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SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGIES FOR HEALTHCARE APPLICATIONS

ROELAND HUYS

17.4% = 2.6T

8.5% = $1.2T9.6% = $1.9T

GLOBAL HEALTHCARE SPENDING IS ON THE RISE

HEALTHCARE SPENDING PER CAPITA IN KUWAIT

3 Source: http://data.worldbank.org

1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

1.4

1.3

1.2

1.1

1.0

.9

.8

.7

.6

.5

$ 1000

WHICH ARE THE GREATEST HEALTHCARE COSTS?

4

US 2010:$2.6T

0 500

Cardiovascular

Diabetes

Lung disease

Alzheimer's

$B

$430B

$150-170B

31%Hospital care

20%Physician/clinical

20%Other care

Nursing home careHome health care

Professional services

10%Drugs

19%Other

Chronic disease§75% of $2.6T§7/10 deaths

Data from Martin A.B., et al., Health Affairs, 2012.

PRODUCTIVITY COST

1.5%of world

GDP(2008)

2012: $1250B

Cancer

Data from cancer.orgDALY = disability-adjusted life-year

DISABILITY ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS IN THE ARAB WORLD

6

Includes Epidemic outbreaks e.g. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus

(MERS-CoV), camel flu

DEVELOPING EFFECTIVE THERAPIES IS HUGELY EXPENSIVE

Data from a recent report by the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology and Steven M. Paul, et al., “How to improve R&D productivity: the pharmaceutical industry’s grand challenge,” Nature Reviews 9, 203 (2010).

$1.8Bfor a new molecular entity

TRENDS IN MEDICINE TOWARDS BETTER PREVENTION AND IMPROVED THERAPIES

Improve healthcare efficiencyPrevention: monitor lifestyle

Detect diseases earlierReduce time spent in hospital

Develop new treatments and therapiesImprove drug development cycle

Top diseases:Cancer

CardiovascularDiabetes, urogenital, blood

Infectious diseasesMental and Neurological diseases

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Detect and prevent epidemic outbreaks

New R&D tools:Genomics, proteomics,

transcriptomics, …

New drug developmentTargeted drugs, precision

medicine

Personalized Medicine, gene therapies, cell therapies

Patient monitoring,Patient compliance

Precision DiagnosticsConsumer diagnostics

AND NOW…

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SOMETHING COMPLETELY DIFFERENT

1950$6,000,0001000’s kg

cm-sized switches5,000 operations/sec

2016$500

138 grams3.3 Billion,16nm-sized switches

87 gigaflops

1011increase in

operations/s/$

IMEC’S TECHNOLOGIES ENABLING INTERNET-OF-HEALTH

SMART RFID TAGS

COMPACT AND LOW-POWER SENSORS

ECG PATCH

SMART CONTACT LENS

HYPERSPECTRAL TECHNOLOGYSAMSUNG DIGITAL HEALTH EMPOWERED BY IMEC MULTI-SENSOR PLATFORM

SENSING AND INTERACTION WITHTISSUES, CELLS, DNA AND PROTEINS

APPLICATIONS IN LIFE SCIENCES R&D, DIAGNOSTICS AND THERAPEUTICS

IMEC LIFE SCIENCES

FROM SILICON CHIP DEVELOPMENT TO BIOLOGY

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Silicon-Bio materialsBio-compatible materials such as

Polymers, dielectrics, self-assembled monolayers, electrode materials,

optical materialsNovel components such as optical

and electrical biosensors, microfluidics, optical components

In-house testing capabilities: Cell cultures, Animal testing, Blood

testing, Molecular biology

Experienced researchers with a biology, chemistry or biomedical

background, and >1000 m2 of Biolabs

Biolabs>1B$ infrastructure

200mm and 300mm clean roomsStd. 130nm down to 40nm

MEMS, in-line testingWe offer a flexible approach for

custom integration, prototyping and manufacturing and transfer

Silicon chip processing

IMEC’S IN-HOUSE CAPABILITIES

Smart ElectronicsLow-power circuit and instrumentation design,Novel imager design and

technology, photonics and optical design, hyperspectral filters, MEMS

sensors, novel transducer technologies, wearable devices

WE ARE EXPERTS IN SILICON CHIP TECHNOLOGY

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ADVANTAGES OF USING SILICON CHIP TECHNOLOGY

Microfluidics

Silicon or Polymer based microfluidic integrationIntegrated sample preparation: mixing, filtrationEmbedding of Silicon chip in plastic cartridge

Integrated optics

On-chip optical components such as filters, couplers, lens structures, …On-chip microscopy

Integrated sensor solutions

Downscaling of sensing unitMEMS-based or electrical biosensorsNovel materials: bio-compatible and effective

Customized electronics

Custom imager designInstrumentation circuits, integrated data acquisitionUltra-low power design

Reduced sample size and reagent cost

Integrated workflows, on-chip sample prep

Disposable, fully enclosed microfluidics system

Compact instrumentation

Improved optical alignment, vibration resistivity

Improved efficiency, higher sensitivity

Parallelization: increase of throughput

Parallelization: increase of sensitivity

Nanotechnology: single-molecule interaction

Integrated self-testing and calibration

User friendly, connectedness, data safety

Longer battery life time

WE HAVE PARTNERED WITH A WIDE RANGE OF ORGANISATIONS

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DNA SEQUENCING: APPLICATIONS

ApplicationsMolecular biologyunderstand our genetic codegenetic code of virusesMedicinegenetic diseasesDrug discoverydevelop new, more effective drugsDiagnosticsidentification of cancer and infectious diseasesTherapypersonalized medicineForensicsPlant biology, GMO’s, precision farming

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HUMAN GENOME

≈ 20,000 genes≈ 3 Billion base pairs4 base pairs: ATCG

DNA SEQUENCING: COST PER GENOME

HIGH-QUALITY GENOMIC DATA REQUIRES POWERFUL INSTRUMENTATION

Pacific Biosciences RSII

EXAMPLE CUSTOMER APPLICATION

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IMEC DEVELOPED AND MANUFACTURES WORLD’S MOST ADVANCED NEXT-GENERATION DNA SEQUENCING CHIP FOR PACIFIC BIOSCIENCES

Read the press release: http://www2.imec.be/be_en/press/imec-news/pacificbiosciences.html Source: http://www.pacb.comCopyright Pacific Biosciences

SMRT CONSUMABLES- Sample-to-sequencing in a day- Cost-effective, scalable workflows- Flexible protocols support a variety of

sample types and insert sizes

SEQUEL SYSTEM7x faster, 3x smaller, half the price

Rapid sequencing time: 0.5 to 6 hrsSerially process up to 16 SMRT Cells in a single run with walkaway automation

REVOLUTIONIZING CANCER RESEARCH AND DIAGNOSTICS

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Circulating tumor cells

Specifications:• Area: 1 mm2 / channel• 5000 cells/sec/channel achieved• Sorted purity: >98%• 1m/s cell speed• Monolythic microfluidic chip• No moving parts: excellent

durability

IMEC’S ON-CHIP CELL SORTER SYSTEM

Rapid on-chip sorting

FLUORESCENT DETECTION

ON-CHIP MICROSCOPY

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384: Highest possible number of recording channels966: Highest possible number of electrodes

20 µm: Thinnest, lightest for minimal tissue damageThe only true volume manufacturable bain implant chip

REVOLUTIONIZING BRAIN RESEARCH

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EXAMPLE OF EXTREME SCALING OF INSTRUMENTATION AND MICROMACHINING

ApplicationsBrain researchIn-vivo drug screeningImplants for closed-loop therapies Future medical devices: Epilepsy, Parkinson’s and Peripheral Nerve System

tetrode-like site layout

<100 um bending after stress engineering

REVOLUTIONIZING NON-INVASIVE BLOOD SENSING

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DIABETES EPIDEMIC

Diabetes Atlas 3rd Ed., international Diabetes Foundation, 2006

346M worldwide~10% of population in developed regions

1/3 doesn’t know

RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY AS A CONVENIENT GLUCOSE SENSOR

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Lipson, et al., “Requirements for Calibration in Noninvasive Glucose Monitoring by Raman Spectroscopy,” Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, Volume 3, Issue 2, March 2009

26© IMEC 2012 - CONFIDENTIAL

KEY: MONOLITHIC INTEGRATION OF SINX PHOTONICS ON TOP OF STANDARD IMAGER TECHNOLOGY

back-to-back segmented out-couplersaligned to pixels blocking layer

light

back-reflecting mirror

TiN

SiO2

SiN

SiO2

27© IMEC 2012 - CONFIDENTIAL

REVOLUTIONIZING CLINICAL DIAGNOSTICS

miDiagnostics60M€ series AAccurate diagnostics anywhere, anytime for anyone

¡ Low-cost, Si-based disposable¡ Leveraging standard semiconductor manufacturing:

scalable to low-cost mass production

¡ Small form factor¡ Use ubiquitous device as interface (e.g.

smartphone)¡ No separate instrument

¡ Quantitative, accurate and clinically relevant¡ Sensitivity and specificity that matches reference

methods

¡ Multi-omic¡ Integration of various assay and sensor types on

one platform¡ Currently 4 different “pathways” planned

Detection chip

~1 cm

2-4 cm

Fluidics chip

PCB with radio, power, control

Packagedisposable microfabricated test

flexible:blood, saliva, urine

smart phone

health tracking app + web

services

Wireless link

<10 grams<1 cm3

~$10<15 min

OTHER APPLICATIONS OF LIFE SCIENCES TECHNOLOGIES

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SPORTS AND LIFESTYLE

Athlete performance, blood levels

Nutrition advice and monitoring

Preventive medicine

VETENARY

Animal health: Genetics: inheritable diseases

Genealogy

AGRICULTURE

Plant biologyPrecision farming

GMO’s

FOOD AND WATER QUALITY

Bacterial infections in food and water

Food AllergiesFood Authenticity

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