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SERVICE LEARNING Definitely NOT Community Service for a Grade

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WHAT IS SERVICE LEARNING?

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o Better Yet: What ISNT Service Learning?

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WHAT IT ISNT An episodic volunteer program; An add-on to an existing school or college curriculum; Logging a set number of community service hours in order to graduate;

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WHAT IT ISNT Compensatory service assigned as a form of punishment by the courts or by school administrators; Only for high school or college students; One-sided: benefitting only students or only the community.

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FORMALLY DEFINED: Source: (http://www.servicelearning.org/what-service- learning).http://www.servicelearning.org/what-service- learning

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THE BASICS:

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Investigation -- identifying members of a community, what community needs are not being met, and developing a plan of action for properly meeting those needs, while assessing how students will be learning.

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Planning and preparation -- designing the nature of the service, how it involves academic learning, civic awareness, or historical/social awareness, etc.

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Action -- the actual service experience, including advocacy

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Reflection maintaining awareness of the significance of the work and its relationship to both education and the community

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Demonstration -- students demonstrating both their skills at solving the problem and demonstrating how those skills enhance their education, while working in a communal way

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SOME CONCEPTS SURROUNDING SL: o Kolbs Experiential Learning Model o Gardners Theory of Multiple Intelligences o Golemans Social-Emotional Learning

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KOLB David A. Kolbs ELT model is based on the Experiential Learning Theory, as explained in his book, Experiential Learning.

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KOLB According to Kolb's ELT model, the ideal learning process engages four modes in response to situational demands. In order for learning to be effective, all four of these approaches must be incorporated.

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EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING THEORY MODES o The ELT model outlines two related approaches toward grasping experience: 1.Concrete Experience 2.Abstract Conceptualization.

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EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING THEORY MODES o Additionally, the ELT model outlines two related approaches toward transforming experience: 1.Reflective Observation 2.Active Experimentation

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THE TYPES OF LEARNERS: o Accommodator: Concrete Experience + Active Experiment o Converger: Abstract Conceptualization + Active Experiment o Diverger: Concrete Experience + Reflective Observation o Assimilator: Abstract Conceptualization + Reflective Observation

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ACCOMMODATORS o "Hands-on" and concert o Wants to do o Discovery method o Sets objectives/schedules o Asks questions fearlessly o Challenges theories o Adaptable o Receive information from others o Gut feeling rather than logic

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CONVERGER o "Hands-on" and theory o Analogies o Specific problems o Tests hypothesis o Best answer o Works alone o Problem solving o Technical over interpersonal

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DIVERGER o Real life experience and discussion o Imaginative o More than one possible solution o Brainstorming and groupwork o Observe rather than do o Alternatives o Background information

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ASSIMILATOR: o Theories and facts o Theoretical models and graphs o Talk about rationale rather than do o Lectures o Numbers o Defines problems o Logical Formats

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HOWARD A. GARDNER o The theory of multiple intelligences is a theory of intelligence that differentiates it into specific (primarily sensory) "modalities, rather than seeing intelligence as dominated by a single general ability. This model was proposed by Howard Gardner in his 1983 book, Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences.

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GARDNERS RATIONALE Gardner articulated seven criteria for a behavior to be considered an intelligence; these intelligences included: 1.Musical 2.Spatial 3.Linguistic 4.Logical/mathematical 5.Bodily/kinesthetic 6.Interpersonal 7.Intrapersonal 8.Naturalistic

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Musical intelligence found in individuals who naturally adapt a musical skill or instrument, and learn musical structures quickly, such as reading music, understanding arrangement, pitch, tone, rhythm, etc. INTELLIGENCES

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Spatial intelligence is found in individuals who understand spatial relationships, how physical objects and landscapes interact, and how to put things together in a spatial manner

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INTELLIGENCES Linguistic intelligence found in individuals who are good writers, speak eloquently and enjoy expression through language, as well as easily learn other language structures

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INTELLIGENCES Logical-mathematical intelligence found in individuals with a mathematical mind who enjoy working with numbers, and solving problems using critical thinking

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INTELLIGENCES Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence is found in individuals who excel at physical communication, expression, or sporting activities involving a mind-body connection

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INTELLIGENCES Interpersonal intelligence is found in individuals who relate well to others and enjoy working in groups of people; their strength is their ability to effectively communicate and positively affect a group dynamic

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INTELLIGENCES Intrapersonal intelligence is found in individuals who know how to explore their inner workings and motivations, and because of their demonstrated self-awareness, are often effective at assisting others with similar traits

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INTELLIGENCES Naturalistic intelligence is found in individuals with keen sensitivity to nature, often demonstrating awareness of classifications of species in plants and animals, and studying the origins of the natural world as part of our sustaining ecosystem

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DANIEL GOLEMAN o Social Emotional Learning (SEL) is a process for learning life skills, including how to deal with oneself, others and relationships, and work in an effective manner. Daniel Goleman introduced the concept of emotional intelligence in his book, Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than I.Q., published in 1995.

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SOCIAL EMOTIONAL LEARNING (SEL) o In dealing with oneself, SEL helps in recognizing our emotions and learning how to manage those feelings.

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SOCIAL EMOTIONAL LEARNING (SEL) o In dealing with others, SEL helps with developing sympathy and empathy for others, and maintaining positive relationships.

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SOCIAL EMOTIONAL LEARNING (SEL) o SEL also focuses on dealing with a variety of situations in a constructive and ethical manner.

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15 SKILLS RELATED TO SEL 1.Recognizing emotions in self and others 2.Regulating and managing strong emotions (positive and negative) 3.Recognizing strengths and areas of need 4.Listening and communicating accurately and clearly 5.Taking others' perspectives and sensing their emotions

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15 SKILLS RELATED TO SEL 6.Respecting others and self and appreciating differences 7.Including identifying problems correctly 8.Setting positive and realistic goals 9.Problem solving, decision making, and planning 10.Approaching others and building positive relationships

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15 SKILLS RELATED TO SEL 11.Resisting negative peer pressure 12.Cooperating, negotiating, and managing conflict and nonviolently 13.Working effectively in groups 14.Help-seeking and help-giving 15.Showing ethical and social responsibility

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BRINGING IT TOGETHER o Service Learning applies Kolb,Gardner, and Golemans work by transforming the learning process from a static state of instructor controlling the flow of information via lecture or presentation, and passive students receiving the information.

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BRINGING IT TOGETHER o Instead, they learn by collaborating, working in their unique learning style, and developing sympathy and empathy for others by recognizing a life experience different from their own.

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FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT o Under the FLSA, public sector employees (state colleges/universities) may not volunteer services to for-profit private sector employers. o There is no prohibition on anyone employed in the private sector from volunteering in any capacity or line of work in the public sector. Source: http://www.dol.gov/elaws/esa/flsa/docs/volunteers.asp http://www.dol.gov/elaws/esa/flsa/docs/volunteers.asp

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FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT o Non-profit community partners must be classified as a 501(c)(3) organization.