Sentences:Simple, Complex, &

Compound

Ms. Davis’s & Ms. Hillman’s 5th Grade Language Arts Classes

Review: ClausesReview: Clauseso To understand certain types of sentences,

you have to understand certain types of clauses, as studied in our last unit.

o Remember: an independent clauseindependent clause is just a fancy name for a complete sentence.

o A dependent clausedependent clause is a group of words that has a subject and predicate, but it cannot stand alone (it doesn’t express a complete thought).

What is a SIMPLE What is a SIMPLE Sentence?Sentence?

Asimple sentencesimple sentence

is a stand-aloneindependent clauseindependent clause

without anydependent clausesdependent clauses.

Sample SIMPLE Sample SIMPLE SentencesSentences

Simple Sentence / Independent Clause #1: My sister’s cat really annoys me.My sister’s cat really annoys me.

Simple Sentence / Independent Clause #2: My brother and I are tired.My brother and I are tired.

Simple Sentence / Independent Clause #3: The trees bent and swayed in the wind.The trees bent and swayed in the wind.Simple Sentence / Independent Clause #4:

A small, furry squirrel ran up a pole.A small, furry squirrel ran up a pole.(Notice how sentence #2 has compound subjects and

sentence #3 has compound predicates.)

What is a COMPLEX What is a COMPLEX Sentence?Sentence?

Acomplex sentencecomplex sentence

is a sentence with an independent clauseindependent clause

AND one or moredependent clausesdependent clauses.

Sample COMPLEX Sample COMPLEX SentencesSentencesHere’s how you make simplesimple sentence #1 complexcomplex:

Simple Sentence / Independent Clause:Simple Sentence / Independent Clause:My sister’s cat really annoys me.

++Dependent Clause:Dependent Clause:when it bites my feet

==Complex Sentence:Complex Sentence:

My sister’s cat really annoys me when it bites my feet.OROR

When it bites my feet,, my sister’s cat really annoys me.

Sample COMPLEX Sample COMPLEX SentencesSentencesHere’s how you make simplesimple sentence #2 complexcomplex:

Simple Sentence / Independent Clause:Simple Sentence / Independent Clause:My brother and I are tired.

++Dependent Clause:Dependent Clause:

after football practice ends==

Complex Sentence:Complex Sentence:My brother and I are tired after football practice ends.

ORORAfter football practice ends,, my brother and I are tired.

Sample COMPLEX Sample COMPLEX SentencesSentencesHere’s how you make simplesimple sentence #3 complexcomplex:

Simple Sentence / Independent Clause:Simple Sentence / Independent Clause:The trees bent and swayed in the wind.

++Dependent Clause:Dependent Clause:

while the rain poured down==

Complex Sentence:Complex Sentence:The trees bent and swayed in the wind while the rain

poured down.OROR

While the rain poured down,, the trees bent and swayed in the wind.

Sample COMPLEX Sample COMPLEX SentencesSentencesHere’s how you make simplesimple sentence #4 complexcomplex:

Simple Sentence / Independent Clause:Simple Sentence / Independent Clause:A small, furry squirrel ran up a pole.

++Dependent Clause:Dependent Clause:

since the cat chased it==

Complex Sentence:Complex Sentence:A small, furry squirrel ran up a pole since the cat chased it.

ORORSince the cat chased it,, a small, furry squirrel ran up a pole.

Complex Sentence PracticeComplex Sentence PracticeIn each pair of sentences, decide which one is complex:

1. a. I would like to eat my salad before my ribeye steak. b. Jenny must clean her room before she goes.

2. a. After the news is over, let’s play a game. b. Patrick will line up after Susan, Terri, and Robert.

3. a. He will do his homework because it’s due tomorrow. b. The final game was postponed because of the rain.

4. a. When will you come to my house to play air hockey? b. When the moon is full, strange things happen.

Complex Sentence PracticeComplex Sentence PracticeThe pinkpink sentence is complex:1. a. I would like my fresh salad before my sirloin steak. b. Jenny must clean her room before she goes.b. Jenny must clean her room before she goes.

2. a. After the news is over, let’s play a game.a. After the news is over, let’s play a game. b. Patrick will line up after Susan, Terri, and Robert.3. a. He will do his homework because it’s due a. He will do his homework because it’s due

tomorrow.tomorrow. b. The final game was postponed because of the rain. 4. a. When will you come to my house to play air hockey? b. When the moon is full, strange things happen.b. When the moon is full, strange things happen.

Remember: A dependent clause must haveRemember: A dependent clause must havea subject a subject ANDAND a predicate! a predicate!

What is a COMPOUND What is a COMPOUND Sentence?Sentence?

Acompound sentencecompound sentenceis a sentence with two independent clausesindependent clauses

joined by acoordinating conjunctioncoordinating conjunction.

.

What is a COORDINATING What is a COORDINATING CONJUNCTION?CONJUNCTION?These are the 7

coordinating conjunctionscoordinating conjunctionsused to join compound sentences:

forfor, andand, nornor,butbut, oror, yetyet, soso (FYI: “for” = “because”)

Just remember:F A N B O Y SF A N B O Y S

Punctuating Compound Punctuating Compound SentencesSentences

Use a comma AFTERAFTER

the 1st independent clause,BEFOREBEFORE

the coordinating conjunction!

Sample COMPOUND Sample COMPOUND SentencesSentencesHere’s how you make simplesimple sentence #1 compoundcompound:

Simple Sentence / Independent Clause:Simple Sentence / Independent Clause:My sister’s cat really annoys me.

++Coordinating Conjunction:Coordinating Conjunction:

but++

Another Independent Clause:Another Independent Clause:It is cute.

==Compound Sentence:Compound Sentence:

My sister’s cat really annoys me,, butbut it is cute.

Sample COMPOUND Sample COMPOUND SentencesSentencesHere’s how you make simplesimple sentence #2 compoundcompound:

Simple Sentence / Independent Clause:Simple Sentence / Independent Clause:My brother and I are tired.

++Coordinating Conjunction:Coordinating Conjunction:

so++

Another Independent Clause:Another Independent Clause:We are going to bed.

==Compound Sentence:Compound Sentence:

My brother and I are tired,, soso we are going to bed.

Sample COMPOUND Sample COMPOUND SentencesSentencesHere’s how you make simplesimple sentence #3 compoundcompound:

Simple Sentence / Independent Clause:Simple Sentence / Independent Clause:The trees bent and swayed in the wind.

++Coordinating Conjunction:Coordinating Conjunction:

for++

Another Independent Clause:Another Independent Clause:The storm was approaching.

==Compound Sentence:Compound Sentence:

The trees bent and swayed in the wind,, forfor the storm was approaching.

Sample COMPOUND Sample COMPOUND SentencesSentencesHere’s how you make simplesimple sentence #4 compoundcompound:Independent Clause:Independent Clause:

A small, furry squirrel ran up a pole.++

Coordinating Conjunction:Coordinating Conjunction:yet++

Another Independent Clause:Another Independent Clause:It wasn’t being chased.

==Compound Sentence:Compound Sentence:

A small, furry squirrel ran up a pole,, yetyet it wasn’t being chased.

POP QuizPOP QuizDecide whether each sentence is simple (S)(S), complex

(CX)(CX),or compound (CD)(CD).1. The desk was made of wood and metal.2. When I left home, it hadn’t rained yet.3. What’s on TV after this show?4. I have some money, but I want to save it.5. Bill and Sam played baseball and football today.6. I’m going to read while I wait for my mom.7. She’s tired, for she stayed up too late.8. I want a Coke, and I’ll have pizza, too.9. Mrs. Parker has a big, black, sassy cat.10. Tammy finished her test although she was careless.

POP Quiz AnswersPOP Quiz AnswersDecide whether each sentence is simple (S), complex (CX),or compound (CD).1. The desk was made of wood and metal. (S)(S)2. WhenWhen I left home, it hadn’t rained yet. (CX)(CX)3. What’s on TV after this show? (S)(S)4. I have some money, butbut I want to save it. (CD)(CD)5. Bill and Sam played baseball and football today. (S)(S)6. I’m going to read whilewhile I wait for my mom. (CX)(CX)7. She’s tired, forfor she stayed up too late. (CD)(CD)8. Do you want a Coke, oror do you want tea? (CD)(CD)9. Mrs. Parker has a big, black, sassy cat. (S)(S)10. Tammy finished her test althoughalthough she was careless.

(CX)(CX)