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Unit 1 Test

Matching

Match each item with the correct statement below.a. environment f. Earthb. axis g. sunc. GIS h. Southern Hemisphered. the western United States i. artifactse. Landsat j. a year

____ 1. “half sphere” 0 to 90S latitude____ 2. third planet from the sun____ 3. humans’ natural surroundings____ 4. computer software used to map the earth____ 5. tools and pottery from the past____ 6. an example of a huge region____ 7. center of the solar system____ 8. photos taken by satellites____ 9. a full revolution of the earth____ 10. imaginary line running through the earth’s center

Match each item with the correct statement below.a. the moon f. seasonsb. canyon g. isthmusc. geography h. 23 1/2d. Mt. Everest i. Mariana Trenche. 365 1/4 j. plateau

____ 11. a narrow piece of land that connects two larger pieces of land____ 12. the study of the earth in all its variety____ 13. number of days it takes the earth to travel around the sun____ 14. a cold, rocky sphere with no water or atmosphere____ 15. changes caused by the earth’s year-long orbit____ 16. steep-sided lowland formed by a river cutting through a plateau____ 17. lowest spot on the earth’s surface____ 18. flat area at a high elevation____ 19. highest spot on the earth’s surface____ 20. number of degrees that the earth is tilted on its axis

Multiple ChoiceIdentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 21. Which of the following is a human characteristic of a place?a. fertile soil c. amount of resources

b. available freshwater d. languages spoken____ 22. The area that surrounds the earth’s core is called the ____.

a. magma c. mantleb. crust d. continents

____ 23. Which of the following phrases best completes the diagram?a. continents move apart c. volcanoes eruptb. high mountain ranges result d. all of the above

____ 24. The angle of the sun’s rays causes the ____.a. seasons c. yearsb. days d. orbits

____ 25. When it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere, it is summer in the ____.a. Tropic of Cancer c. Southern Hemisphereb. North Pole d. galaxy

____ 26. The day with the fewest hours of sunlight occurs in the Northern Hemisphere in the ____.a. summer c. springb. autumn d. winter

____ 27. Off each coast of a continent lies a plateau called a(n) ____.a. island c. continental shelfb. isthmus d. trench

____ 28. Which two gases form about 99 percent of the atmosphere?a. oxygen and hydrogen c. helium and hydrogenb. nitrogen and oxygen d. hydrogen and nitrogen

____ 29. Water, wind, and ice move weathered material through a process called ____.a. magma c. mantleb. earthquakes d. erosion

____ 30. The earth’s crust includes ocean floors and ____.a. an inner core c. continentsb. an outer core d. straits

____ 31. Dangerous rays from the sun are screened out on the earth by the ____.a. equinoxes c. atmosphereb. oceans d. solstices

____ 32. Plates that form the earth’s crust float on liquid rock in the ____.a. magma c. mantleb. atmosphere d. tsunami

____ 33. What is A in the diagram?a. the moon c. the sunb. Earth d. the Equator

____ 34. Weathering is a process that ____.a. causes people to move from one place to anotherb. causes the movement of tectonic platesc. causes earthquakesd. breaks surface rocks into boulders, gravel, sand, and soil

____ 35. The earth’s 1,000-mile (1,609-km)-thick cushion of gases is called the ____.a. atmosphere c. grid systemb. greenhouse effect d. solar system

____ 36. The point where a river empties into another body of water is called its ____.a. source c. valleyb. mouth d. delta

____ 37. Magma can be seen in a(n) ____.a. river c. active volcanob. plain d. plateau

____ 38. Plains and mountains are examples of ____.a. landforms c. plateausb. hills d. islands

____ 39. About 70 percent of the earth’s surface is ____.a. continents c. waterb. islands d. gases

____ 40. The movement of the earth’s huge land masses is known as ____.a. earthquake activity c. erosionb. continental collision d. continental drift

____ 41. Which of the planets is closest to the sun?a. Saturn c. Venusb. Earth d. Mercury

____ 42. Which of the following is NOT a planet?a. Moon c. Plutob. Neptune d. Earth

____ 43. Which of the following is a “belt” that orbits the Sun?a. Jupiter c. Uranusb. Asteroids d. Comet

____ 44. Which two planets are closest to Earth?a. Mars and Venus c. Jupiter and Marsb. Moon and Mars d. Sun and Venus

____ 45. What does a star inside a circle symbolize on this map?a. national boundary c. projectionb. national capital d. other city

____ 46. Which feature on this map measures distance?a. compass rose c. type of projectionb. key d. scale bar

____ 47. What is the capital of Germany?a. Bremen c. Munichb. Hamburg d. Berlin

____ 48. Which city on the map is farthest east?a. Berlin c. Dresdenb. Cologne d. Rostock

“As we slowly climbed into the higher elevations, the air became colder. The vegetation that surrounded us changed from great forests of pine trees to just small

flowering shrubs tucked among the rocks. When we reached the peak, we could see for miles. Range after range filled the landscape in front of us.”

____ 49. What type of landform are these people describing?a. hill c. plateaub. mountain d. canyon

____ 50. On which of the following landforms could these people be located?a. Plateau of Tibet c. North European Plainb. Mt. Everest d. Great Rift Valley

____ 51. What type of plant life is found on the peak of the landform in this quote?a. desert cactus c. towering forestsb. low-lying shrubs d. tropical ferns

“At the beginning of our adventure, we stood upon a flat lowland. Our mules then started to carefully pick their way down the steep-sided walls. On our way down, we could see where a river had long ago carved through the various rock layers of the earth. Four hours later, our mules and our sore bodies reached the river at the bottom.”

____ 52. On what type of landform are these mules walking?a. canyon c. plainb. continental shelf d. isthmus

____ 53. Which of the following phrases from the quote tells you that the mules are NOT walking on a hill or mountain?a. steep-sided walls c. various rock layersb. river at the bottom d. a flat lowland

____ 54. According to the diagram, what type of landform is H?a. island c. isthmusb. peninsula d. strait

____ 55. Which of the following letters represents a volcano on the diagram?a. A c. Mb. K d. R

____ 56. Which of the following is labeled as “L” on the diagram?a. strait c. glacierb. lake d. gulf

____ 57. According to the diagram, what does the letter “M” show?a. volcano c. plateaub. hills d. glacier

____ 58. According to the diagram, which of the following is related to physical geography?a. the number of fish in an areab. the number of fishers in an areac. the word for “fish” in the local languaged. how people in the area eat their fish

____ 59. According to the diagram, which of the following is related to human geography?a. the cold climate of an areab. the types of vegetation that grow in cold climatesc. the types of clothing worn in cold climatesd. the location of a landmass near the North Pole

____ 60. More sunlight reaches the Northern Hemisphere than the Southern Hemisphere during thea. Vernal Equinox. c. Summer Solstice.b. Autumnal Equinox. d. Winter Solstice.

____ 61. The Northern Hemisphere tilts away from the sun during the _____.a. Vernal Equinox c. Summer Solsticeb. Autumnal Equinox d. Winter Solstice

____ 62. Summer occurs in the Southern Hemisphere during the _____.a. Winter Solstice c. Autumnal Equinoxb. Summer Solstice d. Vernal Equinox

____ 63. The North Pole experiences several weeks of constant darkness during the _____.a. Vernal Equinox c. Autumnal Equinoxb. Summer Solstice d. Winter Solstice

____ 64. This diagram shows Earth’s _____.a. rotation on its axis c. revolution around the sunb. human geography d. atmosphere

____ 65. What is the innermost layer of the earth?a. core c. crustb. mantle d. shelf

____ 66. Which layer of the earth is the thinnest?a. inner core c. crustb. outer core d. mantle

____ 67. Earth’s continents are part of the _____.a. core c. mantleb. magma d. crust

____ 68. Which letter on the map is located on the continent of Africa?a. A c. Cb. B d. D

____ 69. v Which continent is labeled with the letter “H”?a. Asia c. Europeb. Africa d. Australia

____ 70. Which continent is located north of Africa?a. North America c. Europeb. South America d. Antarctica

____ 71. What does the letter “G” show on this map?a. Atlantic Ocean c. Indian Oceanb. Pacific Ocean d. Arctic Ocean

____ 72. What was the name of the single large landmass that existed 200 million years ago?a. Eurasia c. Eurafricab. America d. Pangaea

____ 73. Which landmass was NOT connected to another landmass 65 million years ago?a. North America c. Indiab. Eurasia d. Australia

“A thousand feet below us, at the center of a valley of black lava . . . an enormous cone that didn’t exist a week ago erupts [continuously], hurling lava bombs as big as cars hundreds of feet into the air. ...The golden river of lava to our left is pouring from a [crack] in a summit crater belching smoke and ash above us.”

National Geographic

____ 74. What is the quote describing?a. an earthquake c. a faultb. a tsunami d. a volcano

____ 75. The quote uses the phrase “golden river of lava.” What is the scientific word for this melted rock?a. magma c. mantleb. core d. weathering

“Two continents, Australia and Antarctica, stand alone, while the others are joined in some way. Europe and Asia are actually parts of one huge landmass called Eurasia. A narrow neck of land called the Isthmus of Panama links North America and South America. Only the human-made Suez Canal separates Africa and Asia.”

____ 76. Which of the following continents is NOT connected to any other continent?a. Europe c. Australiab. Asia d. North America

____ 77. What type of landform connects North America and South America?a. a peninsula c. a canalb. a strait d. an isthmus

____ 78. Which continent was naturally connected to Africa, but now is separated by a human-made feature?a. Europe c. Antarcticab. Asia d. South America

Short Answer

79.What is the difference between B and H on the diagram?

80.Use the diagram to write a short description of our solar system.

81.Use the diagram to explain why the United States experiences changes in seasons.

82.What is the scale of miles on this map?

83.Are the black lines on this map rivers or boundaries? How can you tell?

Essay

84.What are some of the powerful forces that change the earth’s surface? Describe the causes and the results of one of these forces that you have read about or seen on TV news programs.

85.

What are the seasons like in the area of the United States where you live? Describe the seasons and what causes them.

86.What are some of the human and physical features in the area of the United States where you live?

87.How does the sun affect life on the earth?

Unit 1 TestAnswer Section

MATCHING

1. ANS: H PTS: 1 DIF: Average2. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Easy3. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Easy4. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average5. ANS: I PTS: 1 DIF: Easy6. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average7. ANS: G PTS: 1 DIF: Easy8. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Average9. ANS: J PTS: 1 DIF: Easy

10. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy

11. ANS: G PTS: 1 DIF: Average12. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy13. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Average14. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average15. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Easy16. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average17. ANS: I PTS: 1 DIF: Average18. ANS: J PTS: 1 DIF: Average19. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average20. ANS: H PTS: 1 DIF: Average

MULTIPLE CHOICE

21. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy22. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average23. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average

MSC: Document Based Question24. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average25. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy26. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average27. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average28. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average29. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average30. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average31. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average32. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average

33. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: AverageMSC: Document Based Question

34. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average35. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average36. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average37. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy38. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Easy39. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average40. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average41. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average

MSC: Document Based Question42. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Easy

MSC: Document Based Question43. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average

MSC: Document Based Question44. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average

MSC: Document Based Question45. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy

MSC: Document Based Question46. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average


MSC: Document Based Question48. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy

MSC: Document Based Question49. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging

MSC: Document Based Question50. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging


MSC: Document Based Question52. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging


MSC: Document Based Question54. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging




MSC: Document Based Question58. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging

MSC: Document Based Question59. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging

MSC: Document Based Question60. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average














MSC: Document Based Question74. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy



MSC: Document Based Question77. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy


MSC: Document Based Question

SHORT ANSWER

79. ANS:B is a strait, or a narrow body of water between two landmasses. H is an isthmus, or a narrow strip of land that connects two larger bodies of land.

PTS: 1 DIF: AverageMSC: Document Based Question

80. ANS:The sun is at the center of our solar system. Nine planets revolve around the sun, with Mercury located closest to the sun and Pluto located farthest from the sun. Earth is the third planet from the sun. Some planets have moons and/or rings. Asteroids and sometimes comets are included in our solar system.

PTS: 1 DIF: ChallengingMSC: Document Based Question

81. ANS:Earth is tilted 23 1/2 degrees on its axis. This tilt brings some areas of Earth closer to the sun as Earth makes its year-long orbit around the sun. When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted closer to the sun, it experiences summer. When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the sun, winter occurs.

PTS: 1 DIF: ChallengingMSC: Document Based Question

82. ANS:About 1/2 inch equals 100 miles on this map.


83. ANS:The key tells you that the black lines are national boundaries. The black lines may also be rivers, but this map is showing political features, not physical features.


ESSAY

84. ANS:Answers will vary but should include earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes, weathering, and erosion. Students might describe an earthquake, volcanic eruption, or flood in their area or in some other part of the world. They should describe the way it affected the places involved and the people living there. They should also explain the forces beneath the earth’s crust or on the earth’s surface that cause the change.

PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging85. ANS:

Answers will vary according to where students live but should mention the names of the seasons there the changes in climate experienced. Students should explain that seasons are caused by the tilt of the earth on its axis and the earth’s orbit around the sun. When the sun’s rays fall directly on a place, people enjoy the warmth of summer. When a place receives only indirect rays, people experience winter.


Answers will vary according to where students live but should mention such human features as towns, cities, highways, schools, and other human-made features as well as the physical features and landforms found there such as hills, plains, valleys, rivers, oceans, lakes, and mountains.


Answers will vary but should mention that the sun provides the light and heat that allow all forms of life on the earth to exist. The earth’s revolution and rotation around the sun cause the seasons and climate on our planet.

PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging

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