1. Presentation on SensorFor Universal Testing Machine Sanpreet Singh Student Guru Nanak Dev EngineeringCollege, Ludhiana

2. Universal Testing Machine 3. Steps: First(Setting Load indication) 4. Second step: Lever Setting 5. Third Step: Pressure Control 6. Fourth Step: Strain Lever 7. Fifth Slide: Straining rate 8. Sixth Slide 9. Sensors for Universal TestingMachine Two Categories of Sensors have beensearched by me for universal testing machine. One of them is Force sensors and other ispressure sensors. 10. Difference b/w force and pressure sensor 11. Difference b/w Force and pressuretransducer Using Pressure sensor force is calculated indirectly usingpiston cylinder mechanism. Load cells(Force Sensor) independently and directlymeasure the force being applied to the specimen. The load accuracy in case of (Force Sensor) is the sameover the entire stroke of the machine since load ismeasured independently of the hydraulic pressure. Pressure sensor: Factor of friction of piston comes into playwhen oil is pumped into the cylinder. In other sense we cansay Is lubrication properly mitigating friction over the entirestroke. 12. Maximum pressure to be measuredof our UTM Machine We know that pressure is Force/area In our case RAM Diameter=180mm P=50tonn/3.14*(180*10^-3)^2/4 50tonn=490332 Newton P=(490332*10^-6)/25434= 193Bar 13. MBS 33-3411-1AB08 PressureSensorMBS 33-2421-1AB08 measuring 0-250 bar pressure.Output signal: 4-20 mAAccuracy (incl. non-linearity, hysteresis and repeatability): 0.3% FS (typ.),0.8% FS (max.)Hysteresis and repeatability: 0.1% FSResponse time: < 4 ms Supply voltage: 1030 V Thermal sensitivity (span) shift: 0.1% FS/10K (typ.)Price : 5500 Indian Rupees available from transworld automation,Ludhiana.Overload pressure (Static): 6 FS (max. 1500 bar) Burst pressure: >6 FS(max.2000 bar) 14. PS61 Series Pressure sensor Pressure range: 15 to 3000 psi (1 to 207 bar) Pressure Range Code: 25 Repeatibilty: 5 psi (0.34 bar) +3% of setting Repeatability and set point of units may changedue to the effects of temperature. Diaphragm Material:Nitrile Burst Pressure: 9000 psi (600 bar) Proof Pressure: 6000 psi (414 bar 15. PS61-25 16. Enkay Enterprises This company is making pressure sensors. The sensor to measure the Pressure shall costRs. 18,500/- Indicator if you desire for the same shall becosting Rs. 12,900/- Fitting Plus Calibration Rs. 7000/- 17. Force Transducer From SensotechSensotech is making Special load cell which have the followingcharacteristics. Load cell means Force sensor.Capacity range= 100 Tonn Linearity Deviation Nominal Sensitivity(mv/v):2 0.25 % Maximum Excitation Voltage:25 Volt Linearity Deviation:< 0.020 Repeatability :< 0.020 Hysteresis:< 0.020 Creep after 30 Minutes:< 0.020Max. Limit Force:150% Material of Construction:Alloy Steel 18. Price rate of Sensotech The price list of special load cell is unv:100t is142750 Indian rupees. 19. Force sensor from sushma industries Model is FS-117 Repeatibilty: 0.05% Hysteresis: 0.15% Creep: 0.05% Sensitivity: 2mV/V 10% of rated output Maximum Excitation Voltage: 15Volt D.C Safe side Load: 30% of rated output. Safe Overload: 150% of rated output 150% of rated output 20. Force sensor FS-117