seismic testing of full scale fluid viscous dampers
TRANSCRIPT
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Seismic Testing of Full Scale Seismic Testing of Full Scale Fluid Viscous DampersFluid Viscous Dampers
Douglas P. Taylor, President
NEES-MCEER Annual MeetingTaylor Devices, Inc.
Hyatt Regency Hotel –
Buffalo, NYJune 11, 2011
June 9-11, 2011
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Founded in 1955 by Paul H. Taylor
Traditional business is 40% military with commercial products based on proven military designs
Product LinesDampersShock AbsorbersVibration IsolatorsGun MountsShock Transmission DevicesFluid SpringsAir SpringsShock Isolation SystemsSatellite Deployment Systems
TAYLOR DEVICES INCORPORATED
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16 Airport Structures
19 Hospitals
15 Stadiums
Los Angeles and Hayward City Halls in California
San Francisco Civic Center
Tokyo-Rinkai
Hospital
Jimbo-Cho
Office Building, Tokyo
San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge
Millennium Bridge Retrofit in the U.K.
26 Tall Buildings, including the Petronas
Twin Towers in Malaysia
~
274 Buildings, 117 Bridges to Date ~
PROJECT OVERVIEW
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INTRODUCTION TO PRODUCTION DAMPER TESTINGTaylor Devices’
Policy: 100% of all Fluid Viscous Dampers produced shall be subjected to acceptance tests at full scale. These include the following tests on all units:
Static proof pressure testsFull force / full velocity cyclic load test
These are the minimum
tests to be performed. For product liability and proof of design performance, additional tests may be required for specific customer requirements. These additional tests may include:Sine wave test –
variable frequency and amplitudeExtreme temperature testsAccelerated life cycle testsOffset load testsWind cycling testsUltimate load testsDrop weight testing for blast simulationFull scale structural testing
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TAYLOR DEVICES’
TESTING CAPABILITIES
High Velocity Hydraulic Test Stands ~
Four separate test stands, up to 1,000 mt
output force
Velocity to 2.5 m/s
Vertical Drop Testing ~
Seven separate drop rails, up to 30 mt
drop weight
Test forces up to 2,800 mt
Velocity to 14 m/s
All instruments calibrated traceable to NIST
Digital data acquisition, processing via LabVIEW
software, 50 channel capability
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TAYLOR DEVICES’
TESTING CERTIFICATIONS AND ACCREDITATIONS
AS 9100B
EN 9100B
ISO 9001:2000
NASA Quality Specification NHB-5300.4(1C)
U.S. Government Military Standards ~
MIL-Q-9858A
MIL-I-45208A
MIL-STD-45662
CE Stamp per EN-15129
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TEST MACHINE PHOTOGRAPHS
Hydraulic Stand180 mt
capacity at 2.5 m/sStroke = ±
0.63 mMax frequency = 4.5 Hz
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TEST MACHINE PHOTOGRAPHS
Hydraulic Stand180 mt
capacity at 2.5 m/sStroke = ±
0.63 mMax frequency = 4.5 Hz
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TEST MACHINE PHOTOGRAPHSHydraulic Stand1,000 mt
capacity at 1 m/s
–
full bore- or -
360 mt
capacity at 2 m/s
–
liner installedStroke = ±
0.5 mMax frequency = 3 Hz
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TEST MACHINE PHOTOGRAPHSHydraulic Stand1,000 mt
capacity at 1 m/s
–
full bore- or -
360 mt
capacity at 2 m/s
–
liner installedStroke = ±
0.5 mMax frequency = 3 Hz
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TEST MACHINE PHOTOGRAPHSHeavyweight Drop Test StandMaximum drop weight = 30 mtMaximum impact velocity = 14 m/sGround node force capacity = 2,800 mtGround node first mode frequency = 970 HzGround node weight:In excess of 1,600 mtSingle pour concrete with rebar cageRests on 150 blow count glacial till,
2 m above shale bedrock
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STATIC PROOF TESTS –
ALL DAMPERS PRODUCEDTest description:Each damper is statically pressurized to a minimum pressure equivalent to that resulting at 125% of maximum rated damper loadOnce the proof pressure is obtained, it is to be held for a minimum of 180 seconds
Success criteria:No yieldNo leaksNo breaks
Test results verify:Seal integrityPressure vessel strengthProduct long-term integrity in lieu of performing fracture mechanics analysis on individual parts
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FULL FORCE / FULL VELOCITY CYCLIC LOAD TEST FIRST PIECE PRODUCTION FOR ANY PROJECT
A series of sine wave test inputs are used to obtain a plot of force vs. velocity for the first piece produced for each project
First piece test results verify the required damping function
Test are normally run at 22C, with other test temperatures if required by contract
Test results verify:
Maximum output force
Required damping function:
F = CVα
C = Damping Coefficientα
= Damping Exponent
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FULL FORCE / FULL VELOCITY CYCLIC LOAD TEST OF PRODUCTION UNITS
Test description:
Depending on customer requirements, each damper is subjected to one of the following:
Simple push test to verify force at full rated velocity
Same as above, but a full sine wave checking output in compression and extension
Multiple sine waves at frequencies and displacements specified by customer
Test results verify:
Maximum force capability at maximum rated velocity
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DAMPER TEST VIDEOS
Single cycle sine wave overload test at 150% maximum rated velocity
This was a customer specified test. Force level = 2,600 kN
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DAMPER TEST VIDEOS
Three cycle sine wave test at 100% maximum rated velocity
This was a customer specified test. Force level = 2,000 kN
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DAMPER TEST VIDEOS
High velocity drop test
Shock absorber used on blast-resistant wall section
Impact speed = 14 m/s
Output force = 450,000 Nt
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DAMPER TESTS / EVALUATION IN STRUCTURES ~NORMALLY PERFORMED AS INITIAL RESEARCH
Performed to demonstrate that the technology actually improves performance
Determines the robustness of the technology
Validates computer modeling, computational dynamics, and software
Typically performed with ¼
to ½
scale building and bridge models
Test results verify:
Design performance
Modeling techniques for implementation
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SCALED STRUCTURAL TESTING
NEES Laboratory at SUNY Buffalo 2007
Uplift with Dampers
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SCALED STRUCTURAL TEST VIDEO
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FULL SCALE DAMPER TESTS IN STRUCTURES ~
True full scale structural tests are the exception to the rule
Some exceptions:
NEESWood
–
full scale residential house test
E-Defense tests in Japan
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FULL SCALE STRUCTURAL TESTSE-Defense Multi-Story Building Test - 2009
Added damping
12%, 100 mt
force per damper
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CONCLUSIONS
All dampers delivered to a jobsite require testing for product liability considerations
All dampers must be proof pressure tested to verify pressure vessel and seal integrity
All dampers must be dynamically tested to full rated force at full rated velocity to verify load capability
First piece production tests required to verify damping function and other generic testing specified by a particular customer requirement
Any damper of a “new design”
or “new style”
must be subjected to independent testing installed in a structural model
to verify the design attributes and validate damper model using representative structural design software
Full scale structural testing is reserved only for projects with
sufficient budget levels