sfg2200 v2 public disclosure authorized
TRANSCRIPT
MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY AND TRADE THE WORLD BANK
RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
Credit code: IDA Cr.4564-VN
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
COC SAN SMALL HYDRO POWER PROJECT
LAO CAI PROVINCE
For Lao Cai Renewable Energy (Vietnam) JSC
Lao Cai, September 2015
SFG2200 V2
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ABBREVIATIONS
MONRE Ministry of Natural Resource and Environment
DSP Dam safety Panel
EPC Environmental protection commitment
EMP Environmental management plan
GDoE General Directorate of Energy
SHB Sai Gon – Hanoi Joint Stock Commercial Bank
SHP Small hydropower project
MOIT Ministry of Industry and Trade
REDP Renewable Energy Development Program
QCVN Vietnamese Standard
QLMT Environmental management
UBND People Committee
VH-LS Historical – Culture
WB The World Bank
3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SCREENING OF SAFEGUARD POLICIES FOR SUBPROJECT UNDER
REDP ................................................................................................................. 4
1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................... 16
1.1. Project background .............................................................................. 16
1.2. Project Sponsor .................................................................................... 16
1.3. Objectives of the project ...................................................................... 16
1.4. Organizing the project and implementing the EMP ............................ 16
2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION .................................................................. 17
2.1. Project Location ................................................................................... 17
2.2. Project description................................................................................ 18
2.3. Construction method ............................................................................ 19
3. LEGAL AND TECHNICAL BASIS TO IMPLEMENT EMP ........... 20
3.1. Legal and technical documents ............................................................ 20
3.2. Technical basis applied in EMP ........................................................... 21
4. KEY ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ISSUES .......................... 22
4.1. Environmental issues ........................................................................... 22
4.2. Key Social Issues ................................................................................. 38
5. MITIGATION MEASURES FOR NEGATIVE IMPACTS ............... 39
6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN .................................... 60
7. COMPLANATION ON ENVIRONMENT AND PENALTY ........... 75
8. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CAPACITY BUILDING
PLAN .............................................................................................................. 75
8.1. Development phase .............................................................................. 75
8.2. Construction and operation phases ...................................................... 75
9. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COST ESTIMATION ........ 76
10. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE ............................ 78
10.1. Public consultation ............................................................................... 78
10.2. Disclosure ............................................................................................. 82
List of reference documents ............................................................................ 83
Annex 1. List of people who prepared EMP ................................................... 84
Annex 2: Responsibility of construction supervision consultant .................... 85
Annex 3. The approval documents on EPC .................................................... 90
Annex 4. Minute of Public Consultation Meetings ........................................ 92
Annex 5: Approval for reclamation, change of land use purpose for
implementation of the Project ....................................................................... 112
Annex 6. Public consultation meeting pictures ............................................. 114
Annex 7: Site photos ..................................................................................... 116
4
SCREENING OF SAFEGUARD POLICIES FOR SUBPROJECT UNDER REDP
TABLE A: COC SAN HYDRO POWER PROJECT SCOPING CHECKLIST
ISSUE
RELEVANT?
OUTCOME
Is the subproject located in or near a
national park or other government
designated protected area?
NO
If a dam, is the subproject more than 15 m
in height? YES
DSP has reviewed
If a dam, is the subproject 3 million cubic
meters in capacity? NO
DSP has reviewed
Will the subproject result in change of land
use and resettlement of affected people?
YES
Agricultural land has been
acquired for project.
There is only 1 household
in project area have to
resettlement.
Compensation and
resettlement plan has been
made.
Do ethnic minorities live or use the area
affected by the project? YES
Ethnic plan has been
made.
Will the subproject affect physical or
cultural resources that may be significant? NO
Is the subproject situated on or near to an
international waterway? YES
Coc San SHP is located
on the Dum River. Dum
River is primary branch of
Thao River which rises at
the high mountain in
China and flows through
Sa Pa, Lao Cai province,
Vietnam then discharges
into Hong River
belonging to Bac Cuong
commune, Lao Cai city.
Therefore, the
international water way of
WB (OP/BP 7.05) is
applied for this project
Has an EIA/EPC been completed?
YES
EPC was approved by Bat
Xat district people
committee by Decision
No. 23/ UBND-GXN
dated 7 December, 2007
and Sa Pa district people
committee by Decision
No. 1024/UBND-TNMT
dated 11 December, 2007.
Have all Approvals from Lao Cai
Province’s People’s Committee been YES
5
ISSUE
RELEVANT?
OUTCOME
obtained?
Has public consultation of those people
potentially affected by the subproject been
undertaken? YES
Consultation meetings
were held by developer
with participants from
representatives of affected
households and local
authorities of Tong Sanh,
Coc San communes, Bat
Xat district, Trung Chai
commune, Sa Pa district,
Lao Cai province.
Has an environmental management plan
been completed? YES
Will the subproject affect downstream
flows, ecology and those living
downstream? YES
Consideration was taken
during preparation of
EMP
Have construction impacts been fully
mitigated? YES
Consideration was taken
during preparation of
EMP
Will the subproject result in construction of
new access roads and how will access be
managed? YES
Consideration was taken
during preparation of
EMP
Will the subproject result in construction of
new transmission line and how will be
managed? YES
Consideration was taken
during preparation of
EMP
6
TABLE B:
PRESCREENING DOCUMENT CHECKLIST
DOCUMENT
INCLUDED?
Feasibility Study Yes
Approved EIA Yes
Environmental Management Plan Yes
Compensation Plan Yes
Ethnic Minority Plan Yes
Approval documents of Environmental
protection commitment by Bat Xat district
people committee and Sa Pa district people
committee.
Yes
Dam safety review by Dam Safety Panel Yes
Other approvals: if required Yes
7
TABLE C. SCREENING OF WB’s SAFEGUARD POLICIES
Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01): potential environmental impacts of the
subproject includes those relevant to land acquisition, vegetation cover loss, impact
to terrestrial ecosystem, air pollution by dust, exhaust gases, noise from
construction activities, impact of surface water quality, water usage in downstream,
aquatic bio-diversity as well as impact of landslide, erosion, sedimentation etc.
These impacts can increase cumulative effects of the whole cascade. However,
these impacts could be mitigated.
8
* Result from the surveys shows that land from sensitive areas is not acquired for project.
ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD
SCREENING CRITERIA
APPLIES, YES OR
NO (tick )
OP/BP 4.04: Natural Habitats
Natural habitats are defined as land and water areas where the ecosystems' biological
communities are formed largely by native plant and animal species, and human activity has
not essentially modified the area's primary ecological functions.
1. Is the subproject located within any National Biological
Conservation Areas, (NBCAs), and National/Provincial/District
Protected Areas (NPAS, PPAs, DPAs)? (If yes, subproject is
excluded)
Yes □ No
2. Will the subproject result in significant degradation or
conversion of habitats and/or forests in protected areas, proposed
protected areas or areas that are considered of special ecological
significance? If yes, what is the consequence?(If yes, subproject is
excluded)
Yes □ No
3. Will the subproject aim to bring about changes to the
management, protection, or utilization of natural forests or
plantations, whether they are publicly, privately, or communally
owned?(If yes, subproject is excluded)
Yes □ No
4. In the case of a biomass subproject, will the subproject
undertake commercial harvesting of forests (e.g., for fuel for
biomass plant)?
(If yes, subproject is excluded)
Yes □ No
5. Is the subproject located within the buffer zone of any National
Biological Conservation Areas, (NBCAs), and
National/Provincial/District Protected Areas (NPAS, PPAs,
DPAs)? (if yes, subproject is eligible but requires permit)
Yes □ No
6. Will the subproject affect a forested area? (If yes, subproject is
eligible but requires permit of the owner or of the district’s
People’s Committee).
Yes
No
Based on the above screening, does OP/BP 4.04 apply? No
If the answer to questions 1-4 is YES, OP/BP 4.04 will apply and the subproject is NO
ELIGIBLE for refinancing
9
ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD
SCREENING CRITERIA
APPLIES, YES
OR NO (tick )
OP/BP. 4.10: Ethnic Minorities (Indigenous Peoples)
Are ethnic minority people present/reside in the project area?* YES
NO
* The project made Ethnic Minority Planning Framework to implement
ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD
SCREENING CRITERIA
APPLIES, YES
OR NO
(tick )
OP/BP 4.11: Physical Cultural Resources Physical cultural resources include
movable or immovable objects, sites, and structures, groups of structures, natural
features and landscapes that have archeological, paleontological, historical,
architectural, religious, aesthetic or other cultural significance.
Will the subproject cause temporary or permanent relocation or
any other type of impact on physical cultural resources known to
be of local, regional or national significance based on national or
Provincial lists, proposed national or Provincial lists and/or
identified during public consultation with local affected groups?
YES
□ NO
Are any physical cultural resources considered especially
important or sensitive particularly to local groups (e.g. tomb
sites)?
YES
□ NO
Are chance find procedures in place? YES
NO □
Based on the above screening, does the physical Cultural
Resources Apply? NO
10
ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD
SCREENING CRITERIA
APPLIES, YES OR
NO
(tick )
* There is 1 household has to resettlement, the resettlement and compensation plan has
been prepared.
O.P. 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement
The Involuntary Resettlement safeguard will apply in those situations involving involuntary
taking of land and involuntary restrictions of access to legally designated parks and
protected areas. The policy aims to avoid involuntary resettlement to the extent feasible, or
to minimize and mitigate its adverse social and economic impacts.
1. Is any land used by people/organizations likely to be acquired
as a result of the subproject? Yes No □
2. Will any subproject activity involve restrictions of use on
adjoining land? Yes □ No
3. Is land ownership affected by the subproject? Yes No □
4. Will there be a loss of housing or assets or incomes of local
people/organizations? Yes No □
5. Will any social or economic activities be affected by land use
related changes? Yes No □
If the answer to any of the above questions is YES, OP/BP 4.12 Apply and a Resettlement
Plan in accordance with Resettlement Policy Framework is required.
11
ENVIRONEMENTAL SAFEGUARD
SCREENING CRITERIA
APPLIES, YES OR
NO (tick )
OP/BP 4.37 Dame Safety Policy
1. Is the dam height is 15 meters or greater? Yes
No
2. Is dam storage 3 million cubic meter or more? Yes
No
3. The dam height is between 10 and 15 meters but the dam
presents special complexities (for example large flood-
handling requirement, location in a zone of high seismicity,
foundations that are complex and difficult to prepare, or
retention of toxic materials?
Yes No
4. Is the dam is expected to become a large dam during the
operation of the facility?
Yes
□
No
5. Based on the above screening is the REDP subproject
considered to be a large dam and will a Dam Safety
Assessment be required?*
Yes
No
12
ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARD
SCREENING CRITERIA
APPLIES, YES OR
NO (tick )
* Coc San SHP is located on the Dum River. Dum River is primary tributary of Thao River
which rises at the high mountain in China and flows through Sa Pa, Lao Cai province,
Vietnam then discharges into Hong River belonging to Bac Cuong commune, Lao Cai city.
Therefore, the international water way of WB (OP/BP 7.05) is applied for this project
Overall Safeguard Compliance
Does the subproject comply with the aforementioned World
Bank Safeguards?
YES
NO □
Based on the screening results above it could conclude that Coc San project is
categorized B level of WB environmental safeguard policy.
OP/BP 7.50 Projects on International Waterways
The objective of OP/BP 7.50 is to ensure that World Bank-financed projects affecting
international waterways would not affect relations between the World Bank and its
Borrowers and between states and also not affect the efficient utilization and protection
of international waterways. It applies to projects that involve the use and/or potential
pollution of international waterways. OP/BP 7.50 does not apply to run of the river
projects.
Is the subproject the first subproject downstream of a river
that flows from another country? YES NO
Is the proposed subproject the last project on a river that flows
into another country? YES NO
Will the subproject utilize water from or into a river or river
tributary that flows to or through or forms a border with a
neighboring country?
YES NO
Will the subproject discharge water from or into a river or
river tributary that flows to or through or forms a border with
a neighboring country?
YES NO
If a biomass subproject, does the subproject utilize or
discharge water from, or into a river or river tributary that
flows to a neighboring country, or that forms a boundary with
a neighboring country.
YES NO
TABLE D: ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS AND EMP REQUIREMENTS
Issue or Environmental Concern
(Note: Social issues and concerns are dealt elsewhere)
Is Issue or Concern
Addressed in EIA or
EPC? Yes or No
(tick )
Is Issue or Concern
Addressed in EMP?
Yes or No
(tick )
Required
Action or
Follow-up
YES NO YES NO
Air quality impacts on local communities?
Noise?
Dust?
Is in a Seismically Active or Geotechnical Unstable
Area?
Affects Integrity of Protected Areas?
Impacts on Migratory, Rare, Threatened or Endangered
Species?
Impacts on Biodiversity?
Considers Downstream Impacts?
Affect Environmental Flows?
Affect Downstream Water Quality?
Affects Fish or Fisheries?
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Issue or Environmental Concern
(Note: Social issues and concerns are dealt elsewhere)
Is Issue or Concern
Addressed in EIA or
EPC? Yes or No
(tick )
Is Issue or Concern
Addressed in EMP?
Yes or No
(tick )
Required
Action or
Follow-up
YES NO YES NO
Considers Off-site Impacts (e.g. Borrow Pits and
Aggregates)?
Aesthetic and Visual Impacts?
Impacts Cultural Property or Resources?
Causes Increased Erosion and Sedimentation During
Construction?
Involves Construction of New Access Roads?
Involves Construction of Worker Camp(s)?
Has Chance Find Procedures In Place for Physical and
Cultural Resources?
Has Waste Management Plan (Solid and Liquid Wastes)
in Place?
Is there a Reclamation Plan In Place?
Have Subproject Contingency and Notification Plan in
case of Accident or Event (e.g. Release)?
Has Included EMP and Environmental Protection
Measures as Part of Contract Provisions?
15
Issue or Environmental Concern
(Note: Social issues and concerns are dealt elsewhere)
Is Issue or Concern
Addressed in EIA or
EPC? Yes or No
(tick )
Is Issue or Concern
Addressed in EMP?
Yes or No
(tick )
Required
Action or
Follow-up
YES NO YES NO
Has EMP Monitoring and Supervision Procedures in
Place?
Includes Costs and Time line for EMP?
Are there any other issues of concern about the
subproject that is listed in the EIA over and above the
aforementioned issues that should be addressed?
16
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Project background
Coc San Hydropower project is invested by Lao Cai Renewable Energy
(Vietnam) Joint Stock Company. It is located on the Dum River, the second
tributary of Hong River in Lao Cai province, The Dum River originates from the
high mountain at altitude of 2.200m in China, flows through Sa Pa district along
the South-West direction then pours into Hong River of Bac Cuong commune,
Lao Cai city. Coc San project locates at middle of Dum River, between Mong
Sen headwork and Coc San power plant.
The headwork of the project is located along to the National road 4D in
the direction from Lao Cai to Lai Chau. It is far from the National road 4D and
Lao Cai city towards South-West direction around 2 km and 20 km,
respectively. The entire reservoir and headwork of Coc San hydropower project
lay in communes of Coc San, Tong Sanh, Bat Xat district and Trung Chai
commune, Sa Pa district, Lao Cai province, There are many high tension poles,
telecommunication poles in the project area.
Coc San hydropower’s installed capacity is 29.7MW; average power
output is about 127.89 million kWh, with headrace structure, daily regulation,
close energy route and powerhouse. Intake and discharge of water are on the
same stream. The main parameters: catchment area: 99.6 km2, normal water
level: 702 m, dead water level: 699 m, the entire reservoir capacity: 231.6
million m3, the area of the reservoir corresponding to the normal water level:
0.481 km2, design flow (Qtk): 7.2 m
3/s; yearly average flow (Q0): 4.6 m
3/s;
assurance flow (Qđb): 0,996 m3/s.
Coc San hydropower project is in the master plan of small hydropower of
Lao Cai province and it was allowed to be prepared the investment report by the
provincial People’s Committee.
1.2. Project Sponsor
The project is expected to be refinanced from REDP funded by WB
through the SHB.
1.3. Objectives of the project
The main objective of the project is generating electricity with average
output of 127.89 million kWh, in addition to contributing to improving
infrastructure, creating revenues for local budget, restructuring the economy and
promoting social and economic development locally.
1.4. Organizing the project and implementing the EMP
Developer: Lao Cai Renewable Energy (Vietnam) Joint Stock Company.
Project design Consultancy: Energy Development and Consulting Co.
Ltd and China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research (IWHR).
The developer, Lao Cai Renewable Energy (Vietnam) Joint Stock
Company will manage and monitor the project. Developer has appointed social-
17
environmental staff to perform tasks related to environmental protection of the
project.
Under the regulation of the World Bank: The developer is responsible for
preparation and implementation of environmental management plan.
Environmental consultant supports the investor to prepare the Environmental
Management Plan in accordance with the policy framework for environmental
safety in the REDP which has been approved by Ministry of Industry and Trade
and ratified by World Bank.
Under the regulation of Vietnam: The project has reservoir capacity of
231.6 million m3 so the developer has made report of environmental protection
commitment (EPC) and the EPC has approved by Bat Xat district people
committee under certificate No. 23/UBND-GXN dated 7 December, 2007 and
has approved by Sa Pa district people committee under certificate No.
1024/UBND-TNMT dated 11 December, 2007.
2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1. Project Location
Coc San hydropower project locates on the Dum River, belongs to Coc
San, Tong Sanh communes, Bat Xat district and Trung Chai commune, Sa Pa
district, Lao Cai province. The dam route is located at Eastern longitude
103°54′12″ and Northern latitude 22°24′52″ in Trung Chai commune, Sa Pa
district. The power house is located at Eastern longitude 103° 56’37” and
Northern latitude 22° 26’27” in Coc San commune, Bat Xat district.
The project is far from the National road 4D and Lao Cai city towards
South-West direction around 2 km and 20 km, respectively. Base on the small
hydro power master plan of Lao Cai province, Dum River consists of 3 cascades
in succession namely Chu Linh, Coc San and Coc San Ha. Chu Linh small
hydropower project is upstream with installed capacity of 11 MW and Coc San
Ha is downstream with installed capacity of 1.4 MW.
The main works consists of headwork and energy route. The headwork
includes dam, spillway on the Dum River. The close typed energy route consists
of tunnel, intake gate, penstock, well, open typed powerhouse, discharging water
into Dum River. The reservoir locates in Trung Chai commune, Sa Pa district
and the whole energy route locates in two communes of Coc San, Tong Sanh,
Bat Xat district, Lao Cai province.
The project site is far from the nearest community around 500 m. There is
not any public work or household in the project area. The project is far from the
National road 4D in directions from Lao Cai to Lai Chau about 2 km. There are
a lot of high tension poles, telecommunication poles in project area. The project
area does not lie within the range of natural protected areas and national parks.
The National Forest Hoang Lien – Sapa is far from the project’s headwork
around 40 km on the Southwest direction.
18
Figure 1: Location of SHP Coc San in Lao Cai province
2.2. Project description
Table 2.1: Parameters of main components of subproject
No. Parameter Unit Value
I Reservoir
1 Catchment area km2 99,6
2 Reservoir area corresponding to normal
water level
103
m2 45,3
3 Gross storage 103m
3 231,6
4 Useful storage 103m
3 103,9
II Hydrology
1 Annual average water volume 106
m3 145
2 Annual average flow rate m3 4,61
3 Normal water level m 702
Location of SHP Coc San 29.7 MW
Coc San SHP
19
4 Death water level m 699
5 Designed flow rate (Qtk) m3/s 8,04
6 Annual average flow rate (Q0) m3/s 4,6
7 Assurance flow (Qđb) m3/s 0,996
III Powerhouse
1 Calculated water level m 515,17
2 Installed capacity m 29,7
3 Assurance capacity MW 4,48
4 Number of unit unit 3
5 Annual electricity production 106kwh 127,89
Source: Decision on approval of basic design
2.3. Construction method
Material, equipment:
Lao Cai Renewable Energy (Vietnam) Joint Stock Company will hire contractors
to build main work items such as dam, tunnel, intake gate, powerhouse,
switchyard, transmission line, access-internal roads. Rock after excavation of dam
foundation, powerhouse foundation, tunnels will be gathered to storage sites
which are approved by local authorities. This rock will be grinded to reuse for
project construction. It is estimated that around 68,100m3 of rock will be used
for project in which 37,500m3 of rock will be reused from excavation of dam
and powerhouse foundations and underground works. The shortage of rock will
be purchased from dealers in Lao Cai city or Sa Pa district. Sand, cement, steel,
iron, and construction material will be bought at Lao Cai city or Sa Pa districts
which are around 20 km far from project site. The volume of materials will be
transported by batch in accordance with the construction schedule.
Transportation:
Access road: Access road of project is very convenient. The National road No.4D
is mainly used as access road (Lao Cai - Lai Chau direction) then go along the
communal road at Coc San commune to project site. The developer must
upgrade 2 km of this road as access road.
Switchyard and transmission lines:
Electricity supply system for construction will be taken from 35 kV voltages
transmission line nearby construction site. Besides, the backup 200 kV diesel
generator is arranged at dam site in case cut-off electricity.
Project has to build 798m of 110 kV transmission line which connects from
switchyard of power plant to the existing national grid (110 kV Lao Cai – Phong
Tho transmission line) at Lai Chau province.
Construction organization:
The Coc San hydropower project is expected to take 2.5 years to completion of
construction phase. Activities of excavation/backfilling of soil/rock at all project
20
components, placing large grain size concrete at dam, placing concrete at
spillway are done in dry season while steel reinforcement, on-site formwork at
powerhouse and penstock is implemented in rainy season
Water supply: Water for construction is taken from Dum River. Domestic water
is taken from slots of small streams then filtered by man-made tanks before
using.
Campsites and auxiliary facilities:
There are about 300 workers on site at peak time. 2 campsites with the area of
about 1,800 m2 are arranged at the downstream of dam. These camps are
installed solidly and have water filtration tanks and septic toilets. The auxiliary
facility with area of 4,000 m2 which is arranged at the dam site, auxiliary blocks
No. 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 consists of steel shuttering, form-work shop, fitting shops,
water-electric base, specialized hydraulic laboratories, explosive storage. The
rock reused storages and disposal grounds with the area of 4.1ha are arranged at
downstream of powerhouse.
3. LEGAL AND TECHNICAL BASIS TO IMPLEMENT EMP
3.1. Legal and technical documents
Water Resources Law No. 17/2012/QH13 dated June 21, 2012;
Environmental Protection Law No. 55/2014 / QH13 dated June 23, 2014;
Forest development and protection Law No. 29/2004/QH11 dated December 3,
2004;
Electricity Law No. 28/2004/QH11 dated December 3, 2004 and the Electricity
Law No. 24/2012/QH13 dated November 20, 2012, amending and supplementing
a number of articles of the Electricity Law No. 28/2004/QH11;
Land Acquisition Law No. 45/2013/QH13 dated November 29, 2013
Decree No. 149/2004 /ND-CP dated July 27, 2004 of the Government on
regulating the licensing of exploration, exploitation and use of water resources,
discharge of waste water into water sources;
Decree No.197/2004 /ND-CP of the Government dated December 3, 2004 on
"Compensation, support and resettlement when the State recovers land".
Decree No. 106/2005/ND-CP dated August 17, 2005 on regulating and guiding
the implementation of some articles of Electricity Law on safety protection of
high-voltage grid
Decree No. 23/2006/ND-CP dated March 3, 2006 of the Government on
enforcement of law of protect and develop forests;
Decree No. 32/2007/ ND-CP dated March 30, 2006 of the Government on
endangered animals and plants management
Decree No. 59/2007/ND-CP dated April 9, 2007 of the Government on solid
waste management
Decree No. 72/2007/ND-CP dated May 7, 2007 of the Government on dam
safety management.
21
Decree No. 112/2008/ND-CP dated October 20, 2008 of the Government on the
integrated exploitation of environmental resources and hydropower reservoirs
management and protection
Decree No. 81/2009/ND-CP dated October 12, 2009 of the Government
amending and supplementing a number of articles of Decree No. 106/2005/ND-
CP of the Government dated August 17, 2005 on regulation and guiding the
implementation of some articles of electricity Law on safety high-voltage grid
protection
Decree No. 69/2009/ND-CP of the Government dated August 13, 2009
additional regulations on land use planning, land prices, land recovery,
compensation, support and resettlement.
Decree No. 18/2015/ND-CP dated February 14, 2015 of the Government on
Environmental protection planning, strategic environmental assessment,
environmental impact assessment and environmental protection plan
Decree No. 67/2012/ND-CP of the Government dated September 10, 2012
amending and supplementing a number of articles of Decree 143/2003/ND-CP of
the Government dated November 28, 2003 detailing a number of articles of the
Ordinance on exploitation and protection of irrigation building
Circular No. 24/2013/TT-BNN dated May 6, 2013 of the Ministry of Agriculture
and Rural Development regulation on alternative forest when converting forests
to other purposes
Circular No. 27/2015/TT-BTNMT May 29, 2015 of the Ministry of Natural
Resources and Environment strategic environmental assessment, environmental
impact assessment and environmental protection plan
Circular No. 12/2011/TT-BTNMT April 14, 2011 of the Ministry of Natural
Resources on hazardous waste management.
Decision of the Prime Minister No. 186/2006/QD-TTg dated August 14, 2006 on
forest management.
Decision No. 68/2008/QD-BLĐTBXH December 28, 2008 of the Ministry of
Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs on regulation of list of equipment,
personal protective equipment for workers doing risk factors and hazardous jobs.
Decision No. 16/2008/QD-BTNMT December 31, 2009 of the Ministry of
Natural Resources and Environment on national environmental standards.
Decision No. 12/2008/QD-BTC of the Ministry of Industry and Trade dated June
17, 2008 on promulgating national standards of electrical safety.
Decision No. 18/2007/QD-PPC October 2, 2007 of Dien Bien People Committee
on regulation of environmental protection in Dien Bien province
Decision No. 19/2007/QD-PPC October 2, 2007 of Dien Bien People Committee
promulgating the regulation on management of usage of water resources in the
Dien Bien province.
3.2. Technical basis applied in EMP
QCVN 05: 2013/BTNMT - National Technical Standard on ambient air quality.
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QCVN 40: 2011/BTNMT - National Technical Standard on industrial waste
water
QCVN 26: 2010/BTNMT - National Technical Standard on noise
QCVN 27: 2010/BTNMT - National Technical Standard on vibration
QCVN 25: 2009 / BTNMT- National Technical Standard on waste water of
landfills
QCVN 19: 2009/BTNMT - National Technical Standard on industrial emissions
of dust and inorganic substances
QCVN 03: 2008/BTNMT - National Technical Standard on permissible limits of
heavy metals in soil
QCVN 08: 2008/BTNMT - National Technical Standard on surface water quality
QCVN 09: 2008/BTNMT - National Technical Standard on groundwater quality
QCVN 14: 2008/BTNMT - National Technical Standard on domestic waste
water
QCVN 02: 2008/BCT - Vietnam standards on safety in the storage, transport,
usage and disposal of industrial explosives
4. KEY ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ISSUES
4.1. Environmental issues
Table 4.1: Environmental issues of project
TT Impacts Impact description
PREPARATION AND CONSTRUCTION PHASE
1 Land acquisition Acquired land for project construction: 52.94 ha
20.33 ha for reservoir
19.66 ha for main components such as penstock,
tunnel gate, underground adits No. 1 and 2,
powerhouse, switchyard, access road etc.
12.95 ha for campsites, disposals, material
storages for project construction.
The whole of acquired land is located in
communes of Coc San, Tong Sanh, Bat Xat
district and Trung Chai commune, Sa Pa district,
Lao Cai province. Share of land use consists of
agricultural land, cultivated forest land, stream and
river land, fallow land with bush, bamboo and
bald land etc.
(Refer Table 4.2 for more detail)
Impact assessment: there is not any household has to
resettlement, a compensation plan needs to prepare to
ensure the interests for impacted households, and the
negative impact is average.
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TT Impacts Impact description
2 Landslide, erosion and
sedimentation
Cause of landslide/erosion
- Construction activities of headwork such as
spillway, penstock, underground No. 1 and 2,
powerhouse, switchyard etc. need to
excavation/backfilling leading to expose of risk of
landslide/erosion at these sites.
- Process of landslide can be increased when
construction of dam and storage water in reservoir
especially at unstable ground. Furthermore, in case
of long, heavy rain and water level rising, the new
land is submerged leading to partial landslide
Project features:
- The geological feature of Mong Sen dam route is
accessed quite well. The left foundation of
powerhouse is stable. In general, work geological
condition of energy route including penstock,
powerhouse in the left side is best.
- Mong Sen reservoir is located at Mong Sen bridge
area, downstream of confluence of Ngoi Dum and
Ta Phin streams. Reservoir is mainly formed base
on stream bed and expanded toward right side so
gentle slope (100-20
0) while the left side is
mountain side with high slope (300-40
0).
- Along to Dum River from Sa Pa to Coc San
powerhouse area, the landslide phenomenon is
frequent occurrence because of high slope of
mountain sides (300-45
0). Coc San powerhouse site
usually experiences landslide. The landslide
phenomenon in vegetation cover and weathered
rock often happens during rainy season.
- At the Coc San powerhouse area on the right and
left sides of Dum River, landslide phenomenon
often occurs at cliff which is along National road
No. 4D and two sides of Ngoi Dum banks at
altitude of +120.0 - +300.0 with the length of 100-
200 m.
In case of exploding mine or excavation of
foundation leading to loss of gravity balance, new
landslide is possible at the powerhouse site which
has high sloping terrain. The contractor should
pay attention when construction and strict
monitoring at the sites exposing to risk of large
landslide so that could apply appropriate
mitigation measures.
Impacts of landslide/erosion:
24
TT Impacts Impact description
- Sedimentation of Dum River and reservoir
- Reduce water quality
- Changing of water flow in downstream
- May damage to life and assets of workers or local
people nearby
Impact assessment: Average negative impact if do
not comply strictly mitigation measures of
landslide/erosion.
3 Impacts on surface
water quality
The main reasons cause to water surface pollution
in the construction phase:
- Domestic waste water from 300 staffs/workers in
project site (at peak time).
- This type of waste water contains BOD5, residue,
TSS organic substance etc.
- In average, each worker uses 31 water litters per
day. If the domestic waste is 80% to the usage
water, the average sewage of 300 workers will be
24.8 m3 per day.
- Wastewater discharging from activities such as
concrete mixing, rock/vehicle/road washing,
vehicle/machine maintaining etc. Wastewater and
run-off water from these sites will cause pollution
of surface water of project area.
- The wastewater from auxiliary facilities contains
highly alkaline concentration. It increases the
alkalinity of Dum River water and nearby streams
if it is directly discharged into these surface water
resources,
- Run-off water runoff often sweeps a large amount
of mud/soil, spilled concrete, waste etc...so it has
high concentration of solids and other impurities. It
causes increasing turbidity in downstream of Dum
River leading sediment deposition in streams’ slot
in the region, affects to life of aquatic plants in
streams and Dum River downstream. If spilled
gasoline, solid waste and construction activities are
not properly managed, this type of waste will
negatively affect to surface water when workers
directly discharge waste to streams and reservoir...
Organic waste from the decomposition of animals
and plants when storing water of the reservoir.
Impacts of surface water pollution
- Increasing of turbidity, reducing of water quality of
25
TT Impacts Impact description
Dum River water.
- Affecting to life of aquatic species
Project features:
Investigation result at project site and downstream
area shows that almost households living in the
surveyed area do not use Dum River water for
domestic usage. They take water from slots of
stream in the mountain to each household by
pipes. The impacts mentioned above do not much
impact to life and human health of local residents.
Decreasing of volume of Dum River water will
negatively impact to cultivation and aquaculture
of downstream. However, this impact only occurs
in the construction phase and can be mitigated.
Impact assessment: average negative impact if do
not comply strictly mitigation measures.
4 Air pollution Causes of air pollution:
- Blasting for construction of internal road, digging
of foundations
- Rock/soil excavation and backfilling
- Material transportation
- Operation of rock grinded/screened stations;
concrete mixed workshops;
- Operation of vehicles; constructed
machines/equipment
- Construction of main components.
For above items, main tasks need to carry out as
below:
- Excavation/backfilling of rock/soil: 1,147.9 x 103
m3
- Concrete works: 73 x 103 m
3
Calculation of estimated dust quantity is emitted
from excavation and backfill activities:
- Total quantity of excavation and backfilling:
1,147.9 x 103 m
3 x 2 ton/m
3 = 2,295.8 x 10
3 tons
- Total dust quantity emits during excavation and
backfilling: 2,295.8 x 103 tons x 0,4 kg/ton =
918.32 x 103
kg
Dust is also strongly emitted from road
construction parallel with activities of rock/soil
excavation and backfilling; material/rock/soil
26
TT Impacts Impact description
transportation; blasting for digging foundations
The dust concentration which emits in project site
may be exceeded the permission if do not apply
mitigation measures.
Besides, the operation of constructed machines,
trucks will emit toxic gas such as CO2, CO, SO2,
NOx, dust
Sand, rock, cement, steel for project construction
will be bought from dealers at Lao Cai city or Sa
Pa district which are far from project site around
20 km. As estimated,
materials/equipment/machines that serve for
project construction is transported in sequence
along National road No 4D, internal communal
roads to project site.
All main works are quite far from internal
communal roads. There is not any public work
including road/irrigation works in project site.
Dust and toxic gas pollution emitted from
construction phase only impact to environment in
narrow space, partial, short-term and depending on
construction time.
Air pollution impacts directly to workers who
work in the construction site and communities of
Coc San commune if no appropriate mitigation
measures are applied.
Transportation of construction material, machines,
equipment will emit dust and toxic gas causing
pollution to residents who live two side of road
during transportation.
Impact assessment: negative average impact in short-
term.
5 Noise Main causes of noise pollution:
- Operation of constructed facilities
- Operation of materials/equipment transported
vehicles
- Operation of concrete mixed stations, rock
grinded/screened workshops
- Blasting, using drilling machines
According to statistic data: 8-12 tons loaded trucks
have the noise level of 91-98 dBA; excavator: 90-
96 dBA; air pressed driller: 94 dBA.
As calculation, the average noise level of
27
TT Impacts Impact description
machines/equipment is around 72-80 dBA in the
distance of 120-200 m. Comparing to QCVN
26:2010/BTNMT, this noise level affect to workers
who are working directly in the constructed site.
Noise pollution may cause seriously negative
impacts to workers who hand directly with
blasting, using driller if they are not quipped by
labor safe equipment. The noise level is not only
generated by blasting, driller but it is increased
strongly by phenomenon of reverberation in
narrow mountainous terrain.
The nearest distance from project site to household
nearby is 500 m. Due to all works is quite far from
communities and noise only occurs in certain daily
time so the noise only impact to workers who work
directly in the construction site.
Impact assessment: average negative impact and in
short-term. This impact may be controlled if
applying appropriate mitigation measures.
6 Pollution cause by solid
waste
Sources of solid waste:
- Dump rock/soil from construction sites, material
transportation and discarded rock/soil from
excavation, drilling, blasting etc.
- Scattering concrete: from concrete mixed stations,
constructed sites, concrete scattering in
transportation process
- Scattering steel: from constructed sites and
productive workshops
- Wood, bamboo: from constructed sites, reservoir
- Domestic solid waste: from campsites, constructed
sites
During construction phase, discarded rock/soil will
be discharged from excavation of topsoil, reservoir
vegetation clearance, from excavation of
foundation serving for construction, constructed
waste containing cement, steel, wood etc. Disposal
of constructed waste without controlling may lead
to trespass forest/cultivated land and water
pollution.
Domestic solid waste: 0.3 kg/person/day x 300
persons = 90 kg/day (at peak time)
Domestic solid waste contains different types of
waste such as food waste, paper, tin waste. It may
cause unpleasant odor in case of not well
28
TT Impacts Impact description
controlling.
In case if clearance of reservoir does not well
leading to disintegrate animals/vegetable bodies
that causes surface water pollution.
Impact assessment: average negative impact, short-
term, could be mitigated if appropriate mitigation
measures are applied.
7 Loss of partly vegetation
cover
Total acquisition land for project is around 52.94
ha
Since the terrain feature of project site is high
mountain and hill with high slope so the vegetation
here is not diverse. Almost the lost vegetation for
project construction is brush, grass and agricultural
trees such as paddy, maize, cassava etc.
The loss of temporary vegetation cover for
disposals, borrowed pits etc. will be restored after
construction phase...
Impact assessment: Low negative impact because
vegetation covers does not diverse with low
economic and preserved value.
8 Impacts of mining (sand,
quarry etc.)
Soil backfilling for project construction is mainly
used for embanking small dyke and road
construction. The volume of soil using for project
is not much so it is estimated that this soil will be
reused from foundation of works, no need to
quarry.
Rock is reused from excavation of foundation of
dam, tunnel, powerhouse and it is screened at site
serving for project construction.
Exploiting rock from excavation of foundation by
blasting on the surface must to use the explosive. It
may cause accident at work due to trench collapse
leading to death/wounded of workers or asset
losses in case if contractors do not comply with
safe regulations.
Blasting for exploiting rock and process of
transportation of rock, sand from the borrow pits to
project site may cause air pollution by dust, toxic
gases, noise, vibration.
Due to sloping terrain, difficult transportation and
almost none of resident live nearby exploiting site
and project site so these impacts only effect to
workers who work directly in project site and local
people who transports nearby and they could be
29
TT Impacts Impact description
mitigated.
Impact assessment: average negative impact and
can control by appropriate mitigation measures.
9 Impacts due to
construction of
transmission line and
access road
During construction, the developer has to upgrade
about 2 km internal road; 798 km 110 kV
transmission line to connect from the project to the
national grid.
Construction of internal roads and transmission
line may cause the following impacts:
- Acquired land must be required for these activities
leading to losing a part of vegetation. The
vegetation cover of project area does not diverse,
mainly bald hill/mountain, brush, grass, partly
agricultural trees such as paddy, maize, cassava
etc.
- The terrain of project area is mainly hill/mountain
with high slope so it is exposed to landslide
leading to risks of health and life for workers
during excavation of pole foundation if the safe
measures are not complied. There is not any
household nearby project site so landslide does not
effect to houses however, landslide or soil/rock
that are swept away to farm will effect to
cultivation.
- Acquisition land is not much. Developer only
acquires small land to build 6 high tension poles
and clearance of vegetation cover for transmission
line corridor to ensure space enough and to comply
with the transmission line safeties, protected
corridor. The length of access and internal roads is
only 2 km. There is not any resident living in the
project area so this impact is small comparing to
other hydropower projects.
- Construction process of 110 kV transmission line
and internal road will cause air pollution by dust
emission during excavation/backfilling of
soil/rock, toxic gases exhaust from operation of
vehicles/machines, noise by blasting, digging
foundation and effect to transportation safety.
These impacts are not remarkable.
- This transmission line will intersect with existing
medium and low voltage transmission lines and
telecommunication cables. It may damage these
lines leading to cut-off electricity/telecom signal
for local area or expose to risks of electrical
accidents for workers or residents. However, the
30
TT Impacts Impact description
length of transmission line is only 972 m so these
impacts are small.
- The transmission line does not cross the army areas
and effect to the historical/cultural monuments of
Lao Cai province.
- Terrain of project area is mainly sloping
mountain/hill so it may expose to risks of
damaging to health or life of workers/local
residents if the safe measures are not applied
during construction.
- Project area has low density of population,
inconvenient traffic system. Construction of
access/internal roads for project will facilitate for
traffic of residents since the existing road is
earthen, narrow so it is quite difficult, dangerous
for local transportation especially in rainy/flood
season.
Impact assessment: average negative impact and it
can be controlled by appropriate mitigation
measures.
10 Effect to terrestrial
ecosystem
Transportation activities in project site may divide
the moving lines of some animal species which is
living in the project site.
Construction activities and land occupation by the
project may cause decreasing of vegetation cover,
and reducing of living space of animals.
Vibration from blasting, rock breaking, operation
of construction equipment will be significantly
impact to the animals living in the project area and
in the forest around the project area. Most of them
here have no rare species, such as birds
(kingfishers, lemon ...), mammals, amphibians
within the project area and surrounding area. They
will be forced to migrate, find new habitat due to
the harassment leading to reduction of number of
species. The remaining species will have
behavioral and living habits change manifest in
order to adapt the changing environment;
Almost of animals fear the noise so the noise from
construction activities such as blasting, rock
breaking, operation of machines will impact to
animals who is living surrounding project area.
Most of them here have no rare species, mainly
bird, small animals (dog, fox, reptile etc.). They
will be forced to migrate, find new habitat due to
the harassment leading to reduction of number of
31
TT Impacts Impact description
species. The remaining species will have
behavioral and living habits change manifest in
order to adapt the changing environment;
The workers might exploit forestry products,
wildlife to use as fuel, food. The hunting of
workers (if possible) will reduce the number of
animals; therefore it will affect the living of
species in the area
Impact assessment: Low negative impact and it
could be controlled if appropriate mitigation
measures are applied.
11 Effect to aquatic species
and fish
Due to the specific characteristics of the
hydropower project, the construction of the energy
route and dams etc. will increase the turbidity of
the stream water at the construction site, affect to
the life of fish, aquatic plants and ecosystems of a
Dum River’s section which runs through the
project area and downstream Coc San hydropower.
Rocks will fill up the habitat, minimize the
photosynthesis capacity, reduce the vision and
predatory ability of freshwater fish, and kill eggs
of some species, living in the Dum River’s section
through the construction site. In addition, the
construction of dam will separate living space of
fish between upstream and downstream of the dam
and reduce the biodiversity of species in the
region.
The strong noise and vibration from machines,
changed water quality because of oil leakage,
domestic and construction waste may negatively
impact to life and reproduction of fish and aquatic
species. Especially, blasting operation will destroy
aquatic animals in the project area
Runoff water on the surface pulling the sand will
increase the turbidity in streams, affect lives of
plants and animals underwater : fish, shrimp, crabs,
snails, frogs, eels, moss, algae, ... the project area
and surrounding areas;
Construction activity of hydropower project
impacts significantly to regional ecosystems,
especially aquatic flora and fauna in the area. The
impact of changes in environmental quality of life
of animals and plants under water only temporary
during the construction phase and in the partial
project area (mainly at the section of the Dum
River that build headwork and power plant).
Ecosystem will gradually recover and species
32
TT Impacts Impact description
diversity will increase as the project goes into
operation stability.
Impact assessment: low negative impact due to
capacity of recovery of ecosystem when project
will be put into operation.
12 Effect to fish and
aquatic life
Construction materials will be bought at dealers in
Lao Cai city or Sa Pa district which are 20 km far
from project site. Machines and equipment will be
transported from Lao Cai city to the site along
National roads No. 4D and internal roads.
The transportation of construction materials and
machines at peak times might affect traffic on
National road No.4D and internal road from Lao
Cai city and Sa Pa district to project area if they are
not be coordinated appropriately.
Traffic accidents can occur to people who travel on
the roads because of operation of heavy trucks.
This effect can be minimized if traffic safety's
regulations are complied with.
Impact assessment: this impact is average negative
and short term
13 Effect on cultural/
historical properties
Result from consultation with authorities and
communities of Coc San, Tong Sanh communes,
Bat Xat district and Trung Chai commune, Sa Pa
district showed that there is not any cultural and
historical relics ranked or under management of
district and provincial People Committee or
cultural and non-cultural property related to ethnic
minority
The developer has developed implementation plans
in case of detecting the monuments of cultural
history ... in the process of building
Impact assessment: low negative impact
14 Effects to natural
preservation area/
national park
The project site is not located within the natural
preservative areas. The project site is 40 km far
from the Hoang Lien Son – Sa Pa National Forest
towards Southwest.
- Impact assessment: no negative impact
15 Risks of mine, fire,
chemical spilling and
building of underground
works
During construction phase, large volume of
materials must be mobilized for building of dam,
reservoir, energy route etc. It is forced to use
explosives, oil, petrol etc. In case if do not comply
to security measures it is easy to expose risk of
exploding, spilling out of oil, petrol cause of forest
fire, vegetation destroying, pollution of air, water,
33
TT Impacts Impact description
soil as well as land slide danger or labour accident
by blasting.
Impact assessment: average negative impact if do
not comply strictly labour safety measures.
OPERATION PHASE
16 Change of flow in
downstream
Coc San hydropower project is under the cascade
of Dum River including 3 power plants namely
Chu Linh, Coc San and Coc San Ha. Coc San
project is downstream of Chu Linh project. Up to
now, Chu Linh and Coc San Ha projects have not
been built.
Coc San project is categorized of headrace, daily
regulation so around 6 km length of downstream of
dam may be dry.
In dry season:
- When storing water in dam, around 6 km length of
downstream from dam to powerhouse will be dry.
- Coc San project uses daily regulated reservoir so in
dry season water from upstream of Dum River will
be storage in dam. Water then is taken through
underground tunnel to penstock and turbines to run
generators. Thus, the 6 km length of stream section
will be partially shortage of water since they will
not receive water from upstream.
- However, based on the 1/10,000 scale map, in the
area of 6 km length there are 5 branches of Dum
River with quite high flow rate which supplement
water to this area event in dry season.
- Due to the climate of Northern region of Vietnam
is rainy and humidity in the spring so dry season
usually lasts about three months from November
last year to January next year
- The affected stream section is located in the
sloping terrain with many big rocks therefore the
aquatic species cannot live here. In the other hand,
there are not any households and agricultural
activities in this section.
- In spite of reduced flow in dry season, the flow is
maintained at least of 0.55 m3/s through discharged
gate. This flow can ensure the minimum volume of
water for aquatic ecosystem of this section.
In the rainy season:
- With presence of reservoir, a part of coming water
is stored in the reservoir to the normal water level
34
TT Impacts Impact description
for power generation and the remaining is
discharged through spillway.
- Due to abundance of water in the rainy season so
change of water flow (water is kept in the reservoir
and then transferred to penstock) in the dry stream
section not affect to life of aquatic species.
- Natural flow: the increase of water flow only
affects to the stream section which locates from the
dam to the powerhouse. However when running
through the winding streams, velocity of water is
strongly down and it nearly returns to the natural
status without the powerhouse.
- Practices from the same projects show that a new
ecosystem is formed in this stream section and it
can adapt to the drier environment.
Regarding the section of downstream behind the
powerhouse:
- The flow is still maintained when water is kept in
the reservoir in both dry and rainy seasons so the
aquatic ecosystem will not be affected remarkably.
- Storing water in the reservoir for electricity
generation not affects to water demand of local
people in downstream since they normally take
water from the higher region for their domestic
water usage.
- The water demand of local people is not much
since low population density and stream water is
not used for agricultural and fishing activities
- Fishing depending on the Dum River’s natural
flow of downstream is generally not much affected
due to the flow through the turbines is still
maintained at 0.996 m3/s in the dry season. This
flow ensures to maintaining the environmental
flow in the downstream during low peak hours in
dry season.
- In closing, changes in flow rates, water levels and
environmental impacts only occur in stream
section which is located from behind dam to the
powerhouse. However, modification in the
downstream is not noticeable because the winding
of Dum River will lessen these impacts strongly.
Impact assessment: average negative impact since
the reservoir only regulates daily with Qtk = 7.2
m3/s, Qđb = 0.996 m
3/s and always maintain the
environmental flow of 0.09 m3/s for dry section
after the dam.
35
TT Impacts Impact description
17 Impairment on water
quality
In case if the waste such as domestic solid waste,
domestic waste water, lubricant contained waste
water from maintaining machines/vehicles is not
well control, it will lead to pollution of Dum
River. However, this impact is not remarkable and
could be mitigated.
In the first time of filling water, water quality
depends on result of cleaning up the reservoir. If it
is well done, pollution of water will be mitigated.
On the other hand because it is daily regulation
hydropower project (storing water and generating
electricity about 5 peak hours a day) so retention
time of water in the reservoir is short. Biomass
was not long soaked in the reservoir which
can frequently exchange water. Therefore, biomass
is slowly decomposed. Water is not polluted as the
larger reservoir which has long retention time of
water.
Experience from similar projects showed that after
about 1-2 years, the quality of the water will return
to the original status without pollution.
Impact assessment: low negative impact if
complying strictly with mitigation measures.
18 Impacts on flora - The formation of the reservoir, water storage for
Coc San hydroelectric power will contribute to
improve the microclimate conditions of the area in
a positive way. Along with the formation of the
reservoir, air humidity of the area also increases,
the air temperature is well conditioned than when
there is no reservoir, create good conditions for
vegetation, trees grow.
Impact assessment: low negative impact if
complying strictly with mitigation measures.
19 Impacts on fauna After the formation of a stable reservoir, small
animals (civets, weasels, foxes, mice ...), birds,
reptiles and amphibians ... tend to go back to living
in the area near the reservoir.
Impact assessment: low negative impact if
complying strictly with mitigation measures.
20 Impacts on fish and
aquatic species
In the early years of flooding, aquatic life is
basically the group of organisms including algae,
siliceous algae, crustaceans etc. They appear
dominantly among the floating creatures.
Density of floating creatures is higher comparing
36
TT Impacts Impact description
to the bottom ones. In dry seasons, density of
floating creatures is lowest in the upstream area. It
is highest in the area nearby upstream and reduces
gradually toward the downstream.
In the flood season, the density of floating
creatures is lowest in the upstream area, highest in
the area near the dam and rising gradually in
downstream.
Fish fauna: During first years of water storage, the
fish prefer flowing waters, preferred spawning
migration will be reduced in number, the floating
fish species such as carp would thrive ...
Impact assessment: average negative impact if
complying strictly with mitigation measures.
21 Noise The operation of 3 units with total installed
capacity of 29.7 MW and a number of other
devices such as oil pump will cause noise ...
Based on the experience from other hydropower
plants, Coc San hydropower is type of is
categorized of headrace, not the one that uses
differential high pressure water column, so that the
noise is not considerable (about 80 dB at 1 m
position). This will meet QCVN 26: 2010/BTNMT
national noise technical standard
Impact assessment: low negative impact if
complying strictly with mitigation measures.
22 EMF Power Plant: Operation of electrical equipment
such as generators, transformers will generate an
electromagnetic field. Electromagnetic field affects
only the workers operating the equipment if they
do not comply with adequate procedures and
regulations for operating electrical equipment.
Effects of electromagnetic fields do not affect the
community as people stay away from the plant and
these impacts could be reduced
Transmission Line: If the line operation does not
comply with the regulations for the power grid
safety corridors, it will affect public health due to
the influence of magnetic field lines, especially the
one who live or work below the wire in unsafe
distance. The statistics show that with the power
grid safety corridors, electromagnetic field
intensity will be less than 5kV/m, which meets
WHO standards. Moreover, the transmission line is
798 meters length and there is no people live or
work under this line so the influence is
37
TT Impacts Impact description
insignificant
Impact assessment: low negative impact if
complying strictly with mitigation measures.
23 Emergency case Dam break incident: The reasons of breaking dam:
Flow and the tide of flood exceeds the maximum
water level according to design (P = 1%); because
flood forecasting is not accuracy so the plant
operation is not prompt when flood happen;
earthquake excitation, but this possibility is not
high. Upon the occurrence of a break in the total
amount of water stored in dams (231.6 x 103 m3)
will overflow downstream, causing artificial
floods, damaging life and property of the people.
This disaster cause serious consequences leading
damage to health and life as well as assets
especially in downstream area. This disaster is
analyzed and forecast in dam safety report.
Fire incident caused by electric shock: During the
operation, electric shock or fire might happen due
to transformer malfunction of electrical distribution
stations ... it will cause casualties to the operator
and economic damage to the developer.
Labor accident: It may occur when workers do not
comply with the safety regulation during the
equipment repair and maintenance. Occupational
accidents might cause workers casualties and
damage the investor’s property
This problem can be minimized if they strictly
comply with regulations on labor safety, fire
prevention and reservoir operation
Impact assessment: average negative impact since
the frequency of accident is low. However, the
responding plans should be prepared carefully and
the training plan should be done yearly.
Table 4.2: Land acquisition by main components in detail
No. Item Value Unit
1 Reservoir + dam 20.33 ha
2
Penstock, underground tunnel,
power plant, internal road etc. 19.66 ha
3 Campsites, auxiliary facilities 12.95 ha
Total 52.94 ha
38
Source: Compensation plan report
Table 4.3: Permanent acquisition by land use in detail
No. Impacted land Value (m2)
1 Paddy land 175,049
2 Milpa land 153,927
3 Cultivated land 7,403
4 Agricultural land 82,190
5 Pond/lake land 2,824
6 Underground land 55,680
7 River and stream 52,346
Total 529,418
Source: Compensation plan report
4.2. Key Social Issues
Table 4.4: Key social issues
No Social issues Information
PREPARATION AND CONSTRUCTION PHASES
1 Impacts to communities
Although the project does not require
resettlement, but withdraw of productive forest
land, agricultural land and land for perennial
crops of 116 households will put pressure change
on production practices and disturb people's life.
People in the project area is mainly ethnic people
with backward customary; therefore the change
of the project will affect the livelihood of some
ethnic minorities households
The process of transporting materials and
machinery for the project may affect traffic of
section 2 km from Nation road No. 4D to the
project site especially at peak time if the vehicle
coordination is unreasonable.
2 Shuffling ordinary life of the
community because of the
It is estimated around approximately 300 staffs
and workers will be mobilized at the peak of
39
No Social issues Information
worker's appearance, conflicts
between construction workers
and local people
construction
Due to the small population density, the effect is
not considerable
The camp sites will be arranged separately far
from Coc San residential area
Relationship between the developer and affected
people living in areas is good. Developer has
experience in managing workers, maintaining
security and order in the area when building the
other projects before.
Security situation of Coc San commune, Bat Xat
district is quite good, social evils like drugs,
robberies, fights are rare ... so the possibility of
conflict between workers and local people is low.
3 Increase livelihood and
income for people living in
adjacent to project area
During construction phase project will attract a
large number of workers; create jobs and income
stability for a segment of the population in the
region.
Ensuring food need and a variety of other
necessities for the field will provide opportunities
for production and commercial service activities
for the inhabitants in development project area.
OPERATION PHASE
4 Positive impact on local
socio-economy
Project will provide local the stability and high
quality power
Building of Coc San hydropower project will also
contribute to restructuring the economy from
agriculture to industry and service, increase
production of the local industry, create jobs and
expand other economic activities, gradually
improve people's lives in project area
Tax revenue from water resource also supplement
the provincial budget
The reservoir may allow the development of
aquaculture in the future; create more jobs and
income for workers.
5. MITIGATION MEASURES FOR NEGATIVE IMPACTS
During construction phase, developer has to sign the contracts with contractors to
build internal roads, switchyard and transmission line, main components such as dam,
40
powerhouse etc. These contractors will sign the subcontracts with the sub-contractors who
provide material/equipment. The responsibilities of developer/contractors/subcontractors
who must comply with mitigation are presented in Table 5.1.
The mitigation measures must be put into the bid documents/contracts by
developer/contractors as obligation of the material provided/constructed contractors. The
Lao Cai Renewable Energy (Vietnam) Joint Stock Company also signs contract to
construction supervision consultant (CSC). The CSC is responsible for monitoring EMP
implementation of contractors. The TOR for CSC is presented in the Annex 2. Nam Mo &
Nam Non hydro power joint stock Company is responsible for joining EMP into detail
technical design and construction biding contractor. The Lao Cai Renewable Energy
(Vietnam) Joint Stock Company assigned one staff who is in charged in environmental
management of Coc San hydropower project. The environmental management staff
presides and coordinates to the relevant agencies to: (i) Monitoring the implementation of
mitigation measures following EMP and EPC; (ii) Supervising, suggesting measures to
deal with negative impacts on environment (if any); (iii) Making report on environmental
management implementation and submit to the Sa Pa and Bat Xat district’s Department of
Natural resource and Environment and leaders of Lao Cai Renewable Energy (Vietnam)
JSC, SHB Bank; (iv) Participating courses on environmental management which are held
by GDoE PMB and WB.
41
Table 5.1: Key Mitigation and Management Measures
Issues Mitigation and Management Measure
PREPARATION PHASE (Lao Cai Renewable Energy (Vietnam) Joint Stock Company is responsible for implementation of mitigation measures)
1. Selection of project location The dam route is located at confluence of two streams of Ngoi Dum and Ta Phin. The intersection
between reservoir and stream has U opened shape at the elevation of +684 - + 687 and width of 55-60
m. The geological condition is weathered original rock with feature of low penetration, high loaded-
resistant. Requirement of dealing with penetration is not much. Dealing with penetration in original
rock may not necessary.
Selection of project site as presented above will take full advantage of available natural terrain;
mitigate excavation of stream banks and impenetrated concrete. Concurrently, it is more convenient
to connect the traffic between National road No. 4D, internal communal roads and project site.
Supported facilities of project is chosen based on the criteria such as far from surface water resource
at least 100 m, explosive storage is arranged far from communities with minimum radius of 500 m.
Scale of road ensures road design standard TCVN 8054-2005 (width face/ foundation, slope,
visibility, radius, angle of twist, body, grooves ...)
Transmission line and switchyard are chosen following the regulations and standards presented in
Decision No 34/2006/QD-BCN on safety of low voltage works.
2. Affected people Consulting with authorities of communes of Coc San, Tong Sanh, Bat Xat district, Trung Chai
commune, Sa Pa district and affected households to propose the appropriate compensation plan
which should meet expectation of affected people.
Compensation plan and its implementation must be monitored by local authorities
Consulting with representative authorities and households of Coc San commune on the location of
disposals to prevent the negative impacts to public health.
42
Issues Mitigation and Management Measure
(See reports of compensation plan and ethnic plan for more details)
3. Risk of bombs and mines Hiring the functional agencies to detect bombs and mines at the following sites:
- Area of all project component sites such as: powerhouse, dam, internal road...
- Reservoir area corresponding to normal water level;
- Transmission line
- Auxiliary facilities (campsites, borrow pits, quarries, construction sites etc.)
- Compensation land areas.
CONSTRUCTION PHASE (Developer/constructed contractors/material, equipment provided sub-contractors are responsible for implementation
of mitigation measures)
4. Risks of mine Developer Coordinating with constructed contractors to prepare appropriate blasting plan.
Responsible for informing of blasting plan to local authorities and residents of Coc San, Tong Sanh
communes, Bat Xat district, Trung Chai commune, Sa Pa district that aims to avoid transportation
and animal grazing at blasting areas.
Coordinating with constructed contractors to assigning the guard, using the warning alarm and traffic
arrangement when blasting.
Monitoring safe measures relating to management and using explosives which are done by
contractors
Constructed
contractors
To discuss and inform to developer on blasting plan so that developer can inform to local authorities
and communities on time.
To comply strictly with current regulations on explosive safety
Workers using explosives must be trained and certificated by the relevant authorities
To prohibit strictly person who do not have certification handing with the explosives.
43
Issues Mitigation and Management Measure
To disseminate frequently to workers on safe regulations in handing with explosives
Blasting should be conducted at fix time to create watchful habit for local people. The time of
blasting should be arranged at low density of traffic so that it can mitigate impacts to local
transportation. The best is lunch time (from 11 am to 1 pm).
To coordinate with developer for assigning the guard, using the warning alarm and traffic
arrangement when blasting.
5. Mining of
quarries
Developer Coordinating with contractors to inform local authorities on blasting and excavation of dam and
powerhouse foundations, tunnels.
Supervising safety of contractors in mining
Supervising environmental rehabilitation by contractors after finishing blasting and excavation.
Constructed
contractors
To comply strictly rules and regulations on technology and safety as well as environmental standards
during blasting for rock exploiting.
To ensure saving resources
Rehabilitation of environment after closing the mines (leveling and ramming the ground, plant trees
in the surface)
6. Management of
constructed &
domestic solid
waste
Developer To arrange rock/soil storage sites with the total area of 4.1 ha that locate at downstream of
powerhouse
They must meet criteria such as at least 100 m far from surface water resources, surrounded edge, do
not effect to Dum River water, cultivated land, do not locate in the areas which are exposed dangers
of landslide/erosion, should located in the hollow grounds to prevent run-off water.
Prohibit staffs/workers to discharge the domestic and constructed solid waste into non-permitted
places especially where it can easily sweep out in to surface water flows.
Monitoring the management of constructed/domestic solid waste of contractors which is presented in
44
Issues Mitigation and Management Measure
item No 6 below.
Prohibiting to burn solid waste to prevent risk of fire.
Constructed
contractors
Sign the contract to Urban Environmental Company, Bat Xat district to collect, treatment of the
domestic solid waste discharging from workers.
Sign the contract to functional agencies of hazardous waste to collect, treatment of construction
hazardous waste.
Top soil layer which is generated in process of foundation excavation, transmission line building is
kept in rock/soil storage sites and reused for planting trees after construction phase
Soil/rock which is generated from excavation, penstock construction etc. is kept in rock/soil storage
sites and re-used to back-filling the foundation of main components as well as borrowed pits
The discarded rock/soil at disposal sites is leveled, rammed closely. The isolated gutter is built to
collect rock/soil in case runoff water happened. Planting tree on the surface of disposals after
construction phase to mitigate sweeping out of rock/soil to stream bed
To prohibit workers discharge the domestic and constructed solid waste into non-permitted places
especially where it can easily sweep out into surface water.
Prohibiting to burn solid waste to preventing risk of fire
7. Vegetation
clearance of the
reservoirs and
construction sites
Developer To establish plan of reservoir clearance and treatment of hazardous substances before storage water
The landmarks which determine boundary of reservoir area for vegetation clearance will be marked.
Before flooding, the reservoir is cleared carefully to mitigate eutrophication and reduction of water
quality.
Prohibiting cutting off trees in the areas that are outside of the reservoir boundary.
To harvest agricultural products before flooding reservoir
Big trees must be cut off at the foot and used for making formwork. Brushwood is cleared and
45
Issues Mitigation and Management Measure
pulled out with the remaining part less than 20 cm.
If safe condition is ensured (without construction activities, transportation of vehicle, blasting, water
flooding and not in flood season etc.), it is allowed to local people collecting trees, products for their
usage.
Developer is responsible for coordinating with local authorities and residents in the process of
vegetation removal in the reservoir and also checking safe conditions prior to permit people
collecting trees.
Burning of disposal biomass must be followed the plan preparing by developer and ensured
compliance with regulations on forest fire prevention. Site of burning points must be far away each
other at least 500 m. Do not burn trees in strong wind conditions to avoid the spread to surrounding
areas.
8. Erosion and
sedimentation
Developer After construction phase, disposal sites and works... are backfilled by soil then rammed, pressed and
planted trees on the top to avoid erosion.
Planting trees and managing well vegetation cover at surrounded areas of reservoir especially at
semi-flooding areas to stabilize the foundation of the reservoir bank, main components and the new
sedimentation areas.
To dredge reservoir bed every 1-2 years/time
To prohibit exploiting of rock/soil or cultivation in the semi-flood areas within reservoir.
Monitoring compliance of landslide/erosion mitigation measures of contractors
46
Issues Mitigation and Management Measure
Constructed
contractors
During excavation of foundation it should be monitor blocks of rock which are exposed to risk of
landslide so that could provide warning and suggest the dealing measures
It should not drill/blast with large amount of rock. Should have the measures to prevent
landslide/erosion of rock which may be rolled from the top to constructing foundation. The gutters
that discharge water from the top should be dug to prevent water run into the foundation. The gutters
which could discharge water rapidly in the foundation area should be created.
The isolated gutters are built at auxiliary facilities such as material temporary loads, disposal sites etc.
to prevent run-off water which can sweep out rock/soil into stream.
After construction phase, the borrowed pits are backfilled by soil then rammed, pressed and planted
trees on the top to avoid erosion.
Activities of construction/excavation/back-filling are priority done in dry seasons.
9. Traffic and
transportation
Developer Monitoring implementation of mitigated measures which are done by contractors
Coordinating to contractors for repairing the damaged road in case the road is damaged because of
overload transportation.
Propagandize to improve awareness of compliance with traffic safe regulations for drivers
Constructed/materia
l supplied
contractors
To ensure all vehicles that use for transportation in project site have to meet standards of technical
safety and emission which are applied for vehicles.
Appropriate regulation of vehicles during construction phase to avoid traffic obstacles for local
people especially at peak time of construction.
To ensure all vehicles meeting loaded permission so that it could mitigate the damage of road.
Responsible for repairing the damaged road in case the road is damaged by contractors because of
overload transportation.
Propagandize to improve awareness of compliance with traffic safe regulations for drivers.
47
Issues Mitigation and Management Measure
10 Construction of
access road and
transmission line
Constructed
contractors
The roads must meet the designed standards of road presented in TCVN 8054-2005 (width of
surface/foundation, slope, radius, visibility, angle of rotation, gutter etc.).
Transmission line and switchyard are complied with the regulations and standards presented in
Decision No 34/2006/QD-BCN on safety of low voltage transmission line.
Location of high tension poles is chosen to avoid sloping points (the slope should be less than 30
degree). It should limit excavation/backfilling in case of sloping sites
The contractors are responsible for repairing the existing transmission lines or telecom lines if they
are damaged by contractors during construction and drawing the cable
Application of safe constructed measures and prevention of traffic obstacles to local people
Priority to reuse topsoil from excavation process to backfilling the foundation, do not use new soil for
that work.
Topsoil must be kept and stored in the right of way then reused to recover vegetation.
To backfill the borrowed pits, creation of the embankments, planting trees on the surface to prevent
erosion/landslide and landscape after construction phase
11. Management of
hazardous materials
(fuels, lubricants,
explosives etc.)
Constructed
contractors
To minimize storage of explosives at the construction site. In case of explosives are used and stored
in the short term it should be arrange 01 explosive storage with area of 200m2
at the left side of dam
route. It must be ensure that the storage is located more than 100 m far from surface water sources
and 500 m far from residential, camp sites. The explosive storage must be arranged stable with roof,
locked door and ventilated.
To prepare the extinguishers and oil suction apparatus in case of happening faults
To comply strictly with regulations of storage, transportation and usage of hazardous chemicals and
explosives
Labours who work directly with fuel, explosives must be trained on safe technologies relating to
chemical, explosive, fire precaution, etc.
48
Issues Mitigation and Management Measure
It is compulsory for workers to use the labor safe equipment when handing with hazardous
chemicals.
12. Noise Developer To monitor implementation of mitigated measures which are done by contractors
Propagandizing to improve workers’ awareness so that they do not make impact of noise to local
people.
Must coordinate to contractors to consulting authorities and local people of communes Trung Chai,
Coc San, Tong Sanh in case of necessary to blasting or construction in night time
Constructed/materia
l supplied
contractors
Requesting to check regularly on technical status of machines and equipment to ensure they meet the
noise standards which are presented in QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT to mitigate impacts to workers
The appropriate working time should be arranged, avoiding to blasting and construction in night
time.
Must coordinate to developer for permission of authorities and local people of Trung Chai commune,
Sa Pa district, Coc San, Tong Sanh communes, Bat Xat district in case of necessary to blasting or
construction in night time,
Vehicles that transport the materials, machines have to use the horn with noise level meeting the
standards of noise for transportation.
Propagandizing to improve workers’ awareness so that they do not make impact of noise to local
people.
To avoid sending vehicles during night time to mitigate noise that affects to local people living along
roads.
13. Dust Construction
contractor
For activities of excavation/leveling
- Leveling in succession
- Water spraying at works as needed on hot days
49
Issues Mitigation and Management Measure
- The ground in the camp sites, auxiliary and production areas is rationally arranged to avoid down
the wind dispersing of dust
For blasting activity
- To limit the dust from this process we should provide dust masks for workers in the region
For materials transportation
- Material transported vehicles must be covered by tarpaulin to avoid scattering rock/soil on the
road.
For construction activities
- To arm masks, labor protection for workers, water in the required position in the dry season to
minimize dust ...
Material supplied
contractors
Material transported trucks must be covered by tarpaulin to avoid scattering and dust.
During transportation along the roads or through the residential areas, drivers should give up way for
local people to prevent dust for them.
14. Domestic waste
water
Developer There are 2 campsites will be arranged at downstream of dam.
Each apartment is arranged septic tanks to collect and treat domestic waste water of workers. The
waste water must meet the permission standards before discharging into the environment
Construction
contractors
Propagandizing to improve workers’ awareness on environmental hygiene for workers.
To prohibit workers discharging waste into streams which leads to contaminate domestic water of the
local people
Punishing workers who do not comply with the above regulations
15. Construction
waste water
Construction
contractors
To collect grease and oil generated from car parking and equipment/machines maintenance stations
then sell to companies who treat the hazardous waste
50
Issues Mitigation and Management Measure
To build the pits which collect mud/sand in the following sites before discharging waste water in to
environment
16. Chance find of
cultural artifacts,
and areas/structures
of local cultural
value
Developer To prepare the chance find procedures of historical/cultural/archeological artifacts and request
constructed contractors must to comply during construction
If main components (transmission line, internal road, penstock, etc.) go through or locate in the areas
that have tombs, the developer must cooperate closely with consultant companies to adjust design
Construction
contractors
In case of any historical/cultural/archeological artifacts that may be encountered during excavation:
excavation works must be stopped. The contractors must inform immediately to developer, Coc
San/Tong Sanh/Trung Chai communal people committees, Bat Xat/Sa Pa district people committees,
Lao Cai Department of Culture, Sport and Tourism; the locale must be guarded to solve by local
authorities.
Prohibiting workers to remove any historical/cultural/archaeological artifacts. This is supposed to be
an illegal action.
Construction work will only be continued after being permitted with notice in writing from the
authorities.
Besides, the developer consults authorities and local people to find suitable solutions to move ashes
following the local customs
17. Water supply Constructed
contractors
To arrange water intake pipelines for domestic use
To build man-made tanks which use to filter for domestic usage of workers
18. Exploitation of
rock from
excavation of
foundation
Developer Coordinating with contractors to inform local authorities on plan of exploiting rock from excavation
foundation.
- Supervising safety of contractors in exploiting rock
- Supervising environmental rehabilitation by contractors after finishing.
51
Issues Mitigation and Management Measure
Construction
Contractors/Materia
l supplied
contractors
To establish the plan of exploiting rock from excavation foundation that provides in detail
technologies and machines as well as do procedures to getting the permission by written from local
authorities.
To comply strictly rules and regulations on technology and safety as well as environmental standards
during exploiting rock.
To ensure saving resources
Rehabilitation of environment after finishing (leveling and ramming the ground, plant trees in the
surface)
19. Safety issues in
the construction
process
Developer Coordinating with constructed contractors to establish labor safe regulations which force workers to
comply.
Assigning 01 staff to supervise labor safe issues of contractors.
- Coordinating with contractors to solve on time the risks/accidents which happen during construction.
Construction
contractor
The constructors are responsible for ensuring work safety for the whole engineers and workers on the
construction site as below:
It is mandatory for workers to attend training courses on labor safety before they are recruited to
work for company.
Supervise periodically on compliance to labor safe measures of workers at project sites.
Training courses on labor safety for workers are held periodically to improve their knowledge and
awareness in term of compliance with safe measures.
To provide necessary safe facilities for workers.
A person will be assigned to work as safe staff. He/she is responsible for supervising and speeding
up the compliance with regulations of labor safety of workers;
To have timely measures in the event of happening accidents;
52
Issues Mitigation and Management Measure
Do suspend all work absolutely during heavy rains or emergencies of any kind in anticipation of
landslide, accidents caused by open circuit that may lead damage for worker’s health and life
- To equip fully fire extinguishers in the building and the construction sites.
20 Management of
sanitary and safety
and prevention of
disease infection in
campsites.
Developer 01 staff that is responsible for health care of workers in the project site will be assigned by developer.
Coordinating with constructed contractors to make plan of workers’ health care during construction
phase.
Coordinating with contractors to establish the precautionary program of sexual transmitted diseases,
especially HIV/AIDS precautionary program, among labors.
- Supervising the implementation of mitigated measures in term of food safety, environmental
sanitation, disease transmitted precaution which must be done by contractors.
Constructed
contractors
01 staff that is responsible for health care of workers in the project site will be assigned by
contractors.
A first aid kit will be provided at each construction site to ensure patients can receive first aid timely
before transporting them to the medical station/hospital.
Monitoring regularly to keep sanitary in campsite, construction sites in order to precaution of
pathogenesis/disease transmission relating to digestive and respiratory system. To require workers
using mosquito nets to prevent petechial/marsh fever.
To propagandize food safety and hygiene for workers;
To build septic tanks in project site which meet environmental standards. To prohibit discharging of
domestic solid waste directly in to the environment. Domestic solid waste must be hygienically
collected, stored, transported and treated.
Coordinating with developer to establish and carry out the precautionary program of sexual
transmitted diseases, especially HIV/AIDS precautionary program, among labors.
Coordinating with developer to make and implement plan of workers’ health care during
53
Issues Mitigation and Management Measure
construction phase.
Provide communication/entertainment facilities for workers.
21. Worker Code Developer Coordinating with contractors to establish worker code and manage them during construction phase.
If constructed contractors recruiting workers who come from the other regions, they must be
informed to developer to register temporary residence with the authorities of Trung Chai commune,
Sa Pa district, Coc San, Tong Sanh communes, Bat Xat district.
Developer is responsible with the authorities of Trung Chai commune, Sa Pa district, Coc San, Tong
Sanh communes, Bat Xat district for all issues relating to worker management during they stay in
locality for project construction.
Constructed
contractors
Coordinating with developer to set up worker code
Responsible for worker management during construction phase
Informing to developer in case the workers coming from other regions to register temporary
residence with the authorities of Coc San, Tong Sanh, Trung Chai communes;
The following activities are prohibited on or near project site:
- Cutting of trees for any reason outside the approved construction area;
- Hunting, fishing, wildlife capture, or plant collection;
- Disturbance to anything with architectural or historical value;
- Building fires outside camp areas;
- Use of firearms (except authorized security guards);
- Use of alcohol by workers during Project hours;
- Washing car, motorbikes or machinery in streams or creeks.
- Doing maintenance (change of oils and filters) of cars and equipment outside authorized areas.
54
Issues Mitigation and Management Measure
- Disposing trash in unauthorized places;
- Driving in an unsafe manner in local roads.
- Having caged wild animals (especially birds) in camps.
- Working without relevant safety equipment (including boots and helmets).
- Creating nuisances and disturbances in or near communities.
- Disrespecting local customs and traditions
22 Rehabilitation of
all Project sites
after construction
phase
Developer Recover vegetation in all project components to prevent erosion in rainy season.
After construction phase, planting trees/grass in the surface of all borrow pits (disposal sites,
campsite, material temporary loadings etc.)
Planting in combination of 3 types of trees including long term trees, grass, and shrub with priority
of indigenous plants especially in re-vegetation areas.
- Landscaping at project site after construction phase.
23. Effected people
by project
Developer Arrangement jobs as well as guiding local residents on livelihoods after construction phase.
Providing documents on compensation of land and property on land to local authorities and affected
households.
Upgrading/Repairing irrigation system to ensure supplying fully water for agricultural activities of
local communities in case it is damaged by project.
To ensure hygienic environmental conditions for local residents during material transportation and
construction process.
Maintenance of flow in downstream to ensure development of aquatic life and do not affect to
fishing of local people
OPERATION PHASE (Lao Cai Renewable Energy (Vietnam) Joint Stock Company is responsible for implementation of mitigation measures)
55
Issues Mitigation and Management Measure
24. Noise (from the hydropower plant) Turbines and/or associated equipment should be designed to meet standards on noise (QCVN
26:2010/BTNMT)).
Design and procurement of equipment should specify requirements to meet standards of noise;
Monitoring periodically the noise level outside the fence of hydropower plant. To implement the
measures of noise reduction in the outside of hydropower plant in case it exceeds the standards.
25. Labor safety issues and worker code To arrange fire-extinguishers at necessary places
To set up the procedures of safe operation;
To arrange the first aid cabinet so that it can carry out the first aid measures on site;
To assign a staff in each shift who is responsible for labor safety
Labor code is defined similar to in the construction phase.
26. Change in downstream flows For the reservoir: the flow is controlled strictly by developer following the regulations on reservoir
operation, discharging water. Developer is responsible for informing in time on plan of water
discharging to local authorities to prevent damage of health, life or assets of downstream
communities.
Developer is responsible for informing widely to local residents, organizations and authorities on
water level fluctuation of Dum River flow in downstream to ensure safety for health and asset as well
as production and agricultural activities in the downstream area.
Developer is responsible for compensating in case of damaging to asset of communities due to
discharging flood.
For the dry stream section and downstream after the power plant: developer commits to comply
strictly the approved operation procedures of reservoir and environmental flow with maintaining
aquatic ecosystem in dry season.
During operation phase, developer will regularly coordinate to local authorities in monitoring water
56
Issues Mitigation and Management Measure
level and erosion to provide suitable mitigation measures.
27. Impairment of water quality To clear vegetation cover before flooding reservoir to prevent pollution of water;
Embankments are built at sites which are exposed to danger of landslide
To build separated systems of domestic and industrial waste collection and treatment which meet
permitted standards prior to discharge into the environment;
Domestic solid waste is hygienically managed then transported to the dumpsite for treatment;
Recovering vegetation at construction sites to mitigate erosion and water resource protection.
28. Plant plankton residing in the
reservoir
In case of increasing too much planktons which leads to water pollution so it is necessary to remove
vegetation from the reservoir
Pesticide is prohibited to use for planktons treatment.
29. Reservoir sedimentation Prohibition of cultivated activities in the semi flood area.
To coordinate to local authorities in supervising of prohibition of destroy forest in reservoir
surrounding area especially the semi flood area.
To monitor erosion of reservoir bank two times per year. To take the initiative in implementing
mitigation measures such as planting trees, building breakwaters at points that expose to serious
erosion.
After construction phase, the borrow pits must be rehabilitated by leveling, ramming then planting
trees on the surface to mitigate erosion and sedimentation of reservoir.
Discharging sediment through bottom culvert and dredging the reservoir if necessary.
To mitigate erosion of the river banks behind power house, the energy eliminated hole is designed to
reduce flow rate after discharging canal of power plant so that the flow returning to original flow of
river.
To monitor erosion of river banks in downstream and provide the appropriate mitigation measures
57
Issues Mitigation and Management Measure
such as building breakwater, dealing to breakdowns that occur by erosion.
30. Maintaining the replanted vegetation
cover
To monitor and maintain annually vegetation cover which is replanted after construction phase to
rehabilitation of environment and mitigation of erosion.
31. Management of hazardous substances
(fuel, lubricant, etc.)
The same to the measures presented in item No 11.
32. EMF To provide facilities of EMF protection and request staffs/workers who work directly in the EMF
arised areas comply strictly rules on labor safety.
As statistic data, in the safe distance of transmission line, the intensity of EMF is less than 5kV/m
that meets to WHO standards on EMF. The local resident who is living or working in the safe
distance of transmission line will not be affected by EMF.
- To supervise periodically transmission line (lowest sag) to ensure meeting the standards on EMF
safety
33. Emergency cases Storage of water and reservoir operation procedures must be complied with regulation of reservoir.
Establishing and maintaining the flood warning system. Timely inform to local government and
residents downstream of the reservoir about the procedures and fluctuating water levels of the
downstream of Dum River. Annually, the director of Coc San power plant make report and organize
the meeting with representatives from flood control steering committees of districts of Sa Pa and Bat
Xat districts, Lao Cai province to approve the detail plan of flood control. Periodically inspect all
equipment, power supplies, vehicles, communication plans, the water level measuring devices,
maneuvers and test procedures, technical flood discharging
To comply strictly rules on operation, maintaining, repairing of electrical equipment, regulations of
power plant, transmission line and switchyard
To train periodically on electrical safety, prevention of fire for staffs
To disseminate electrical safe regulations at work places for staffs.
58
Issues Mitigation and Management Measure
To monitor and provide regularly fire-extinguishers at necessary places and provide emergency aid
for staffs in case of fire.
59
Procedures in case of discovery
If the Contractor discovers archeological/historical sites, monuments and objects,
including graveyards and / or individual graves unearthed during construction, the
contractor will be responsible for:
To stop the construction activities in the chance find area.
To delineate the location or found area.
To protect the area to prevent the object from being damage and lost. For artifacts or
remains, the night guard will be allocated directly until the local government has the
responsibility or the Department of Culture and Information takeover.
Inform the Investor to notify for the local government or the nations undertaking the
cultural heritage of Viet Nam (within 24 hours)
Relevant local/central authorities will be responsible for the area protection and
conservation before providing the decision on the later appropriate procedures. Then
they will implement the preliminary evaluation on the excavated findings. The
significance and importance of these findings should be evaluated according to various
criteria relevant to cultural heritage, including aesthetic value, historical or scientific
research, economic and social values
The decision of findings treatment will be made by the responsible agency. This
decision covers the layout (such as in case of detecting the rest of the cultural or
archeological importance cannot be moved) conservation, preservation, restoration and
salvage.
If the cultural area and/or heritage evaluated by the experts and the Cultural Relics
Management agency’s regulation are valuable and should be preserved, the developer
have to change the design in accordance with the required conservation of the area
The decisions of findings management will be notified in writing by the related
agency.
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6. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN
Table 6.1: Parties involved in environmental monitoring
No. Units Main responsibility Content and form of
report
Frequency
1 Contractor To carry out the proposed mitigation measures in
EMP
Making report of implementation of mitigation
measures to developer and CSC
Refer to the table 6.3 Submitting reports to
developer monthly
2 Developer To join EMP into detail technology design and
construction bidding contractors.
To carry out the proposed mitigation measures in
EMP
To monitor the EMP implementation of
contractors
Submit reports of implementation of mitigation
measures to SHB/GDoE PMB
Refer to the table 6.3 Submitting reports to
SHB/GDoE PMB
quarterly
3 Construction
supervision
consultant
To monitor construction activities and ensure that
the contractors comply to environmental
requirements in the contracts and EMP (Terms of
reference for CSC in monitoring EMP is presented
in the Annex 2)
To make report to developer on EMP
Refer to the table 6.4 Submitting reports to
developer monthly
61
implementation of contractors
4 Safeguard
Monitoring
Independent
Consultant
To monitor (by observation) and assess
environmental quality based on parameters
suggested by this EMP report.
To conduct public consultation to received
comment, assessment of local people on
environmental management of the Project.
Refer to the table 6.4 Submitting
SHB/GDoE PMB
half-yearly
62
Table 6.2: Environmental monitoring plan
Parameters How to monitoring
Sites of monitoring
1. CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Sitting of campsites and
material temporary loading
Visual observation the following issues:
- Camp sites
- Water supply resources
Location of campsites:
- How are they far from stream and residential areas?
- How developer arrange water supply?
- Does developer build filter tanks to filter water?
Location of borrowed pits:
- How are they far from stream and residential areas?
Location of disposals/dump sites:
- How are they far from stream/worker’s rooms
- Concrete mixed stations
- Vehicles, machines parking
- Material loading
- Equipment/machine repaired
workshops
Vegetation clearance and
topsoil stripping
Check and visual observation the following issues: The flora gathering area after
its cut-off;
Vegetation clearance plan
Measures of vegetation clearance
63
Parameters How to monitoring
Sites of monitoring
Topsoil stored areas (disposal sites) are applied measures of protection from
erosion/run-off water?
Does project build holes/gutters/embankments?
Topsoil temporary stored site
Work with developer
Does project has landscape rehabilitation plan/Does it implements? Work with developer
Detect bombs and mines Checking bomb and mines disarming document proposed in the project Work with developer
Domestic and constructed
solid waste management
Visual observation the following issues:
Does project generate discarded rock/soil?
Does discarded rock/soil affect water quality or flow of water?
How to collect domestic solid waste?
How to treat domestic solid waste?
How to manage dump sites?
Disposal sites
Dump sites
Topsoil storage sites
Camp sites
Removal of discarded
vegetation out of reservoir
area
Visual observation the following issues:
Checking the plan of vegetation clearance
Is it correct to cut off trees in the required areas?
Does collection of valuable wood out of the reservoir implement?
Is burning the remaining tree leaves/wood well done?
Work with Developer
Check the reservoir bed.
Erosion and sedimentation Visual observation the following issues: The construction sites
Do construction activities carry out in dry season?
64
Parameters How to monitoring
Sites of monitoring
Are measures to mitigate erosion/landslide applied at construction sites?
Are holes/ditches/embankments built at danger sites of landslide in construction
areas?
The sites expose risk of high
erosion/landslide
Transportation and traffic
management
The following issues should be checked:
Certification of vehicles that serve for project meet technological/emitted
standards
Attested document of vehicles/machine periodic maintenance
Do vehicles cause traffic jam or damage the road?
Contracts signed with contractors supplying materials/equipment
- Working with developer
- Dam area
- Powerhouse
Management of hazardous
substances
The following issues should be checked and assessed:
Hazardous substance storage:
- Is it lined by anti-seeped ground?
- Is it protected with cover?
- Is it locked and isolated with surrounding area?
Check permission of Lao Cai province’s Department of Industry and Trade if
explosives is stored ;
Check dissemination and material supply about toxicity, safe manual with
hazardous substance ;
- Work with Developer
Check the storage
65
Parameters How to monitoring
Sites of monitoring
Noise The following issues should be checked and assessed:
Does noise level at the construction sites impact on the nearest residential area?
Interview local people and leaders living in the nearest area whether the project
makes noise in rest time, evening time?
Interview local people whether developer asks their permission to work in
evening time?
If there is any claim about the noise, request developer to measure the noise level
and give appropriate measures to mitigate its impact.
Contracts signed with material supplied contractors
Project area,
The nearest residential area
Interview the local people
and authorities
Working with developer
Dust The following issues should be checked and assessed:
Is water sprayed fully in dry season at sensitive sites?
Does trucks used for transport material covering by tarpaulin?
Contracts signed with material/machine supplied contractors
Interview with local people about dust pollution cause by project
- The construction site
- Material transported trucks
- Working with developer
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Parameters How to monitoring
Sites of monitoring
Water quality management The following issues should be checked and assessed:
How does sewage collection and treatment system implement at campsites? Are
there septic tanks?
Does sewage discharge directly into environment without treatment?
Do the septic tanks in campsites keep sanitary?
Are oil and grease from vehicles/machines maintenance collected?
Are ditches/pits/embankments built at borrowed pits to collect sand/soil/cement
before discharging into environment?
Is collection of over spill sewage from tunnel performed?
Is water quality measured periodically as presented in EMP/EPC?
- Campsites;
- Borrowed pits
- Vehicle maintenance area;
- Working with Developer on
document of water quality
measurement
Safety Visual observation (combine with information collection on health protection plan
and safety issues):
Is health and safety plan prepared?
Are safe tools & equipment provided to and being used by workers?
Are laborers trained and disseminated information on safety?
Are there any warming notice and boards guiding safety handling to hazardous
chemicals?
- Construction sites
- Storage area
- Working with developer
Labour health care
Are first-aid kits for labours equipped?
Do they dig well the drainage? Is there mosquito net for sleeping?
Are workers trained about food safety and prevent sexually infected diseases?
Is there any disease for labours and did they treat by local health care station?
- Camps
- Working with developer
- Interview workers
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Parameters How to monitoring
Sites of monitoring
Worker code To assess implementation of regulations for workers as specified in item 19 of Table
4.1.
Chance find of cultural
artifacts, and areas/structures
of local cultural value
Observation, information collection, assessment of the below-mentioned issues:
Excavation area of soil/rock
Interview workers
Along transmission line
Let check whether contractors/ developers/ related persons inform the relevant
organizations if accidental find of articles of cultural value?
Do contractors and related persons have followed chance find procedures in
place
Are there findings on cultural property and historical heritage in the soil/rock
excavation?
How are chance find procedures in place when accidental find of articles of
cultural value?
Location of tombs or valuable structures to local people
OPERATION PHASE
Noise Observation at site, interview people to assess the following issues:
Does noise from the powerhouse affect the local people?
- The area out of the fence of
powerhouse.
If there is any claim about the noise, request the developer to measure noise at
site. - The nearest residential area
Safety and regulations to
staffs
The following issues should be checked and assessed:
Are fire extinguishers equipped at site?
Check complying regulations for people as item 19 in Table 4.1
Powerhouse area
Operation house and
workers’ houses (if any)
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Parameters How to monitoring
Sites of monitoring
Management of water quality
in reservoir
The following issues should be checked and assessed:
Is there any erosion at reservoir side? Are reinforcing measures applied?
Is domestic waste collected and treated prior discharging into the environment?
Is there phenomenon of eutrophication in reservoir? Does developer remove
floating vegetation from the reservoir?
In the reservoir bed
Operation house and
powerhouse
Management of hazardous
materials (fuels, lubricants,
explosives etc.)
The following issues should be checked and assessed:
Are hazardous materials stored in safe conditions?
Does the developer equip facilities, provide information and guide safe process
to hazardous materials?
In the plant and fuel, material
and chemical storage areas.
69
Table 6.3: Form of in-site environmental monitoring report
(Applying for contractors/developer)
Project name: Project location:
Name of Contractor:
Commencement of Project report or monthly report:
Date of report:
No. Issue Mitigation measures implemented Note
Construction phase
1 Sitting of construction camps and supported facilities
2 Vegetation clearance and topsoil stripping
3 Disarm bomb and mines
4 Domestic and constructed solid waste management
5 Removal of discarded vegetation out of reservoir area
6 Soil erosion and sedimentation
7 Transportation and traffic management
8 Management of hazardous substances
9 Noise
10 Dust
11 Water quality management
12 Safety
13 Labour health care
14 Worker code
70
15 Chance find of cultural artifacts, and areas/structures of local
cultural value
16 Vegetation cover including reforestation
Operation phase
1 Noise
2 Surface water quality
3 Waste water
4 Solid waste
5 Vegetation cover maintenance
6 Environmental flow
7 Management of hazardous materials
8 Safety
9 Labour health care
10 Worker code
Name of person prepared this Report: Title:
Address: Telephone:
71
Table 6.4: Form of EMP implementation monitoring report
(Applying for environmental monitoring report of CSC/independent monitoring consultant)
Project name: Project location:
Date of report:
No Parameter Assessment of Consultant/ community
complaints
Comments/Recommendations
Construction phase
1 Sitting of construction camps and supported facilities
2 Vegetation clearance and topsoil stripping
3 Disarm bomb and mines
4 Domestic and constructed solid waste management
5 Removal of discarded vegetation out of reservoir area
6 Soil erosion and sedimentation
7 Transportation and traffic management
8 Management of hazardous substances
9 Noise
10 Dust
11 Water quality management
12 Safety
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No Parameter Assessment of Consultant/ community
complaints
Comments/Recommendations
13 Labour health care
14 Worker code
15 Chance find of cultural artifacts, and areas/structures of local
cultural value
16 Vegetation cover including reforestation
Operation phase
1 Noise
2 Surface water quality
3 Waste water
4 Solid waste
5 Vegetation cover remaining
6 Environmental flow
7 Management of hazardous materials
8 Safety
9 Labour health care
10 Worker code
Report prepared by: Address and contact information:
73
Table 6.5: Requirements on environmental management reporting System
No. Contents 1st reporting level
2nd
reporting level
(A copy sent to the district’s Environment Management Department )
Construction phase
1 Implementation of
mitigation measures
and on- site
environmental
management
By: Contractor
Frequency: Monthly
To: Developer
By: Developer
Frequency: Quarterly
To: SHB/GDoE
No. Contents 1st reporting level
2nd
reporting level
3nd
reporting level
(A copy sent to the district’s
Environment Management
Department )
1 Environmental
monitoring
By: CSC
Frequency: Monthly
To: Developer
By: Developer
Frequency: Quarterly
To: SHB
By: SHB
Frequency: half-yearly
To: WB/GDoE
2 Environmental
monitoring 1
st reporting level
2nd
reporting level
(A copy sent to the district’s Environment Management Department )
74
By: Independent Consultant
Frequency: Quarterly
To: Developer
By: Independent Consultant
Frequency: Quarterly
To: GDoE/WB
Operation phase
1 Labor safety and
environmental
monitoring
By: Developer
Frequency: Half-yearly for first
two years
To: SHB
By: SHB
Frequency: Half-yearly for first two years
To: WB/GDoE
75
7. COMPLANATION ON ENVIRONMENT AND PENALTY
While monitoring the scene if supervising/monitoring environmental officers discover
that there is non-compliance with regulations on the implementation of measures to
minimize environmental impacts mentioned in EMP then monitoring construction
staff/ environmental supervisor shall make the records and report the investor .The
investor will stop paying that month expense for the contractor until the contractor
performed adequate measures to minimize environmental effects. The contractor will
be extended one time (due to the construction supervision consultant / supervisor of
environmental regulate) to correct this violation. If the contractor performs the repairs
within the time extension he will not be penalized. However, if the contractor does not
conduct the repairs needed in the extension period, the contractor will have to pay for a
third party to repair the damage (this cost will be taken from retained). Investors must
make provisions for compliance and sanctions for environmental violations in the
contract with the contractor.
In case supervision staff / monitoring environmental officers find non-compliance with
the environmental regulations of the contractor, the contractor shall have to pay the
cost to repair the violation.
The investor is responsible for monitoring and implementing the EMP effectively. If
he does not fulfill the implementation of the EMP, the slow disbursement from the
project to the investors will happen
Environmental offices of the contractor will be the place to receive complaints from
citizens against environmental influences such as dust, noise, traffic safety, The
Contractor’s Chief Engineer and Personnel Assistant with the safety and environment
officers will be responsible for carrying out or giving solutions to handle the above
issues. Officer safety and environmental construction supervision consultant (or team
management environment of the investor) will be provided with copies of the
complaints of the people and must confirm that the problems are properly resolved by
the contractor in a similar incidents were discovered when examining at site.
8. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CAPACITY BUILDING PLAN
8.1. Development phase
Developer will send staffs who are assigned to manage environmental
protection of project to participate the WB/GDoE training courses on preparation
of EMP and public consultation.
8.2. Construction and operation phases
The assigned staffs shall join training courses on WB’s safeguard policies under
REDP. The developer will appoint 1-2 environmental staffs to attend the short-term
training courses on environment which are held by the local authorities.
Additionally, book, papers and documents will be bought by developer so that
they could update the environmental protection information.
76
Table 8.1: Cost estimation for environmental management capacity building
No. Activities Costs (VND)
CONSTRUCTION PHASE
1 To assign staffs to participate training courses held by WB:
2 persons x 5,000,000 VND/person/training course x 2 times
20,000,000
2 To assign staffs to attend training courses held by the local
environmental authorities.
2 persons x 1,000,000 VND/person/time x 2 time
4,000,000
3 Purchase of books, documents, papers to update information 10,000,000
TOTAL 34,000,000
OPERATION PHASE
4 Cost for annual training in the project running phase
(10,000,000 VND/year x 20 year)
200,000,000
TOTAL 234,000,000
9. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COST ESTIMATION
Table 9.1: Estimated cost for EMP implementation
No. Items Construction phase During operation phase
(20 years of life cycle)
1 Mitigation measures The cost is covered in investment
cost
The cost is covered in
operation cost
2 Recover vegetation at
project sites after
construction phase
VND 100,000,000
(The cost is covered in
investment cost)
3 Detect mine VND 30,000,000
(The cost is covered in
investment cost)
4 Monitoring costs for
the Project.
(By technical
supervisor of Lao Cai
Renewable Energy
(Vietnam) JSC)
The cost is covered in investment
cost
The cost is covered in
operation cost
77
5 Environmental quality
monitoring
2 times/year x VND10,000,000/
time x 2.5 years = VND
25,000,000
2 times/year x VND
10,000,000/time x 20
years = VND
400,000,000
6 Monitoring costs for
independent
environmental
monitoring
consultant*
Lump-sum
(2 times/year x 2 years x VND
20,000.000/time) =
VND80,000,000
7 Reforestation cost VND 400,000,000
Total VND 635,000,000 VND 400,000,000
This cost is covered in
production cost
Total VND1,035,000,000
* This cost is paid by Project Management Board under GDoE
78
10. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE
10.1. Public consultation
In the preparation phase, Lao Cai Renewable Energy (Vietnam) Joint Stock
Company carried out the following tasks
1. To submit the feasibility study report and investment report to communal
people committee of Trung Chai, Sa Pa district, communal people
committees of Coc San, Tong Sanh, Bat Xat district with the purpose of
consultation on location of main components of project. Depending to the
comments, the developer can revise project documents to save cost, mitigate
compensation, resettlement as well as reduce impacts on environment and
community.
2. To survey by interview directly representatives of local authorities and
affected households. Result from survey shows that almost households and
local authorities support to construction of project because of its benefits for
local residents.
3. To survey and statistic of environmental impacts and affected households
4. To prepare EMP report
5. To organize the consultation meetings on EMP report and other related
issues at the offices of Communal People Committees of affected
communes including Trung Chai, Coc San, and Tong Sanh from July 31,
2015 to August 1, 2015. Participants consist of representatives from
developer, local authorities and households of Trung Chai, Coc San, Tong
Sanh communes, EMP, EP, RP consultants, (Minute of meetings and list of
participants are presented in the Annex 3). The main content of consultation
meetings as below:
Developer presented the main information of project
Coc San hydropower project has the capacity of 29.6 MW, annual average power
output is 138.87 million kWh, is categorized as impoundment, daily regulation by
reservoir. Main parameters: catchment area: 99.6 km2; total of flow rate: 145
million m3; reservoir area corresponding to normal water level: 4.24 ha; normal
water level: 702 m; death water level: 699 m; gross capacity of reservoir: 252.3
million m3; useful capacity: 124.6 million m
3; designed flow Q tk: 7.83 m
3/s, ensure
flow Q đb: 0.996 m3/s, voltage level: 110 kW.
To build Coc San hydropower project as the same other ones will cause some
negative/positive impacts to environment and social and these negative impacts are
unavoidable. EMP is prepared following to the World Bank safeguard policies and
commits to complying with mitigation measures.
The consultant presented the environmental negative/positive impacts and
mitigation measures which will be applied by developer during project
implementation as below:
79
Positive impacts:
Project will supply stable power, high quality with the total power output of
138.87 million kWh/year for the local people when project is put into
operation. It will support to develop industrial, agricultural projects in the
locality.
Formation of reservoir will facilitate for development of vegetation cover,
trees and reservoir aquatic species such as fish, snail, shrimp etc.
Income from tax of water resource usage which is provided from project will
be added to provincial budget to support increasing living standard of local
residents.
Negative impact:
Construction and operation of project must block stream, storage water, build
dam, underground tunnel, penstock, powerhouse, switchyard, transmission line etc.
that cause some unavoidable impacts as below:
37.78 ha land will be acquired permanently for formation of reservoir, dam
and building of headwork and 18.2 ha land will be acquired temporary for
auxiliary facilities among them 8.25 ha land is forest.
Construction of road and headwork must excavate/backfill soil/rock that
cause landslide at these sites
Blocking stream to build dam will impact negatively to stream water quality
by increasing turbidity.
Activities such as blasting, excavation of foundation, leveling soil/rock,
material transportation, operation of constructed machines, construction etc.
will impact to environment causing air pollution in case the mitigation
measures are not applies.
In the construction phase, the operation of constructed/transported facilities,
machines, blasting, using driller etc. will create noise that disturb to local
residents
Constructed and domestic solid waste that discharged from workers will
cause pollution of air and water stream if it is not well controlled.
In the construction phase, the aquatic species may lose temporary living
condition due to reduction of surface water quality that cause by random
spilling or rain sweeping away concrete, petrol, oil, gear, soil, rock etc.
However, this is only temporary and negligible impacts. They may be
mitigated because project has small scale and the construction time takes only 2
years.
Some key main measures to mitigate negative impacts
Environmental consultant presented briefly draft EMP which will be complied by
developer to mitigate negative impacts with some key measures as below:
80
The permanent and temporary acquired land due to project construction will be
compensated following compensation plan which is approved by Decision No.
4197/QD-UBND dated December 9, 2009 issued by Lao Cai people committee.
During construction phase, cultivated and public transportation acquired land
for campsites, borrowed pits; transmission line will be limited by contractors.
The contractors are responsible for inform to local authorities and residents on
blasting time so that they do not travel or release cattle in the blasting areas.
Disposals must meet criteria: far from surface water at lease 100m, do not affect
to surface water, cultivated land, do not locate on the risk of landslide, should
locate on the hollow sites to mitigate sweep away by runoff water.
To establish the worker code at construction site containing regulations such as
prohibiting workers to discard domestic/construction waste into surrounding
areas, stream or places which may sweep away to surface water.
Do not allow to burn solid waste to mitigate risks of fire.
After construction phase, the borrow pits or disposals etc. must be restored by
leveling ground then planting trees to prevent erosion.
To arrange petrol, oil storages at least 300 m far from surface water,
communities.
Developer commits to comply with EMP with the main issues presented above
Questions and answers are summarized as below:
Coc San commune, Bat Xat district:
Questions from representatives of local authorities and affected households
- Construction of project will impact negatively to surface water quality. The
breeding fish may get disease leading to low growth causing by high turbidity
of water.
- Some households lose all the cultivated land since land is acquired for
construction of project.
- The local people could not breed cattle in flooding land when reservoir is
formed.
- The developer should speed up the process of compensation so that effected
households could stabilize their living.
Answers from developer and consultant:
- Regarding to impact of surface water quality and aquaculture the impact of
surface water quality is unavoidable during construction of
hydropower/irrigation projects. However, this impact is short-term and only
occurs during construction phase especially blocking dam. This impact may be
mitigated if developer complies strictly with mitigation measures presented in
EMP. In the operation phase, this issue will be rehabilitated gradually. The
formation of reservoir will impact positively to aquaculture of local community.
81
- Regarding to acquisition of cultivated land and compensation: The acquisition
of cultivated land is not avoidable when building hydropower projects.
Developer prepared compensation plan following Vietnam regulations and it is
approved by local authorities. The compensated rate is depended on the current
regulations. For Coc San project, cultivated land of some households has been
acquired so their income and livelihood will be impacted negatively. Developer
also prepared EP, RP to support affected households on livelihood caused by
project building.
- Regarding to impact on cattle breeding of some households, developer will
apply the mitigation measures such as informing of blasting time, installing of
work signals to prevent accessing into work sites. Developer hope to get
supporting from local people to ensure the accidents will not occur.
Tong Sanh commune, Bat Xat district:
Questions from representatives of local authorities and affected households
- In general, the communal authorities and residents support to build project.
Construction of project will provide some benefit for local people such as
upgrading of a part of internal road. However, construction process will cause
pollution of water resource, dust etc. Developer should pay attention to deal
with this issue.
- Requested developer increases the compensation rate so that the affected
households does not handicap by project.
- During construction phase, activities of excavation/backfilling, road building
will impact negatively to water resource of local people such as block of water
pipelines that take water from stream to households. Request the developer
solves this issue.
- Request the developer provides the jobs for local people. At present, the
number of local jobless youths is quite high. Developer should arrange jobs
from power plant for them when it will be put into operation.
- Activity of transportation of constructed material will cause pollution of dust
that impacts to local people who are living nearby the roads. Developer should
apply the mitigation measures to reduce dust.
Answers from developer and consultant:
- Regarding to question of environmental pollution: as presenting by consultant,
construction of project will impact negatively to surrounding area such as
pollution of dust, water resource etc. Developer prepared EMP and tries to take
mitigation measures proposed in EMP. During construction phase, developer
suggests the local people to contact the local authorities and environmental staff
of project if project causing pollution. The developer commits to deal with
pollution.
- Regarding to question of increasing compensation: developer prepared
compensation plan and it was approved by local authorities. The local
authorities also participate in process of identifying the compensation boundary.
The compensation rate is in accordance to governmental regulations. If there is
any complaint on account, developer will coordinate to communal authorities
82
and affected households to solve further. Regarding to information of
compensated price, developer will provide to affected households through
communal authorities.
- Regarding to question of providing jobs for local residents: developer records
and try to arrange jobs for them in our permission conditions.
- Regarding to question of blocking water pipelines of local people: developer
records and commits to rehabilitate them.
Trung Chai commune, Sa Pa district:
Questions from representatives of local authorities and affected households
- The compensation plan has been approved; request developer improves the
compensation progress so that affected households could stabilize their living
soon.
- Construction of project acquires quite lot of forest land and impacts to life of
local people such as they will not breed their cattle, lose benefit from forest
land, requested that developer support to local people.
Answer from developer and consultant:
- Regarding to question of improving progress of compensation: developer
records and commits to coordinate to communal authorities to solve this issue
to support affected households stabilize their life.
- Regarding to question of negative impact of local people by losing of forest
land: developer records and we prepared EP, RP to support affected households
on their livelihood so that they could stabilize their life soon. Developer expects
that local residents support to construction of project.
6. Editing EMP with considered the recommendations of people and affected
communal government in the community consultation meeting as well as in the
investigation of affected households.
7. Sending EMP to communal people committees of Coc San, Tong Sanh,
Trung Chai communes for comments
8. Editing EMP according to the comments
10.2. Disclosure
As policy of WB’s disclosure, developer will implement steps as below:
- To provide EMP (approval by WB) in Vietnamese version to Sa Pa and Bat Xat
DONREs, Sa Pa and Bat Xat District people committees, Coc San, Tong Sanh,
Trung Chai communal people committees.
- The approved EMP in Vietnamese version will be disclosure at project site
during project implementation.
- To provide EMP in both English and Vietnamese versions to Information
Development Centre, 63 Ly Thai To street, Hanoi so that they are accessed by
NGOs and communities. EMP in English version is sent to WB Info shop for
disclosure.
83
List of reference documents
1 The compensation Plan of the project, Lao Cai Renewable Energy (Vietnam)
Joint Stock Company
2 Investment Report of Coc San hydropower project, Lao Cai Renewable
Energy (Vietnam) Joint Stock Company
3 The World Bank’s Safeguard policies;
4 Environmental Protection Commitment of Coc San small hydropower project
5 Environmental safeguard framework for Vietnam Renewable Energy
Development Project- MOIT 2008, revised 2014.
6 Statistical yearbook- statistic publishing house
84
Annex 1. List of people who prepared EMP
No. Name Title
1 Ms. Ta Thi Quynh Nhu Project manager
2 Mr. Phan Tuan Anh Technical staff
3 Ms. Hoang Hong Hanh Environmental staff
4 Ms. Chu Lan Phuong Environmental consultant
85
Annex 2: Responsibility of construction supervision consultant
Target
The CSC supports the EMP efficiently during construction of Coc San hydropower
project.
To achieve the target of diminishing the environmental negative impacts of the project,
the contractor needs to comply with this management plan. Therefore, implementing
him environmental management plan will relate to the following units:
The safe and environmental supervising officers of the contractor are responsible for
supervising the EMP and problems about safety and environment of the construction
The safe and environmental supervising officers of CSC is responsible for the
construction inspection and guarantee that the contractor will comply with the requests
in the contract and EMP
Tasks:
Overall responsibilities of the safe and environmental supervising officers including
supervision and inspection of construction activities to ensure that the mitigation
measures are implemented as appropriate in the plan so that environmental
management and the negative impact of the project on the environment is diminished.
The contractor is responsible for ensuring compliance with the environmental
management plan of the project and the contract conditions during construction under
the supervision of safety and the environment officer. Therefore, safety and the
environment officer is an independent supervisory personnel to ensure compliance
with the environmental management plan and ensure the full implementation of the
contractor for environmental issues
Personnel monitoring and environmental safety will examine monitor and implement
the environmental review for tenders and contracts for road construction. Supervisors
on safety and the environment have much knowledge and experience in monitoring
and verification of environmental issues and advise investors on implementation issues
of the project environment project. Personnel monitoring and environmental safety
should be familiar with the project work through the review of relevant reports,
including the report on environmental impact assessment (EIA) Coc San hydropower
project, environmental Management plan as well as the relevant technical standards
and contract documents.
Being a part of the construction examiner group, safety and environmental staff is
obliged to the following tasks
Phase 1: Preparation
Objective of Phase 1 is to make foundation for successful implementation of the
project. During this period, supervisors, safety and environment must: (i) consider the
DTM, environmental management plan, project design and technical standards to
assert not to miss these mitigation measures ; (ii) prepare guidelines for contractors in
the implementation of Environmental Management Plan; and (iv) develop and
implement training programs for activities related to construction.
Main tasks for this phase are:
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Desk study: supervisors on safety and the environment will review the DTM,
environmental management plan, project design and technical standards and certify in
writing expressly not to omit any mitigation measures. If problems arise, safety and
environment officers propose to the investor for additional updates in the
environmental management plan, project design and technical standards of this issue.
When the Investors, Board of Management and the World Bank project GDoE ratify,
personnel monitoring and environmental safety will conduct additional updates
environmental management plan
Environmental supervision directory: The safety and environment officers need to
create an examination directory during the construction for supervising the
implementation of the contractor. This includes the core issue of the project, the
requested mitigation measures and implementation plan
Diary: safety and environment supervising staff of the Contractor shall keep diaries to
record events or changes possibly implicate the assessment of environmental impact
and non-compliance attached to the proposals. Diaries must be always ready to serve
when the supervisory staff support as mentioned in the environmental management
plan and contract suggest. Safety and environment staff of the investor will verify this
diary.
Environmental training : Environmental safety staff of the investors are obliged to
design and implement a comprehensive training program for the Supervision Engineer,
Owner, environmental safety officers of the contractor (and workers as part of training
for supervisors, safety and environment), the environmental requirements of the
project and methods for monitoring and evaluation, especially should pay attention to:
Environmental management plan: the requirements of the Environmental Management
Plan, approved check list in supervising environmental, environmental sample
monitoring and processing methods for non-compliance with the management plan
environment and all the issues will be mentioned. Special attention should be paid to
the specific terms of the contract emphasized on compliance with the environmental
management plan
Health and safety: Health and safety requirements of the project must be apparently
verified and coordinated to the contractors and the investor (included in the technical
standard environment for the contractors
At the end of training, the contractor will sign a confirmation through training grasp of
environmental regulations, the environmental management plan and compliance
framework, on the health and safety obligations. Construction supervisors must sign
the certification through training understand the oversight responsibilities.
Phase 2 Construction activities supervision
Safety and environment officer of the investors will represent the Owner and
monitoring Chief Engineer:
Examining and monitoring independently the implementation of the
Environmental management plan
Performing random checks and review the profiles of environmental safety staff
of the Contractor
Proceeding the inspection frequently in the building section
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Reviewing the implementation of the mitigation measures is not right with the
environmental management plan and contract documents
Reviewing the effectiveness of the mitigation measures and the implementation
of environmental problems;
Reviewing the terms acceptable environmental construction methodology
(including temporary works and permanent works), designs and related
submissions. If necessary, staff safety and the environment have to research and
propose solutions to the environmental impacts discussed with the designers,
contractors and Investors
Verifying survey cases of non-compliance of environmental quality and
effectiveness of the remedial measures;
Providing feedback to the Owner and Chief Engineer under the supervision of
the process of non-compliance with the Environmental Management Plan;
Organizing training programs, including team environmental safety staff of the
contractors, evaluating issues identified an improve environmental compliance
method;
To conduct the contractors to repairs within the prescribed time, conducting
additional monitoring, if required, in accordance with the provisions of the
contract and procedures in case of non-compliance and complaints
To conduct the contractor to take measures to minimize the impact and comply
with the environmental management process required in the case of non-
compliance and inconsistency
To conduct the contractor to stop the construction activities which can cause
negative effects, and / or if the contractor fails to perform the requirements of
the Environmental Management Plan / not conduct operations as directed the
supervisor of environmental safety.
Review of the plan at site: To ensure the consistency throughout the project, safety
and the environment staff must consider the entire plan could affect the environment.
These plans include, but are not limited to: plan pits and dumps. Supervisors on safety
and the environment will be considered and approved the environmental management
of the project and plans to restore the landscape of the contractor. What parts of the
plan does not comply with the environmental management plan, environmental impact
assessment, personnel and environmental safety of the investors will work with the
Chief Engineer and the Contractor to take appropriate measures.
Health and Safety: To ensure consistency throughout the project, the environmental
safety officer must consider the entire safety plan of the contractor, and on the basis of
this plan, with the data of the investor's input, to create a comprehensive plan for
safety projects. Comprehensive Plan about project safety must include processes such
as blast management and safety in the construction process, preventing landslides / soil
erosion during the rainy season, these plans must be reviewed on an annual basis and
must be updated as necessary.
The supervisors on safety and the environment must ensure compliance with the
provisions of health and safety in the contract documents. This Compliance includes,
but is not limited to: (i) the construction activities; (ii) dissemination of education on
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HIV / AIDS; (iii) comply with the labor law of Vietnam; and (iv) traffic safety. For the
prevention of HIV /AIDS, it is recommended that developer not only focuses on the
construction site, but also pays attention to the nearby communities.
In case of violation in the requirements of technical standards, or contractual
conditions or non-compliance with the environmental management plan, safety and the
environment monitor immediately notify to the Chief Engineer of the Contractor ,
Chief Engineer supervision and investor. Safety and the environment supervisors must
also report violations to the Investor as part of the monthly report.
Diary of safety and the environment staff must always be ready to provide, upon
request by the support team of project management
Safety and the environment supervisors have to regularly review records of the
Contractor to ensure that all records are updated in accordance with reality and meet
the requirements of the Environmental Management Plan (etc. the records of
complaints about environmental issues).
The unintended effect: In case of the incident which was not anticipated in the
environmental management plan and DTM, safety and the environment monitors must
be closely coordinated with the investor, the contractor and the project manager to
confirm that the problem has been resolved. Safety and the environment supervisors
must update Environmental Management Plan and implement guidelines, based on
that training for contractor personnel
Monthly Payment: safety and the environment monitoring officer must certify the
monthly payment for activities related to the environment as proposed by the
Monitoring Officer safety and the environment to the investor.
Roadwork’s and landscaping restore: safety and the environment monitoring
officer must closely monitor the operation to restore the site and landscaping in areas
such as land mines, quarries, wash stations vehicles, to ensure that activities are carried
out according to acceptable standards. Safety and the environment supervisors must be
consistent with the contractor about the recovery plan which should be implemented
before the end of construction activities.
Human Resource for the Project: safety and environmental supervisors and building
monitors group is expected to be mobilized 1 month prior to construction
commencement. In January, the safety and environmental monitor will be familiar
with the project, project design, specifications, contract documents, environment
protection commitment, environment management plan and other reports and
documents related to the project. Based on the review, monitoring officer safety and
the environment will report a summary of the issues that may arise in the process of
implementing the environmental management plan and the conditions of the contract
the recommend the Manager the best option to improve the process of implementing
the environmental management plan.
Supervisors and safety are expected to be mobilized in the early stages of the contract
to prepare the guidelines, documentation, training,
Report: environmental safety officers must make a minimum of the following
documents: ...
Weekly reports on issues of non-compliance;
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Monthly report summarizes the main issues and findings during surveillance
activities;
Quarterly report from the contractor's monthly report
Reports and data must be provided as required by the project manager.
At the end of the project, safety and environment monitoring staff set up a final report
summarizing main findings, non-compliance, solutions, etc. as well as guidance on
implementing orientation this mission later.
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Annex 3. The approval documents on EPC
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Annex 4. Minute of Public Consultation Meetings
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94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
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Annex 5: Approval for reclamation, change of land use purpose for implementation
of the Project
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Annex 6. Public consultation meeting pictures
Meeting in Tong Sanh Meeting in Tong Sanh
Public consultation meeting in Tong Sanh on 01/08/2015
Meeting in Trung Chai Meeting in Trung Chai
Public consultation meeting in Trung Chai on 31/07/2015
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Public consultation meeting in Coc San on 31/07/2015
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Annex 7: Site photos
Dum River Dam site before construction Vegetation cover at project site
Dam overview from centerline
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Upstream Dam overview Downstream Dam overview
Powerhouse overview from 110 KV switchyard Pipeline around units no. 2 & 3, ready for concrete
Formwork installation at generator & unit no. 01 area
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Tunnel – Inclined tunnel no. 2 Tunnel – Inclined tunnel 3 – Pipe installation
Inclined tunnel no. 3 – Pipe installation & concrete
work
110KV transmission line