoded file

SYNOPSISuudecode [file]

DESCRIPTION

The uudecode(1w) and uuencode(1w) Windows utilities are used to transmit

binary files over transmission media that support only simple ASCII data.

The uudecode utility decodes back to original format a file that has been encoded

using uuencode.

The uudecode utility reads a file or standard input (if no file is specified) that

includes data created by the uuencode utility. This utility scans the input file, searching

for data compatible with the format specified in uuencode, and attempts to create or

overwrite the file described by the data. The path is contained in that data. The

permissions for the file are the default when the file is created.

If the path of the file to be produced exists, and the user does not have write

permission on that file, uudecode terminates with an error. If the path of the file to be

produced does exist, and the user has write permission on that file, the existing file is

overwritten.

ARGUMENTS

The uudecode utility supports the following argument:

file

The path of the file containing the output of the uuencode utility.

DIAGNOSTICS


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NOTES

The user who is invoking uudecode must have write permission on any file being

created.

The input files must be files containing the output of uuencode.

The output file will be in the same format as the file originally encoded by

uuencode.

If the input data was produced by uuencode on a system with a different number

of bits per byte than the target system, the results of uudecode are unspecified.

SEE ALSO

uuencode(1w)

uuencode

NAME

uuencode - Windows command-line utility to encode a given binary file

SYNOPSISuuencode [file] decodePathname

DESCRIPTION

The uuencode(1w) Windows utility writes an encoded version of the named input

file (or standard input if no file is specified).

The file is expanded by 35 percent (each three octets become four, plus control

information), causing it to take a longer time to transmit.

The output from uuencode is a text file on the local system. The encoding

algorithm is described in terms of eight-bit quantities, or octets. Because no byte

alignment is implied, it encodes data from machines with any number of bits per byte.

Unless that encoded data is decoded on a computer with the same number of bits per

byte, however, the output might not be useful.

ARGUMENTS

The uuencode utility supports the following argument:

decodePathname

The path of the file into which uudecode places the decoded file. If there

are characters in decodePathname that are not in the portable file name character

set, the results are unspecified.

file

The path of the file to be encoded.

DIAGNOSTICS


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SEE ALSO

uudecode(1w)

vi

NAME

vi - Windows command-line utility text editor

SYNOPSISvi [-eFlRrv] [-c cmd] [-t tag] [-w size] [file ...]

DESCRIPTION

The vi(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

vi(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The file argument must

use Windows file-name and path syntax, and the files should be in Windows text format

(that is, with lines ending with carriage-return/line-feed characters). When run as a

Windows command-line utility, vi saves files in Windows text format.

For more information, see vi(1).

wait

NAME

wait - Windows command-line utility to wait for the termination of processes or

jobs

SYNOPSISwait {pid... | -j jobname...}

DESCRIPTION

The wait(1w) Windows utility waits for the completion of processes or jobs. If a

list of process identifiers is given, wait waits until all of them have terminated. If a list of

job names is given, wait waits until all the processes belonging to those jobs have

terminated.

OPTIONS

The wait utility supports the following option:

-j

Interprets all operands as job names.

ARGUMENTS

The wait utility supports the following argument:

pid

The unique identifier of a process for which the wait utility has to wait.

jobname

The wait utility waits for the completion of all processes belonging to the

job specified by jobname.

DIAGNOSTICS

The exit status returned by the wait utility will be the exit status of the process

requested by the last pid operand.

The other possible exit-status values are:

126

The wait utility detected an error.

127

The command identified by the last specified pid operand is unknown.

NOTES

If one or more pid operands are specified, which represent unknown process

identifiers (PIDs), wait treats them as if they were known PIDs that exited with

the exit status 127.

SEE ALSO

kill(1w)

ps(1w)

top(1w)

sleep(1w)

wc

NAME

wc - Windows command-line utility to provide word, line, and byte count

SYNOPSISwc [-c|-m [-lsw]] [ file...]

DESCRIPTION

The wc(1w) Windows command-line utility is an implementation of the Interix

wc(1) command that you can run at a Windows command prompt. The file argument

must use Windows file-name and path syntax. For more information, see wc(1).

which

NAME

which - Windows command-line utility to locate a command

SYNOPSISwhich [-a] [-d] command...

DESCRIPTION

The which(1w) Windows utility displays the full path for executable commands

(.exe or .com files) and dynamic-link libraries (.dll files).

If the user does not specify an extension in command, which first appends .exe to

command and searches in the directories listed by the PATH environment variable. If the

search fails, the above procedure is repeated for the extensions .com and then, if the -d

option is specified, .dll.

OPTIONS

The which utility supports the following option:

-a

Displays all matching files from every directory in the PATH environment

variable, not just the first match. This helps reveal conflicts between two files of

the same name.

-d

Searches for files with the .dll extension if a matching file with the .exe

or .com extension is not found.

ARGUMENTS

The which utility supports the following argument:

command

Specifies the command or dynamic-link library whose full path is to be

displayed.

DIAGNOSTICS


0


1

Failure

EXAMPLES

Assume PATH = c:\system\temp;c:\system;c:\...

Assume that test.exe is present in both c:\system\temp and c:\system, and that

test.dll is present in c:\system.

The following illustrates a few commands and the corresponding results:

which test.exe

C:\system\temp\test.exe

which -a test.exe


C:\system\test.exe

which test


which -a test


C:\system\test.exe

C:\system\test.dll

xargs

NAME

xargs - Windows command-line utility to constructs argument lists and invoke a

utility

SYNOPSISxargs [-t] [-p] [-e[eofstr]] [-E eofstr] [-I replstr]

[-i[replstr]] [-L number] [-l [number]]

[-n number [-x]] [-s size] [utility [argument...]]

DESCRIPTION

The xargs(1w) Windows utility constructs a command line consisting of the

specified utility and argument operands. This is followed by as many arguments as will

fit, according to the length and number of constraints specified by the options. The

arguments are read in sequence from the standard input. The xargs utility then invokes

the constructed command line and waits for its completion. This sequence is repeated

until an end-of-file condition is detected on the standard input, or an invocation of a

constructed line returns an exit status of 255.

The xargs utility supports the following options:

-e

eofstr is taken as the logical end-of-file string. Underscore (_) is assumed

for the logical EOF string if neither -e nor -E is specified. The value -e with no

specified eofstr turns off the logical EOF string capability (underscore is taken

literally). The xargs utility reads the standard input until it encounters end-of-file

or the logical EOF string.

-E

Specifies a logical end-of-file string to replace the default underscore. The

xargs utility reads standard input until it encounters end-of-file or the logical EOF

string.

-I

Insert mode. The utility is run for each line from the standard input, taking

the entire line as a single argument and inserting it into initial-arguments for each

occurrence of replstr. A maximum of five arguments in initial-arguments can

each contain one or more instances of replstr. Blanks and tabs at the beginning of

each line are discarded. Constructed arguments cannot exceed 255 bytes. The -I

option forces the -x option. The -I and -i options are mutually exclusive; the last

one specified takes effect.

-i

This option is equivalent to -I [replstr]. The string{} is assumed for replstr

if the option argument is omitted.

-L

The utility is run for each nonempty number lines of arguments from the

standard input. The last invocation of utility will contain fewer lines of arguments

than specified if fewer than number remain. A line is considered to end with the

first newline unless the last character of the line is a blank or a tab. A trailing

blank or tab signals continuation through the next nonempty line. The -L, -l, and -

n options are mutually exclusive; the last one specified takes effect.

-l (Lowercase L)

This option is equivalent to -L number. If number is omitted, 1 (one) is

assumed. The -l option forces the -x option.

-n

Runs utility using as many standard input arguments as possible, up to a

maximum of number (a positive decimal integer) arguments. Fewer arguments are

used if either of the following conditions exist:

The accumulated command-line length exceeds the size specified by the -s

option (or, if there is no -s option, {LINE_MAX(255)}).

The last iteration has fewer than number, but not zero, operands

remaining.

-p

(Prompt mode) Asks the user whether to run utility at each invocation.

Trace mode (-t option) is turned on to print the utility to be run, followed by a

prompt to the standard error. A reply of y (optionally followed by anything) runs

utility. Anything else, including just a carriage return, skips that particular

invocation of utility.

-s

Invokes utility using as many standard input arguments as possible,

yielding a command-line length less than size (a positive decimal integer) bytes.

Fewer arguments will be used if any of the following conditions exist:

The total number of arguments exceeds that specified by the -n option.

The total number of lines exceeds that specified by the -L option.

End-of-file is encountered on the standard input before size bytes are

accumulated.

-t

(Trace mode) The utility and each constructed argument list are echoed to

standard error just prior to their execution.

-x

Causes xargs to terminate if any argument list would be greater than size

characters. The -i, -I, -l, and -L options force the -x option. When none of the

options -i, -I, -l, -L, or -n are specified, the total length of all arguments must be

within the size limit.

DIAGNOSTICS


0


126

The utility was found but could not be invoked.

127

The utility could not be found.

Exit code of the invoked utility

One or more of the invocations of utility returned a nonzero status.

ypcat

NAME

ypcat - Windows command-line utility to print values of all keys in an NIS map

SYNOPSISypcat [-k] [-t] [-h nisServer] [-d domain] mapname

ypcat -x

DESCRIPTION

The ypcat(1w) Windows command-line utility prints the values of all keys from

the Network Information Service (NIS) database specified by mapname, which can be a

map name or a map nickname.

The ypcat command accepts the following options and arguments:

-k

Displays map keys. This option is useful with maps in which the values

are null or the key is not part of the value.

-t

Inhibits map nickname translation.

-d domain

Specifies the NIS domain. If this option is not used, the NIS domain is

assumed to be the domain named in the DEFAULT_NIS_DOMAIN environment

variable.

-h nisServer

Specifies the name of the NIS server. If this option is not used, the NIS

server is assumed to be the server named in the NIS_SERVER environment

variable.

-x

Displays the map nickname translation table.

SEE ALSO

ypmatch(1w)

Server for NIS

ypclear

NAME

ypclear - Windows command-line utility to clear the Network Information Service

(NIS) server cache for an NIS map and its dependent maps

SYNOPSISypclear [-d domainName] [-t] [-h nisServer] mapname

ypclear -x

DESCRIPTION

The ypclear(1w) Windows command-line utility tells the specified Network

Information Service (NIS) server in a specified domain that a map has changed and that

the server should clear its cache. Without this notification, the NIS server can sometimes

serve out-of-date information. Running ypclear should not usually be necessary, but if an

NIS server is serving out-of-date information, ypclear should correct the problem.

The ypclear command accepts the following options and arguments:

-d domain



variable.

-t


-h nisServer



variable.

-x


SEE ALSO

Server for NIS

ypmatch

NAME

ypmatch - Windows command-line utility to display the values of one or more

keys from a Network Information Service (NIS) map

SYNOPSISypmatch [-k] [-t] [-d domain] [-h nisServer] key[...] mapname

ypmatch -x

DESCRIPTION

The ypmatch(1w) Windows command-line utility displays the values one or

more keys from the Network Information Service (NIS) map specified by mapname,

which may be a map name or a map nickname.

The ypmatch command accepts the following options and arguments:

-k

Displays map keys. This option is useful with maps in which the values

are null or the key is not part of the value.

-t


-d domain



variable.

-h nisServer



variable. If NIS_SERVER is not set, ypmatch broadcasts the request.

key

The key for which you want to display the value. To display the value of

more than one key, specify the keys separated by spaces. If any key begins with a

slash mark (/), backslash (\) or hyphen (-), these special characters must be

preceded by a backslash (\). For example, if the key name is \mykey, then use \\

mykey.

-x


SEE ALSO

ypcat(1w)

Server for NIS

yppush

NAME

yppush - Force propagation of a changed Network Information Service (NIS) map

SYNOPSISyppush [-d adNisDomain] [-q] [-t timeout] [-h host[...]] mapname

DESCRIPTION

The yppush(1w) Windows command-line utility sends a request to subordinate

(also known as slave) NIS servers to transfer a new version of the NIS map specified by

mapname from the master NIS server. It is run only on the master NIS server after the

NIS map has been changed. If the -h option is specified, the transfer request is sent only

to the specified server. Otherwise, yppush first constructs a list of NIS server hosts by

reading the ypservers NIS map within the domain. For more information about the

correct format of the ypservers map, see "Notes" later in this topic.

A transfer map request is sent to the NIS server at each host to the transfer agent

at that host (the program that actually moves the map) to call back the master server.

When the attempt has completed (successfully or not), and the transfer agent has sent

yppush a status message, the results can be printed to standard output. Messages are also

printed when a transfer is not possible, for instance when the request message is

undeliverable, or when the time-out period on responses has expired.

The yppush command accepts the following options and arguments:

-d adNisDomain



variable.

-q

Quiet mode. Does not wait for a response from subordinate servers, and

does not report errors.

-t timeout

Specifies a time-out value, in seconds, that yppush will wait for a

response from the subordinate server. This value must be greater than zero. The

default value is 30 seconds.

-h host[...]

The name of the host to notify of the map change. You can specify

multiple host names, separated by spaces. If you do not specify this option, the

notification is sent to all subordinate servers in the domain.

NOTES

Keys within the ypservers map are the ASCII names of the computers on which

the NIS servers run. That is, the ypservers map should contain a list of NIS servers, each

one listed on a separate line. If your ypservers map contains aliases, edit the ypservers

map to contain only the host names of the servers, one per line. The following list is an

example of a valid ypservers map:

ypserver_1

ypserver_2

ypserver_3

SEE ALSO

Server for NIS

sfu win32 console tools

Documents