Seminar 7Instructor: Bina Roginsky, Psy.D

Seminar 7Instructor: Bina Roginsky, Psy.D

Elements of DiversityValue Orientation Model

(Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck, 1961)

Elements of DiversityValue Orientation Model

(Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck, 1961)• Euro-American culture in the United States:

– future oriented, focused on doing, emphasizes individualism, aspires to be dominant over nature,

– believes that human nature is mixed, some people are good and some are bad (e.g., Carter, 1990).

– Value activity, doing, hierarchical relationships

• Native cultures: – past oriented, focused on being, emphasize

collateral (group) relations, aspire to be in harmony with nature

– believe that people are fundamentally good

• Euro-American culture in the United States:– future oriented, focused on doing, emphasizes

individualism, aspires to be dominant over nature,

– believes that human nature is mixed, some people are good and some are bad (e.g., Carter, 1990).

– Value activity, doing, hierarchical relationships

• Native cultures: – past oriented, focused on being, emphasize

collateral (group) relations, aspire to be in harmony with nature

– believe that people are fundamentally good

Elements of DiversityLocus of Control (Rotter, 1966)

Elements of DiversityLocus of Control (Rotter, 1966)

Most common groups with high INTERNAL locus of control (Caucasian, Chinese) have:More attempts at mastering environmentBetter coping and cognitive processingLower anxiety, higher motivation

External locus of control more common in minority, females, low SES - “It’s no use trying…”

Most common groups with high INTERNAL locus of control (Caucasian, Chinese) have:More attempts at mastering environmentBetter coping and cognitive processingLower anxiety, higher motivation

External locus of control more common in minority, females, low SES - “It’s no use trying…”

What happens when we add responsibility as a factor?

What happens when we add responsibility as a factor?

• Internal Control and Responsibility– Assertive/passive: I’m Ok and society is OK- I can make it

• External Control and Internal Responsibility (Marginal/passive)

– I’m OK but control comes from being like dominant culture - it’s up to me

• External Control and Responsibility– Passive/aggressive: I’m not Ok, I might as well give up.

Society is the reason for my problems

• Internal Control and External Responsibility– I’m OK but need a chance - society is not good and I need

to change it

• Internal Control and Responsibility– Assertive/passive: I’m Ok and society is OK- I can make it

• External Control and Internal Responsibility (Marginal/passive)

– I’m OK but control comes from being like dominant culture - it’s up to me

• External Control and Responsibility– Passive/aggressive: I’m not Ok, I might as well give up.

Society is the reason for my problems

• Internal Control and External Responsibility– I’m OK but need a chance - society is not good and I need

to change it

Other factors to consider when discussing control and

responsibility

Other factors to consider when discussing control and

responsibility• Racial pride and identity

– Most likely to be accepted by IC-ER– Redefining self and group in positive light– View many current issues as rising from racism

• How might these concepts and worldviews be expressed in children?

• Is there a certain direction that we would encourage them to think in?

• Racial pride and identity– Most likely to be accepted by IC-ER– Redefining self and group in positive light– View many current issues as rising from racism

• How might these concepts and worldviews be expressed in children?

• Is there a certain direction that we would encourage them to think in?

Racial/Cultural Identity Development Model

Atkinson, Morten, & Sue (1989

Racial/Cultural Identity Development Model

Atkinson, Morten, & Sue (1989• Conformity - dominant cultural values• Dissonance - question identity• Resistance & Immersion - appreciate

group and reject dominant culture• Introspection - differentiate individual

views• Integrative Awareness - self & other

appreciation

• Conformity - dominant cultural values• Dissonance - question identity• Resistance & Immersion - appreciate

group and reject dominant culture• Introspection - differentiate individual

views• Integrative Awareness - self & other

appreciation

General stages of identity development

General stages of identity development

• Stage one: Lack of awareness of the importance of culture

• Intermediate Stages: Psychological discomfort, self-examination, over-identification with own culture

• Final Stage: Self-acceptance and appreciation of culture

• Stage one: Lack of awareness of the importance of culture

• Intermediate Stages: Psychological discomfort, self-examination, over-identification with own culture

• Final Stage: Self-acceptance and appreciation of culture

Three Stage Model for Identity Development

(Phinney)

Three Stage Model for Identity Development

(Phinney)• Stage 1: Unexamined ethnic identity

– Acceptance of white identity– Similar to “foreclosure”

• Stage 2: Ethnic Identity Search– Similar to moratorium– Dissonance - understanding that not all majority

values are beneficial to cultural minority group

• Stage 3: Ethnic Identity Achievement– Internalization and incorporation– Have ways to cope with negative stereotypes

and prejudice

• Stage 1: Unexamined ethnic identity– Acceptance of white identity– Similar to “foreclosure”

• Stage 2: Ethnic Identity Search– Similar to moratorium– Dissonance - understanding that not all majority

values are beneficial to cultural minority group

• Stage 3: Ethnic Identity Achievement– Internalization and incorporation– Have ways to cope with negative stereotypes

and prejudice

This weekThis week

A case study - this powerpoint may be helpful

ReadingTwo discussion board threadsResearch your topic well - you will

need it for DB and projectStart thinking about the final

week/projectEmail with any questions/ideas!

A case study - this powerpoint may be helpful

ReadingTwo discussion board threadsResearch your topic well - you will

need it for DB and projectStart thinking about the final

week/projectEmail with any questions/ideas!

Additional resourcesAdditional resources

http://www.joe.org/joe/2001december/tt1.phphttp://wilderdom.com/psychology/loc/LocusOfC

ontrolWhatIs.htmlhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NcTCJdH4O

ochttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ace.

8405/pdfhttp://books.google.com/books?id=mdhnuLN-1

mEC&lpg=PA61&ots=ymEjPaRpmp&dq=white%20identity%20development%20model&lr&pg=PA68#v=onepage&q=white%20identity%20development%20model&f=false

http://www.joe.org/joe/2001december/tt1.phphttp://wilderdom.com/psychology/loc/LocusOfC

ontrolWhatIs.htmlhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NcTCJdH4O

ochttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ace.

8405/pdfhttp://books.google.com/books?id=mdhnuLN-1

mEC&lpg=PA61&ots=ymEjPaRpmp&dq=white%20identity%20development%20model&lr&pg=PA68#v=onepage&q=white%20identity%20development%20model&f=false