sfh pp pres con - iaia.ie · • the measure of child and adolescent coping scale • adolescent...
TRANSCRIPT
MarieDunne
MentalHealthPromotionSpecialistHealthImprovementService
WesternHealth&[email protected]
ThesunflowerhasbeenidentifiedastheuniversalandpositivesymbolofHOPE
AIM• Somebackgroundonhowithascomeabout• IntroduceyoutotheconceptofHope• Evidencetowhyweneedtoinvestinthis• TheJourneytodate• Visionforthefuture
SchoolsforHope- background• SchoolsforHopeisanewcurriculumprojectdevelopedby
iFred(theInternationalFoundationforResearchandEducationonDepression)Itisbasedonresearchthatsuggestshopeisateachableskill.Itaimistoequipstudents,educators,andparentswiththetoolstheyneedtofindandmaintainHopeevenduringthemosttryingoftimes.
• TheOuterWestNeighborhoodRenewalPartnership,WHSCTHealthImprovementDept,UlsterUniversityandLocalPrimaryandSecondaryschoolsintheareasetoutonthisjourneylastJune
Rationale• Intheresearchandworkrelatedtosuicidepreventiontherehasbeena
tendencytofocusonhopelessness.Hopelessnesshasbeenshowntopredictsuicide,butveryfewhavestudieditsopposite,i.e.theimportanceofhope.Hopeshouldbeconsideredasacentralconceptwhenworkingwithpreventivemeasures.
• Weshouldlooktostrengthenpeople’shope.Thiscouldbedonebygivingpeopleasenseofagencytohandletheirownlife.Inthisprocessitiscentraltolookathowindividualsperceivepossiblegoalsandpotentialpathwaystothesegoals.Ifyoudonotknowhowtopursueyourgoals,itmightleadtodespair.
Sowhatisit?• Hopeisdefinedas goal-directedthinking inwhichthepersonhastheperceivedcapacitytofindroutestogoals(pathwaysthinking),andthemotivationtousethoseroutes(agencythinking).
• Hopeisthefeelingofwantingsomethingtohappenandthinkingthatitcanhappen
• WebsterDictionary
CONCEPTSOFHOPE• .Youarenotbornwithhope.Hopemustbedeveloped,likeasetofmuscles.
Therearefourkindsofhope:Eachtypeofhope,justlikeeachmuscle,hasaspecialpurpose.Dr.AnthonyScioli
• Attachmenthopeisusedtobuildandkeeptrustingrelationships,haveasenseofconnectiontoothers,andhavestrongsurvivalskills.
• Masteryhopeisusedtobecomestrongandsuccessful,supportedinyourefforts,andinspiredbygoodrolemodels.
• Survivalhopeisusedtostaycalmandfindwaysoutoftroubleordifficultsituations.Itallowsyoutomanageyourfears.
• Spiritualhopeisusedtofeelclosetonatureandallhumanbeingsandtodrawextrastrengthandprotection.
• *Dr.ShaneLopez,ahopeexpert,saysthathopeisthefeelingyouhavewhenyouhaveagoal,areexcitedaboutachievingthatgoal,andthenyoufigureouthowyouachieveit
ResilienceandHOPE• “Welearnourbeliefsystemsasverylittlechildren,andthenwemovethroughlife
creatingexperiencestomatchourbeliefs.Lookbackinyourownlifeandnoticehowoftenyouhavegonethroughthesameexperience.”-LouiseL.Hay
Thesubjectofresilienceinpositivepsychologydealswiththeabilitytocopewithwhateverlifethrowsatyou.Somepeoplecanbeknockeddownbylifeandreturnasastrongerpersonthaneverbefore.Thesepeoplearecalledresilient.
• Aresilientpersonworksthroughchallengesbyusingpersonalresources,strengthsandotherpositivecapacitiesofpsychologicalcapitalsuchashope,optimism,andself-efficacy
Consultationwithadifference• Thefutureisbrighter(M39)• Nevergivingupnomatterwhat((F44)• Havingabig,bigdream(F8)• Whenyourdreamscometrue(F10)• Iguessitistobelieveinsomething(F8)• Hopeispower(M51)• Movingforward(F46)• Seeingmygrandchildren(F60)• Somethinginthefuture(M72)• Havingcouragetoplayfootball(10)• Ifwedon’thavehopewehavenothing(F74)• Havingafuture(F24)• Ifsomeonewasillphysicallyormentally– hopeisthethingthatgetthemthrough(f22)v Hopeiswhensomeoneputsanarmaroundyouwhenyouarereadytoletgo(M23)• Hopeisbelievingthingswillgetbetter(F31)• Hopemeanslife(M68)• Itgetsmeupandkeepmegoingandweshouldhelpouryoungfolksgetitandmaybetheywouldnot
feelsohopeless(F79)
Whattheevidenceistellingus• ResearchsuggeststhatHOPEisateachableskill(Rand&Cheavens,2008)• IthasalsobeenfoundthatagreaterlevelofHOPEresultsingreater
well-being,andthefactthatHOPEisvitaltosuccess(Scioli,2009).• Relevantresearchstudiesthathavebeenperformedtodetermine
theriskfactorsofsuicide,indicatethathopelessnessisaprimarypredictorofsuicide.Hopelessnessisassociatedwithsuicideattempts,althoughthefactormaybeconfoundedbythepresenceofdepression(Wilkinsonetal,2010)
• Primarypredictorsofsuicideincludehopelessnessanddepression.(AssociationofPhysicians,2004).
• HigherHopecorrespondstogreateremotionalandpsychologicalwell-being,greateracademicperformance,andenhancedpersonalrelationships(Snyder,2003)
•
PROGRAMMEDELIVERYPROGRAMMESBEGININTHEAUTUMN– 5SESSIONX2Hours
• Session1- DefiningHope• Session2- WhyIsHope
Important• Session3-TheBrainAnd
Hope• Session4- HowToCreateA
HopefulMind• Session5- HopefulPurpose
– Connecting,passion/purpose
Springbeginswithafollowon6x2hoursessions
• Session6- DiscussingHope• Session7- HopefulGoals
andPathways• Session8- Ahopeful
approachtochange• Session9- Challengesto
hope• Session10- Givinghope
Session3TheBrainandHope• Upstairs– Wherewedoourthinking,imagination,ourlearning- sound
decisions,makingplansself- understanding,learnnewthingsandwefeelhope
• DOWNSTAIRS• Basicfunctions– survivalbreathing,blinking,heartrate,fightorflightorfreeze,strong
emotions,suchasangerorfear(Siegel,DJ,Bryson,T.P.2011)
ExamplesessionfiveConnecting,PassionAndPurposeAnimportantaspectofstrongHOPEishavingapurposeCharlieTheComicStory
CharlestheComicCharleswasasmartboywhowasalwaysplacedinadvancedmathclass.Charles’parentsandfamilywereveryproudofthesemathsskillsandtoldeveryoneaboutthem.Theneighbours,theirfriends,andeventhepeoplewhoworkedatthegrocerystoreknewCharleswasgoodatmath.EventhoughCharleswasgoodatit,mathdidnotmakehimhappy.Charlesshowedupeverydaytomathclassdreadingthework.Onedayatlunch,Charlessatnexttoagirl,Jasmine,whowasdrawinglotsofsmallpicturesinarow.
Whatareyoudoing?”Charlesasked.“Makingcomics,”Jasmineresponded.CharleswatchedJasminedrawcomicsalllunchperiod.Hewasfascinatedwithhowmuchdetailsheputintohercharactersandthefunnythingsshehadthemsay.
ComebacktomorrowandI’llteachyouhowtomakeyourowncomics,”JasminetoldCharles.Thenextday,Charlescametolunchpreparedwithsomeblankpaperandapencil.JasminetaughtCharlestipsondrawingcomics,sharedsomebookswithhimaboutmakingcomics,andintroducedCharlestoafewotherfriendswhodrewcomicstoo
Charleslearnedthatheloveddrawing.HelikedthattherewerelinesandboxesinthecomicsthatremindedhimofsequencesandPatternsinmathsthathealreadyknewwell.Whathereallylovedwasthathecouldmakeworldscometolifeonhispage.WheneverCharleshassparetime,henowdrawscomics.Hesharesthemwithfriendsandfamilyandeveryoneenjoysreadinghisstories.ThismakesCharlesfeellikethereismeaninginhislifeandhefeelsspecial.Whenheseesotherpeoplelaughandlearnfromhisdrawings,Charlesfeelstheyarenotjusthispassion,butalsohispurpose.
HAVINGAHOPESUPPORTER!!!• AHopeSupporterissomeonewhoknowsandappreciatesyou,seesyourstrengths,andhelpsyoukeepahopefulmind.Theyareimportanttoourhope.Ittakesateamtoachievemostgoals.
• It’salwaysimportanttoaskforhelp.Thesesupportershelpustowardourdreams
Hopenetwork• MyFriendsonwhomIcancount:• _____________________________________________________________________________________________• _____________________________________________________________________________________________• FamilymemberswithwhomIfeelcomfortablesharingmyfeelings:• _____________________________________________________________________________________________• _____________________________________________________________________________________________• Relative(e.g.,aunt,uncle,cousin,grandparent)withwhomIcantalk:• _____________________________________________________________________________________________• _____________________________________________________________________________________________• Facultyandstaff(e.g.,teacher,counselor,coach)Icangotoforsupport:• _____________________________________________________________________________________________• _____________________________________________________________________________________________• SomeoneImightbeabletocountoneventhoughwearenotalwaysclose:• _____________________________________________________________________________________________• _____________________________________________________________________________________________• Somethingsacredtome(pets,nature,music):
___________________________________________________________________________________________
AdaptedfromtheStudentPersonalResourceSurveyOpalewski andRobertson(2007),p.13HopeNetwork
EvaluationtodateSchoolsforHope:ImplementationwithLateElementaryStudentsattheFifthGradeLevelInternationalFoundationforResearchandEducationonDepression
KathrynGoetzke,PennyTate,HarshPatel&KristinLewis
ü Preandpostquestionnaireü Resultsof testing concluded the effectiveness oftheprogram with an overall
increase in student comprehension ofmaterial and contents.ü Additionally,feedbackfrom educators and students was collected with indicated
Reportsofoverall satisfaction,support,and a desire to continue forward withtheprogram
ü Thehopecurriculumprovedtobeaneffectivemeansofteachingtheconceptofhope
ü Furtherresearchisneededtoseethelongitudinalimpact
WESTERNAREA• Producedtrainingpacks• Trained30peoplefromStat,Vol,communityPilotone– Introducetheprogrammein5primaryschoolsinitiallyintheouterwestarea(P5- P6)andtwosecondaryschools
• UniversityofUlster(DrKarenKirby)areassistingwiththepreandpostevaluation
• StronglinkswithourcolleaguesinIfredandsharethelearning
• ProducinginitialevaluationfindinginJune
RESEARCHTOEVIDENCE• Theaimofthepilotevaluationwastoassesstheeffectiveness
oftheSchoolsforHopeprogrammeinbeingableto:
• improvelevelsofhopeinchildrenandyoungpeople,• increaseawarenessandimprovementrecognising‘feelings’
andemotionalregulation,• Increaseemotionalresilienceandcopingskills• Ifpresent- beabletoshowreductionsinpotentiallevelsof
anxietyand/ordepressivesymptoms
• The‘Hopescale’wasassessedpre/postandinsessionbysessiontoevaluateimprovementsinHopeoverthecourseofthe10weekprogramme.
• Preandpostmeasuresonly• TheHopelessnessScaleforChildren(HSC).• HowIfeelQuestionnaire• SpenceGeneralisedAnxietyMeasureforchildren
QuestionnaireSurveypackforPrimarySchoolchildren
QuestionnaireSurveypackforPostPrimarySchoolchildren
• TheDifficultiesinEmotionalRegulationQuestionnaire-ShortForm(DERS-SF)
• TheMeasureofChildandAdolescentCopingScale• AdolescentResilienceQuestionnaireRevised(ARQ-R)• GAD-7Anxiety• TheBeckHopelessnessScaleforChildren• RosenbergSelfEsteemScale
THEFUTURE!!!!• EverychilddeservesHOPEandtheopportunitytofacelife,equippedwiththeessentialtoolsforemotionalwellness.Withtheseskillsinplace,wenotonlyareprovidingthepathforalifeoffulfillmentandsuccess,butwearepreventingtheconsequenceshopelessnessmaybring.
LENDMEYOURHOPELendmeyourHopeforawhileIseemedtohavemislaidmineLendmeyourhopeforawhile
LostandlonelyfeelingfollowmeIseedaysfilledwithsadnessandfearLendmeyourhopeforawhile
LentmeyourhopeforawhileandonedayIwillhealandthenIwilllendmyrenewedhopetootherslendmeyourhopeforawhileANON
HOPEcanbegentle,quietandstill.
References• Scioli,A,Aplaceforhopeintheageofanxiety,GainHope.com,
http://www.gainhope.com/hope/default.cfm• Cheavens,Jennifer;Dreer,Laura(2008).You’vegottohavehope:studiesshow‘hopetherapy
fightsdepression’.http://research news.osu.edu/archive/apahope.htm• Mazza,James;Catalano,Richard;Abbott,Robert;Haggerty,Kevin(2011).Anexaminationof
thevalidityofretrospectivemeasuresofsuicideattemptsinyouth.JournalofAdolescent• Health.Vol.49,Issue5,532--537.http://www.jahonline.org/article/S1054--139X(11)00127--
-3/abstractSher,L.• TheAssociationofPhysicians(2004).Preventingsuicide.QJM:AnInternationalJournalof
Medicine.Vol.97,Issue10,677--680.OxfordUniversityPress.http://qjmed.oxfordjournals.org/content/97/10/677.full
• Scioli,Anthony(2009).HopeintheAgeofAnxiety.OxfordUniversityPress.