sentence correction gmat verbal free class lecture prep

8/6/2019 Sentence Correction GMAT Verbal Free Class Lecture Prep

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Online Classes for GMAT

June 2011 Session; repeat possible in July also)

By: Satyadhar Joshi

[email protected]

GMAT Verbal SeriesCovering: Sentence Correction (Level 1)

http://www.freegregmatclass.com/http://onlineclasses.nanotechbiz.org/



Good things about the GMAT Sentence

Correction

y GMAT board sticks to basics

y No controversy allowed, so answers are distinct

y If you try to understand the rules of the games then things

are easy for you (go for reasons and logics)y You will make clear and effective sentence after GMAT prep

y You will not make awkward, unnecessary, and unclearsentence and will know how to repair them

y Also understand the meaning between correct and best!



GMAT Verbal Classes

(100 hours online Course)

y Introduction

y Importance of Grammar & Punctuation

y Critical Reasoning

y Sentence Correctiony Reading comprehension Strategies

y Level 1-2-3

y All ppts uploaded on website/courseware

y Mock Exams for the GMAT

y More«



Level 1 (Week 1)

y Review of all three sections of GMAT

y Discussions & Strategies

y 7 Class (7 hours)

y 10-20 Examplesy First Week

y Text Book: Verbal Workout by GMAT by Princeton

y Text: Cracking the GMAT by Princeton



Level Concept to tackle psychology

y Level 1 is 650

y Level 2 is 700 (no play of grammar jargons and LSAT)

y Level 3 is 780 (the best a man could do)

y Hence don·t worry about the timings and length

y Tame mind for a nothing to loose and taking something outof the preparation

y Human mind is hard to tame!!!



GMAT English

y It·s own logic

y Different from what you hear and speak sometimes

y Remember it·s not English it·s GMAT English

y So Learn GMAT English!



Aspects

y Correct grammar (8 types of errors)

y Clear meaning (Understand what does it mean)

y Concise style (Idiomatic and common sense)

y Trishool concept

y Understand the choice

y Find the change in all by mental coloration and underlining

y Meaning matter vs don·t matter??? Really???



Type of Errors

y Word choice vs verbs vs pronouns etc

y Make a list of errors and program your mind to search onthem

y

Train your mind to search for three types of error in theright order



How to crack it

y Order difficulty

y Process of Elimination (start with a sure shot rather thangoing in same order)

y

Use of Scratch paper (extremely helpful to start with)



Elimination

y 1/5 Choices are no change

y If you can·t sell a lemon, replace ity Almost right

y Three down, two to go



Check list for errorsy Pronoun?

y Modifying?

y Series of things?

y

Tense?y Comparison with similar vs then?

y Quantity words?

y Subject Verb agreement?

y

Apples and oranges being compared?y Other idiomatic?

y Any other things to check



Reasoning

y Why are these rules made?

y Do they make any sense?

y Is it about memorization of the rules?

y Is there some way to understand how they came intoexistence?



Text Books for the Course

y GMAT Books by Princeton (General and Verbal Specific)

y GMAT Manhattan Sentence Correction

y GMAT Kaplan

y GMAT Verbal Official Review & Verbal Reviewy Conquering GMAT Verbal by McGraw Hills

y 1000 SCs after exhausting all the other resources (Big book)

y Mandatory to buy the respective books from the Authorizedpublisher



Ambiguity & Change in meaning

y Ambiguity Most important concept

y What we want it to mean, it should mean the same

y Each question has options that change the meaning



Registered brokerage firms have been required to

record the details of all computerized programtrades made in the past year so that government

agencies will be able to decide whether they should

be banned.

y Will be able to decide whether they should be banned

y Should be able to decide whether they should be banned

y Should be able to decide whether they can be banned

y Will be able to decide whether program trades should beable to be banned

y Will be able to decide whether program tradesshould be banned (best)



Terms often used in explanationy Subordinate clauses or dependent clause

y Prepositional phrase

y Modifying phrase

y Two independent clauses

y Simple past tense

y Possessive

y Antecedent

y Infinitive: to-(infinitive)form

y http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinitive

y http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antecedent_%28grammar%29



Basic Grammar Terminologyy A noun is a word that·s used to name a person, place or thingy A verb is a word that expresses action

Sue opened the box

y An adjective is a word that modifies a nouny An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, adjective, or adverby A preposition is a word that notes the relations of a noun to an

action or a thingy A phrase is group of words acting as a single part of speech. A

phrase is missing either a subject or a verb

y Sue opened the big box of chocolates



Preposition and Modifiers (Type)

y Preposition Phrase is a group of words beginning with apreposition. Like any phrase, a preposition phrase does notcontain a subject or a verb

y Sue opened the big box of chocolates

y quickly=adverb, verb = opened, big =adjective for noun= box

y Of is preposition because it shows relation between box andchocolates; of chocolates is a preposition phrase that acts likea adjective by modifying box



Clauses

y Pronoun is a word that takes place of a noun

y A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb

y Because she was famished, Sue quickly opened the big box of chocolates

y The above sentence has 2 clauses. Independent clause and

dependent

y Application in modifiers



List of Pronouns

y ´Newsµ

y Singular: List a

y Plural: List b

y Opening the other file

y GMAT Games: Names of countries or things with end with s,

like New Brussels or News« both are singular



Side Effect

y Preposition Phrases

y (on for of by in on to from)

y Subordinate clauses

y Which when that whom wherey Modifiers

y Comma or -ing things



Pronoun Error

y While Brussels has smashed all Western European tourismrevenue records this year, they still lag well behind inexports.

y

This year, they still lag well behind in exportsy In this past year, they still lag well behind in exports

y In the last year, it lags still well behind in exports

y This year, they lags well behind in the exports

y This year, it still lags well behind in exports



Misplaced Modifiers

y Coming out of the department, John·s wallet was stolen

y Coming out

y Wallet coming out?

y Who is modifying what?



Forms of misplaced modifiers

y Participating phrase precede by a preposition

y Adjectives (right to the right)

y Adjectival Phrases

y Makes things wrong or ambiguous



Written in 1961, Joseph scored a literary hit with

his comedic first novel, Catch-22

y Written in 1961, Joseph scored a literary hit with hiscomedic first novel, Catch-22

y Written in 1961, Joseph scored a literary hit with Catch22,his comedic first novel

y Written in 1961, Catch-22, the comedic first novel by Joseph, was a literary hit

y Catch-22, which was written in 1961 by Joseph, scored a

literary hit with his first comedic novely Catch-22, the comedic first novel, scored a literary hit for

Joseph by its being written in 1961



Written in1961, Joseph scored a literary hit with

his comedic first novel, Catch-22

y Written in 1961, Joseph scored a literary hit with hiscomedic first novel, Catch-22

y Written in 1961, Joseph scored a literary hit with Catch22,his comedic first novel

y Written in 1961, Catch-22, the comedic first novel by

Joseph, was a literary hit (right answer)

y Catch-22, which was written in 1961 by Joseph, scored a

literary hit with his first comedic novel (awkward)y Catch-22, the comedic first novel, scored a literary hit for

Joseph by its being written in 1961 (awkward)



Parallel Construction

y See the comma and the things it talks about

y All list, or all actions, must satisfy the same tone

y All should be in same form



In a recent survey, the Gallup poll discovered that

the average American speaks 1.3 languages, buys

a new car every 5.2 years, drinks 14 gallons of

alcoholic beverages every year, and forgot to pay

at least one bill per quarter

y Drinks 14 gallons of alcoholic beverages every year, and forgot topay at least one bill one quarter

y Drinks 14 gallons of alcoholic beverages every year, and forgets topay at least one bill per quarter

y Can drink 14 gallons of alcoholic beverages every quarter and

forgot to pay at least one bill per quartery Drinks 14 gallons of alcoholic beverages every year, and forgets at

least to pay one bill per quartery Drank 14 gallons of alcoholic beverages every year, and forgets to

pay at least one bill per quarter



In a recent survey, the Gallup poll discovered that

the average American speaks 1.3 languages, buys

a new car every 5.2 years, drinks 14 gallons of

alcoholic beverages every year, and forgot to pay

at least one bill per quarter

y Drinks 14 gallons of alcoholic beverages every year, and forgot topay at least one bill one quarter

y Drinks 14 gallons of alcoholic beverages every year, andforgets to pay at least one bill per quarter (right)

y Can drink 14 gallons of alcoholic beverages every quarter, and

forgot to pay at least one bill per quartery Drinks 14 gallons of alcoholic beverages every year, and forgets at

least to pay one bill per quartery Drank 14 gallons of alcoholic beverages every year, and forgets to

pay at least one bill per quarter



Tense

y Present

y Simple past

y Present perfect (has walked)

yPast perfect (had walked)

y Future

y How to spot tense errors



Example

y When he was younger he walked three miles every day andhad has lifted weights too.

y

Has lifted (the present perfect tense)

y When he was younger he walked three miles every day andlifted weight too.



A doctor at the Amsterdam Clinic maintains that if

children eat a diet high in Vitamins and took vitamin

supplements, they will be less likely to catch thecommon cold

y Took vitamin supplements, they will be less likely to catch

y

Took vitamins supplements, they are less likely to catchy Take vitamin supplements, they were less likely of catching

y Take vitamin supplements, they will be less likely of catching

y Take vitamin supplements, they are less likely to

catch



The administration of a small daily dose of

aspirin has not only been shown to lower therisk of heart attack, and it has also been

shown to help relieve the suffering of arthritis

y

And it has also been shown to helpy And it has also been shown helpful to

y But it has also been shown to help

y But it has been shown helpful in addition for

y In addition it has also been showing helping



Many political insiders now believe that the

dissension in congress over heath issuesdecrease the likelihood for significant action being

taken this year

y

Decrease the likelihood for significant action beingy Decrease the likelihood that significant action will be

y Decrease the likelihood of significant action to be

y Decreases the likelihood for significant action being

y Decreases the likelihood that significant action will be

Dissension= disagreement



Idioms

y List of Idioms

y 40-50 Idioms

y Most of the Indians English speaking population knows about

themy Meaning changes if we use them incorrectly

y Open file in a new tab



The administration of a small daily dose of

aspirin has not only been shown to lower therisk of heart attack, and it has also been

shown to help relieve the suffering of arthritis

y

And it has also been shown to helpy And it has also been shown helpful to

y But it has also been shown to help

y But it has been shown helpful in addition for (awkward)

y In addition it has also been showing helping



Apples and Oranges

y The people in my office is smarter than other offices(wrong).

y Correct: The people in my office are smarter than the peoplein the other offices.

y Synthetic oil burns less efficiently than natural oils

y Synthetic oil burns less efficiently than natural oils burns(correct)

y Synthetic oil burns less efficiently than do natural oils (ETS)



Doctors sometimes have difficulty diagnosing

viral pneumonia because the early symptoms

of this potentially deadly illness are often

quite similar to the common cold

y Are often quite similar to the common cold

y Often resemble that of common cold

y Are often quite similar to those of the common cold

y Are often similar to the common cold·s symptom

yQuite often are, like the common cold, similar



Doctors sometimes have difficulty diagnosing

viral pneumonia because the early symptoms

of this potentially deadly illness are often

quite similar to the common cold

y Are often quite similar to the common cold

y Often resemble that of common cold

y Are often quite similar to those of the common cold

y Are often similar to the common cold·s symptom

(symptoms)y Quite often are, like the common cold, similar

y Compare symptom vs symptom



Quantity wordsIf 2 items If more than two

between among

more most

less least

Countable items Non ²countable items

fewer less

number Amount, quantity

many much



Of the many decisions facing the energy commission

as it meets to decide on new directions for the next

century, the question of the future of nuclear energy

is for certain the more perplexing.

y is for certain the more perplexing.

y is for certain he most perplexing

y It seems certain, is the most perplexed

y Is certainly the more perplexing

y It seems certain, is perplexing most



Of the many decisions facing the energy commission

as it meets to decide on new directions for the next

century, the question of the future of nuclear energy

is for certain the more perplexing.

y is for certain the more perplexing.

y is for certain he most perplexing

y It seems certain, is the most perplexed

y Is certainly the more perplexing

y It seems certain, is perplexing most (awkward)



The foresight that was evident in the court·s

selection of an independent trustee to oversee

the provisions of the agreement will probablygo unremarked by the press

y that was evident in the court·s selection of an independent

trusteey That was evident by the court·s selection of an independent

trustee

y Evidenced with the court·s selection of an independent trustee

y Evidenced of the court·s selection of an independent trusteey That was evident of the court·s selection of an independent trustee



The foresight that was evident in the court·s

selection of an independent trustee to oversee

the provisions of the agreement will probablygo unremarked by the press

y that was evident in the court·s selection of an

independent trusteey That was evident by the court·s selection of an independent

trustee

y Evidenced with the court·s selection of an independent trustee

y Evidenced of the court·s selection of an independent trusteey That was evident of the court·s selection of an independent trustee



Conclusion

y 45 Days

y 200 hours online live class on GMAT Verbal

y More questions might be done in the month of July

depending on request



For More see

y http://freegregmatclass.com/

y http://onlineclasses.nanotechbiz.org/

y Email: [email protected], [email protected]

sentence correction gmat verbal free class lecture prep

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