session 03 struts framework presentation v1.0

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2007, Cognizant Technology Solutions. All Rights Reserved.The information contained herein is subject to change without notice.

C3: Protected

Struts Framework

Targeted at: Entry Level Trainees

Session 03: Configuring Struts Application


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About the Author

Created By: Santhosh Perumal (126073)

Baskar Senguttuvan (136303)

Credential

Information:

Baskar - PMP, SEI Architect

Santhosh - SCJP, SCWCD, SCBCD Certified Professional

Version andDate:

STRUTS/PPT/0508/1.0


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Icons Used

Questions

Contacts

Reference

TryitOut

HandsonExercise

CodingStandards

TestYourUnderstanding

Tools

AWelcomeBreak


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Struts Framework Session 03:Overview

Introduction:

This session provides a brief overview about packaging

and deploying Web applications.


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Struts Framework Session 03:Objective

Objective:

After completing this session, you will be able to:

Define Web Application

Identify elements of a Web Application

Describe the Web application directory structure

Explain the Web-INF directory


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What is a Web Application?

A Web application is a collection of individual

components that once bound together, form acomplete application which can be installed

and executed by a Web container.

The Web application should have a unique

context name, which is used to identify the

Web application inside the Web container.


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What is a Web Application? (Contd.)

The Web Application should have a

configuration file called Deployment Descriptor

named Web.xml. It contains the information

needed by the servlet container in order to run

the Web application such as servletdeclarations and mappings properties,

authorization and security constraints, and so

on.


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Elements of a Web Application

All Web applications do not contains the same

types of resources. In general, however Web

applications can consist one or more of thefollowing types of components:

Servlets

JSP pages

Standard JavaBeans and utility classes

HTML documents

Multimedia files (images, audio, and video files.)

Client-side applets, style sheets, and JavaScript files

Text documents


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The Web Application DirectoryStructure

The resources of a Web

application are kept in a

structured hierarchy of

directories.

The directory structure is well

defined in terms of the

placement of the resources and

files. Figure shows animaginary Web application

named HelloApp.

Src: Contains java source files.

WebContent: It is the Webmodule folder. It contains all

Web components like jsp, html,

and javascript files.


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Understanding the Web-INF Directory

Every Web application must have a Web-INF directory

under its root directory.

Although it is physically located inside the document

root directory, it is not considered a part of thedocument root. All files in the Web-INF directory are not

served to the clients.

This directory contains three things: Classes directory:

The servlet class files and the class files needed to support the

servlets or JSP pages of this Web application go in this

directory , if they have not been included in a JAR file.

The class files should be organized according to their

packages. At runtime, the servlet container adds this directory

to the class path for this Web application.


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Understanding the Web-INF Directory(Contd.)

lib directory:

All the JAR/zip files used by the Web application,

including the third-party JAR/zip files, go in thisdirectory. For example, if a servlet uses JDBC to

connect to a database, the JDBC driver JAR file

should go here.

You can also package the servlet classes in a JAR file

and keep that file in this directory.

At runtime, the servlet container adds all the JAR/zip

files from this directory to the class path for this Web

application.


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Understanding the Web-INF Directory(Contd.)

Web.xml file (Also known as the deployment

descriptor):

This file is the heart of a Web application, and every

Web application must have it.

It contains the information needed by the servletcontainer in order to run the Web application, such

as servlet declarations and mappings, properties,

authorization and security constraints, and so on.

To ensure portability across the servlet containers,

the DTD for this XML file is standardized by Sun.


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Q & A

Allow time for questions from participants


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Try it Out

Create a Dynamic Web application using SDE.


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Try it Out (Contd.)

Step 01: Create a new Project


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Try it Out (Contd.)

Step 02: Choose Dynamic Web project


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Try it Out (Contd.)

Step 03: Enter the project name: HelloApp


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Try it Out (Contd.)

Step 04: Enter content directoryname as WebContentand java source as src name. Click Fin ish .


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Try it Out (Contd.)

Output:


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Tools

1. SDE 3.0 or above

Tools


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Test Your Understanding

1. What is a Web application?

2. What is the directory structure of the Web

application?

3. What is the use of deployment descriptor in

Web application?

4. What is the use of Web-INF folder in Web

application?

k


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Struts Framework Session 03:Summary

A Web application is a collection of individual

components like jsp, html, JavaScript, and so

on. The Web Application should have a

configuration file called Deployment Descriptor

named as Web.xml.

Every Web application must have a Web-INF

directory directly under its root directory. Web-INF directory should have lib, classes,

and Web.xml file.

S k S i 03


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Struts Framework Session 03:Source

Programming Jakarta Struts, 2nd Edition

Disclaimer: Parts of the content of this course is based on the materials available from the Web sites andbooks listed above. The materials that can be accessed from linked sites are not maintained byCognizant Academy and we are not responsible for the contents thereof. All trademarks, service marks,and trade names in this course are the marks of the respective owner(s).

session 03 struts framework presentation v1.0

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