semantic technologies and enhanced situation awareness
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Semantic Technologies and Enhanced Situation Awareness. Paul Smart, Ali Bahrami, Dave Braines, Duncan McRae-Spencer, Jun Yuan, Nigel Shadbolt. The Problem. Challenges increasingly diverse and sophisticated sensor systems increasingly pervasive and complex information networks - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
International Technology AllianceIn Network & Information Sciences
International Technology AllianceIn Network & Information Sciences
Paul Smart, Ali Bahrami, Dave Braines, Duncan McRae-Spencer, Jun Yuan, Nigel Shadbolt
Paul Smart, Ali Bahrami, Dave Braines, Duncan McRae-Spencer, Jun Yuan, Nigel Shadbolt
Semantic Technologies and Enhanced Situation Awareness
Semantic Technologies and Enhanced Situation Awareness
The Problem
• Challenges– increasingly diverse and
sophisticated sensor systems– increasingly pervasive and
complex information networks
– mission-command philosophy• distributed decision-making
based on command intent
• Value– general recognition of
importance of situation awareness to mission success
• Previous research– Bryant et al – C2– Endsley et al – infantry
situation awareness requirements (US/Europe)
“Clearly, situation awareness has overriding combat aspects. It’s decisive when used properly…it isn’t a modest enhancement, it’s a decisive enhancement!”
- General Edwin Burba
Situation Awareness
“…the perception of the elements in the environment within a volume of space and time, the comprehension of their meaning and the projection of their status in the near future.” (Endsley, 1988)
Decision Making
Performance of Actions
Situation Awareness
Level 1Perception
Level 1Perception
Level 2Comprehension
Level 2Comprehension
Level 3Projection
Level 3Projection
State of the Environment
Semantic Technologies
• Developed as part of Semantic Web initiative
• Knowledge representation– RDF/RDFS/OWL– semantic expressivity – derived
from description logics– suited to distributed information
environments– provide explicit semantics
• Query capabilities– SPARQL/RDQL– ability to query repositories at
the semantic (rather than logical/structural) level
– exploit semantic entailments
• Reasoning & inference– modelling axioms with accepted
meaning permits automated reasoning
– rule languages – SWRL, RIF
Semantically-Enabled Capabilities
Information Access
Why is it useful?• reduced processing
How is it achieved?• reduced processing
Objectives•enable rapid access to relevant
information•support search discovery and retrieval
Relevance•extended memory•cognitive augmentation (?)
Technologies•ontologies, folksonomies•semantic annotation•semantic queries
Issues•network stability and performance•information access cost
Cognitive Potential
Internal Memory
External Memory
Information Access
Why is it useful?• reduced processing
How is it achieved?• reduced processing
Objectives•enable rapid access to relevant
information•support search discovery and retrieval
Relevance•extended memory•cognitive augmentation (?)
Technologies•ontologies, folksonomies•semantic annotation•semantic queries
Issues•network stability and performance•information access cost
Internal Memory
External Memory
Cognitive Potential
Information Integration
Why is it useful?• reduced processing
How is it achieved?• reduced processing
Objectives•identification of mappings between the
elements of disparate datasets•support information exchange and
interoperability
Relevance•reduced workload•greater information reach•improved information fusion
Technologies•ontologies – semantic enrichment
supports integration•semantic integration techniques
Issues•automation•usability • ITA Project 12, Task 1
Information Filtering
Why is it useful?• reduced processing
How is it achieved?• reduced processing
Objectives•attenuate information overload•selectively filter information streams•identify relevant information
Relevance•increased working memory capacity•reduced info-smog
Technologies•ontologies•semantic queries•knowledge monitors
Issues•out-of-the-loop syndrome•competition for limited sensor
resources
1 Sensor selection and orientation
Semantic queries
Event/contingency detection
AKTiveSA
• AKTiveSA– UK MoD DIF DTC– enhanced situation
awareness– humanitarian assistance
missions– semantic filters– knowledge monitors
• monitor situation• alert user to situation
contingencies and events
Smart, P. R., Russell, A., Shadbolt, N., schraefel, m. c., & Carr, L. A. (2007) AKTiveSA: A Technical
Demonstrator System for Enhanced Situation Awareness in Military Operations Other Than
War. The Computer Journal, in press.
InfoGlue
Sensors
Heterogeneous Databases
Documents
Video
Audio
Information Sources
Profile
Ontology
Aggregation/ Integration
Workflow
Context
Query Late Binding
Change Detection Monitor
• InfoGlue– ITA Project 12– information retrieval to
support goal relevant processing
• Semantic technologies– ontologies– semantic integration– semantic queries
• Context-aware information retrieval– user profile– workflow
Bahrami, A., Yuan, J., Smart, P. R., & Shadbolt, N. R. (2007) Context-Aware Information Retrieval for Enhanced Situation Awareness. Paper presented at the Military Communications
Conference (MILCOM), Orlando, Florida, USA.
Summary
ITA Projects Links
Semantic Integration & Interoperability
Semantically-Mediated Data Fusion
Sensor Mission Matching
Cultural Modelling of Planning & Intent