sfra template version2
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FireSafety
Fire risk assessment
Colin de Jongh
Health and Safety Manager
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Regulatory Reform Order
(Fire Safety) Enacted 1stOctober 2006
Fire certificates cease to have effect
New duty holder Responsible Person
Must carry out a fire risk assessment
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Responsible Person
The person who has to any extent thecontrol of :
A workplacethe employer,managers, supervisors etc.
The premisesowner, occupier or
agent
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General Fire Precautions
Reduce the risk and spread of fire
Ensure means of escape at all times
Fire fighting measures on premises
Fire detection and warnings of
Action in the case of fire Training and instruction
Measures to mitigate the effects
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Main causation of fires(12 months Jan 05 to Dec 05)
1. Deliberate ignition - 53
2. Electrical - 34
3. Cooking - 13
4. Friction, heat and sparks - 12
5. Smoking materials - 116. Naked light - 4
>250K
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Organisations
(12 months Jan 05 to Dec 05)
1. Dwellings - 27
2. Local/national government25
3. Hospitality & food and drink industry - 13
4. Retail12
5.
Chemical Industry - 116. Education - 9 >250K
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Fire safety risk assessment
1. Identify the fire hazards
2. Identify the people at risk
3. Evaluate, remove or reduce, and protectfrom risk
4. Record, plan, inform, instruct, and train
5. Review
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1. Identify the fire hazards
Identify:
Sources of ignition
Sources of fuel
Sources of oxygen
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The fire triangle
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Sources of ignition
ARSON
Smokers materials
Naked flames Electrical, gas,
portable heatingequipment
Hot processes- paintstripping, welding
Lighting equipment
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Sources of fuel
Flammable liquidbased products
Packaging materials Waste products
Stationary
Soft furnishings and
furniture Some construction
materials
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Sources of Oxygen
The air around us
Air conditioning
Some chemicals Oxygen supplies
cylinder storage
Pyrotechnics
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2. Identify the people at risk
Employees especiallythose who work alone
Vulnerable people Contractors
Young people
Other people in theimmediate vicinity
Fire fighters
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3. Evaluate, remove, reduce,
and protect from risk
Evaluate the risk of a fire occurring:-Accidentally
By act or omission
Deliberately
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3. Evaluate, remove, reduce, and
protect from riskEvaluate the risk to people
Fire is spread by:
Convection
Conduction
Radiation
Contact or direct heat
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Smoke movement through a
building
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Why do we close fire doors?
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Why we do close fire doors
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Evaluating the risks to people
Consider:
Fires on lower floors can affect escape routes for
those on upper floors Fires developing in unoccupied spaces which
people have to pass
Spread of fire or smoke via vertical shafts and
service or ventilation ducts Fires in service rooms affecting hazardous
materials
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Remove or reduce the hazards
- sources of fuel Ensure flammable materials, liquids and
gases are kept to a minimum and stored
properly Do not keep flammable solids, liquids and
gases together
Remove combustible waste daily
Store waste materials securely away frombuildings.
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Remove or reduce the hazards
to people Ensure that any risks remaining to people
are controlled
Provide systems to warn people and allowthem to escape in the event of fire
Provide adequate exits for the number of
people present
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Fire detection and warning systems
System will depend on the size and layoutof the building
It should provide adequate warning in theevent of a fire
Automatic or manual?
You may/will need special arrangementsfor people with disabilities
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Fire-fighting equipment and
facilities Can reduce the risk of a small fire (waste
paper bin) developing into a larger one
Controlling a fire in the early stages canreduce the risk to people
There should be enough portableextinguishers suitable for the risk
They should be sited throughout thepremises at suitable locations
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Fire-fighting equipment and
facilities
Co2 Foam Powder Water
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Fire-fighting equipment and
facilities Class A firerule of thumb one water
extinguisher for every 200m minimum 2
per floor
Additional risksappropriate type &number of extinguishers. See BS 5306-8
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Escape routes
Escape routes should be:
Suitable
Easily, safely and immediately usable at all times Adequate for the number of people
Free from any obstructions, slip or trips hazards
Available for access by the emergency services
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Escape routes
Suitable:
Fire resistant construction
Escape routes should not go through otheroccupiers premises
Doors should open in the direction of travel
Be fitted with vision panels if over 60 people
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Emergency evacuation of persons
with mobility impairment Do not use lifts unless alternative power supplies
and protected from smoke Take to refuge and wait for assistance or begin
staged evacuationprovide communications. You must have plans to evacuate without
assistance Consider use of evacuation chairs Provide buddy system for those with visual
impairment Visual alarms in cases of hearing impairment
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Emergency escape lighting
Provided on all escape routes to assist inevacuation and should cover:
Exit doors and escape routes Intersections of corridors
Outside each final exit and external
escape routes and stairways Changes in level
Fire equipment and alarm call points
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Signs and notices
Comply with British orEuropean standards
Not mixed Be fire resistant
British Standard
European Standard
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Installation, testing & maintenance
Installed by competent persons
Maintained in line with manufacturers
guidance
Tested weekly
Inspected quarterly
Records kept for inspection
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4. Record, plan, inform, instruct &train
Fire risk assessmentrecorded available forinspection
Actions prioritised and implemented Evacuation plans developed, implemented and
testedat least twice annually or once per term
Employee groups informed of results
Employees, visitors, contractors given adequatetraining and instruction
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5. Review
Review risk assessments, plans etc:
When changes occurchanges to work
processes, alterations to the building orwork patterns
Introduction of new equipment, hazardous
substances, significant increase in peopleAt least annually
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We dont want to
end up like this
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Or this
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Any
questions?