session 5 - mini grid-adbworkshop feb 6-7-2013
DESCRIPTION
Presentations from the Workshop on Sharing Business Models and Scaling up Mini Grids in Asia and Pacific, 6-7 February 2013TRANSCRIPT
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Presentation By:
Bhupendra Shakya, Renewable Energy Expert, AEPC/RERL
(Focal person Baglung Mini Grid Project)
Sanjay Kumar Sharma, Programme Officer, AEPC/NRREP
Mini Grid: A step ahead in MH sector,
experience from Baglung Mini Grid pilot
project
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Contents
• Background
• Why Mini Grid?
• What is Mini Grid?
• Mini Grid Pilot Project in Baglung
• Technical aspects of Mini Grid Project
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Background
Rural Electrification (only to 48.5% of total population )
– Grid extension-Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA)
– Off-grid - Alternative Energy Promotion Centre (AEPC)
Major problem faced by Micro Hydro (MH)- low load factor
Lack of integrated plan
Grid expansion has created great threat to MHPs
11%
9%
18%
17%
45%
Distance between MHP and NEA grid
Connected
0 to 2 km
2 to 5 km
5 to 10 km
>10 km
Source: RERL data collection from 10 programme districts
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Background
NEA being sole grid operator shown unwillingness to connect MHP into Grid because
– Plants less than 100 kW shall not be connected
– Most of the MHPs have induction type generator
– Small plant will create technical and managerial problem
“Many efforts are made to
connect MHP into national grid
but has not been success till now”
“Connection of the Micro Hydro into the grid may create the Win-Win
situation”
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Why Mini Grid? “Connection of many MHPs in periphery through local
grid to form Mini Grid may be the best option to provide quality electricity as well as to address the problem raised by NEA”
• Optimization of Electricity Generation
• Achievement of System Sustainability o To develop micro hydro grid as the independent & permanent source of electrical energy o To discard the possibility of extinction of Micro hydro after the availability of national grid
• Mini Grid is the local grid that connects more than two MHPs (generators) to operate in parallel mode and sharing the load in equal proportion of its capacity
_MiniGrid_Anim_\MiniGrid_Benifits_720p.mp4
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Piloting Mini Grid in Urja Upatyaka (Energy Valley)
Urja Upatyaka
6 MHPs from same river
Kalung Khola
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Pre feasibility in 2006, DFS 2007
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Number of MHPs: Six (6)
Total Power Capacity: 107 kW
Ownership: Community (Co-operative)
8 Km long 3 phase 11KV transmission line is established for
the power transfer
Microprocessor based ELC with Grid synchronizable Control
panel is the core technology for the synchronization
Households Beneficiary: 1200 from 4 VDCs
Project running successfully from July 2011
End Uses: 52
DFS for grid interconnection is already carried out
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Salient Features of Pilot Mini Grid Project
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Mini Grid Site
8
600 m
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Mini Grid System
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Management Model
Urja Upatyaka Mini Grid Cooperative (UUMGC) Limited (Reg no:554/2011) established for the proper operation & management of Mini Grid as a Cooperative
Complex managerial structure, 11 Members executive committee with participation from all 6 MHPs
UUMG Cooperative is responsible for the transmission and distribution of electricity
6 individual MHPs function as Independent Power Producers (IPPs) sale electricity to UUMG Cooperative under a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) (buying NPR 4.5/unit and selling 6.25-7/unit)
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Financial status
Total Project Cost of Mini Grid: NRs. 14,500,000.00 (USD 200,000.00) (USD 1,515/kW, USD 312/kW-Plant)
Supported by UNDP/RERL & Community
2%
86%
5% 4%
1%
2%
Detail Feasibility Study Electro Mechanical Equipment Cost Human Resource Cost Institutional Cost Capacity Building
Cost breakdown of the project
38%
16%
16%
5%
20%
1% 0%
4%
Electromechanical cost-12,000,000
Control Panel (Ytek Controls Transformer(NEEK) Steel Pole (Hulas) ACSR Conductor (Nepal Wire & Cable) Line Materials(PIS,DCEM,Sipradi) Transportation and Custom Clearance
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Technical : – Quality of electricity (Voltage and Frequency) improved – Increase availability and reliability – Easier starting motor and bigger load – Better safety & protection – Plant factor increased to double
Financial: – Increment of MHPs income by 20 to 60% – Income of Entrepreneurs by 5 to 30%
Social: – Behavioral change in electricity use – Reduction in misuse of electricity – Sense of unity among community
Advantages
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Issues
Sustainability of the system
–Management of grid by community
–Human resource for Repair and Maintenance
– Installation of end-uses
– Load Management
Grid connection
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Conclusion and Way forward
Mini Grid is found to be technically feasible and financially depends on different factors
If grid is nearby-Mini Grid provide sizeable capacity to connect and discard the possibility of extinction of Micro hydro, So need to formulate policy and strategy
Mini Grid could be the permanent source of electricity supply in areas where national grid is far away
Local community are capable to operate and manage the complex Mini Grid system
Capacity building and coordination, understanding among community is major step for sustainable operation
Baglung Mini Grid is becoming a research place and has built confidence for replication
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Technical Aspect of Mini Grid
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MINI GRID SYSTEM REQUIREMENT
GOVERNING SYSTEM
EXCITATION SYSTEM
PROTECTION SYSTEM
METERING
SWITCHGEAR
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GOVERNING SYSTEM
HYDROMECHANICAL GOVERNOR
ELECTROMECHANICAL GOVERNOR
ELC (ELECTRONIC LOAD CONTROLLER)
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ELC as Governor
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ELC SCHEMATIC
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WHY 6 CHANNEL ELC?
REDUCED HARMONICS FOR STABLE ON GRID SYSTEM
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ELC SPEED DROOP
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ELC WORKING IN PARALLEL
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FUTURE INTERCONNECTION WITH NATIONAL GRID
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GENERATOR EXCITATION SYSTEM
AVR(AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR) for voltage control and for parallel operation
APFR(AUTOMATIC POWER FACTOR REGULATOR) to be used
for National Grid Connection
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PROTECTION SCHEME
OVER CURRENT RELAY (51)
VOLTAGE RESTRAINT OVER CURRENT RELAY (51V)
EARTH FAULT RELAY
UNDER/OVER VOLTAGE RELAY
UNDER/OVER FREQUENCY RELAY
PHASE SEQUENCE RELAY
CHECK SYNCHRONISING RELAY
REVERSE POWER RELAY
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METERING & DISPLAY
VOLTMETER W/ SELECTOR SW
AMETER W/ SELECTOR SW
FREQUENCY METER
kW METER
kVAR METER
POWER FACTOR METER
ELC MONITOR OR LOAD METER
ANNUNCIATOR
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SWITCH GEAR
MCCB (MOULDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKERS)
POWER CONTACTORS
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TYPICAL SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
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Inside View of PLC based control panel with protection relays and Microcontroller based Grid Synchronous ELC 29
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Inside View of AVR,APFR,SWGR cum feeder panel
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Grid Synchronous ELC Panel Board in operation together with Ballast Load,
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Thank You! For further contact:
Alternative Energy Promotion Centre
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