selected lecture materials from: 1310 world geography 3310 urban geography 3309 us & canada 4313...
TRANSCRIPT
Selected Lecture Materials from:
1310 World Geography3310 Urban Geography3309 US & Canada4313 Environmental Management5309 Land Management
www.NASA.gov
1st a Warm Up: NASA Satellite at Night Imagery
AP Human Geography College-Level Goal #1:
Use and think about maps and spatial data.
Built Environment reflects Core-Periphery Relationships
Economy Culture Political influence
Industrialization and Economic Development
http://www.rasmusen.org/x/2006/10/28/mark-newmans-cartograms/
Cartogram: World Population
http://www.rasmusen.org/x/2006/10/28/mark-newmans-cartograms/
Cartogram: GDP
Population
Economy
The difference is development.
World Gross National Income (GNI) Per Capita - 2006
Development:“the process by which the political, social, and economic structures of a country are improved for the purpose of ensuring the well-being of its populace.”
United Nations Human Development Index, 2003
Income Equity Within Countries
Where did this approach to “development” come from?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rostovian_take-off_model
Rostow’s Stages of Growth
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World-systems_approach
Wallenstein's World Systems Theory
informal economy
formal economy
Primary resource extraction
Secondary manufacturing
Tertiary sales / distribution
Quaternary information management
Quinary multinationals, globalization
Formal Economy: Economic Sectors
Primary resource extraction
Secondary manufacturing
Tertiary sales / distribution
Quaternary information management
Quinary multinationals, globalization
Formal Economy: Economic Sectors
Wealth and Development accumulate (magnify) at every level:
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Level of “development” depends heavily on how many “sectors” a country/region captures within its borders or realm of control.
PrimarySecondary
TertiaryQuaternary
Raw MaterialsLabor
Pre-ManufacturingEcon: Supply
Geo: Periphery
ManufacturingSales / Services
Information Mgmnt.Econ: Demand
Geo: Core
Global Economic Sectors and Neocolonialism
Who is in control of the exchange?
Built Environment reflects Core-Periphery Relationships
Economy Culture Political influence
Switzerland- MDC- import and export in all economic sectors
Cote d’Ivoire- LDC- export: exclusively primary resources-imports: processed goods mostly via MDCs
MDC / LDC Economic Scenarios Neo-Colonialism - control relationships that persist beyond formal period of colonization
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/
Peru-LDC- export: exclusively primary resources - imports: processed goods mostly via MDCs
- import and export in all economic sectors
USA- MDC
- import and export in all economic sectors
Globalization and Diversity 2e; Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff
The Colonial World in 1914
http://www.colorado.edu/geography/class_homepages/geog_4712_s10/armed_conflict_undpx.gif
Some of Development’s General Rules
As economic development increases:
- birth rates decline
- death rate decline
- growth rates decline
- Doubling Time increases
- life expectancy increases
- educational attainment increases
- urbanization increases
- civil unrest declines
- Recognition of Human Rights proliferates
Less Developed
Developing
Developed and Negative Growth
developed
developing
less developed
United States
Aging in Europe:- core-periphery relationship- rural to urban migration- immigration exchange
Globalization and Diversity 2e; Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff
The Demographic Transition
BR & DR high;Low to no pop. growth
DR drops due to improved food supply, sanitation; pop. rises
BR drops due to urbanization, education; pop. rises
BR, DR low;Low to no pop. growth; population high
Development:The process by which the political, social, and economic structures of a country are improved for the purpose of ensuring the well-being of its populace.
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/
Growth of World Cities(2000 – 2015)