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doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
Sep. 2008
Slide 1 K. Sato, NICT
Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: [60GHz Applications and Propagation Characteristics]
Date Submitted: [8, September, 2008]
Source: [Katsuyoshi Sato, Hirokazu Sawada, Ryuhei Funada,
Hiroshi Harada, Shuzo Kato, Hiroyuki Nakase, Masahiro Umehira]
Company [National Institute of Information and Communications Technology,
Tohoku University, Ibaraki University]
Address [3-4, Hikarino-Oka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 239-0847, Japan]
Voice:[+81.46.847.5096], FAX: [+81.46.847.5079], E-Mail:[[email protected]]
Re: []
Abstract: [This contribution describes 60GHz propagation measurement of several condition.]
Purpose: [Contribution to VHT/mmW TG3c joint meeting.]
Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for
discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this
document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right
to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE
and may be made publicly available by P802.15.
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
Sep. 2008
Slide 2 K. Sato, NICT
60GHz Applications and Propagation
Characteristics
Katsuyoshi Sato, Hirokazu Sawada, Ryuhei Funada, Hiroshi Harada,
Shuzo Kato, Hiroyuki Nakase and Masahiro Umehira
National Institute of Information and
Communication Technology (NICT), Japan
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
Summary
• TG3c has adopted CM2.3 channel model for NLOS residential
environments – this was created by eliminating LOS
component from LOS channel model, and, later the real
measurements validated this as a good channel model for
severe communications environments
• This CM2.3 is good for beacon signal transmission from PNC
(Picone coordinator) with Omni antenna at both PNC and
Device up to 10 m coverage (typical coverage of WPAN)
• NLOS environments could be defined in many other ways
according to different applications such as beaconing,
desktop environments, intra room communications, long
transmission with very high antenna gain –which generates
very few delay spread
Sep. 2008
Slide 3 K. Sato, NICT
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
Sep. 2008
Slide 4 K. Sato, NICT
Agenda
Introduction
1. CM2.3: A valid NLOS channel model
i. Metal shadowing: Cabinet shadowing
ii. PC shadowing
2. Various NLOS environments and measurements
i. Common mode : up 10 m with Omni antenna - beaconing
ii. Long transmission: Door penetration
iii. PC Peripheral: Desktop penetration
3. High antenna gain applications
i. Delay spread
ii. Beam forming antenna
Conclusion
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
. CM2.3: A valid NLOS channel model
NLOS residential measurement
1,3,5m
Door
Win
do
w
Wall side
Window
Rotating
Table
(Step 5°)
6.85m3.5
7m
Network
Analyzer
Floor plan of residential environment
Tx 30°(16dBi)Rx 15°(22dBi)
Tx
L
K
J
H
G
F
E
D
C
B
A
Wood
-30°
0°
30°
60°
I
0°
50
°
Shadowing object
Metal Cabinet
– 70cm X 60cm X 40cm
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
Sep. 2008
Slide 6 K. Sato, NICT
0 20 40 60 80 100-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
Delay time [ns]
Rel
ati
ve a
mp
litu
de
[dB
]
Example PDPs (Power delay profile) in NLOS residential
environment (Beam width: Tx=30, Rx=30)
NLOS direct-path component with
the penetration loss of the door
Tx Rx
1 m
Direct-path component remains in NLOS measurement
TSV model can model NLOS residential channels
clusters
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
Metal Blocked: Example of Delay profile
Both antenna faced to each other
Sep. 2008
Slide 7 K. Sato, NICT
-100.0
-80.0
-60.0
-40.0
-20.0
0.0
0 20 40 60 80
Rela
tive
pow
er
[dB
]
Excess delay [ns]
LOS-05NLOS…
40 dB down due to shadowing
Almost same with/without shadowing object
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
Metal Blocked: Example of Delay profile
Both antenna faced to wall
Sep. 2008
Slide 8 K. Sato, NICT
-100.0
-80.0
-60.0
-40.0
-20.0
0.0
0 20 40 60 80
Rela
tive
pow
er [
dB]
Excess delay [ns]
LOS-50NLOS…
40 dB down
due to shadowingNon-direct path
reflected on the wall:
Independent on the object
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
PC Blocking:Measurement environment
Tx
Rx Tx
Rx
LoS environment NLoS environmentShadowing object:PC’s
TXantenna
RXantenna
AntennaConical horn antennaBeam width:30o
(16dBi)Polarization : V,H,CAntenna height : 1m
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
LoS environment
Display Display
Display Display
Display Display
Display Display
Desk
TapBookshelf
InstrumentInstrument
Win
dow
TV
InstrumentInstrument
5770
mm
6713
mm
5880
mm
65
70
mm
Hea
ter
Fre
ezer
Inst
rum
ent
Inst
rum
ent
Booksh
elf
Bookshelf
Box
Box
Whit
e boar
d
Box
0.5
m
1m
Radius =
1.5m
T
x
R
xAntenn
as
Hea
ter
Inst
rum
ent
Angle of
rotation,
θ
MaterialsWall, floor:ConcreteWindow:GlassDoor : woodDesk, White board, Refrigerator : MetalTV,PC:Plastic + Metal
AntennaConical hornBeam width:30o
(16dBi)Polarization:V,H,Cheight:1m
Measurement conditionDistance :1,2,3mRotation every 10 degree
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
PC Blocking: NLoS environment
Display Display
Display Display
Display Display
Display Display
Desk
TapBookshelf
InstrumentInstrument
Win
dow
TV
InstrumentInstrument
5770
mm
6713
mm
5880
mm
6570
mm
Hea
ter
Fre
ezer
Inst
rum
ent
Inst
rum
ent
Booksh
elf
Bookshelf
Box
Box
Whit
e boar
d
Box
Radius =
1.5m
T
x
R
xAntenn
as
Hea
ter
Inst
rum
ent
Angle of
rotation,
θ
MaterialsWall, floor:ConcreteWindow:GlassDoor : woodDesk, White board, Refrigerator : MetalTV, PC:Plastic + Metal
AntennaConical hornBeam width:30o
(16dBi)Polarization:V,H,Cheight:1m
Measurement conditionDistance :3mRotation every 10 degree
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
Sep. 2008
Slide 12 K. Sato, NICT
NLOS: Door - Measurement environment
Distance:1-3 m
Door: obstacle between Tx and Rx
Tx
Win
do
w
Wall side
Window
Rotation
Table
(Step 5°)Rx
Controller
6.85m
3.5
7m
Network
Analyzer
Floor plan of NLOS residential environment
Antenna
Hight:1.1 m
Ceiling
Height: 2.47 m
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
Sep. 2008
Slide 13 K. Sato, NICT
Instrument HP8510C VNA
Center frequency 62.5 GHz
Bandwidth 3 GHz
Time resolution 0.333 ns
Distance resolution 19.1 cm
# of frequency points 801
Frequency step 3.75MHz
Times of average 128 times
Measurement conditions
Calibration performed with 1m reference separationTime resolution and distance resolution were determined by bandwidth
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
Sep. 2008
Slide 14 K. Sato, NICT
Measurement conditions (cont’)
Antenna: Conical horn antenna Polarization: Vertical Beam-width: Tx:30 and Rx 30
Conical horn antenna
Beam-width 30 deg
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
NLOS:Penetration measurement ~ Office desktop~
-160
-140
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
系…
Penetration loss was measured to be more than 50 dB.TX antenna : Omni(4dBi)), RX antenna : 15 degree(22dBi)
Time [nsec]
Rec
eive
d p
ow
er [
dB
]
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
Penetration measurement
~ Low wooden desk ~
1200 mm
54
0 m
m
410 mm
240 mm
200 mm
RX antenna
TX antenna
0
2
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
Penetration loss: 10dB
240 mm
Without desktop (Direct) : -42.2 dB
100 mm
-140
-130
-120
-110
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
系
Delay Spread : 0.26 nsec
Loss[dB]
-10.5-17.5-16.5-18.9-24.0-23.7-18.3-22.7-34.8
ReceivedPower[dB]
-52.7-59.7-58.7-61.1-66.2-65.9-60.5-64.9-77.0
Position
012345678
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
NLOS: Penetration measurement
~ meeting desk ~
1600 mm
54
0 m
m
400 mm
270 mm
200 mm
RX antenna
TX antenna
0
2
1-65.9 dB250 mm
100 mm
70
0 m
m
-65.19-66.9-71.4-76.0-81.8-67.4-68.7-63.5-76.4-75.9-65.3-80.3-74.9
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Without desktop (Direct) : -41.0 dB
400 mm
-24.19-25.9-30.4-35-40.8-26.4-27.7-22.5-25.4-34.9-24.3-39.3-33.9
-140
-130
-120
-110
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Delay Spread : 0.51 nsec
ReceivedPower [dB] loss[dB]Position
0123456789
101112
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
Sep. 2008
Slide 18 K. Sato, NICT
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 350
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
RMS delay spread [ns]
CD
F [
%]
30deg,IPOINT=4, -20dB cut30deg, IPOINT=4, -30dB cut30deg, IPOINT=4, -40dB cut30deg, IPOINT=4, No cut30deg, IPOINT=8, -20dB cut30deg, IPOINT=8, -30dB cut30deg, IPOINT=8, -40dB cut30deg, IPOINT=8, No cut30deg, Continous, -30 dB cut
0 5 10 15 200
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
RMS delay spread [ns]
CD
F [
%]
15deg,IPOINT=4, 20dB cut15deg, IPOINT=4, 30dB cut15deg, IPOINT=4, 40dB cut15deg, IPOINT=4, No cut15deg, IPOINT=8, 20dB cut15deg, IPOINT=8, 30dB cut15deg, IPOINT=8, 40dB cut15deg, IPOINT=8, No cut15deg, Continous, -30 dB cut
•30 dB cut-off and no cut-off thresholds(*) give no difference in RMS delay spread•Continuous channel and discrete channels generated from the continuous give no difference in RMS delay spread•CM2.3 (WRx= 30deg with -30 dB cut-off threshold) (same result as previous )
• 90th percentile of CDF: 12.5 ns, and 100th percentile of CDF: 30.8 ns•WRx of 15 deg with -30 dB cut-off threshold
•90th percentile of CDF: 7.7 ns, and 100th percentile of CDF: 18.8 ns
Drms CDF with 30 deg (Original CM2.3) Drms CDF with 15 deg
RMS delay spread analysis of CM2.3
18
IPOINT denotes oversampling points
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
High Antenna Gain applications
To transmit LONG distance such as 30 m, a 30
dBi antenna gain will be required.
In such case, the measured delay spread is
very small (a couple of ns with 5 degree
HPBW antenna)
Direct as well as reflective wave is good enough
for communciations
TG3c specification includes beam forming to
track the best and 2nd best beam for more
reliable communciations
Sep. 2008
Slide 19 K. Sato, NICT
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-08-0651-00-003c
Submission
Conclusion
NLOS environments may be defined in
various ways according to different
applications.
CM2.3 channel model has been validate as a
good channel model for beacon signal
transmission to cover up to 10 m in NLOS
environments with Omni antenna
Beam forming antenna will resolve delay
spread issue a lot
Sep. 2008
Slide 20 K. Sato, NICT