settlement of the middle colonies chapter 2 section 4
TRANSCRIPT
Settlement of the Middle Colonies
Chapter 2 section 4
Meanwhile, in Meanwhile, in 16211621, the , the DutchDutch also started a new also started a new colonycolony. . They They settled in the location ofsettled in the location of modern New York modern New York and called it and called it New New NetherlandNetherland. Like the French, they . Like the French, they traded furtraded fur. . The colony became The colony became known as known as a home to people of many different religions and cultures. a home to people of many different religions and cultures.
New Amsterdam (New York City) founded in 1625 became the capital.
New Netherlands
The Dutch company wanted to make money off the fur trade.
They needed settlers though, so they invited Germans, French, and other Europeans to come.
The colony also had many Africans, both slaves and free.
By the 1660’s 1/5 was African.
New Netherlands England saw New
Netherland as a “Dutch Wedge” between Virginia and New England.
In 1664, King Charles II of England gave his brother James, the Duke of York, permission to drive the Dutch out.
The Dutch surrendered without a shot being fired.
James changed the name of the colony to New York.
William Penn William Penn was a
member of the Society of Friends (Quakers).
He was able to establish a colony in America because King Charles II owed his father money.
Penn planned on running the colony on Quaker principles of equality, cooperation, and religious toleration.
Penn knew that England was no place for Quakers. In their services they had no formal minister. Anyone who wanted to speak got up and did it. They dressed plainly. Were pacifists. Anglicans and Puritans harassed them.
Penn’s Holy Experiment
Penn wanted his colony to be a place without an aristocracy
He gave every adult male 50 acres and the right to vote.
He founded Philadelphia, as the city of Brotherly Love.
Penn wanted to be friends with the Native Americans. He regulated a trade with a court that included both colonists and Native Americans. For 50 years there were no conflicts between the two groups.
A thriving colony
Penn needed more settlers to create a profitable colony.
He recruited Germans, French, and Dutch.
Penn stayed in the colony for four years.
His Quakers became a minority in a colony populated by people from all over Europe.
Slavery was also introduced, and many prominent Quakers would own them.
His beliefs of equality, cooperation, and religious toleration would influence the new American Nation
13 Colonies
In 1632 King Charles I gave land to George Calvert, the 1st Lord Baltimore.
His son named the colony Maryland.
King Charles II gave land to key supporters which became North Carolina and South Carolina.
In 1732, an English philathropist, James Ogelthorpe, got as charter from King George II to start a colony that could be a haven for people imprisoned for debt.
He would name this colony Georgia.