severe weather impacting the offshore industry · 2018. 5. 15. · severe weather impacting the...
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Severe Weather Impacting the Offshore Industry
Hans C. Graber and Michael J. Caruso Center for Southeastern Tropical Advanced Remote Sensing (CSTARS) University of Miami
ESA Workshop on Satellite Earth Observation for the Oil and Gas Sector 14th - 15th September 2010, Frascati, Italy
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1) Tropical storms and hurricanesstrong winds large waves strong currents
2) Eddiescurrent shear
3) Internal wavesstrong currents and shear
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A Satellite Data Reception and Analysis Facility for Environmental Monitoring and Time Sensitive Tactical Applications in the Southeastern US, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Basin and Equatorial Atlantic
Sponsors: ONR, NASA, DIA, USSouthCom, NGA
Former U.S. Naval Observatory Alternate Time Tracking Station
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CSTARS Focus on NRT Requirements
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24 x 7 Operation
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Delivery of Results Within Hours
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Advanced Technology (HW & SW)
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Extensive Coverage & Reduced Conflicts
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Remote, Rapid & Secure Access
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Hurricane Hardened Facility
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Redundant Systems
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Redundant Broadband Fiber Optic Link (OC-192)
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Backup Power for Continued Operation
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E Pluribus Unum !Electro-Optical Sensor:
SPOT-4
(hi-res electro-optical visible)SPOT-5 (very hi-res electro-optical visible)ENVISAT-MERIS
(med-res electro-optical visible)ALOS-AVNIR2 (hi-res electro-optical visible)MODIS-TERRA/AQUA (med-res electro-optical visible)RapidEye*
(hi-res electro-optical visible)* in progress
Microwave SAR Sensor:RadarSat-1
(med-res microwave SAR) RadarSat-2 (very hi-res microwave SAR) ERS-2
(med-res microwave SAR) ENVISAT-ASAR
(med-res microwave SAR)ALOS-PALSAR (hi-res microwave SAR)TerraSAR-X (very hi-res microwave SAR) TanDEM-X
(very hi-res microwave SAR) Cosmo-SkyMed
(very hi-res microwave SAR)
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Direct Downlink Capability of EO and SAR Satellite Systems
Large Visibility Mask
Global collections
Rapid Processing
Secure and fast access to data
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Partnerships: CSTARS and Canadian Space Agency CSTARS and European Space Agency
Others could be included.
Provide near-real time SAR imagery for ocean weather state, response and recovery effort
Satellite image data critical and useful only when timely (i.e. in less than 3 -
6 hours)
Develop better CONOPS to react timely before, during and after storm event took place
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Scatterometers provide wind fields on 25 km, even at 12.5 km grid, at best.
wind speed [ms ]-1
2 15
14.00o
12.00o
44.00o
45.00o
Not adequate to resolve typhoon eye and eye wall structure.
Courtesy of: Jochen Horstmann, NURC
wind speed [ms ]-1
2 15
14.00o
12.00o
44.00o
45.00o
SAR wind and wave field at 5 km, or even at 500 m.
wind speed [ms ]-1
2 15
14.00o
12.00o
44.00o
45.00o
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Use SAR imagery to define storm characteristics in the inner core
Size and shape of eye
Storm position
Thickness of eye wall
Hi-res vector wind field
Radius of maximum wind
Oil spill assessment
Coherent change detection for damage assessment of infrastructure, bridges, roads
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Westward shift of track Westward shift of track could have devastated oil could have devastated oil production and caused a production and caused a loss of 2.5 million loss of 2.5 million barrels/day and more.barrels/day and more.
Ivan’s Path of Destruction
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RadarSat-1: 27 August 2005 RadarSat-1: 28 August 2005Leaving Florida Approaching New Orleans
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ENVISAT ASAR Wind Analysis with radii circles
28 August 2005
Eye: 15 km
Eye Wall: 30 km
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OceanViewTM
Ship detection program allows for detection of offshore platforms.
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I:\MyStuff\CSTARS\SEASAT\SeaSat_197809271547.jpg
SEASAT27 September 1978
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Wave Speed 0.8 –
1.1 m/s
Wavelength 0.3 –
0.7 km
Packet length 2 –
10 km
Along wave length 20 –
50 km
Packet separation 7 –
30 km
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1 May 2007
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Satellite observations are temporally and spatially relevant
Satellite SAR can provide new products such as high resolution wind and wave fields
New algorithms will allow detailed estimates of currents in eddies and internal waves from SAR images
Monitoring program is economical and technically feasible
Satellite data can be provided in near-real time (e.g. CSTARS delivered images and products within 1 hr for DeepWater
Horizon oil spill)